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(茶文化区别)The Difference of Tea Culture between China and Britain

The Difference of Tea Culture

between China and Britain

—— English research paper Group number : 5

Teammates :

Date : 2010.10.18

Origin of tea culture (2)

Types of Tea (5)

Chinese Tea Drinking Habits (6)

The British Tea Drinking Habits (9)

Difference of Tea Variety (12)

Popularity of drinking tea among people in china and britain (13)

Articles for Daily Use (16)

What caused the difference of tea cultures between China and Britain? (17)

Survey (19)

Abstract：This paper centers on the comparison of the difference of tea culture between China and Britain, it includes the origin of tea, types of tea,tea drinking habits of the two country,popularity and daily use of tea and a survey conducted in a tea market.

Keywords：tea culture, difference, Britain, China

Origin of tea culture

Years of inspection and investigation by the tea specialists has already proved that the origin of tea plant is in China. Tea is indispensable in Chinese life, not simply a drink, but a respository of culture, representing the philosophy, aesthetic views, and way of life of the Chinese people.

Tea plants are native to East and South Asia and probably originated around

the point of confluence of the lands of northeast India, north Burma, southwest China, and Tibet. Although tales exist in regard to the beginnings of tea being used as a beverage, no one is sure of its exact origins. The usage of tea as a beverage was first recorded in China, with the earliest records of tea consumption with records dating back to the 10th century BC. It was already a common drink during Qin Dynasty (around 200 BC) and became widely popular during Tang Dynasty, when it was spread to Korea and Japan. Trade of tea by the Chinese to Western nations in the 19th century spread tea and the tea plant to numerous locations around the world.

Tea was imported to Europe during the Portuguese expansion of the 16th century, at which time it was termed chá. In 1750, tea experts traveled from China to the Azores Islands, and planted tea, along with jasmines and mallows, to give the tea aroma and distinction. Both green tea and black tea continue to grow in the islands, that are the main supplier to continental Portugal. Catherine of Braganza, wife of Charles II, took the tea habit to Great Britain around 1660, but it was not until the 19th century Britain that tea became as widely consumed as it is today. In Ireland, tea had become an everyday beverage for all levels of society by the late 19th century, but it was first consumed as a luxury item on special occasion such as religious festivals, wakes, and domestic work gatherings such as quiltings.

In many cultures, tea is often had at high class social events, such as afternoon tea and the tea party. It may be consumed early in the day to

heighten alertness; it contains theophylline and bound caffeine(sometimes called "theine"), although there are also decaffeinated teas.

Tea is prevalent in most cultures in the Middle East. In Arab culture, tea is a focal point for social gatherings. In Iranian (Persian) and Pakistani cultures, tea is so widely consumed that it is generally the first thing offered to a household guest.

In Pakistan, both black and green teas are popular and are known locally as "sabz chai" and "kahwah," respectively. The popular green tea called kahwah is often served after every meal in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the Pashtun belt of Balochistan. In the Kashmir region of Pakistan, Kashmiri chai or "noon chai,"

a pink, milky tea with pistachios and cardamom, is consumed primarily at special occasions, weddings, and during the winter months when it is sold in many kiosks. In the northern Pakistan regions of Chitral and Gilgit-Baltistan, a salty, buttered Tibetan-style tea is consumed.

There are tea ceremonies which have arisen in different cultures, such as the Chinese and Japanese tea ceremonies, each of which employs traditional techniques and ritualized protocol of brewing and serving tea for enjoyment in a refined setting. One form of Chinese tea ceremony is the Gongfu tea ceremony, which typically uses small Yixing clay teapots and oolong tea.

The American poet Wallace Stevens, a tea-fancier, is credited by Eleanor Cook with a "delicately implicit trope of drinking tea as a metaphor for reading

(ingesting a drink from leaves)."See for instance his "Tea".

In the United States and Canada, 80% of tea is consumed cold, as iced tea. In India, tea is one of the most popular hot beverages. It is consumed daily in almost all homes, offered to guests, consumed in high amounts in domestic and official surroundings and is made with the addition of a lot of milk with or without spices. It is also served with biscuits which are dipped in the tea and eaten before consuming the tea.

Types of Tea

There are a wide range of tea products on today’s market , and China’s tea has seven main categories : Black tea, Green tea, Scented tea, Oolong tea, Pressed tea, Pu’er tea and Yellow tea . All of these tea is tea with fre sh leaves, buds and twigs processed, processing methods, processing of the tea category is different.

