全国2005年10月高等教育自学考试电子商务英语试题及答案

全国2005年10月高等教育自学考试

电子商务英语试题

课程代码：00888

请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上

一、词汇和语法（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）

根据句子的意思选择一个正确的答案，错选、多选或未选均无分。

1. The time has come for the company to __________ after years of rapid expansion.

A. consist

B. consider

C. consolidate

D. combine

2. __________ were naturally a musical family .

A. A Shaw

B. The Shaws

C. The Shaw

D. Shaws

3. Nothing can __________ being unkind to children.

A. adjust

B. reason

C. justify

D. reassure

4. That kind of shoes are __________ expensive for me.

A. more

B. far more

C. far too

D. much

5. Next time I __________ there, I’ll ask them about it.

A. will go

B. have gone

C. am going

D. go

6. His wife, to whom he __________ for thirty years, was childless.

A. has married

B. has been married

C. had married

D. had been married

7. They are __________ a mass production movement.

A. firing

B. launching

C. introducing

D. presenting

8. Professor Tate __________ about him .

A. heard the students to talk

B. heard the talk by the students

C. heard the students talking

D. heard the students to talking

9. __________ some of the suggestions prove of value to you as well?

A. Could

B. Can

C. Might

D. May

10. The research project has only been under way for three months, so it’s too early to _______its success.

A. figure

B. consider

C. rate

D. evaluate

11. What do you think of his motion that we __________ a play at the English evening?

A. should put on

B. shall put on

C. would put on

D. will have put on

12. We can visit your company on Monday or Tuesday, our plans are fairly __________.

A. flexible

B. elastic

C. supple

D. compliant

13. Nothing can stop us now, __________?

A. can’t it

B. can it

C. could it

D. does it

14. All of my efforts to__________ peace failed.

A. reserve

B. conserve

C. persist

D. preserve

15. I was greatly shocked by the way __________ things were done there.

A. how

B. that

C. as

D. which

16. There is a(n) __________ between logic and metaphysics.

A. bargain

B. treaty

C. compact

D. alliance

17. Neither of the drivers who are being held by the police__________ whom to blame for his trouble.

A. know

B. knows

C. to know

D. have known

18. All citizens in this nation are__________ to the law.

A. subject

B. object

C. exposed

D. dependent

19. I made up my mind that under no circumstances__________ to such principle.

A. couldn’t I agree

B. I couldn’t agree

C. I could agree

D. could I agree

20. Einstein’s new theory on optics changed__________ scientific idea about light.

A. technical

B. original

C. classical

D. mechanical

二、完型填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）

从选项中选择一个最适合短文的选项，错选、多选或未选均无分。

Jogging is becoming one of the 21 growing activities in the nation. More people are starting jog each year. This, however, is a recent occurrence. It was not long ago 22 joggers were rare sight. Some people thought that they looked quite strange. As 23 people began jogging the sight of them became more common.

There are many reasons 24 a person to take up jogging. First, it is a good form of exercise. This is 25 it involves the use of many parts of the body. The exercising of the heart is of great benefit. This is one of the most important parts of the human body. If the heart does not get the needed exercise, serious problems can occur.

26 reason for jogging is for enjoyment. 27 being good for people, it can also be very much fun.

Part of the fun of jogging comes from the opportunity it provides for meeting other people who enjoy it.

One 28 that should be considered 29 a person takes up jogging as a form of exercise of enjoyment is that it is not for everyone. People should first check 30 their doctors and be prepared to find another form of exercise if jogging is not recommended.

21. A. fastest B. quickest C. most D. best

22. A. when B. while C. that D. as

23. A. many B. those C. more D. the

24. A. of B. with C. for D. in

25. A. that B. why C. reasonable D. because

26. A. A B. Other C. The other D. Another

27. A. Except B. Except for C. Besides D. Regardless of

28. A. matter B. event C. thing D. occurrences

29. A. of B. that C. what D. when

30. A. out B. over C. on D. with

三、阅读理解（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）

阅读下面的短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案填空或答题，错选、多选或未选均无分。

Passage 1

Relaxation therapy ( = treatment). If you read the sentence out loud, your blood pressure will go up. If you talk to another person, it will go still higher. If the talk is with your boss, your pressure will go even higher. If you speak to someone of the opposite sex, your pressure may show less change if you’re married than if you’re single.

Dozens of times each day, your blood pressure changes with what you’re feeling and doing. These “ups and downs”take place in everyone, but they are more severe in people with high blood pressure. That discovery is the basis for the newest therapy: controlling blood pressure by learning skills to control everyday stress.

