动词的语态
第三章动词的语态
一.概念:
动词的语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语之间语法或语义的关系。英语的
语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态用于主动句，表示主语是动作的执行者；被动语态用于被动句，表示主语是动作的承受者。主动语态的构成方式与动
词时态相同，而被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，有人称／数／时态的变化。
二. 相关知识点精讲
1. let 的用法
1）当let后只有一个单音节动词，变被动语态时，可用不带to 的不定式。例如：They let the strange go.他们放陌生人走了。
---> The strange was let go.
2）当let 后宾补较长时，let 通常不用被动语态，而用allow或permit 代替。例如：The nurse let me go to see my classmate in the hospital. 那护士让我去探望住院的同
学。
----> I was allowed / permitted to see my classmate in the hospital.
2.短语动词的被动语态
短语动词是一个整体，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。例如：
My sister will be taken care of by Grandma. 我妹妹由奶奶照顾。
Such a thing has never been heard of before. 这样的事闻所未闻。
3. 表示"据说"或"相信" 的词组，基本上由
believe, consider, declare1, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand等组成。例如：
It is said that……据说
It is reported that……据报道
It is believed that……大家相信
It is hoped that……大家希望
It is well known that……众所周知
It is thought that……大家认为
It is suggested that……据建议
1declare war on poverty 向贫困宣战
declare his intention in the speech声明意图
declare sb. the winner 宣布某人为优胜者
It is taken granted that……被视为当然
It has been decided that……大家决定
It must be remember that……务必记住的是
4. 不用被动语态的情况
1）不及物动词或不及物动词短语，如appear, die, disappear, end（vi. 结束）, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lo se heart, take place等没有无被动语态。例如：
After the fire, very little remained of my house. 大火过后，我家烧得所剩无几。
比较：rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。
要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。
2）不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语，如fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch, agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, hap pen to, take part in, walk into, belong to等。例如：
This key just fits the lock. 这把钥匙只配这把锁。
Your story agrees2 with what had already been heard. 你说的与我们听说的一致。
3)系动词无被动语态，如appear, be, become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn等。例如：
It sounds good. 听上去不错。
4）带同源宾语的及物动词如die/death, dream/dream， live/life等，以及反身代词，相互代词，不能用于被动语态。例如：
She dreamed a bad dream last night. 她昨晚做了个恶梦。
5）当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。例如：
（对） She likes to swim.
（错） To swim is liked by her.
2agree to 对计划提议等表示同意
Do you agree to this arrangement?
I will never agree to having you for my heir(继承人).
Agree with 对意见等表示赞同，赞同某人或某人说的话
I agree with your argument/ what you say.
Agree on/upon/about 对……达成协议，对……取得一致意见
Have you agreed about the price yet?
5. 主动形式表示被动意义
1）wash, clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell等。例如： The book sells well. 这本书销路好。
This knife cuts easily. 这刀子很好用。
2）blame, let（出租）, remain, keep, rent, build等。例如：
I was to blame for the accident. 事故发生了，我该受指责。
Much work remains. 还有许多活要干。
3）在need, require, want, worth （形容词）, deserve后的动名词必须用主动形式。当 need, want, require, be worth后面接doing时，表示的是被动意义。例如：
The door needs repairing.= The door needs to be repaired. 门该修了。
The floor requires washing/ to be washed. 地板得拖洗了。
Your shoes want cleaning. 你的鞋须要擦擦了。
This book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。
4）特殊结构：make sb. heard / understood （使别人能听见/理解自己）等。例如：Explain it clearly and make yourself understood. 解释清楚些，让别人理解你的话。6. 被动形式表示主动意义，如 be determined, be pleased, be graduated （from）, be prepared （for）, be occupied （with）, get married等。例如：
be determined about quitting smoking 下定决定戒烟
be pleased about/at sth. 对某事很高兴或满意
be prepared for power cuts by buying a lot of candles 买了许多蜡烛准备断电时用
He is graduated from a famous university. 他毕业于一所有名的大学。
He is fully occupied with work. 工作使他忙得不可开交。
His work occupies him for the whole day. 工作使他忙了一整天。
注意：表示同某人结婚，用marry sb. 或get married to sb.均可。例如：
He married a rich girl. 他与一个富妞结婚了。
He got married to a rich girl.
