辨别强调句、定语从句、主语从句、状语从句

辨别强调句、定语从句、主语从句、状语从

句

（要点精讲）

一、强调句与各从句的比较

1．强调句与主语从句的比较

强调句将句子中的It is/was … that同时省去，句子仍然成立；而主语从句不能。如：

(1)It was Tom that saw Jane at the movie theater yesterday. 是汤姆昨天在电影院见到简。

本句若将It was及that同时省去为：Tom saw Jane at the movie theater yesterday. 句子同样成立，因此该句是强调句。

(2)It is true that he is a man of few words.

本句若将It is及that同时省去为：true he is a man of few words.，显然句子错误，因此，该句不是强调句，而是主语从句。

2．强调句与定语从句的比较

(1)强调句中的It没有实际意义，It be与that同时去掉后句子仍然成立；而定语从句中的It be与that不可同时省略。

(2)在强调句中连接词只有that、who，并且不可以省略；而在定语从句中一般使用关系代词that，which，who，whom或关系副词when，where，why等，而that在从句中作宾语的时候可以省略。

(3)强调句中可以用副词、介词短语或从句来作被强调的内容；而定语从句的先行词（中心词）一般是名词或名词短语。

比较下列句子

①It is on the island that they spent 10 years.

②It is the island where (on which) they spent 10 years.

解析：①表示地点的名词the island前有介词与其连用，说明它是一个完整的地点状语。如果将it is及that去掉：They spent 10 years on the island.它的意义仍然完整。故此句是强调句。

②表示地点的名词the island前没有介词与其连用，说明它不是一个完整的地点状语。如果将it is去掉：They spent 10 years the island.它的意义不完整。故应选用关系副词where 或on which构成定语从句结构。

比较下列两句

③It is on the date that she went abroad.

④It is the date when (on which) she went abroad.

解析：③分析句子结构可知，在表示时间的名词the date前有介词与其连用，说明它是一个完整的时间状语。如果将it is去掉：She went abroad on the date.它的意义仍然完整。故此句是强调句。

④分析句子结构可知，在表示时间的名词the date前没有介词与其连用，说明它不是一个完整的时间状语。如果将it is去掉：She went abroad the date.它的意义不完整。故应选用关系副词when或on which构成定语从句结构。

3．强调句与状语从句的比较

(1)强调句将句子中的it is/was … that同时省去，句子仍然成立；而状语从句句首的It

本身就是句子的主语，it be及后面的连接词that都不可以去掉。

比较下列三个句子

①It is such an interesting book that we all like it very much.

这是一本如此有趣的书，我们都非常喜欢。

②It is such an interesting book that we all like very much.

一本如此有趣的书，我们都非常喜欢。

③It is such an interesting book as we all like very much.

这就是我们大家都非常喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。

解析：①句若将It is及that同时省去为：such an interesting book we all like it very much.，显然句子错误，因此该句是结果状语从句。

②句将It is及that去掉，句子为：we all like such an interesting book very much.，句子仍然成立，故本句是强调句。

③本句是定语从句，先行词是book，as引导的从句修饰book。

比较下列两句

④It was already morning when he woke up. 当他醒来时，已经是早晨了。

⑤It was the next morning that he woke up. 他在第二天早晨他醒来了。

解析：④句是时间主从复合句，when后面引导的是时间状语从句。

⑤本句是强调句，强调the next morning。

二、错误判断强调句的两种情况

1．将非强调句判为强调句

(1)易混句型：It be+段时间+since…“自从……以来”

该句型中的be动词通常为一般现在时态或现在完成时态，since引导的从句通常是一般过去时态。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。

例：That was really a splendid(灿烂的，辉煌的) evening. It’s years ______ I enjoyed myself so much.

A．when B．that C．before D．since

答案：D

解析：考查固定句型。本句使用的句型是：It is+一段时间+since引导时间状语从句，表示“自从……有多久了”。由since引导的时间状语从句，如从句中的谓语动词是持续性动词，动作从结束时算起，如从句中的谓语动词是瞬间动词，动作从开始时算起，如：It’s three years since he joined the army.（他参军已经三年了。）本题中的enjoy是持续性动词，所以翻译成：那真是美妙的夜晚，我已有多年没有玩得如此愉快了。选D。

(2)易混句型：It be+点时间+when…“当……的时候，是……”

该句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句。be动词的时态没有明确限制，点时间前不加介词。

例：—Did Jack come back early last night?

—Yes. It was not yet eight o’clock ______ he arrived home.

A．before B．when C．that D．until

答案：B

解析：句意：——昨天晚上杰克回来得早吗？——是的。他到家的时候还不到八点。A 项代入句子中句意不对；B项代入句子中句意通顺；C项将It was及that去掉，句子为：He arrived home not yet eight o’clock.，句子不对；D项代入句中句子不对。

(3)易混句型：It be+段时间+before…“多久之后才……”、“……就……”，该句型

主句中be动词的时态常是一般将来时或过去时两种时态，主句中的表语多是long，not long，days，weeks等表示时间段的词或短语。

例：—How long do you think it will be ______ China sends a manmade spaceship to the moon?

—Perhaps two or three years.