1. Black tea, there are two: one is called black tea bar, including the Zhenghe and Tanyang work; one is broken black tea.

2 . Green tea processing is divided into three processes: the fixation, rolling and drying.

3 . Boring yellow tea process is characterized by the formation of the key processes, if not boring yellow through this process, it can not be called Yellow tea.

4 . The initial processing of tea is green tea have been mainly produced in Yunnan, Pu'er tea powder is the key to the fermentation process.

5 . Oolong tea is semi-fermented tea, which is mainly produced in the Wuyi Mountain, Fujian Province, region, followed by Fujian Minnan, then there are the Chaozhou-Shantou area, Guangdong Province.

6 . Scented Tea is tea made from the finest tea blank, and the rich fragrance of flowers scenting mixture, it has both flowers, but also tea.

7 . Pressed tea is steamed green loose tea rolled into the model after compaction, shape correct Leveling, easy to transport, soup thick bright red, the bottom of the Maroons.

Chinese Tea Drinking Habits

The Chinese tea has more than 4000 years history, the Chinese people in daily life tea is indispensable to the Chinese people in daily life , one of the saying "wood, and meters, oil, salt, sauce, vinegar, tea", tea was listed in the open the door seven thing,so you can see how important the tea in China . To entertain the Chinese tea is a kind of habit. The guest immediately offer you a glass of the door, master of tea aroma, while drinking tea, the atmosphere relaxed happy talk edge. The ethos that drink tea in China has a long history. It is said that, in the years before 280, China south have a small country that country wu, the king, a minister in the love with wine ministers drunk. One of

them that the minister of the WeiZhao is very small, the king let him drink with tea and wine. Since then, scholars began to recieve guest with tea. In tang dynasty, drinking tea has become one kind of habit. It is said that, this habit also and buddhist related. About in the 713 to 741 years, was in the temple monks and believers in "around" when the time is long, love nap and eat, the old monk thought a way for them to drink tea, nerve excitement, from then on, this method was exported to all over the country. At the same time, the family of riches and honour of tang dynasty, which has also fry tea, tea, the room that read, called the teahouse. Male yuan 780, tang dynasty tea experts summed up the kind of lu tea, tea, tea experience, wrote the first book in countries-the fragrance of tea. In the song dynasty, emperor with tea banquet hosted secretary gradually, personally lay their hands on the Fried tea; The qing dynasty the palace with tea party not only, and still use tea of foreign ministers. Now every New Year's festival, such as the Spring Festival or some organizations often host tea party.

In China, tea has formed a unique cultural phenomenon. People to flip tea, tea as a kind of art. Since ancient time, all over China have different forms of teahouse, tea house, the front door of the Beijing busy street has special tea house. People there, drink tea, eat snacks, appreciate art performance, is a rest, entertainment kill two birds with one stone. In south China, not only have teahouse teahouse, still have a kind of tea, this tea tent more tents in optimal beautiful place, the tourist scenery while drinking tea side viewing.

Tea has the habit of drinking tea, tea, it took all of the tea, be fond of different hobbies variety is not the same. People in Beijing love drink scented tea, from Shanghai, be fond of green tea. The southeast of China from fujian province, but love to drink black tea, etc. In some places, drink tea also like to put some relish tea, such as southern hunan some place ginger tea entertain guest, commonly used salt not only have tea, and salt, ginger, ChaoHuangDou and sesame, when the tea drinking, the last wave soybean, sesame, ginger and tea together, slowly into mouth chewing out, so many places and fragrance called "tea" for "eat tea".

The method of the tea also have their own habits around, east China area with big teapot, guests like the door, put the tea in drinking water, ice and ran for tea bubble, then the teacup, treat people in with tea. In some places, such as east China area of zhangzhou, fujian tea time, not only tea set, and having a unique style make method is very special, formed the unique art of tea ceremony.

In all over China, tea etiquette is different also, in Beijing, master in the tea, the guest shall be immediately stood up, both hands took the cup, saying "thank you". In the southern guangdong, guangxi, master in the tea, with the right hand to bend to tap after three desktop, to show appreciation, in some areas,

the guests want to continue to drink tea, tea cups should leave some more tea, master saw will continue to add more tea, if will pour all the tea, host think you don't drink, don't give you add the tea. (excerpt from baidu library)

The British Tea Drinking Habits

British people love to drink tea. From England to Dover Scottish Aberdeen, almost all popular British tea customs.