三.巩固练习
1. I___________ (teach) here for ten years since I finished school.
2. Would you mind me __________ (use) your bike?
3. The students of Class Two___________ (sweep) their classroom now.
4. The Whites____________ (not listen) to the radio at that time.
5. It's better to give than__________ (receive).
6. How long ______you_______ (live) in this town?
7. You _______ (come) here last year, ______ you?
8. ----When ______ you______ (see) him? ----I______ (see) him last Sunday.
9. She said that the car___________ (use) the next week.
10. I didn't know what __________ (happen) to China in a century.
11. When I got to the station, the train ____ already ______ (leave).
12. The stone bridge______________ (build) in our hometown for ten years.
13. The desk must ______ (clean) once a day.
14. The dog _________ (lie) on the floor when I came in.
15. It _________(rain) heavily when I got home.
16. Her mother____________ (cook) at this time yesterday.
17. The students _____________ (do) their homework. _______ (not make) any noise!
18. ----______ you ever_______ (be) to Beijing? ----Yes. I________ (go) there last week.
19. He'll telephone us as soon as he _________ (arrive) there.
20. Jiefang trucks____________ (make) in Changchun.
21. A pen is used for__________ (write).
22. All that must ________ (do).
23.My friend can't decide which pair of trousers___ (choose). So she asked me to go shopp ing with her.
24. They find it useful__________ (learn) English.
25. The old man often________ (tell) the children a story in the evening. This evening he ________ (tell) two stories.
26. The radio_____ (use) once in a week in our class. It___ (not use) yesterday because th ere was something wrong with it.
27. Would please tell us how___________ (make3) the watch ________ (work)?
3［宾语后常接不带to的不定式，但用被动语态时不定式不省略to］使，促使，劝使，迫使
Make the machine work
make sb. feel welcome
make sb. see reason 使某人明白事理
make oneself heard
She was made to leave the room.
The idea was practical and could be made to work. 这个创意符合实际行得通。
28. She doesn't know what_________ (do) and where__________ (go).
四.答案
1. have taught
2. using
3. are sweeping
4. weren’t listening
5. to receive
6. have ,
lived 7. came …didn’t 8. did … see, saw 9. would be used 10. would happen 11. had … left
12. has been built 13. be cleaned 14. was lying 15. was raining 16. was cooking 17. are doing , Don’t make 18. have … been, went 19. arrives 20. are made 21. writing 22. be done 23. t o choose 24. to learn 25. tells, will tell 26. is used,, was not used 27. to make, work 28. to do,, to go
动词被动语态经典例题经典
动词被动语态经典例题经典 一、动词被动语态 1．—Oh, your room is too dirty, Mike! —Sorry, Mum. It yesterday. I forgot to do it. A. didn't clean B. isn't cleaned C. was cleaned D. wasn't cleaned 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：——哦，你的房间是太脏了，Mike！——对不起，妈妈。昨天房间没有打扫，我忘记了。it代指room，是动作clean的承受者，所以用被动语态，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，结构是was/were+动词过去分词，主语是it，所以用was，clean的过去分词是cleaned，根据 I forgot to do it.可知没有打扫房间，所以用wasn't，故选D。 【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态，注意平时识记，理解句意。 2．To make our city more beautiful, rubbish _________ into the river. A. needn't be thrown B. can't thrown C. mustn't be thrown D. may not thrown 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】为了使我们的城市更美丽，禁止往河里扔垃圾。根据语境，本句的主语是动作的承受者，应用被动语态。另外，表示禁止、不允许应用mustn’t。故选C。 3． ________of the relaxing time for Chinese people every day ________in watching TV. A. Two thirds; are spent B. Two thirds; is spent C. Two third; are spent D. Two third; is spent 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意为：中国人每天有2/3的休闲时间花在看电视上。英语中分数的表达为：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，序数词应加s。由于本句主语是“time（时间）”，是动作的承受者，应用被动语态，故选B。 【点评】考查序数词及被动语态。 4．Teenagers should ________ to take care of themselves from a young age. A. educate B. be educating C. have educated D. be educated 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意:我们应该从小时候就开始教育年轻人照顾自己。结合语境可知本句主语是动作对象，故用被动语态。选D。 5．A lot of trees around here every year and we can enjoy fresher air now.