A．when B．until C．that D．before

答案：D

解析：句意：——你认为多久之后中国会将人造宇宙飞船送到月球？——可能两到三年。It be+段时间+before…表示“多久之后才……”，其它项代入句中意思不对。

2．将强调句判为非强调句

有些强调句型由于句子本身有一定的特殊性，比如是强调句的特殊疑问句形式，强调句中有情态动词或复杂时态等，强调句中的被强调成分过于复杂，强调句与其他从句混杂在一起，等等，这都可能掩盖强调句型的本来面目，从而导致误判。如：

(1)When was ______ that the general manager left for Japan?

A．he B．it C．that D．since

答案：B

解析：强调句的特殊疑问句形式，可视为It was +时间状语+ that the general left for Japan 的特殊疑问句形式。

(2)It might have been John ______ bought a present for Mary yesterday.

A．that B．when C．what D．which

答案：A

解析：本句为强调句型，只是句中有情态动词might，将It、have been去掉，句子为：John bought a present for Mary yesterday.，句子仍然完整。

(3)It was what he meant rather than what he said ______ annoyed(使恼怒) me.

A．which B．as C．what D．that

答案：D

解析：强调句型，被强调部分为what he meant rather than what he said，句意：让我生气的不是他说的话，而是他话中的意思。

(4)It was just in this room ______ he was born ______ he did.

A．where, which B．that, that C．where, that D．which, that

答案：C

解析：强调句型，被强调成分是in this room，where he was born是修饰room的定语从句。

(5)It was lack of money, not of effort, ______ defeated their plan.

A．which B．as C．that D．what

答案：C

解析：强调句型，被强调成分为lack of money, not of effort。

（典例剖析）

【例题1】—Where did you get to know her?

—It was on the farm ______ we worked.

A．that B．there C．which D．where

【答案】D

【解析】考查定语从句和强调句型。本题较难，考生容易错选A项，认为是一个强调句型。实际上where we worked是一个定语从句修饰先行词the farm，在句子最后还省略了强调句型的后半句that I got to know her。句意：——你是在哪里认识她的？——就是在我们工作的农场里我认识了她。故D正确。

【难度】困难

【例题2】It was for this reason ______ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.

A．which B．why C．that D．how

【答案】C

【解析】该题为强调句型，而非定语从句，故选C。辨析的关键：强调句型可以通过还原法将其还原，本句还原后为：Her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village for this reason.，故选C项。

【难度】一般

（精题精练）

1.对下面划线部分用强调句进行强调

(1)Did she go swimming in the river?

(2)Who said all the students could answer the question?

(3)I did not realize the blessing of health until I fell ill.

(4)That tower was burnt down in the fire.

【答案】

(1)Was it in the river that she went swimming?

(2)Who was it that said all the students could answer the question?

(3)It was not until I fell ill that I realized the blessing of health.

(4)It was that tower that was burnt down in the fire.

【解析】

(1)划线部分是地点状语，用It be...that...句型强调，根据句子是一般疑问句，所以对地点状语强调仍然是疑问句，时态用一般过去时态，将被强调成分放在it之后，句子的其余成分放在that之后，故是Was it in the river that she went swimming?

(2)划线部分是主语，用It be...that...句型强调，根据句子是特殊疑问句，所以强调句也是特殊疑问句，因为被强调成分是特殊疑问词，所以将特殊疑问词放在句首，将其它成分放在that 之后，故是Who was it that said all the students could answer the question?

(3)句子运用了not...until...句型，而且划线部分是until引导的从句，not...until...的强调句型是It be not until + 被强调成分+that+句子的其余成分，故是It was not until I fell ill that I realized the blessing of health.

(4)划线部分是主语，用It be...that...句型强调，这道题比较容易将主语中的that丢掉，that 是修饰tower的，是被强调成分，强调句型中的that是连接词，也不能去掉。

【难度】一般

2.It was when we were returning home ________I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.

A．which B．that C．where D．how

【解析】考查强调句型。句意：正是在我们要回到家的时候，我才意识到帮助有困难的人的感觉是多么美妙！强调句型的基本结构为It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分。如果强调人，that还可以改为who，但是强调时间或者地点时只能使用that。

【难度】一般

3.—What shall we do to make the movie star’s visit more successful?

—Not much. It is just the hotel to put her up in ______ she is really particular about.

A．where B．what C．which D．that

【答案】D

【解析】强调句，可还原为She is really particular about just the hotel to put her up in.句意：——我们做什么能让这位电影明星的访问更成功？——不需要太多，只需要提供给她特别偏爱的旅馆就行。

【难度】困难

4.It was more than two years ______ the man whose brain had been seriously injured recovered with some consciousness.

A．since B．before C．that D．when

【答案】B

【解析】句意：两年多之后那个大脑严重受伤的人才恢复了一些意识。无法判断句子的类型，可以先将It was去掉，句子变为：the man whose brain had been seriously injured recovered with some consciousness more than two years.，很明显，句子错误；句型It was + 一段时间+ before 表示“一段时间后才……”，故选B。

【难度】一般

5.It was April 29, 2011 _______ Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.

