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2017年高中英语阅读理解解题技巧(重要)概要1讲解

2017年高中英语阅读理解解题技巧

新的高中英语教学大纲明确规定："侧重提高阅读能力"。纵观近几年的高考英语试题，我们不难看出，阅读理解能力是高考考查的重点，自始至终占着主导地位，并且有逐年增加的趋势。可以毫不夸张地说，做好阅读理解题，是获得高考英语高分的关键！阅读理解能力属于语言的领会技能。包括对书面语言的识别、理解、推理、判断和快速记忆等几个方面。

阅读理解不仅仅涉及到语音、语法、词汇这些语言因素，还涉及到非语言因素，即：阅读者对所学语言国家的社会和化背景知识的掌握、对所读材料内容的熟悉、个人经历、生活常识、逻辑知识和语言修养等各方面。历年高考试题阅读理解命题特点和规律如下：

1.语篇选材多为时文，题材多样化，信息丰富；

选材多源于英文报刊和网络媒体，包括名人轶事、历史传说、民间故事、寓言、幽默小品、日常生活、新闻报道、社会背景、政治经济、史地常识、科普文章等各个方面的知识，并且具有鲜明的英语语言文化特点和浓厚的时代气息。阅读材料可以是叙述、描写、应用、说明、议论等文体皆备。

2.语篇的字数明显增加，对学生的阅读速度要求高；

阅读理解的词汇量保持在3500个左右，读速大约每分钟60-70个单词。也就是说高考中的每篇文章要在6-8分钟完成。

3.增加了生词量，提高了猜词能力；

高考的文章大约有3％左右的生词，须根据上下文或整篇文章才能做出推断。同时也检测考生利用构词法知识猜测词义的能力。

4.试题设计精巧，干扰项编制水平高；

阅读理解的能力要求，主要是通过短文后面的多项选择题进行检测的。总体说来，其能力要求主要包括如下几方面：

1．读材料的主旨和大意，以及用以说明主旨和大意的事实和细节（包括根据上下文推断生词的词义）;

2．既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念;

3．既理解字面的意思，也理解深层的含义，包括作者的态度，意图等;

4．既理解某句，某段的含义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理和判断;

5．既能根据所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应有的常识去理解。

根据这五项要求，我们可将阅读理解的选择题归纳为以下几种题型：

1.细节理解题；

2.主旨大意题；

3.猜测词义题；

4.推理判断题。

下面作者结合平时教学中的经验体会，谈一谈做英语阅读理解题的技巧与策略。阅读短文应遵循由整体到细节的原则，按“全文、段落、句子、词语”的步骤阅读文章。可采用速读、细读和复读的方法找到最佳答案。

阅读理解的考题分为客观理解题(是指在短文中客观存在的事实，客观信息的答案一般都可以在原文中找到。即理解文中的具体事实或抽象概念)和主观理解题(这类问题都不可能直接从原文中找到答案，须通过阅读文章对文章主旨和深层含义有更深理解，并据此进行判断和推理)。其中细节理解题和猜测词义题属于客观题；主旨大意题和推理判断题属于主观题。

针对不同类型的题目，要在平时的练习过程中，结合具体的题目，给学生进行解题方法的指导和讲解。对于客观题，要提醒他们阅读时关注文章的细节，如时间，地点或一些具体数字，在选择答案时，务必从原文中找到确切的依据。

我们可将阅读理解归纳为以下四大题型，根据阅读理解题考查角度的不同，可采用不同的解题技巧来应付。

Ⅰ.事实细节题

属于细节类型的阅读理解题一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。此类题型一般分两种。第一种是直接理解题，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生义。这类题型的主要提问方式常为：

①Which of the following is true/NOT true in the passage?

②Which of the following statements is NOT discussed/mentioned in the passage?

③Which is the right order of the events given in the passage?

④All the following statements are NOT true except .