Many patients control their blood pressure with the relaxation response. This takes four simple things: a quiet environment, a comfortable position (sitting or lying down), the repeating of a word, prayer or phrase each time you breathe and having none of other thoughts.

Something remarkable happens when you do this, according to research in Boston. Relaxation of the mind and body has the effect that some blood-pressure pills would have. What’s more, the blood pressure stays lower, just as it would with a pill, after you have stopped the relaxation and have returned to the stress of daily life.

31. The first paragraph tells us the reason why your blood pressure goes up is that__________.

A. you read aloud a sentence

B. the man you talk to is your boss

C. you’re not married

D. you’re nervous

32. Which of the following statements is not true?

A. One’s blood pressure changes many times every day.

B. Y our blood pressure changes with your feelings.

C. When you’re doing different things, your blood pressure, perhaps, is different.

D. The changes of blood pressure only happen to people with high blood pressure.

33. The last paragraph tells us relaxation therapy__________.

A. needs a new kind of medicine

B. has the same effect as blood-pressure pills

C. is more than blood-pressure pills

D. is working and can be improved

Passage 2

If you do not find the required information using the tips from the previous section, then you need to consult an online service to find the piece of information you were looking for. Three different types of services have been established over the years: crawlers, directories and meta search engines.

The first crawler was created back in 1993. It was called the World Wide Worm. It crawled from one site to the next and indexed all pages by saving the content of the web pages into a huge database. Crawlers or spiders visit a web page, read it, and then follow links to other pages within the site and even follow links to

other sites. Web crawlers return to each site on a regular basis, such as every month or two, to look for changes. Everything a crawler finds goes into a database, which people are able to query.

The advantage of the web crawlers is that they have an extensive database with almost the complete Internet indexed in it. The disadvantage is that you get thousands of web pages as a response for almost any request.

Web directories work a little differently. First of all they contain a structured tree of information. All information entered into this tree is either entered by the webmaster who wants to announce his new web page or by the directory maintainer who looks at the web pages submitted. The directories where webmasters can submit both the URL (Uniform Resource Locator) and the description normally contain more misleading information.

Getting into most web directories is a combination of luck and quality. Although anyone is able to submit a web page, there is no guarantee that a certain page will be included. Some directories charge for submission, which is basically a rip-off.

Some crawlers maintain an associated directory. If your site is in the directory, the ranking of your web site normally will be higher, as it is already pre-classified. Many directories work with crawlers together, in order to deliver results, when nothing can be found in the directory.

Meta search engines do not have a database with URLs and descriptions. Instead they have a database of search engines. If you enter your keywords into a meta search engine it will send out requests to all the directories and crawlers it has stored in its database. The meta search engines with a more sophisticated application in the background are able to detect double URLs which come back from the various search engines and present only a single URL to the customer.

34. Crawler is a kind of__________.

A. worm

B. search engine

C. service

D. directory

35. The disadvantage of Crawler is that it__________.

A. provides a complete database

B. takes too much time to find the needed information

C. provides too much useless information

D. gives response to every quest

36. Who can input information to the web directories?

A. Only webmasters.

B. Both directory maintainers and webmasters.

C. Any one who wants to announce a web page.

D. Any one who has found a new web page.

Passage 3

In what seems like the prehistoric times of computer history; the earth’s postwar era, there was quite a widespread rumor that computers would take over the world from man one day. Already today, less than fifty years later, as computers are relieving us of more and more of the routine tasks in business and in our personal lives, we are faced with a less dramatic but not less foreseen problem. People tend to be over-trusting of computers and are reluctant to challenge their authority. Indeed, they behave as if they were hardly aware that wrong buttons may be pushed, or that a computer may simply malfunction.

Obviously, there would be no point in investing in a computer if you had to check all its answers, but people should also rely on their own internal computers and check the machine when they have the feeling that something has gone wrong.

Questioning and routine double-checks must continue to be as much a part of good business as they were in pre-computer days. Maybe each computer should come with the warning: for all the help this computer may provide, it should not be seen as a substitute for fundamental thinking and reasoning skills.