A．that B．when C．since D．before

【答案】B

【解析】句意：2011年4月29日，威廉王子和凯特·米德尔顿走进了婚姻的殿堂。无法判断句子的类型，可以先将It was去掉，句子变为：Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony April 29, 2011，很明显，句子不对；It be+点时间

+when…“当……的时候，是……”，符合句意，故选B项。

【难度】困难

6.It won’t be quite a long time ______ your son is back, so don’t be worried.

A．that B．since C．before D．until

【答案】C

【解析】句意：不会很长时间你儿子就回来了，因此不必着急。去掉it be，句子为：your son is back won’t quite a long time.，很明显句子错误，故不是强调句；根据句意，选before。【难度】一般

7.It was two days before my mother flew to New York ________ I arrived home.

A．when B．that C．after D．since

【解析】句意：正是在母亲飞到纽约的前两天我回到了家。根据语境被强调部分是two days before my mother flew to New York，将本句还原为普通句式为I arrived home two days before my mother flew to New York，故选B项。

【难度】较难

8._____is not everybody ____can do it so well.

A．It , all B．It , that C．There, who D．There, that

【答案】B

【解析】句意：不是每个人都能做的这么好。去掉is，句子为：Not everybody can do it so well.，所以句子为强调句型，故选B项。

【难度】一般

9.It worried her a bit _____ her hair was turning grey.

A．while B．if C．that D．whether

【答案】C

【解析】句意：她的头发变得灰白，这让她有点焦急。这里句首的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的her hair was turning grey，that只起连接作用，没实际意义。

【难度】一般

10.It’s no longer a question now ____ man can land on the moon.

A．that B．which C．whether D．what

【答案】A

【解析】句意：现在人类登陆月球不再是一个问题了。本句是主语从句，句首的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的man can land on the moon，that只起连接作用，没实际意义。【难度】一般

11.When I try to understand _____that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes.

A．Why it does B．what it does C．what it is D．why it is

【答案】C

【解析】句意：当我试图去理解是什么让如此多的美国人不是一般人想象中的那么幸福，我发现了两个原因。这是强调句型，其结构是：It was+被强调部分+that/who（人）+其他。判断强调句型的方法是把It was及that这三个词去掉，整个句子不缺成分，意思完整。这里被强调的是疑问词what，因为是宾语从句，所以强调句型应该用陈述语序，what在从句中作主语，why不能作主语，故选C。

【难度】困难

12.It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do ______ benefits our work most.

A．what B．how C．that D．which

【答案】C

【解析】考查强调句型。强调句结构：It is+被强调的部分+that+句子剩下的部分，强调的是主语not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do，只是主语由not...but...来

连接，具有了一定的干扰性。故选C。

【难度】较难

13.It is the picture hanging by my bed ______ often calls up the sweet memories of my school life.

A．where B．when C．which D．that

【答案】D

【解析】句意：是挂在我床边的画让我时常回想起我的学校生活的甜蜜记忆。It is...that...构成强调句结构。判断原则是：把it is及that（或who）三者去掉后，句子的结构仍然完整，此时就是强调句。

【难度】一般

14.—Who is making so much noise?

—______ the children.

A．There are B．They are C．That is D．It is

【答案】D

【解析】句意：——谁在制造那么大的噪音？——是那些孩子们。这里答语是省略句，完整的句子是It is the children that is making so much noise，这是强调句型，其结构是It be+被强调部分+that+其他。判断强调句型的方法是把It be及that去掉，整个句子不缺成分，仍是完整的句子。故选D。

【难度】一般

15.It was only after he had read the papers ______ Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.

A．when B．that C．which D．what

【答案】B

【解析】本题考查强调句型。句意：Gross先生读了这些文件之后才意识到，他面前的这个任务非常难完成。“It is/was+被强调部分+that从句”是一个固定的句式，当被强调的部分是物时，连词只能用that，因此锁定正确答案。

【难度】一般

16.It was with the help of the local guide ______ the mountain climber was rescued.

A．who B．that C．when D．how

【答案】B

【解析】考查强调句型。句意：在当地导游的帮助下，登山者才得以获救。It is/was+被强调部分+that/who(m)是固定的强调句型，被强调的部分无论是人是物，都可以用that；被强调部分如果是人，可以用who或者whom。本句中被强调的部分并不是the local guide，而是介词短语“with the help of the local guide”，所以不能用who，而必须用that。强调句型的关键是要弄清被强调部分是谁，尤其是本题中的local guide离连词太近，很容易被误认为是被强调部分，这样就可能导致选择错误的连词。

【难度】一般

17.It was the culture, rather than the language, ______ made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.

A．where B．why C．that D．what

【答案】C

【解析】考查强调句型。强调的是句子的主语the culture, rather than the language。句意：是文化而不是语言让他很难适应国外新的环境。强调句型的基本结构是：It is/was+被强调成分+that/who+其他成分，最大的特点是把It is/was...that/who...去掉，句子仍然是成立的。本题即是如此。故C正确。

【难度】一般

18.It’s not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do ______ makes life happy. A．that B．which C．what D．who

【答案】A

【解析】考查强调句型。当被强调部分是人的时候，可以使用who或者that，当被强调部分不是人的时候，只能使用that。本句强调的是not...but...组成的一个特殊结构，在句中作主语。句意：不是做我们喜欢的事情，而是喜欢我们不得不做的事情让我们的生活快乐。本句被强调的不是人，所以使用that。故选A。

【难度】一般

19.Was it because Jack came late for school ______ Mr. Smith got angry?