细节题的破解一般采用寻读法，即先看试题，再读文章。对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率，节省了宝贵的时间。

寻读法还特别适用于对图形表格类题材的理解。做此类型的题目还要特别注意句子的逻辑关系。英语中有许多功能词，如：表因果关系的because, since, as等；表转折关系的but, however ,on the contrary, on the other hand等等。

Ⅱ.猜测词义题

在高考阅读题中，考生遇到的最大障碍往往有两个：一是被已认识的单词的某一熟知含义所误导；二是被完全不认识的单词的意思所阻碍，从而出现理解偏差或理解困难，影响阅读的速度。其实解决这两个困难的一个重要法宝是考生在心目中树立起上下文观念，要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。在阅读解题时要注意从以下七个方面着手：

1）根据定义或解释、说明猜测生词的词义

在be，be called，call等判断词出现的判断句中，或定语从句及标点符号，可以根据已知部分，猜测生词的含义。例如：The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.通过理解定语从句的意思，能猜出herdsman是“牧人”。

2）根据对比关系猜测生词的词义

在but，however，yet，otherwise，though这些表示意义转折的连词出现的句子中，其前后的词有明显的对比关系，根据已知的内容，通过这种对比关系，就很容易猜出生词的词义了。例如：Though Tom’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains g rubby. 和clean意思相对的便是“肮脏的”了，因此可猜出句中grubby的意思是“肮脏的”

3）通过因果关系猜测词义

because, since与as是连接原因状语从句的从属连词，so是连接表示结果的状语从句的连词，so...that与such...that中的that是连接结果状语从句的。当这些信息词出现在有生词的句子中，通过因果关系，依据已知部分就能猜出生词的词义。例如：She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long. 根据because从句所讲的意思，我们就可推测trim就是“修剪”之意。

4）根据生活常识猜测词义

运用逻辑推理能力，自身的生活经验及生活常识。再联系上下文能读懂的部分，可以正确猜出词义。例如：Most of the roses are beginning to wither because of the cold. 根据句子意思及生活经验，wither表示“枯萎”。

5）根据同等关系猜测词义

同等关系，指的是一个词，一组词或短语在句中作同一成分，而且它们的词义都属于同一范畴。明显的标志是，这样的词组或短语中间常常用并列连词and或or来连接。例如：At forty-two he was in his prime and always full of energy. 从“年龄42岁”以及与prime具有同等关系的full of energy可以猜出prime的意思是“盛年时期”。

6）根据列举的事例猜测词义

You can take any of the periodicals: “The World of English”. “Foreign Language Teaching in Schools”, or “English Learning”. 从后面列举的例子中，可以猜出periodical是“期刊，杂志”的意思。

7）根据构词法知识猜测词义

根据学过的构词法知识，知道词根和前缀或后缀的意义，就可猜出由它们组成的新词词义。例如在2006年福建的高考题文章中有这样一句：

The schools are reluctant to take off — even teachers with tickets for the England-Argentina game had trouble getting the day off.

kind B. unwilling C. free D. careless

通过破折号可知正确答案为B.

Ⅲ.推理判断题

做这类题要求考生在阅读理解整体语篇的同时，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。不要主观臆断，凭空想象，任意发挥，而走入误区。

学生要学会运用主题句去推测、揣摩文字背后作者的意图，运用归纳、对比、演绎技能，运用背景知识去挖掘文章深层含义，从而正确理解作者的言外之意，同时认真体会文章的语气与感情基调(如：否定、厌恶、反问、讽刺等)。这类试题常以如下句式发问：

①What can you conclude/ imply from this passage?

②What’s the author’s attitude（态度）towards...?

③We can infer /learn from the passage that...

如：Once there was something wrong with a machine in a factory. The workers could do nothing but turn to a German engineer for help, who drew a line on it and said, “Take off the part where the line is and change it for a new one. ”The machine, with a new line on, began running well again. The engineer then asked for $ 30,000 for what he had done. The following were what he wrote on a bill, “The new part only costs one dollar, and knowing where the problem with the machine is costs $ 29,999.”

Q: What can you conclude from this passage?

A. the engineer asked for too much money

B. the workers should pay the money

C. the knowledge is worth money

D. the new part could cost more

这篇短文是作者讲的一个故事，那么通过这个故事我们可以判断出什么呢？虽然作者没有言明，但是我们可以断定，发现问题的所在需要智慧和知识，知识是创造价值的源泉，因此此题的正确答案应为C。

Ⅳ.主旨大意题

这种题型要求考生能够把握文章的总体，并真正理解主题和中心；要求能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法解题，难度较大，属于高层次题。一般主旨大意题可以分为两类：

1．确定文章的标题和主题(title or topic)

标题位于文章之首，用来高度概括文章内容，点明文章主题。它可以是单词，短语，也可以是句子。要确定文章标题，首先，要在阅读原文的基础上，考虑标题是否与主题密切相关；其次，看标题是否能概括全文内容。不能只概括短文中的某些事实或细节；然后，要注意标题范围不应太大或太小；最后，标题应简练并能吸引读者。即:1、独特新颖2、概括性强3、短小精炼。

常见的标题型题干：

1) The best title/ headline for this passage might be________.