【英语】 动词被动语态考点解析(Word版附答案)
【英语】动词被动语态考点解析（Word版附答案） 一、动词被动语态 1． many times, he finally understood it. A. Told B. Telling C. Having told D. Having been told 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：在告诉他多次之后，最后他终于明白了。understood，明白。过去式，告诉是在他明白之前，因此用过去完成时，他和告诉之间是被动关系，因此用过去完成时的被动语态，having been done，故选D。 【点评】考查分词及完成时的被动语态。 2．— Mom, where is my model plane? — Oh, it ______ to Jenny yesterday. A. is lent B. lends C. was lent D. lent 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】考查被动语态的用法。句意：-妈妈，我的飞机模型在哪里？-哦，昨天借给了詹妮。因为句子的主语是it，代指的是my model plane，my model plane与lend之间是被动关系。句子的时间状语是yesterday，所以应该用一般过去时的被动语态，故选C。 3．It's not your turn yet.Please wait on the chair over there until you _______. A. are calling B. have called C. are called 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：现在还没有轮到你．请等在那边的椅子上，直到有人叫你。结合语境可知，主语you是动作call的承受者，因此这里用一般现在时态的被动语态，结构式is/are/am+动词的过去分词．主语是you，用be动词are．call的过去分词是called．答案是C 【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。 4．—Do you know when and where the 24 Winter Olympic Games___________? —In Beijing and Zhangjiakou, in 2022. A. is held B. will be held C. will hold 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：—你知道24届冬奥会什么时候在哪里举行吗？—2022年在北京和张家口。根据in 2022.可知是一般将来时态。冬奥会被举办，the 24 Winter Olympic Games和hold之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，will be+过去分词，故选B。
高考英语语法填空——动词的时态和语态专题
高考英语——动词的时态和语态（专项练习题） 单句语法填空 1．We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite，rather than ________ (divide) us. 2．Silk ________(become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. 3．When the time came to make the final decision for a course，I decided to apply for the one that ________(reflect) my interest. 4．More efforts，as reported，________(make)in the years ahead to accelerate the supply－side structural reform. 5．Dashan，who ________ (learn)crosstalk，the Chinese comedic tradition，for decades，wants to mix it up with the Western stand－up tradition. 6．When walking down the street，I came across David，whom I ________ (see) for years. 7．Two years ago，while Cathy ________ (watch) the Olympics，a dream came into her sweet little head—to be a swimmer. 8．Jack ________(work)in the lab when the power cut occurred. 9.I ________(read)half of the English novel，and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend. 10．The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ________ (reward)success in the end. 11．—Excuse me，which movie are you waiting for? —The new Star Wars.We ________ (wait)here for more than two hours. 12．Secret codes keep messages private.Banks，companies，and government agencies use secret codes in doing business，especially when information ________ (send)by computer. 13．People in this area are in fact French citizens because it________(be) a colony of the French Republic since 1946.