1657 years later, the tea from China to Europe, British people get to know the tea is a kind of very good drinks, tea can prolong life, bright eye health. Later in 200, due to the tea price expensive, drink tea in the society and not in. Until 1826, the British people in India came across the mountains to the north of teas, wild tea tree overjoyed British businessman and the east India company, began to grow in the eastern Indian region, the area, and the tea processing shipment to return home. The popularity of the British afternoon tea and since then, has about 180 years of history.

British breakfast or afternoon tea, no matter be colour and pattern than the British dinner is rich. Big breakfast will complete with a pot of coffee or tea, and it is the best enjoyment. The British brought tea and milk made the "British tea", its taste is very special, both tea smells, and milk tasty. British people think this is two kinds of culture of harmony. Britain's afternoon tea is very popular and a grade. Afternoon tea generally match with delicious cakes, and eating pastry

edge taste English tea.

The UK's most famous tea room between about 125. Teahouse elegant environment, culture full-bodied breath, decorate exquisite decoration. Generally it has a tea tea history pictures. London hotel and department stores also have teahouse, among them with the old stores than card at a blessing on the opposite MeiSheng and most famous royal the coffee shop. Put the blessing MeiSheng teahouse in Victorian decoration candy department, the picture has huge around behind the light colored drawing, describes the Victorian India and Egypt scenery. When you part tea, while listening to the light music, must do not have a feeling. If happened to meet a empire complex of very strong English gentleman, he could rattle you about the history of the British empire, or the story of the tea culture.

The British tea, not only pay attention to the taste of the tea and quality, very exquisite also in the form of tea drinking. Generally speaking, should have a very cultured tea set. For example, equipped with a set of ancient China cups, plate and Victoria sterling silver teapot, teaspoon. Drinking tea, also have all kinds of cakes, cookies, put in the dish rack, returned in patterns, clean and neat, is very exquisite. Drinking tea actually become a kind of cultural enjoyment. In tea, a British person also enjoy show his cultural temperament and personal accomplishment. The gentleman in the sunshine was wearing dark sunglasses, behavior, steady, proper behavior. Tea service is gentle with, indoor quieter. While the woman well-spoken, easy manner, when someone

pass before from must be polite to gently move posture, smile. Old lady out drinking tea to talk to each other, sound is very small, light slow movement. British tea development up to now, can say wide variety. In addition to the traditional British tea outside, now, British and in black tea in all kinds of flowers, fruit add and rare spices, made into today's very popular scented tea, GuoCha and spices tea. These tea are very popular. For example, rose fragrant tea colour and lustre is gorgeous, filled with the aroma; Cherry plum GuoCha, orange lemon GuoCha, fruity, aftertaste making a person is boundless after drinking, very comfortable.

The British in daily life, often drink tea and British breakfast earl tea. One British breakfast tea and tea, is the first thing a selected India, Sri Lanka, Kenya around a black tea into, with the most suitable smell, the morning after getting up to enjoy. Earl tea is Chinese tea for the tea, join bergamot modulation and into. Special aroma, popular in the high society of Europe. British people love the extent of the black tea world famous. In a day many different time, will pause for a cup of tea. British queen's hobby drinking tea and deeply influenced the British people drink tea for breakfast to the environment. British female jenn-air Anna Mary less than 1840 s led the habit of afternoon tea; Queen Victoria every day is drink afternoon tea, will be accessible afternoon tea.

The traditional English afternoon tea, can be in three layer basket full of put on beautiful with tea, there are three way heart fine tea: most lower level, is

complete with the smoked salmon, ham, cucumber sandwich, the delicious bar The second is put British round muffins collocation jam or cream; The top layer is a place of seasonal fruits appetite big move tower. To serve, from the bottom up in order to take. (excerpt from baidu library)

Difference of Tea Variety

China: the north people like to drink scented tea, people like to drink black tea, northwest jiangnan like to drink green tea and minnan guangdong like to drink oolong tea. The beijing-tianjin areas, mostly like to use GaiWan bubble scented tea, green tea. People in Beijing love drink scented tea, from Shanghai, be fond of green tea. The southeast of China from fujian province, but love to drink black tea, etc. In some places, drink tea also like to put some relish tea, such as southern hunan some place ginger tea entertain guest, commonly used salt not only have tea, and salt, ginger, ChaoHuangDou and sesame, when the tea drinking, the last wave soybean, sesame, ginger and tea together, slowly into mouth chewing out, so many places and fragrance called "tea" for "eat tea".