37. According to the passage, the author would probably disapprove of__________.

A. investment in computers

B. complete dependence on computers

C. double-check on computers

D. the use of computer

38. In the author’s opinion, people should__________.

A. be reasonably doubtful about computers

B. use computers for business purposes only

C. substitute computers for basic thinking

D. check all their answers when using computers

39. What is suggested in this passage?

A. Computer won’t change our personal lives.

B. Computer can create unforeseen problems.

C. Computer has taken control of the world.

D. Computer cannot affect our businesses.

40. What is the main purpose of this passage?

A. To look back to the early days of computers.

B. To explain what technical problems may occur with computers.

C. To discourage investment in computers.

D. To warn against a mentally lazy attitude towards computers.

四、单词汉译英（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）

根据给出的汉语词义和规定的词类写出相应的英语单词。

41. 收入；岁入n. r_______________

42. 闯入；侵扰v. i_______________

43. 承担责任的adj. r_______________

44. 繁荣n. p_______________

45. 证实，确认v. c_______________

46. 持续的adj. c_______________

47. 按顾客要求制做v. c_______________

48. 交易；事务；处理n. t_______________

49. 发票；发货单n. i_______________

50. 视力；洞察力n. v_______________

51. 流行；货币n. c_______________

52. 必要的；基本的adj.要素，要点n. e_______________

53. 领土；领域，范围n. d_______________

54. 预言，预报n . p_______________

55. 口令；密码n. p_______________

五、单词英译汉（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）

给出下列单词或术语的汉语意思。

56. financial transaction

57. tangible benefit

58. market share

59. discounted price

60. product return

61. sale tax

62. algorithm

63. credit card

64. database integration

65. node

66. review and approval process

67. domain name

68. create an account

69. in vain

70. smart cards

六、英译汉（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）

(71) Even as exchanges emerge to enable rich interaction among companies, businesses are looking forward to the Internet to enable the adoption of truly dynamic pricing . One solution is emerging in the form of bots, software that serves as an agent acting on behalf of a specific user or application. Advancing bot technology enables dynamic, automated, real-time interaction between buyers and sellers, allowing sellers to capture the true value of their goods in the market. (72 ) The implications for businesses are vital, since this emerging technology may change how companies sell their goods. Ramifications companies need to take steps to address include:

·Disintermediation of individual auction environments through bots that allow buyers to automatically poll multiple auction services and fixed-price channels to garner advantageous terms;

·(73) Development of exchanges that aggregate the information harvested by bots in order to reduce transaction costs and eliminate concerns of fraud; and

·(74) The emergence of the bot-aggregator exchange as a primary sales channel, which employs rules to enable transactions.

(75) The bot future is not yet certain. For example, providers must find ways to reduce per-transaction costs before widespread adoption can occur. But the powerful connectivity of the Internet is rapidly evolving the buyer/seller relationship. With bot technology advancing quickly, companies should prepare for a future priced for demand.

七、汉译英（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）

用括号内给出的词，把下列汉语句子翻译成英语。

76. 你评定一种酒的好坏时用什么标准?(criteria)

77. 她有能力做这项工作。(ability)

78. 这件工作我不满意。(satisfy)

79. 勿受坏榜样的影响。（influence）

80. 它很便宜，但在另一方面，质量很差。(on the other hand )

2005年10月自考电子商务英语试卷参考答案

一、l．C 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．D 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．D l0．D

ll．A l2．A l3．B l4．D l5．A 16．D l7．B l8．A l9．D 20．C

二、21．A 22．C 23．C 24．C 25．D 26．D 27．C 28．C 29．D 30．D

三、31．D 32．D 33．C 34．C 35．C 36．B 37．B 38．A 39．B 40．D

四、41．revenue 42．Intrude 43．Responsible 44．prosperity 45．confirm 46．Consistent 47．Customize 48．transaction 49．invoice 50．vision

51．Currency 52．essential 53．Domain 54．predict 55．password

五、56．财务往来 57．有形利益 58．市场份额 59．折扣价格

60．产品回转 61．销售税 62．算法 63.信用卡

64．数据库集成 65．节点 66．检查批准流程 67．域名

68．建立账户 69．徒劳 70．智能卡，智能插件，灵便卡

六、

71．正当信息交换技术的出现使得企业间极富价值的相互作用成为可能之时，各企业正期

待着因特网将真正有活力的定价方式变为可能。

72．这一切对公司而言是至关重要的，因为这一技术的出现可能会转变企业的销售模式。73．将自动程序收集的用于降低交易成本和杜绝欺诈行为的信息进行集成的交换技术的开

发。

74．信息自动收集和交换技术作为一种首要的销售渠道而出现，它将应用各种规则从而使

各类交易成为可能。

75．自动程序的未来并未明朗，例如，在广泛应用这一程序之前，程序供应商必须找到各

种降低单笔交易成本的途径。

七、

76．What criteria do you use to judge a good wine?