动词的语态
动词的语态 一.概念: 英语的语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态用于主动句,表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态用于被动句,表示主语是动作的承受者。主动语态的构成方式与动词时态相同,而被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成,有人称,数,时态的变化。 被动语态的用法 当谓语表示一个动作时，主语和它可以有两种不同关系；主动关系或被动关系。在表示主动关系时（即主语为动作的执行者时），谓语的形式称为主动语态。在表示被动关系时（即主语为动作的承受者时），谓语要用另一种形式，称为被动语态。在被动结构的句子中，动作执行者可以由介词by引起的短语表示，时态通过be表现出来。结构：助动词be+过去分词 1）一般现在时。例如： You’re wanted on the phone. 有人给你打电话。 2）一般过去时。例如： The book was finished last week. 这书是上周写完的。 3）一般将来时。例如： You’ll be allowed to go out tomorrow. 明天让你出去。 4）现在进行时和过去进行时。例如： a. The building is being built. 这幢楼正在修自行车。 b. The bikes were being repaired. 那时正在修自行车。 5）现在完成时和过去完成时。例如： a. This book has been translated into English. 这本书已被译成英语。 b. The car had been repaired. 这时汽车已修完了。 使用被动语态的情况 1）需要突出或强调承受者时。例如： His work was stopped for a time during the First World War. 他的工作在第一次世界大战期间中断。 The road has been repaired. 道路已经修好了。 2）不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时。例如： Negroes were first brought to America as slaves. 黑人最初作为奴隶被带到美国。 When was the PLA founed? 中国人民解放军何时成立？ 3）对事物作客观说明时 It was reported that the scientists were searching for new ways to solve this problem. 据报道，科学家们正在寻求新的方法来解决这个难题。 4）出于礼貌措辞等方面的考虑不愿说出动作的执行者是谁。例如： It is generally considered not advisable to smoke here. 一般认为在这儿吸烟是不妥当的。 使用被动语态应注意下面几点。 1）短语动词的被动语态，要保持短语动词的完整性，动词后面的介词或副词切记不可遗漏。例如： These books must be taken good care of. 这些书必须好好保管。 The children were well looked after. 孩子们受到了良好的护理。
(完整版)初中英语语法—动词的语态讲解
初中英语语法——动词的语态讲解 动词的语态 知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！ 英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态（The Active Voice）和被动语态（The Passive Voice）。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，例如： Many people speak English . (主动语态) English is spoken by many people. (被动语态) 1、被动语态的构成 被动语态由"助动词be +及物动词的过去分词"构成。助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。被动语态的肯定式、否定式及疑问式列表如下： 肯定句：主语+ be+ 过去分词 +（by…） eg. He is often asked to do this work (by his boss). 否定句：主语+ be not +过去分词 +（by…） eg. I am not invited to the party (by him). 一般疑问句：Be + 主语+过去分词+ （by…）？ eg. Are your clothes washed by yourself? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+ be+主语 +过去分词+ （by…）？ eg. What is this sweater made of? 现以动词give为例，其被动语态的各种时态如下：
3、被动语态的用法： 1）当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。例如： This jacket is made of cotton. English is spoken in many countries in the world. 2）强调动作的承受者时。如：The boy was saved at last.这个男孩最后得救了。 3）主动语态变被动语态的步骤: 主动句: The boy broke the window yesterday. 被动句: The window was broken by the boy yesterday. 步骤一：原句中的宾语the window变成主语。 步骤二：谓语动词broke改为被动形式：was broken 步骤三：原句中的主语The boy放在介词by的后面。 步骤四：其他成分如：yesterday不变。 5) 有两个宾语的句子的被动语态： A. 可有两种被动语态的常用动词有：buy，give，leave，lend，offer，pay，teach，tell，show，等。 1. He gave me the book just now. The book was given to me( by him) just now. = I was given the book (by him) just now. 2. They show the guard their passports at the entrance to the building. The passports were shown to the guard by them at the entrance to the building.