A．why B．who C．where D．that

【答案】D

【解析】本题考查的是特殊句式中强调句的一般疑问句。本题强调的成分较为特殊，强调的是原因状语从句because Jack came late for school。句意：斯密斯先生生气是因为Jack上学迟到吗？故选D。

【难度】较难

名词性从句强调句与定语从句综合练习

名词性从句、强调句与定语从句综合练习 1. What a pity ______ is ______ you didn’t come to the party. A. there; because B. it; that C. he; when D. that; for 2. －I believe ______ you’ve tried your best and ______ you can come to the top of the class. －Thank you. A. what; / B. / ; / C. what; that D. /; that 3. Please give the note to ______ is in the classroom. A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever it yesterday ______ you received the letter from her which ) 5. The question Mike asked was ______ the sports meet would be put off. A. that B. if C. whether D. because 6. Some great people said it was their primary school teachers and their lessons they were fond of influenced their whole lives. ;that ;which ;which ;that 7. We need the same machine ______ in your factory. is being used is being used is being used it is being used can be seen from his face, he is quite satisfied. 9. Is ______ he told you really funny A. that B. is C. what D. this 10. —On the contrary，I think it is the mother，rather than her children， to blame. —I agree with you. is is are are — lent me a lot of maney,______ I coul dn’t buy the TV set. it which which which wonder if it was in the bookstore I bought some books I lost the keys. ;that ;where ;that ;where 13. It was in the garden of his old house_____he grew up______he dug up a pot of gold. ;that ;where ;that ;where was in the stone house was built as a school by local villagers the boy finished his primary school. ;that ;where ;which ;which 15．—Where did you meet him while in Beijing —It was in the hotel ______ I stayed． A．that B．which C．when D．where 、 was on October 15 the Communist Party 17th Congress began， was the biggest

高三英语一轮复习： 定语从句+名词性从句+主语从句练习题(附带答案和解析)

定语从句 1. After living in Australia for many years, Louise finally returned to the country she was born. 2. There are many good websites you can check out the latest in the science world. 3.Another saying which has come from the fable is "God helps those help themselves”. 4. Then Needham began his lifelong research, ended up creating the greatest work--Science and Civilization in China. 5. His interest started a few years ago, he was in college and studying wildlife science. 6. There are perhaps 40 million competitive table tennis players and many ordinary people play less seriously. 7. He was a great scientist and extraordinary man work and legacy will live on for many years. 8. That is an Oxford college, famous graduates include the late Benazir Bhutto. 9. But it's not like many other countries there seems to be tension among the different cultures. 10. Then, a fire, broke out in 1969 on Cleveland's Cuyahoga River, shed light on the problem of chemical pollution in water. 11. Pupils, usually come from the fifth or sixth grade, are

定语从句强调句用法

下面总结强调句型的使用： 一、it强调句型的构成：It+be+被强调部分+that(强调部分指人做主语时时用who，指人做宾语时用whom)+句子的其他部分。 例如：Mary met an old beggar in the street yesterday. It was Mary who/that met an old beggar in the street yesterday. (强调主语) It was an old beggar whom/that Mary met in the street yesterday.(强调宾语) It was yesterday that Mary met an old beggar in the street.(强调时间状语) It was in the street that Mary met an old beggar yesterday.(强调地点状语) 注意：it强调句型不能强调句子的谓语。 二、not…until结构强调句型的构成：It+be+not+until部分+that+句子的其他部分。例如：He didn't go to bed until his father came back.. 变为强调句型为：It was not until his father came back that he went to bed. 注意原句中的didn't go部分中的not提前后，剩下did go变为went. 本文开头提到的两个句子都是not..until结构用于强调句型。那么把这两句话变回正常的语序则为： 1)…but he didn't make his most important discovery until after the war. 2)The importance of Fleming's discovery was not fully recognized until World War II. 三、特殊疑问句强调句型的构成：特殊疑问词+be+it+that+句子的其他部分(用陈述语序) 例如：When did you receive the gift？ 对特殊疑问词when做强调：When was it that you received the gift？ 注意此句中的received是由did加receive结合而成的。