77．She had the ability to do the work．

78．This work does not satisfy me.

79．Don’t be influenced by bad examples．

80．It’s cheap，but On the other hand，the quality is poor．

2009年1月电子商务英语试题

2009年1月电子商务英语试题 课程代码：00888 请将答案填在答题纸相应的位置上 一、词汇和语法（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分） 根据句子的意思选择一个正确的答案，错选、多选或未选均无分。 1. Roscae said that he had never had to contend with any girl as fat as _________. A. her B. hers C. she D. herself 2. Many scientists believe that oil was formed in the earth _________ years ago. A. million B. millions C. million of D. millions of 3. The officer _________ his orders to the men by radio. A. reported B. transmitted C. communicated D. exchanged 4. He’s never again written _________ as his first one. A. a such good book B. a so good book C. so good a book D. such good a book 5. It wasn’t long _________ he found a job. A. until B. before C. since D. after 6. There are _________ benefits in the new system. A. concise B. tangible C. precise D. metal 7. Was it during the Second World War _________ he died? A. that B. while C. in which D. then 8. I _________ to come over to see you, but someone called and I couldn’t get away. A. intended B. would intend C. had intended D. has intended 9. He _________ to be a liar but a fool. A. thinks B. thinking C. thought D. was thought 10. He said he wouldn’t mind _________ at home. A. leaving alone B. being left alone C. to be left lonely D. to leave alone 11. He has an unusual _________ of life. A. conception B. look C. philosophy D. science 12. Professor Tate _________ about him. A. heard the students to talk B. heard the talk by the students C. heard the students talking D. heard the students talk 13. Before we commence again, let me give you a word or two of advice, _________? A. will you B. shall I C. don’t I D. won’t you

汇编电子商务英语期终复习资料

《新编电子商务英语》期终复习参考资料 Unit 1 E-Business Basics I. Questions:p.2 1.What is the difference between e-Commerce and e-Business? Electronic commerce, B2C, or e-Commerce refers to online sales. Electronic business or e-Business, on the other hand, refers to more than just selling online. 2.What can you do by using the Internet? Collect vital business information related to your costumers and competitors; Increase awareness about your company; Streamline communication and improve customer service; . Improve productivity and reduce costs; and Sell your products on line. 3. What are the common ways to get started using e-Business? Make your mark on the web; Leverage email; Embrace e-procurement; and Investigate e-Commerce. II. Exercises:p.2 Translate the following into Chinese: 1.When searching information on line, the user can then either start browsing the website listed, or can narrow the results further by searching within those results for another keyword. 使用者在线搜索信息时，可先开始浏览经初步搜索后罗列出的网站，也可再用一个关键词将此结果进一步搜索以缩小浏览范围。 2.Out-of-pocket costs can be reduced further by implementing a readily updatable website, instead of printed materials that have a short shelf-life, to relay pertinent information to your customer base. 建设一个便于更新的网站来取代使用周期短暂的印刷型资料，以便将相关信息持续不断地传送给您的客房群，则成本费用可进一步减少。 3.Today’s Internet is a powerful way for business to communicate with their

