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+第三十七篇Pop Music in Africa

非洲的流行音乐

Young musicians in African countries are creating a new kind of pop music. The tunes and the rhythms of their music combine African traditions with various forms of music popular today, such as hip-hop, rap, rock, jazz, or reggae. The result is music that may sound familiar to listeners anywhere in the world, but at the same time is distinctly（典型）African. It is different also in another way: Many of the songs are very serious and they deal with important social or political issues in Africa today.

Eric Wainaina is one of these African musicians. He grew up in Nairobi, Kenya, in a family of musicians. As a teenager, he listened to pop music from the United States, and later he moved to Boston to study at the Berklee College of Music. Now he has produced a CD in Kenya. Eric's most popular song, "Land of ‘A Little Something’” is about Kenya's problem of bribery, or paying others for illegal favors. He wants people to listen to his songs and think about how to make Kenya a better place to live.

Another musician who writes serious songs is Witness Mwaijaga from Tanzania. Her own experiences have helped her understand the suffering of many African women. At the age of fifteen she lost her home, but she was luckier than other homeless young people. She could make a living by writing songs and singing on the street. By the time she was eighteen years old, she had become a star. Her songs are written in rap or hip-hop style about the problems that she sees in Tanzania, especially AIDS and the lack of rights for women1.

Baaba Maal, from Senegal, also feels that pop music must go beyond entertainment. He says that in Senegal, storytellers have always been important people. In the past, they were the ones who kept the history of their people alive. Baaba believes that songwriters now have a similar responsibility. They must write about the world around them and help people understand how it could be better. The words of his songs are important, in fact. They speak of peace and cooperation among Africans, as well as the rights of women, love for one' s family, and saving the environment2.

One of South Africa's most popular musicians is Brenda Fassie. She is sometimes compared to Madonna, the American pop star, because she likes to shock people in her shows. But she also likes to make people think. She became famous in the 1980s for her simple pop songs against apartheid. Now that apartheid has ended, her songs are about other issues in South African culture and life. To sing about these, she uses local African languages and a new pop style called kwaito.

In recent years, people outside of Africa have also begun to listen to these young musicians. Through music, the younger generation of Africans are connecting with the rest of the world and, at the same time, influencing the rest of the world.

答案与题解：

1. B 本题的问题是：非洲流行音乐的不同之处是什么？由第一段倒数第一句可以得出答案。“It is different also in another way : Many of the songs are very serious and they deal with important social or political issues in Africa today.” A,D项错误，C项未提及。

2.D 本题的问题是：对于非洲以外的人来说，非洲流行音乐给他们的感觉是什么？从第一段可以得出答案。“The result is music that may sound familiar to listeners anywhere in the world , but at the same time is distinctly Afican.”故正确选项为D。

3. A 本题的问题是：全文所提到的音乐家的共同的特点是什么？总览全文可以得出结论。全文通篇在讲有关社会和政治等严肃主题的音乐，故正确答案为A。B,C,D都有明显的错误。

4. C 本题的问题是：Eric Wainaina的成长细节。由第二段可以得出答案。“…and later he moved to Boston to study at the Berklee College of Music.”其余选项均有错误。

5. A 本题的问题是：Witness Mwaijaga 写有关女人的问题的原因是什么？答案在第三段第二句“Her own experiences have helped her understand the suffering of many African women.”明显可见是她有切身经历。所以正确答案为A。

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第三十七篇Pop Music in Africa

（非洲的流行音乐）（要求：背诵）

非洲的流行音乐（要求：背诵）

非洲国家的年轻音乐家创作了一种新的流行音乐形式。他们音乐的曲调和节奏不仅有传统的非洲元素，也有当下十分流行的各种形式，比如嘻哈，说唱，摇滚，爵士和瑞格舞。这样的音乐让世界上其他地区的听者感觉熟悉，但又的的确确是典型的非洲音乐。这种音乐在另一方面也有所不同：很多音乐传达着严肃的主题，与当今非洲重要的社会和政治问题相关。

Eric Wainaina是众多非洲音乐家中的一名，他在肯尼亚首都内罗比的一个音乐之家长大。青少年时期他便听美国的流行音乐，之后就读于波士顿在Berklee音乐学院学习音乐。现在他已在肯尼亚发行了CD，艾瑞克最红的歌曲“Land of ‘A Little Something’”是关于肯尼亚的行贿受贿问题。他希望人们倾听他的歌曲并仔细思考如何才能让肯尼亚变成更好的居住地。

另一位写严肃主题音乐的音乐家是来自坦桑尼亚的Witness Mwaijaga，她的个人经历让她能够切身体会非洲妇女所受的苦难。15岁时，她无家可归，但她比那些无家可归的年轻人幸运一些，她可以靠着写歌和到街上卖唱维持生计。18岁时，她成名了。几乎所有她的歌曲都是用嘻哈和说唱的风格完成写作，歌曲的内容是坦桑尼亚的各种问题，尤其是艾滋和女性权力的缺失。

来自塞内加尔的巴巴·马尔也认为流行音乐不只是娱乐。他说在塞内加尔故事讲述者往往是非常重要的人物。过去，他们是人民历史的书写者。巴巴认为词曲写作者也拥有同样的责任。他们必须写自己周围的世界并帮助人们明白怎样才能让生活更加美好。实际上，歌词的内容非常重要。他倡导在非洲要和平与合作，同时也包括妇女权利，热爱家庭和保护环境。

南非最有名的一位流行音乐家是布伦达法西，人们常常将她与美国的流行歌手麦丹娜相提并论，因为她的舞台表现力震撼人心。但她也喜欢令人们思考，20世纪80年代，她以一曲关于反对种族隔离的歌曲成名。现在种族隔离已经终止了，她的歌曲是关于南非文化和生活的其他方面。她使用了当地的非洲语言和名为kwaito的新的流行形式来演绎这一歌曲。

近些年，非洲之外的人们也开始听这些年轻音乐家的作品，通过音乐，非洲的年轻一代音乐家和世界上其他地方相联系，同时也影响着世界的其他地方。

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