表语从句与主语从句

表语从句与主语从句 表语从句和主语从句以及宾语从句都要用陈述语序。 Ⅰ.表语从句 在复合句中，位于系动词之后作表语的从句称为表语从句。它位于主句的系动词之后， 最为重要的是我们应该为牛找到足够的水。 The doubt is who has taken away the valuable vase. （主语，人） 疑点是谁拿走了那只贵重的花瓶。 My topic today is what most scientists are researching.（宾语，物，没有选择范围） 我今天的话题就是大多数科学家正在研究的课题。 The problem is which school will be chosen.(which在从句中作定语) 问题是哪一所学校将被选中。 All this was over twenty years ago，but it’s as if it was only yesterday. 这都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一样。 表语从句中应注意的问题 (1)because，why引导的表语从句。 because引导表语从句时，表示“因为”，why引导表语从句时，表示“……的原因”，相当于the reason why。 That’s because he didn’t understand me. (That’s because...强调原因) 那是因为他不理解我。 That’s why he got angry with me. (That’s why...强调结果) 那正是他对我生气的原因。 (2)what引导的主语从句表示结果或名词reason作主语时，后面的表语从句表示原因时要用that引导，不宜用because。 What cost him his life was that he was too careless. 使他丧命的原因是他太粗心了。 The reason why I was sad/for my being sad was that he didn’t understand me. 我难过的原因是他不理解我。 (3)使用虚拟语气的表语从句 在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句中，谓语动词需用“should＋动词原形”表示，should可省略。常见的词有：advice，suggestion，order，proposal，plan，idea，request，requirement等。 My suggestion is that we (should) have a discussion about this matter instead of just laying it aside. 我的建议是我们应当讨论一下这个问题，而不应该把它放在一边。 （4）as if/as though引导的表语从句常置于系动词look，seem，sound，be，become等后面，常用虚拟语气，即形式常用过去式的某种时态。

定语从句与其易混淆句型的辨析

学法导航 定语从句与其易混淆句型的辨析 安丘一中高二英语组李建文 众所周知，定语从句是高中英语学习中的一个语法重点，老师、同学们都对此予以重点关注。由此造成了这样一种现象：做题时，一遇到从句就往定语从句上想，尤其容易把一些形式上与定语从句相似的句型（主要是同位语从句、强调句、地点和时间状语从句）也当作定语从句来理解，结果产生错误。因此，从某个方面来说，解答定语从句题的关键是弄清它和易混淆句型之间的区别。 一、定语从句与同位语从句 定语从句和同位语从句都置于被修饰的名词或代词之后，形式上非常相似，尤其是由that引导时，最难区分。实际上，两者的根本区别在于句法功能不同，与先行词的关系不同。 1. 句法功能不同 定语从句相当于一个形容词，用来修饰、描述或限制其前面的名词、代词（称为先行词）或整个句子；同位语从句则相当于一个名词，是先行词所述内容的展开，即说明先行词的具体内容。 定语从句的引导词that在从句中一定充当句子成分；而同位语从句中的引导词that（被称为连接代词）在从句中只起连接作用，不充当任何句子成分。 定语从句的引导词在从句中作宾语或状语时，可以省略或被其他词代替；而同位语从句的引导词则一般不能省略，也不能被代替。 例1The news （that / which） we picked up from his informal conversation is true.我们从他的闲谈中听到的那个消息是真实的。 例2The news that Mr Li will teach us English next semester is true. 李先生下学期将教我们英语这个消息是真实的。 点评：例1的中that从句是定语从句，其作用相当于一个形容词，用来限定the news，that在从句中作宾语，可省略。例2中的that从句是同位语从句，其作用相当于一个名词，本身就是the news的内容，that不能省略。 2. 与先行词关系不同 定语从句所修饰、限定的先行词可以是名词或代词，当that省略时，定语从句本身是一个不完整的句子。而同位语从句通常与一些本身有具体内容可展开的名词连用，对这些名词进行补充说明或解释。常见的此类名词有：answer， belief， doubt， decision，explanation， fact， hope， idea， information， message， news， order， possibility，problem， promise， question， reason， story， suggestion， thought， truth等。同位语从句本身是一个完整的句子，常用that连接而不是用which 引导，that本身不充当句子成分，表示疑问意义的名词（如doubt， question等）后也可用whether， who， what 等疑问词引导。 例3The fact (that / which) she told me yesterday is very important.她昨天告诉我的事实非常重要。 例4The fact that she hasn’t known the result of the examination is clear.她还不知道考试成绩这个事实是显而易见的。 点评：例3中that / which引导的是定语从句，修饰fact，用以限定说明是哪个fact，

定语从句与强调句的区别

定语从句与强调句的区别 1. 强调句型中的it 属于引导词，本身没有意义。如果去掉is／was ... that结构，句子结构仍然完整，句意也完整。定语从句中的it 是指示代词，作主句的主语。 如果去掉it is／was ...that，句子结构不完整，意思也不完整。 It is a question that needs careful consideration. 这是一个需要慎重考虑的问题。（定语从句） It is novels that she enjoys reading. 她喜欢阅读的是小说。（= She enjoys reading novels.）（强调句型） It was at the railway station that we first met 16 years ago. 是在火车站我们16 年前第一次相逢。（强调句型，强调地点状语at therailway station） It was the railway station where we first met 16 years ago. 这是我们16 年前第一次相逢的火车站。（定语从句，where 是关系副词，在定语从句中做地点状语） 2. 在强调句中被强调的部分还可以是副词、介词短语或从句；在定语从句中先行词一般是名词、代词或名词短语。 It was because she was ill that we decided to return. 正是因为她生病了，我们才决定回来。（强调句型） Was it the place where the party was held？ 这些是举行集会的那个地方吗？（定语从句） 3. 有些强调句型中含有一个定语从句，这往往给理解带来一定的难度。解决方法是仔细分析that 或who在句中的作用。 It was in the lab that was set up last year they finished the experiment. 他们是在去年建造的实验室里完成这个实验的。（that was set up last year是定语从句，that 在从句中作主语，并可被which 替换）It was the students who came from our school that won the first prize in thecontest.是来自我们学校的学生获得了竞赛一等奖。(who came from our school是定语从句。who 在从句中作主语。）