自考-电子商务英语-语句翻译大全

1.他已成为各种贸易和商务的强有力的手段It has become a powerful medium and business transactions of all kinds 2.电子贸易指网上财务往来电子商务则指有形式的网上 交易E-commerce refers to financial transactions over the Web and e-business refers to all forms of transactions over the Wed 3.客户服务已经是并将继续是一个主要的竞争因素 Customer service has been and continues to be a major competitive factor 4.电子商务的交易通常涉及几个互动的步骤E-business transactions often involve several interactive steps 5.那将给你以极大的竞争优势That will give you a serious advantage over your competition 6.当你的公司电子商务化后，你与客户之间的关系就改 变了When you become an e-business you transform your relationship with your customers 7.客户关系管理在你的商务程序中起决定作用Your most critical business process is customer relationship management 8.我们必须尽最大可能的利用我们已有的资源We must make the best possible use of the resources we have 9.男孩子们依次被召入会见考官The boys were summoned in turn to see the examiner 10.他做一切事情都不考虑后果He does everything regardless of the consequences 11.这部分我们讨论企业的产品和服务以及行业和因特网 的信息In this section we discuss the firm’s product or service along with information about the industry and internet 12.客户将能够舒舒服服的在家里享用信息，产品和服务 Customers will be able to consume information product and service from the comfort of the homes 13.在因特网上可以直接得到信息产品和服务，这就省掉 了中间商，还会引起经济萎缩The internet allows direct access to information product and service which cuts out middlemen and causes economic deflation 14.投资于该计划的机构在审核该商务计划时会有兴趣了 解公司任何在竞争中取胜Institutions financing the project which going through the business plan will be very interested in knowing how the company is going to beat the competition 15.该计划应对如何达到目标市场做出描述The plan should describe how the target markets are to be reached 16.如果产品是在因特网上提供的无形信息就应该创造某 种定价模式来调节价格If the product is intangible information delivered over the internet one should try to create some sort of pricing model to justify its prices 17.网站最初将包含哪些特点及未来的扩展计划是怎样的 What features will be incorporated in the site initially and what are the plans for future enhancement or expansion 18.你必须有计划的安排这些步骤以便将你的提议变成现 实You must lay out the steps to make your proposal a reality 19.务必打个电话让我们知道你已安全的回家Be sure to ring and let us know you’ve got back safely 20.这家旅馆可以为80位客人提供住宿，此外还有几个可 供客人自己开火的套间The hotel itself can accommodate 80 guests and in addition there are several self-catering apartments 21.需要12个月来实施的战略也不可能成功 A strategy that requires more than 12 months to execute is also unlikely to succeed 22.当一个企业准备建立电子商务时他应该考虑清楚实现 其战略目标的其他可选择的途径When preparing to establish an e-business presence enterprises should explicitly consider alternative ways to attain the strategic objectives 23.我们要在出发前把一切规划好We should get everything planned out before our departure 24.正如把电子商务战略融入整体电子商务战略中是重要 的一样，把商务评价系统融入进来也同样重要Just as it is important to integrate the e-business strategy into the overall business strategy it is equally important to integrate business model 25.那样，最好的途径可能是开发新的潜能，改善现存的 商业过程去实施新的商业模式In such instances the best approach may be to build new capabilities and transform existing business processes to implement a new business model 26.评价一个人要充分考虑他的成绩We should take full account of his achievements while evaluating someone 27.有时可以创立一个内在电子商务单位，然后把这单位 分割出去成为独立的法人In some cases it may be desirable to create an internal e-business unit and then spin off the unit as a separate legal entity 28.这一前景理论上可行但实际上吹嘘过度While possible in theory the promise was clearly oversold 29.这当然是重要的，但是董事会层面却远远不能理解 While that is certainly important the understanding needed at the board level goes well beyond that 30.为了获得市场份额，他们必须竭尽全力To gain market share they will go to great lengths 31.然而，他解释说，设立两种对立的定价系统在某些时 候可能导致不良企图的滋生However he explains that setting up two separate pricing systems is likely to generate ill will at some point 32.守住承诺适用于客服务过程的每一步Following through on your promises applies to every step of the customer-service process 33.这就解释了顾客通过同类比较发现的任何差别This will account for any differential a customer uncovers using an apples-to-apples comparison 34.我们要事先准备所有申请材料We must have all the application materials prepared in advance 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44.预测存货需求最初对这个公司来说是件棘手的事情， 但公司仅仅用了几个月时间就在网上找到了销售和存 货的感觉Predicting inventory needs was tricky for the company at first though it only took it a few months online to develop a sense of sales and inventory 45.现在，这家公司在刚刚建立自己的网站之后，正在寻 求在其他玩具制造商曾经失败过的网上玩具商务中取 得成功Now with its newly launched Wed site the company ia looking to succeed in the online toy business where others have failed 46.网络圣杯是导致实际良好利润的专利内容The Holy Grail on the internet is proprietary content that leads to really good margins 47.在求学的道路上，我们准备克服很多的困难On the way of study we must be ready to grapple with many difficulties 48.至于在竞争中保持领先地位的问题，我们公司以产品 挑选余地大和有两的服务和信息而引人注意When it comes to staying ahead of the competition our company distinguishes itself through a broad product selection and excellent service and information 49.网络是一个及时的媒体，它让人为之兴奋，因为他迫 使我们保证尽快送货The internet is a very timely medium which is exciting because it puts pressure on us to make sure we’re delivering as quickly

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电子商务英语作文公司内部编号：（GOOD-TMMT-MMUT-UUPTY-UUYY-DTTI-