British: the British people love the extent of the black tea world famous. But until now, the British tea development of add many varieties. British people in black tea in all kinds of flowers, fruit added and rare spices, made into today's very popular scented tea, GuoCha and spices tea. These tea are very popular. For example, rose fragrant tea colour and lustre is gorgeous, filled with the

aroma; Cherry plum GuoCha, orange lemon GuoCha, fruity, aftertaste making a person is boundless after drinking, very comfortable.

China: no specific time

Britain: breakfast tea (English in daily life, often drink tea and British breakfast earl tea. Which British breakfast tea and tea, is the first thing a selected India, Sri Lanka, Kenya around a black tea into, with the most suitable smell, enjoyed after the morning. Earl tea is Chinese tea for the tea, join bergamot modulation and into. Special aroma, popular in the high society of Europe.)

Afternoon tea (the traditional English afternoon tea, can be in three layer basket full of put on beautiful with tea, there are three way heart fine tea: most lower level, is complete with the smoked salmon, ham, cucumber sandwiches delicious bar; the second layer is put British round muffins collocation jam or cream; the top layer is a place of seasonal fruits appetite big move tower. To serve, from the bottom up in order to take.)

Popularity of drinking tea among people in china and britain

Traditionally tea drinkers were always considered to be high level or elite and highly respected by society, because drinking tea is the show of personal morality, education, principle and status. Increased enthusiasm for tea drinking led to the greater production of tea ware, and also significantly popularised Chinese porcelain culture.

Tea is commonly consumed at social events, and many cultures have created

intricate formal ceremonies for these events. Western examples of these are afternoon tea and the tea party. In the east, tea ceremonies differ among countries,

Due to the importance of tea in Chinese society and culture, tea houses can be found in most Chinese neighbourhoods and business districts. Chinese-style tea houses offer dozens of varieties of hot and cold tea concoctions. They also serve a variety of tea-friendly and/or tea-related snacks. Beginning in the late afternoon, the typical Chinese tea house quickly becomes packed with students and business people, and later at night plays host to insomniacs and night owls simply looking for a place to relax. Formal tea houses also exist. They provide a range of Chinese and Japanese tea leaves, as well as tea making accoutrements and a better class of snack food. Finally there are the tea vendors, who specialize in the sale of tea leaves, pots, and other related paraphernalia.

In China, at least as early as the Tang Dynasty, tea was an object of connoisseurship; in the Song Dynasty formal tea-tasting parties were held, comparable to modern wine tastings. As much as in modern wine tastings, the proper vessel was important and much attention was paid to matching the tea to an aesthetically appealing serving vessel.

Historically there were two phases of tea drinking in China based on the form of tea that was produced and consumed, namely: tea bricks versus loose leaf tea.

The British are the second largest per capita tea consumers in the world, with each person consuming on average 2.1 kg per year. The popularity of tea dates back to the 19th century when India was part of the British Empire, and British interests controlled tea production in the subcontinent. It was, however, first introduced in Britain by the Portuguese Catherine of Braganza, queen consort of Charles II of England in the 1660s and 1670s. As tea spread throughout the United Kingdom people started to have tea gardens and tea dances. These would include watching fireworks or a dinner party and dance, concluding with a nice evening tea. The tea gardens lost value after World War II but tea dances are still held today in the United Kingdom.

Tea is usually black tea served with milk (never cream)[citation needed]and sometimes with sugar. Strong tea served with lots of milk and often two teaspoons of sugar, usually in a mug, is commonly referred to as builder's tea. Much of the time in the United Kingdom, tea drinking is not the delicate, refined cultural expression that the rest of the world imagines—a cup (or commonly a mug) of tea is something drunk often, with some people drinking as many as 15-20 cups of tea a day, although the average is around 5. This is not to say that the British do not have a more formal tea ceremony, but for the working class of the United Kingdom, tea breaks are an essential part of any day. Employers generally allow breaks for tea and sometimes biscuits to be served.