2) The text (passage) could be entitled ______.

3) What is the best title for the passage?

4) What’s the topic of the article?

如：In the 1930s, a lot of people in the USA were out of work. Among these people was a man named Alfred Butts. He always had an interest in word games and to fill his time he planned a game which he called “Lexico”. However, he was not completely satisfied with the game, so he made a number of changes to it an d changed its name from “ Lexico” to “Alph” and then to “Criss Cross”. He wanted to make some money from his new game but he didn’t have any real commercial(商业性的)success.

Q: The text is mainly about________.

A. Lexico

B. Three men C . A word game D. Alfred Butts.

【解题思路】答案A 和C以偏概全。因此此题的正确答案应为D。

2. 主题句（topic sentence）及主旨大意(main idea)的概括

一篇文章一般表达一个中心内容或主题。这个中心内容或主题通常用一个句子来概括。此句叫做主题句。一般来说，说明文和议论文都有主题句，而且多位于文章的开头，有时也位于文章的中间或末尾。

但有时不能在文中直接找到主题句，要求读者把握每段的主题句，弄清段于段之间逻辑关系的基础上自己归纳总结。主题句必须能简洁明了地概括全文的主要内容，具有高度的综合性和概括性。文章或段落的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步解释,说明,论证或扩展.

常见的主题句和主旨型题干：

1) What is the topic sentence of the passage?

2) This article/text/passage mainly tells that _____________.

3) Which of the following gives a general idea of the passage?

4) Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?

如：Joshua Bingham studied 4 years at the University of Paris and decided to leave his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida.

Q: What is the main idea of the passage?＿＿＿＿

A. How Joshua Bingham became a lawyer.

B. Bingham is a diligent student.

C. Joshua Bingham received an excellent education.

D. A good lawyer needs good education.

【解题思路】此文没有主题句。全篇共四句，只陈述了四个细节(detail)性的事实。因此就答案本身看，个个都对。读者只能将所有的details综合起来，进行逻辑推理，才能构成一个没有言明的主题思想(unstated main idea)。由于文中主要涉及了Joshua Bingham接受教育的情况，即作者想告诉我们的是：Joshua Bingham接受过良好的教育，所以答案是Ｃ。

总之，阅读水平的提高不是一两天的阅读就可以见效的。想要提高阅读能力，一是要培养良好的阅读行为习惯；如：要用眼光看，不要用手指去点；要默读，不要小声读。二是要积累大量的词汇，把阅读中的高频难词熟记，每次阅读后要整理好生词，然后记住其意思。三是要广泛地做课后阅读，坚持每天读1-2篇文章。四是不要一遇到生词就查字典，要先猜其意义，等做完题目后再查字典，以免影响阅读速度。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。(略读)

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力。考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

抓主题句是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。主题句一般出现在文章的开头和结尾。主题句往往对全文起提示、启迪、概括、归纳之作用，主旨大意题，归纳概括题，中心思想题往往直接可从主题句中找到答案。

试试看，你能找出下面一段文章的主题句吗？

The panda is a popular animal. Stories about the panda in the Washington Zoo are always front page news and important features on television newscasts. Stuffed pandas are among the most popular toys for children, and panda postcards are always in demand in zoo gift shops.

不难看出，文章的第一句是主题句，后面的句子都围绕这个句子展开。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer, imply, suggest, indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

a. 定义法

It will be very hard but also very brittle...that is, it will break easily.

从后面的解释中我们可以了解到brittle 是“脆”的意思。

b. 同位法

They traveled a long way, at last got to a castle, a large building in old times.

同位语部分a large building in old times 给出了castle 的确切词义，即“城堡”。

c. 对比法

She is usually prompt for all her class, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class. but 一词表转折，因此but 前后的意思正相反。后半句的意思是她今天“第一节上了一半才来”，因此反向推理，可得出她平时一向“准时”的结论。

d. 构词法(前缀、后缀、复合、派生等)

Perhaps, we can see some possibilities for next fifty years.

possibility 是possible 的同根名词，据此可以断定possibility 意思是“可能性”。

e. 因果法

The lack of movement caused the muscles to weaken. Sometimes the weakness was permanent. So the player could never play the sport again.