主语从句可以按其引导词的不同分为三类：

主语从句可以按其引导词的不同分为三类： 第一类,用从属连词that引导的主语从句,例如：That we shall be late is certain. That the driver could not control his car was obvious. 这种结构主要是对that从句的内容进行强调,属正式文体,连词that不可以省略；但是在一般情况下,往往使用先行it结构,即用it作形式主语,而把that从句放到后面,这时,在口语中,连词that 有时则可以省略.所以上述两句可以改为： It is certain that we shall be late. It was obvious that the driver could not control his car. 如果整个句子是疑问形式,就只能用先行it结构,例如： Is it true that he would take the risk?

Is it possible that they will come tomorrow? 常使用先行it结构,用that从句作主语的句子有下列几个句型： 1、It + be + 形容词+ that从句： It is clear that he was telling the truth. It’s probable that we’ll be a little late. 2、It + be + 名词词组+ that从句： It’s a pity that you can’t go with us. 3、It + 及物动词+ 宾语+ that从句： It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey. It shocked me that Peter didn’t tell anybody where he was. 4、It + be + 过去分词+ that从句： It is said that he has been there many times. 5、It + seem/happen/appear等不及物动词+

定语从句与强调句和状语从句的区别

定语从句与其易混淆句型的辨析 众所周知，定语从句是高中英语学习中的一个语法重点，老师、同学们都对此予以重点关注。由此造成了这样一种现象：做题时，一遇到从句就往定语从句上想，尤其容易把一些形式上与定语从句相似的句型（主要是同位语从句、强调句、地点和时间状语从句）也当作定语从句来理解，结果产生错误。因此，从某个方面来说，解答定语从句题的关键是弄清它和易混淆句型之间的区别。 一、定语从句与同位语从句 定语从句和同位语从句都置于被修饰的名词或代词之后，形式上非常相似，尤其是由that引导时，最难区分。实际上，两者的根本区别在于句法功能不同，与先行词的关系不同。 1. 句法功能不同 定语从句相当于一个形容词，用来修饰、描述或限制其前面的名词、代词（称为先行词）或整个句子；同位语从句则相当于一个名词，是先行词所述内容的展开，即说明先行词的具体内容。 定语从句的引导词that在从句中一定充当句子成分；而同位语从句中的引导词that（被称为连接代词）在从句中只起连接作用，不充当任何句子成分。 定语从句的引导词在从句中作宾语或状语时，可以省略或被其他词代替；而同位语从句的引导词则一般不能省略，也不能被代替。 例1The news （that / which）we picked up from his informal conversation is true.我们从他的闲谈中听到的那个消息是真实的。 例2The news that Mr Li will teach us English next semester is true. 李先生下学期将教我们英语这个消息是真实的。 点评：例1的中that从句是定语从句，其作用相当于一个形容词，用来限定the news，that在从句中作宾语，可省略。例2中的that从句是同位语从句，其作用相当于一个名词，本身就是the news的内容，that不能省略。 2. 与先行词关系不同 定语从句所修饰、限定的先行词可以是名词或代词，当that省略时，定语从句本身是一个不完整的句子。而同位语从句通常与一些本身有具体内容可展开的名词连用，对这些名词进行补充说明或解释。常见的此类名词有：answer，belief，doubt，decision，explanation，fact，hope，idea，information，message，news，order，possibility，problem，promise，question，reason，story，suggestion，thought，truth等。同位语从句本身是一个完整的句子，常用that连接而不是用which 引导，that本身不充当句子成分，表示疑问意义的名词（如doubt，question等）后也可用whether，who，what等疑问词引导。 例3The fact (that / which) she told me yesterday is very important.她昨天告诉我的事实非常重要。 例4The fact that she hasn’t known the result of the examination is clear.她还不知道考试成绩这个事实是显而易见的。

主语从句非限制定语从句

主语从句 一定义：在中充当成分的句子叫做主语从句。 二主语充当主语的句子类型： 1.常规从句，即句子在中充当一个；从句的不受主句的时态影响和限制。 （1）That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all. （2）Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown. （3）Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet. （4）Whom we must study for is a question of great importance. （5）What caused the accident remains unknown. （6）Whatever you did is right. （7）Who the watch belongs to is unknown. （8）What we need is time. （9）What we need are good doctors. 小结: （1）引导从句有that,whether,who,what,whatever等； （2）位于句首不能省略； （3）从句大多数情况下视为，但也有例外，如例（9） 注意：当what引导的名词性分句作主语时，问题极为复杂。 2. 为了防止句子，通常把it放在句首位置，真正主语搁置于句末 （1）It is certain that he will win the match.