Articles for Daily Use

1.losing weight : Having tea regularly will help you reduce cholesterol ,then will help you lose weight.

2.Protecting hairs : The tea contains Sent saponin（茶皂素）,which is good for washing .So ,the shampoo made from tea is good for your hairs .It can wipe off your scurf and make your hairs pure and fresh. And on the other hand ,the tea can protect hairs . After washing hairs ,put some tea powder on your scalp ,manage it (按摩),then it will help you avoid losing hairs.

3.Whitening skin : The tea has the use of wiping off stain and acne ,then whitening your skin . At the same time ,if you use the tea to wash your skin ,it will dislodge your aged keratin （去除老化角质）and make your skin smooth.

4.Improving black eyes : Put the tea on a beanbag ,close your eyes and put the it on your eyes for 10 to 15 minutes . Then it will remit your tired eyes ,improve your black eyes and treat your ocular inflammation（眼部炎症）.

5.Deep detox(深层排毒) : The tea have the use of detoxifing(解毒) and relaxing the bowels（通便） . So if you drink tea often , your don't have to worry about having pimple(痘痘) and ozostomia （口臭）caused by astriction（便秘）.

6.Resisting senium （抗老化）: The tea contains abundant tea polyphenol(茶多酚)，which is a great help for the skin to resist senium .

What caused the difference of tea cultures between China and Britain?

First of all, Chinese tea culture can be traced back to Tang Dynasty. For Britain, tea culture of English people initially appeared in the 19th century and was from the Indian people. The history of Chinese tea culture is much longer than that of Britain’s. Such long h istory resulted in the comparatively perfect tea ceremonies or customs of China.

What’s more, tea culture is just a branch of Chinese or British traditional cultures and customs.

In Britain, people who drink tea seek more about health. British people usually don’t have dinner until 7.30 p.m. Thus they developed afternoon tea culture so that they won’t be too hungry before they formally have supper. In China, people tend to pay more attention to the cultural meanings. Chinese view of tea has been restricted in a small cultural circle. Those countries belonging to this circle, such as Japan and Korea, can understand Chinese mental need of tea. Nevertheless, most foreign people can’t comprehend that. That’s also a main reason why Chinese green tea won’t become so popular as coffee or British tea.

In ancient China, people were forbidden to say anything about the politics in public while in Britain or some other foreign countries, people could talk about anything in the cafes. Thus, the atmosphere of tea house or cafe in Britain was more relaxed than in China. Many big events of foreign countries even

originated from here.

British main custom of tea culture is the afternoon tea and in China tea lore. Tea lore of China or Japan is very complicated and fancy while British way of drinking coffee is more casual because British people consider it a way of enjoying life. Chinese tea lore is nearly a kind of art.

In a word, British tea culture is more relaxed one while Chinese tea culture is a strict one. British people are more flexible in treating tea than Chinese people. T he present situation of Chinese green tea is not so good. Today’s green tea is mostly popular in Asia while coffee is almost popular across the world. To explain this phenomenon one fact should be mentioned-------that’s the colonial domination. The Europeans had governed the world for so many years and their traces can be found in each corner of the world. As a result, their customs and taste will undoubtedly root in global contemporary habits.

Though China is the country which creates the biggest production of tea, the most famous brand in this field is a foreign one called Lipton. This fact indicates that the marketing also contributes a lot in the popularity of tea. Maybe because of this, green tea is not so popular as coffee. The difference in popularity of the two countries’ tea (or coffee) directly leads to the popularity of relating tea cultures.

Next, when it comes to the types of tea, we find that Chinese people like green tea while British people like black tea. This is because British people didn’t grow tea. The tea they drank was from China. Green tea couldn’t be kept for

long time so they tended to choose black tea which was more suitable.

New changes

Tea artistic activities prosper from the 1980s and have already become an industry. More and more places of this kind of activities are coming out. Many tea-culture-exchanging organizations have been set up, which makes tea artistic activity an independent branch of art. In some big-scale tea assemblies, a good many new types of tea artistic performances have also been created. It has become an important part of public life.

Survey

We did a survey of the differences of tea culture between China and Britain on some tea merchants.

There is a Hesheng tea market in Nanjing. Many people prefer to buy tea in this market.

At first, we asked the tea merchants some questions and got some information as follow.