从后面的结果“永远不能再运动”中，可以推测permanent 的意思为“永远的，永久的”。

五、养成良好阅读习惯，潜移默化结硕果。

良好的阅读习惯：

1. 养成默读习惯，使注意力集中的文字符号上，纠正唇读，心读，喉读等做法，以免分散精力，影响阅读速度。

2. 克服指读、回视、重读等不良习惯，因为这样容易使理解只停留在某个词或句子上，使获得的信息支离破碎。要善于抓住句子中的核心词，从一个句子快速地扫视到另一个句子，进行连贯性理解。

英语阅读能力的培养是一个渐进的复杂过程，要养成每天阅读英语的习惯，循序渐进，持之以恒，精泛结合，广泛猎奇。在潜移默化中你会感觉到你的阅读能力又有了长足的提高。

2016年高考英语写作指导

高考英语写作紧扣教学大纲对考生书面表达的要求, 以有指导的写作为主，突出试题的交际性，考查考生在特定的情景中运用语言的能力；所选话题贴近学生学习生活，为学生所熟悉；看图作文主要考查考生运用所学知识解决实际问题的能力。而考生若想提高应掌握一些基本技巧。

一、认真审题，把握体裁

纵览历年高考中的英语书面表达，多为应用性写作，其体裁各异。答题时应仔细观察，细心领会，把握相应体裁要求，使用正确的时态，准确反映表达内容。

二、抓准信息，组织要点

准确把握考题各方面的信息，就能为语言表达提供正确而全面的信息依据，倘若信息不清、不准，书写出的东西就会文不对题，劳而无功。必要的信息若有遗漏，就无法达到正确交际的目的。

三、选词组句，就易避难

在体裁明确、信息全面、要点清晰的前提下，避开偏、怪、难词，选用自己最熟悉、最有把握的词语和句型将要点完整流畅地用英语表达出来。这要求考生要有变通能力。另外，不要拘泥于原材料进行"硬"译，而要灵活表达，有时还需拐弯抹角地表达。同时注意克服母语的逆向干扰，按照英语的习惯表达形式，用地道的英语习惯用语将要点以句子形式准确地表达出来。

四、连句成篇，行文连贯

句子是由词汇组成的，而文章则是由句子组成的。遣词造句要按照语法和习惯表达，组句成篇也要按照篇章结构，选择适当的并列、递进、因果、转折、条件等意义的连词把所有表示要点的句子连接成文，使句与句、段与段之间意思连贯，结构衔接，生动、准确地表达考题内容。同时注意克服英语句子结构的单调性，要根据表达需要而注意变换句式，这样才能增强语句的表现力。切忌只按考题信息或线索提示，不切实际、不顾英语习惯表达的方式逐条译出，这样就会造成文理不通、语无伦次。只有语言地道、层次清楚、结构合理，才能文通语顺、层次分明。

五、言简意赅，注意词数

NMET书面表达评分原则规定：词数少于80和多于120的，从总分中均减去2分。因此，考生在书写时应特别注意避免“两极分化”，既不可少于80个词，也不可多于120个词，最好是100个单词左右。在书写过程中尽量使用能表现自己实力的词汇和语法结构，避免语言错误，真正做到语言地道、言简意赅，把词数控制在最佳范围内。

六、仔细核对，查漏补缺

在写书面表达时，有些考生往往把注意力集中在表达上而忽视了书面质量，再加上匆忙或粗心，难免有些书写中的“走笔”之误，诸如字母的大小写，单词的误写、多写、少写，习语的搭配，时态、语态、主谓一致，标点符号及母语的干扰等问题，需要考生在定稿前认真检查，力争要点的完整和句子的正确。

七、规范誊写，卷面整洁

书面表达是NMET中的主观性题目，评分虽有严格的标准和档次，但也带有弹性，这是一个主观上难以完全解决的客观问题。倘若书写马虎潦草或涂改乱擦，给阅卷者留下不好印象，得分往往会低于所写材料的应得分。因此，考生要尽量先打草稿，修改后再严格按照四线三格认真誊写，做到字母、单词的书写大小适中、均匀。一方面，要左右成行，整齐划一。另一方面，要上下对齐，首尾呼应。只有书写规范，字迹清晰、卷面整洁，才能使书面表达“锦上添花”、高人一筹。

总之，只有了解NMET书面表达评分原则和要求，熟练掌握其应试技巧，我们才能有的放矢地进行书写训练，也才能在规定时间内根据试题信息要求，使书面表达要点齐全、内容完整、格式准确、文通语顺、书写规范、卷面整洁。当然，要切实做好NMET书面表达，还特别需要注意平时知识的积累，要多读、多写、多记句型并掌握词汇的用法。只要具备了一定的语言基础知识，了解书面表达评分原则和评分要求，再加上对书面表达材料进行强化训练，相信你在考试中一定会马到成功。

