中考英语专项复习教案(最新整理)

中考专项复习教案初三使用

初中英语时态与语态分析与归纳

Tiger

纵观现行的初中英语教材，无论是人教版、新目标、广州版等等，都没有脱离教学大纲的要求；对于时态和语态的要求是一致的。在初中阶段，学生必须了解和掌握八种时态，两种语态。只有很好地掌握好时态和语态，才能为进一步运用语言打下坚实的基础。下面，我们一起对此做一分析和归纳。

（一）时态

所谓时态，在英语中，就是通过动词的不同形式变化来表达不同时间内以不同的方式发生的动作或存在的状态。初中阶段要求掌握的时态如下表：

一般进行完成

时式

间

现在一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时

过去一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时

将来一般将来时不做要求不做要求

过去将来一般过去将来时不做要求不做要求

从上面的表格中，我们可以整体上把握时态的形式与结构；我们再具体分析如下：

I. 一般现在时

1．含义：一般现在时表示经常发生的动作或经常存在的状态、习惯或客观事实与真理。

2．基本结构：

主语（非第三人称单数）+ 动词原形 (be 例外)

e.g. I play tennis .

主语（第三人称单数）+动词第三人称单数形式

e.g. She doesn’t play tennis. The train leaves every morning at 8 a.m.

3．基本用法：

A) 表示现在经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。特征：常常与频度副词或时间状语连用如：always , usually , ever, never , often , sometimes , every day ( week , month etc ) 等等。

经典例析：

Peter often goes to his office by underground . “皮特常常坐地铁上班。”

Father doesn’t smoke . “父亲不吸烟。”

B) 表示不受时间限制的客观存在。所谓不受时间限制的客观存在即包括客观真理、格言、科学事实等等。注意：在宾语从句中，动词时态不变。

e.g. The sun rises in the east and sets in he west .“太阳东升西落。”

A rolling stone gathers no moss. “滚石不生苔”。

Our teacher said that the moon turns around the earth .

C) 表示主语的特征、性格、能力等等。

e.g.. John is an American .

She has brown hair .

4．特别提醒：

◆一般现在时表示将来时间：

1）某些瞬间动词如：begin , come , start , leave, arrive, go , come ,stop, return ,open , close 等等，强调事实的客观性或不可变更时，常常用一般现在时替代一般将来时。

e.g. The plane leaves at 7:30 .

Class begins at 8:00 every morning .

2）由if / when / as soon as / before等引导的条件状语从句或时间状语从句（动词时态用一般现在时），主句用一般将来时或祈使句，或者主句含有情态动词+（V原形）来表示将要发生的动作。

e.g. If the phone rings , can you answer it ?

Will you go and help to get in the crops when the harvest time comes ?

Work hard and you will succeed .

l 考点透析：近来的中考题加大了综合能力的考查，把几种时态糅合在一定的语境中或透过相应的句式结构来考查学生

l 解题对策：不能单一地从语法角度考虑，而应是结合语境，综合思考。

5．中考链接：

① They usually ______ TV in the evening . ( 北京 1999 )

A. watch

B. will watch

C. are watching

D. watches

② I’ll tell Mrs. Green about it as soon as she _____ back . ( 浙江 2000 )

A. will come

B. is coming

C. comes

D. came

③ --- Can you guess if they ____ to play basketball with us ?

--- I think they’ll come if they ___ free . ( 2001 辽宁 )

A. come ; are

B. will come ; will be

C. will come ; are

D. come ; will be

④ We will have to clean the plates before Mother ______ home . (2003 广东 )

A. will come

B. is coming

C. come

D. comes

⑤ We’re not sure if it _______ tomorrow . If it ______, we won’t climb the South Hill ( 2004 西宁市)

A. will snow ; snows

B. will snow ; will snow

C. snows ; snows

D. snows ; will snow

⑥ He said that light _____ much faster than sound . ( 沈阳 )

A. travelled

B. will travel

C. travels

D. is traveling

II. 一般过去时

1．基本结构：

主语 + 动词过去式（规则动词是在其后 + ed , 不规则动词变化要记住）

2．基本用法：

A) 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。特征：常常与频度副词连用如：always , usually 等等

B) 表示过去习惯性的动作，但现在已终止。用used to 来表示。

C) 表示在过去某一时间内的某个时刻或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。特征：常常与表示具体的过去时间状语连用如：yesterday, last week , just now , a week ago , in 1998, when she was 14 等等。

D) 特别提醒：

特殊句式：It is / has been + 时间名词 + since 从句（用一般过去式）

3．中考链接：

① Sorry , Miss Wang . I _____ the key to the door of the classroom at home. I have to go back for it ( 2001 黑龙江)

A. left

B. missed

C. forgot

D. lost

② It _____ ten years since they _____ to France . ( 2001 河北)

A. was; moved

B. was; have moved

C. is ; have moved

D. is; moved

③ --- I’m sorry , Mr Wang . I _____ my homework at home

--- That’s OK . But don’t forget _____ it to school tomorrow . ( 2004 安徽芜湖)

A. forgot ; to take

B. left ; to bring

C. forgot ; to bring

D. left ; to take

④ He used to _____ very late , but now he is used to _______ early . (2003 潍坊市)

A. get up ; getting up

B. get up ; get up

C. getting up ; get up

D. getting up ; getting up

III. 一般将来时

1．基本结构：

A. 主语 + will / shall + V原形（通常shall 用于第一人称）

B. 主语 + be going to + V原形（be 随着主语的变化，而对应变化）

2．基本用法：

1）表示在将来某个时间内要发生的动作或存在的状态。特征：常与表示将来的时间状语连用。如：tomorrow , next week ( month , year etc. ) from now on 等等。

e.g. My father will go to Beijing tomorrow .

3．特别提醒：

1） be going to + V 原形； will +V 原形在表示“将来”的区别。

A.表示说话人的计划、打算、或准备要做的事，常用be going to 结构表达。

e.g. He is going to spend his vacation in Hawaii .

We’re going to meet each other tonight at 7:00 PM.

B.表示根据现有的情况一种推测或预言将要发生的事情。常用be going to 结构表达。

e.g. Look at the cloud. It is going to rain .

2）在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时来表示将来。

e.g. I’ll give the note to him as soon as he comes back .

4．中考链接：

① --- Mike wants to know if _____ a picnic tomorrow .

--- Yes. But if it _______ , we’ll visit the museum instead . ( 2001 河北)

A. you have ; will rain

B. you will have ; will rain

C. you will have ; rains

D. will you have ; rains

② I don’t know if she _____ me when she ________________.(2000 黑龙江)

A. tells ; arrives

B. tells; will arrive

C. will tell ; will arrive

D. will tell ; arrives.

③ --- Do you know when the world cup _________ next week ?

--- Next Friday . When it ________, I will ring you .

A. begins ; begin

B. begins ; will begin

C. will begin ; will begin

D. will begin ; begins

IV. 一般过去将来时

1．含义：表示在过去某个时间内将要发生的动作。

2．基本结构：would + V原形 ; was /were going to + V 原形。常常用于宾语从句中。

经典例析：

She said that she would go to Sweden .

Tom said he was going to swim next week

3．特别提醒：would 常常缩写成为’d. 如：I’d ; you’d .等。

4．中考链接：

1） The teacher said that she ______ us to the park the next day . ( 北京 1993 )

A. will take

B. has taken

C. would take

D. is taking

2） --- What did the scientists say ? (2001 广州)

--- He said he wondered if _______ into space by spaceship one day .

A. he had to fly

B. he could fly