(英语)英语强调句练习题及答案及解析

（英语）英语强调句练习题及答案及解析 一、初中英语强调句 1．______ he will return to his native land. A. It is long before that B. It will be long before that C. It won't be long before D. It is before long that 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：不就以后他就会回到他的祖国了。本题强调的是时间状语before long不久以后；强调句型的基本结构为It is/was被强调成分that/who其它成分；其最大的特点就是去掉it is/was…that/who…句子仍然成立。要注意强调句型能强调除谓语动词以为的所有的句子成分。在考查的时候，经常会把强调句型和定语从句结合在一起考查，要注意分析句子的成分。故D正确。 【点评】考查强调句型，掌握其结构：it is/was…that/who…。 2．It's a long time ago ______ I saw you last time. A. when B. since C. for D. that 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：我上次见你是很久以前了。强调结构It is…that…，本句中it没有实际含义，和is,that构成框架，强调谓语以外的部分，去掉它们句子仍然成立。故选D。【点评】本题考查的是强调句型结构。强调句型是对句子的主语，宾语，状语等进行强调，（谓语除外），其基本结构是It is +被强调的部分+that/who+句子的其他成分（强调主语若是人引导词可以用who/that,若是其他一律用that ）。去掉这个框架结构句子仍然成立。 3．It's his brother ________ never been to Australia. You'd better take him with you. A. that is B. who is C. that have D. who has 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：是他的弟弟从没去过澳大利亚，你最好带他跟你去。have been to 去过……。强调句型是：It is+被强调部分+that（指人时用who）+句子的其他成分。此处强调句子的主语his brother，故谓语用has。因此选D。 【点评】考查强调句型。 4．She found her lost car._______ she had! A. What a good luck B. What good luck C. How good luck D. How good the luck 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意“她发现了她丢失的小汽车，她多么幸运啊。”此处为强调句典型句型，这种句型中what+名词，how+形容词\副词，luck此处表示名词单数“一次好运”，what a good luck=how lucky。故填A。

强调句与定语从句的区别

强调句与定语从句的区别 【原题复现】27.It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. A. where B．that C．when D. which 【语法补漏】 强调句与定语从句的区别是：在定语从句中一般使用关系代词that, which，who, whom或关系副词when, where，why等,先行词(中心词)一般是名词或名词短语，而在强调句中，可以用副词、介词短语或从句来作被强调的内容。；而在强调句中则主要使用that，who； 有时强调句在形式上和定语从句、状语从句很相似。我们除了从意思上进行区分外，还能根据强调句的结构特点来进行判断，如能去掉It was...that...后，句子仍然通顺，就是强调句。这一点很重要. 试比较：①It is a question that needs careful consideration. ②It is novels that Miss Williams enjoys reading. 简析：句①是含有定语从句的句子，在此It是指示代词，It is a question是个"主语+系动词+表语"结构，如果去掉It is...that,句子结构就不完整了。句②是强调句，在此It是个引导词，没有具体含义，如果去掉It is...that，把语序稍加调整，句子结构仍然是完整的。 区分定语从句与强调句区分定语从句和强调句可用还原法，因为强调句的基本句式为It is (was)+被强调部分+that+句子的其余部分，因此只需将it is(was) 后面的部分还原到原来的句子中，如果成份完整，则为强调句，如果成份不完整则为定语从句。 1) It is this street _______I happened to meet him. It is in this street _______I happened to meet him. [ ] A．that B．where C．which D．from which 首先，我们看到主句部分为it is…结构，可能是定语从句可能是强调句，利用还原法，将两部分分别还原，得出1．I happened to meet him this street. 2．I happened to meet him in this street. 1句子成份不完整，为定语从句，用where；2句子成份完整为强调句，选that。 2) Where did you meet him? It is in the cinema_______ I met him. It is in the cinema_______ door faces west. [ ] A．that B．where C．whose D．which 仍然采取还原法，得出1．I met him in the cinema. 2．Door faces west in the cinema. 1句子成份完整，确定为强调句，用that选A；2明显不是一个意思表达清楚的句子，其实本句是一个省略句，全句为：It is in the cinema _______door faces west that I met him. 强调句部分已经省略，而句中door faces west 是一个定语从句，表示门朝西开的电影院，因此选C，whose 在做题中我们经常可以看见带有定语从句的强调句，这时仍可用还原法加以辨别： (1) Was it in the cinema _______Smith met you _______you saw the film? A．that, that B．whom, then C．where, that D．which, where (C) (2) Where did you found XingMing? It was in the office _______he worked. A．this B．which C．where D．/ (C) 【高考题互动】 01、(08全国卷II’20) It was in New Zealand ___ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. A. that B. how C. which D. when 02、(08天津卷’08)It was along the Mississippi River _______ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. A. how B. which C. that D. where 03、(08重庆卷’22)It was not until midnight they reached the camp site.