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记叙文类作者：巩穹（I）★★ Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821, and moved to New York City when she was ten years old. One day she decided that she wanted to become a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century. After writing many letters asking for admission(录取) to medical schools, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia. She was so determined that she taught school and gave music lessons to get money for the cost of schooling. In 1849, after graduation from medical school. she decided to further her education in Paris. She wanted to be a surgeon(外科医师) , but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea. Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children Besides being the first woman physician and founding her own hospital , she also set up the first medical school for women. 1. Why couldn't Elizabeth Blackwell realize her dream of becoming a surgeon? A. She couldn't get admitted to medical school B. She decided to further her education in Paris C. A serious eye problem stopped her D. It was difficult for her to start a practice in the United States 2. What main obstacle(障碍) almost destroyed Elizabeth's chances for becoming for a doctor? A. She was a woman. B. She wrote too many letters. C. She couldn't graduate from medical school. D. She couldn't set up her hospital. 3. How many years passed between her graduation from medical school and the opening of her hospital? A. Eight years B. Ten years C. Nineteen years D. Thirty-six years 4. According to the passage, all of the following are “firsts”in the life of Elizabeth Blacekwell except that she ______. A. became the first woman physician B. was the first woman doctor C. and several other women founded the first hospital for women and children D. set up the first medical school for women 5. Eilzabeth Blackwell spent most of her lift in _______. A. England B. Paris C. the United States D. New York City 1-5 CAABC （II）★★★ Europe is now the biggest market for organic food in the world, having grown by 25 percent a year over the past 10 years. Denmark's agriculture minister is herself an organic farmer.

英语阅读理解文章(作者)意图解题指导.pdf

英语阅读理解文章（作者）意图解题指导教学设计 I．设计思路《高中英语新课程标准》明确指出：“高中英语课程要有利于学生优化英语学习方法，使他们通过观察、体验、探究等积极主动的学习方法，充分发挥自己的学习潜能，形成有效的学习策略，提高自主学习的能力。” 高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求：要求考生读懂简易的英语文学作品、科普文章、公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章并回答相关问题。考生应能： 1、理解主旨要义； 2、理解文中具体信息； 3、根据上下文推断生词的词义； 4、作出简单判断和理解； 5、理解文章的基本结构； 6、理解作者的意图和态度； 7、根据所读，用恰当的词语补全文章提纲、概括关键内容或作要词词语转换。因此有关阅读理解题目主要有以下四种：主旨大意型事实细节型词义猜测型推理判断型让我们比较一下近两年江苏高考卷阅读理解题的分类题量。

2010年高考阅读理解推理判断题型中要求考生能把握文脉逻辑关系—句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系。推理判断题英语阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，而是要求阅读者根据字面意思，通过全篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义，这就是判断推理题。判断推理题在阅读测试中属于难题。判断推理是一种创造性的思维活动，但它并非无章可循。判断推理题要在阅读理解整体语篇的基础上，掌握文章的真正内涵。①要吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索，这是推理的前提和基础。②要对文字的表面信息进行挖掘加工，由表入里，由浅入深。从具体到抽象，从特殊到一般，通过分析、综合、判断等进行深层处理，符合逻辑地推理。不能就事论事，断章取义，以偏概全。③要忠于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据，立足已知，推断未知。立足现在，预测未来。不能主观臆想，凭空想象，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。④要把握句、段之间的逻辑关系，了解语篇的结构。要体会文章的基调，揣摸作者的态度，摸准逻辑发展的方向，悟出作者的弦外之音。推断题分类 1.推断隐含意义 2.推断作者观点或态度 3.推断写作目的 4.推断文章出处 5.推断文脉逻辑关系那么，该如何掌握对推断作者观点态度题以及写作目的题的理解呢？人物性格、态度及观点判断题：高考阅读测试中有些是考查对作者的主导思想、被描写人物语气、言谈话语中流露的情绪、性格倾向和作者或文中人物态度、观点等方面的理解题。做这一类题时一定要注意：由表及里的准确把握字里行间的意思，切勿用自己的主观想法或观点代替作者的思想观点；特别注意那些描写环境气氛的语言，以及表达感情、态度观点的词语。要特别注意作者在文章中的措词，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词；能结合自己平时积累的有关英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯等背景知识来识别评价。