There are more buyers in spring than in the other three seasons, these people are with the purpose of tasting the fresh tea. But the midseason is when there are many tourists in Nanjing, because some tourists would like to buy some Yuhua tea as souvenir.

Tourists prefer to buy Yuhua tea, but natives buy other kinds of tea more.

The merchants also told us that as the byproducts of tea are more popular

today, they also begin to sell some household products made of tea, such as pillows made with tea stalks.

We saw some foreigners in the market. They said they seldom drink green tea daily. They drink black tea more and they buy green tea in China just as souvenirs. But the foreigners also said that it is enviable for China to have so many kinds of excellent green tea.

茶艺学习心得体会

篇一：茶艺与茶道学习心得体会茶艺与茶道学习心得体会因为个人对茶的喜爱，我报名学习了茶艺。在7天的学习过程中，我对茶有了进一步的了解。无论是茶的历史文化、茶的分类、喝茶的器具以及泡茶的方法，都是我之前所没有了解过的。7天的学习即将结束，虽然当前我只是浅浅地学习了一些入门知识，但浓厚的茶兴趣已被激发，我只迫不及待想要继更深入的学习茶，让自己融入茶的美妙世界。茶艺培训学习开设这样关于茶的培训课程，不仅仅为我们学员教授了茶文化，也为我们提供了一个良好的交友平台。在当代社会，能有机会以茶会友，是很风雅的一件事，大家有缘坐在一起学茶、品茶、赏茶、鉴茶，就好似古代文人骚客一般，喝茶谈笑，很令人享受，十分惬意。源于对“茶”的喜爱，怀着对中国传统文化的敬仰，终于将学习茶道的小梦想付诸于行了。如中国传统文化中任何一例皆渊源流长、博大精深，茶艺亦如此。初级班给了一把打开“茶道”这只潘朵拉神盒的钥匙，将原来饮茶的习惯及爱好的浅浮和模糊，引向明了，开启更多愉悦之情。短短几日的茶艺课程，接触到浅略的中国茶文化理论，学习到绿茶泡法、生活泡法、红茶泡法、闵式冲泡四款茶艺表演。因为原本对茶的喜爱，浅阅过茶艺相关的书籍，学习中对茶艺的阅读便有了更多的渴求与热情。在老师授课时，我们也渴望老师能传授更多的知识，有时因为课时的原因，未能更为详尽，我想学习是个循序渐进的过程。茶艺学习，对我来说，才是刚刚开始。篇二：茶艺心得体会茶文化体会感悟 “一杯茶，品人生沉浮；平常心，看万千世界，人生百年，宛如浮云；若非宿缘，岂能相遇？”在茶文化课上，终于看到大益八式的现场表演，课上短短的几十分钟让我们以益之韵之大益八式感受中华茶道的博大, 也品味人生海阔天空的淡然，下面就说一下我自己的一点感受和心得。大益八式”给人的是一种静心享受的过程，重在一个“慢”字，讲究动作的轻柔、优美、连贯。大益八式分为洗尘、坦呈、苏醒、洗尘、养成、身受、分享、放下。洗尘实际上是指茶道演习开始时身与心进入一个干净的境界过程。即包括入礼、礼拜宗师、礼拜客人等步骤;坦呈指向一个动作，即将茶席铺开，在茶席上摆布茶具的动作。这里的坦呈有两层含义，一是待客之坦白诚恳，二是茶具的呈现、展示。苏醒是指在泡制过程中“温杯洗具”的过程。这一过程，茶具的温度得以提升，可以使茶具里面的能更好地施展色、香、味、型的特点;法度，是指取茶，所谓量不在多，适度就好，正是取舍有度，知足常乐，动作上要求轻柔;养成是茶汤冲泡过程中最为关键的一个环节，它对水温有着严格的要求，水温的掌握对茶性的展现极为重要，前面几式均是为此做铺垫;身受，它是茶者品茗感悟一杯茶的过程，先己后人，益己利人这是茶道所提倡的;之后是分享和放下。在这整个茶艺表演过程中，我更是深深体会到一杯好茶不是说出来也不是写出来的，还是要动手泡出来的。所谓的凤凰三点头、悬壶高冲等等，来不得半点偷工减料。俗话说得好：台上三分钟，台下十年工。中国茶道文化是一种包

浅析中国茶文化的人生价值观

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