英语主语从句

主语从句 （一）主语从句的标记主语从句通常由连词that和whether (if)、连接代词或连接副词以及关系代词型what引导。 1. that引导 That he is still alive is a wonder. 他还活着，真是奇迹。 That we shall be late is certain. 我们要晚了，这是确定无疑的。 That he should have ignored the working class was natural. 他忽视工人阶级是很自然的。That she is still alive is a consolation. 她还活着是使人感到宽慰的。 That she became an artist may have been due to her father’s influence. 她成为画家可能是受她父亲的影响。 That you are coming to London is the best news I have heard this long time. 你将来伦敦是好久以来我听到的最好消息。 That she was chosen made a tremendous stir in her village. 她被挑选上，在她村子里引起很大轰动。 2. whether引导 Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 是否对我们有害还要看一看。 Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。 3. 连接代词引导 Whoever (=anyone who) fails to see this will make a big blunder. Whatever(=anything that) she did was reasonable. 无论什么 Anything that she did was reasonable. Whichever (of you) comes in first will receive a prize. 无论(你们)谁先到都可以得奖。Whichever(=anything that) you want is yours. 你要哪个哪个就是你的。 What do you need? What you need is a good rest. I don’t know what you need? 4. 连接副词引导 When we arrive doesn’t matter. 什么时候到没有关系。 When do we arrive? How it was done was a mystery. 这是怎样做的是一个谜。 How was it done? How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这件事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 How did this happen? How many people we are to invite is still a question. 邀请多少人还是一个问题。How many people are we to invite? Where I spend my summer is no business of yours. 我在哪里过暑假不关你的事。 Where do i spend my summer? 5. 连接代词型what引导 What(=the thing that) we need is money. 我们需要的是钱。What do we need? What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是这一点。What’s done is done. 事已成定局。 What=the thing that he says is not important. 他说的话并不重要。What does he say? What I am telling you is mere impressions. 我和你说的都不过是一些印象而已。What make the river more beautiful are the lotus plants growing in the water. 为河水增色的是水里的荷花。What you need is a good-sized canvas bag. 你需要的是一个比较大的帆布袋。 What I am afraid of is their taking him to Portugal. 我担心的是他们把他带到葡萄牙去。What struck me was that they have all suffered a lot. 给我很深印象的是他们都受过很多苦。（二）

定语从句、强调句相应练习

定语从句、强调句练习 1．All ____ should be done has been done. A. what B. which C. that D. whatever 2.Was it during the Second World War__he died？ A.that B.while C.in which D.then 3.I feel it is your husband who__for the spoiled child. A.is to blame B.is going to blame C.is to be blamed D.should blame 4．I, ____ your best friend, will try my best to help you. A. who is B. who am C. that is D. which am 5.It was __ I met Mr. Smith in London. A.many years that B.for many years since C.since many years ago when D.many years ago that 6.It was the dean__walked by. A.where B.who C.what D.which 7．Leilei is the girl _____ pronunciation is the best in our class. A. whose B. who C. who’s D. that 8．Can you lend me the book ______ the other day? A. you talked about it B. that you talked C. about that you talked D. you talked about 9．The two old friends talked about the persons and places _____ impressed them most. A. which B. who C. where D. that 10．These articles are written in simple language, _____ makes it easy to read. A. that B. this C. which D. it 11．My father works in the factory _____ this type of truck is made.

2017年高考英语语法：强调句型和定语从句的区别

2017年高考英语语法：强调句型和定 语从句的区别 “Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?”“It was in the hall ______ the students often have a meeting.” A. where B. which C. that D. when 很可能误选C，认为这是一个强调句，强调地点状语 in the hall。 假若选C，即有 It was in the hall that the students often have a meeting，该句的意思是“学生们通常是在大厅开会”，单独看这一句，无论是其意思还是其语法均未错，但若将其与上文联系起来看，则不通，因为上文的意思是“你是在哪儿找到昨天作报告的那位教授的?”假若将答句改为 It was in the hall that I found the professor，则完全可以。 其实，此题的答案是A，where the students often have a meeting 为 定语从句，用以修饰其前的名词 the hall，句意为“是在学生们经常开会的那个大厅(找到教授的)”，这样语意就通顺了。 定语从句与强调句句式结构用法比较： 由it引导的句型结构，常可构成强调句或定语从句，两者极易混淆。一般来说，如果将it is/was...与连接词去掉，句子仍然正确，就为强调句型。这时，就选用that连接词;否则，就为定语从句，其关系词的选择，应根据先行词与从句的关系而定。 例1. (1) It is on the island that they spent 10 years. (2) It is the island where (on which) they spent 10 years. 比较：(1)该句为强调句。表示地点的名词the island前有介词与其连用，说明它是一个完整的地点状语。如果将it is去掉：They spent 10 years on the island.它的意义仍然完整。故应选用连接词that构成强调句式 (注：强调地点状语时，不可用where连接)。 (2)该句为定语从句。表示地点的名词the island前没有介词与其连用，说明它不是一个完整的地点状语。如果将it is去掉：They spent 10 years the island.它的意义不完整。故应选用关系副词where或on which 构成定语从句结构。 例2. (1) It is on the date that she went abroad. (2) It is the date when (on which) she went abroad. 比较：(1)分析句子结构可知，在表示时间的名词the date 前有介词与其连用，说明它是一个完整的时间状语。如果将it is去掉：She went abroad on the date.它的意义仍然完整。故应选用连接词that构成强调句式(强调时间状语时，不可用when连接)。 (2) 分析句子结构可知，在表示时间的名词the date 前没有介词与其连用，说明它不是一个完整的时间状语。如果将it is去掉：She went abroad the date.它的意义不完整。故应选用关系副词when或on which 构成定语从