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While most materials either insulate from electrical flow(air, glass, wood)or conduct electricity readily (metals, water), there are some that only conduct electricity a small amount, or only under certain conditions. These are called semiconductors. The most commonly used semiconductor is of course silicon. 汉：制造集成电路需要使用一类特殊材料。多数材料要么对电流绝缘（如空气、玻璃、木头），要么很容易传导电流(如金属、水溶液)，但也有一些材料只能传导少量电流、或只在特定条件下传导电流——这种材料被称作“半导体”。硅是最常用的半导体材料。 2)ROMs are also called mask —ROMs or mask programmed ROMs. This is because a ROM needs to be programmed by setting its cells to either to either 0 or 1 at the time of line. This aluminium pattern is defined by a lithographic mask used in one of the last steps of manufacture. Therefore these devices are often called mask-ROMs. ROM也叫“掩模ROM”或“掩模编程ROM”。这是因为在制造ROM时，就需要通过存储单元置“0”或置“1”来进行编程。通常，“0”或“1”就是铝线的“有”和“无”。在制造芯片的最后一道工序中，铝层图案是由一块掩模平板决定的。所以，该类期间常被称作掩模ROM。 3) More transistors also allow for a technology called pipelining. In a pipelining. Architecture, instruction execution overlaps. So even though it might make take five clock cycles to execute each instruction, there can be five instructions in various stages of execution simultaneously That way it looks like one instruction completes every clock cycle. 有了更多的晶体管，就可以使用流水线技术。在流水线结构中，指令的执行是重叠的。尽管执行每条指令可能需要5个周期，却可以在不同阶段同时执行5条指令。这样看上去好像每个周期都能完成一条指令。 4）Many attempts had made to make a stable amplifier, but temperature changes and power supply voltage extremes experienced on phone lines caused uncontrollable gain drift. Passive components had much better drift characteristics than active components had, thus if an amplifier's gain could be made dependent on passive components, the problem would be solved. During one of his ferry trips, Harry's fertile brain conceived a novel solution for the amplifier problem and he documented the solution while riding on the ferry. 为了制造出稳定的放大器，哈利已经进行了多次尝试；但是，温度变化和电话线上出现的供电电压极限使得增益漂移无法控制。无源器件的漂移特性比有源器件好得多；加入能使得放大器增益仅由无源器件决定的话，那么这个问题就会解决。在乘渡船上下班的途中，哈利构思除了一个新颖的、解决放大器问题的办法，并在途中将它记录下来。 5）So far, we have related the mathematical transfer functions of some simple circuits to their associated poles and zeroes in the complex-frequency plane. From these functions, we have derived the circuit's frequency response(and hence its Bode plot)and also its transient response. Because both the integrator and the RC filter have only one s in the denominator of their transfer functions, they each have only one pole. That is, they are first-order filters. 到目前为止，我们已经阐述了几个简单的电路的数学传递函数与其福频率平面上的极、零点之间的关系。从这些函数中，我们可以推导出电路的频率响应（继而可以得到伯德图）及其瞬态响应。在积分器和RC滤波器个子的传递函数中，分母中都只有一个s，所以它们只有一个极点。也就是说，它们都属于一阶滤波器。 6) In fact, there are many tens of ADC methods in use, Successive Approximation, Multipass Interpolating, Subranging, Bit-Per-Stage, to name but a few of the flavors, each potentially having some benefit in performance over its rivals. Luckily, it is not usually necessary to understand how the ADC works in order to make the correct choice of converter for the application. Instead, careful study of the performance speciflications on the data sheet will determine the best choice for your application; 目前，在实际中使用的模数转换方法有几十种之多。常见的方法有逐次逼近法、多通道法、插值法、子区法和逐位处理法。每种方法都具备一些其他方法不具备的潜在优势。幸运的是，在选在ADC器件时，用户一般不需要理解其工作原理。只要用心研究一下数据手册上提供的性能指标，就可以做出最佳选择。 7）The switching regulator operates the power devices in the full-on and cutoff states. This then results in either large currents being passed through the power devices with a low “on” voltage or no current flowing with high voltage across the device. This results in a much lower power being dissipated within the supply. The average switching power supply exhibits efficiencies of between 70 to 90 percent, regardless of the input voltage. 开关电源中的功率器件工作在“全开”和“截断”状态。这样，要么在大电流流经功率器件时，导通电压很低；要么在大电压时，没有电流经过器件。因此，电源内部消耗的功率就很少。开关电源的平均功率为%70~%90，而且和输入电压无关。 8） A Clock Buffer is a device in which the output waveform directly follows the input waveform. The input waveform propagates through the device and is redriven by the output buffers. Hence, such devices have a propagation delay associated with them. 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