2018届中考英语专题复习专题十二动词的语态考点综合集训含解析
专题十二动词的语态 Ⅰ.根据句意, 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1.As soon as he was_______ (offer) a well-paid job, he called his parents to tell them the good news. 2.The decision to set up a No Homework Day every week is _______ (welcome) by all the students. 3.We are sure that PM 2.5 will be _______ (control) if we work together to solve the pollution problem. 4.Though drivers are _______ (ask) not to drink wine before driving, some of them still break the law. 5.Look at my scarf. It’s so smooth. I bought it during my trip to France, but it was _______ (make) in China. 6.A football match between Class Two and Class Three will be _______ (hold)tomorrow afternoon. 7.The geography teacher said that nearly three quarters of the earth is _______ (cover) with water. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/7f1517986.html,st year many of his short stories were _______ (translate)into some foreign languages. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/7f1517986.html,ually, books for children are _______ (write) in simple languages. 10.I’m glad to find that many trees w ere _______ (plant) in our city last year. Ⅱ.语法与情景对话 1.—How beautiful these pictures are! —Really?They _______ during my stay in Europe last year. A. are taken B. were taken C. will be taken D. have been taken 2.［2017龙东地区改编］The number of the old people is increasing in China. With the development of China, they _______ better care of in the future. A. will take B. are taken C. will be taken D. take 3.［2017宜昌］—Quite a few new laws and rules on food safety _______ into use last month. —Can you tell me what they are? A. were putting B. have been put C. were put D. put 4.［2017河南］—Why are you leaving your job? —I can’t stand it any longer. I _______ always _______ to work overtime. A. am; asking B. am; asked C. was; asking D. was; asked 5.［2017重庆A卷］This picture _______ by my cousin last year. A. draws B. drew C. is drawn D. was drawn 6.［2017襄阳］The 24th Winter Olympic Games _______ in Beijing and Zhangjiakou in 2022, from February 4th to 20th. A. is going to hold B. hold C. will be held D. was held 7.［2017西宁］—I want to teach in the poor countryside of Qinghai when I graduate from the college.
重点归纳：动词的时态和语态
支付宝首页搜索“933314”领红包，每天都能领。付款前记得用红包 动词的时态 1. 动词的时态主要有： 一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、现在完成进行时、一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、一般过去将来时、一般将来时、将来进行时和将来完成时等。 2. 一般将来时的表达方式： (1)一般将来时表示未来的动作或状态，常与表示将来的时间状语，如：tomorrow, next day, soon, in a month, in the future, next Sunday等连用。有时句中无时间状语，时间关系由上下文暗示； (2)will do还表示临时的决定； (3)在if, unless, before, after, until等引导的条件或时间状语从句中，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时，而主句用一般将来时； (4) “be going to+动词原形”表示打算、计划、决定要做的事或有迹象表明即将发生的动作或状态； (5) “be+V-ing形式”表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，这一结构常用于以下动词，如：come, go, leave, arrive, return, fly, meet, see, do, have, get等；
(6) “be about to+动词原形”表示打算或安排即将发生的动作。它一般不与表示时间的副词或其他时间状语连用； (7) “be to+动词原形”表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作； (8) 一般现在时表示按时刻表或根据规定将要发生的动作，这一结构常用于表示位移的动词，如：come, go, leave, start, begin, take off, set off等。 动词的语态 1. 一般现在时的被动语态： is/am/are+V-ed。例如：English is widely spoken all over the world. 2. 一般过去时的被动语态： was/were+V-ed。例如：The underground was built five years ago. 3. 一般将来时的被动语态： ①will/shall be+V-ed。例如： The decision will be made at the meeting tomorrow. We shall be punished if we break the rule. ②be going to be+V-ed。例如：The problem is going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow.
英语动词时态语态知识点详解
英语动词时态语态知识点详解 一般现在时 主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等。 例句： He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. She has a brother who lives in New York. The earth goes around the sun. Guangzhou is situated in the south of China. 考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。 I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有： 时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/ the minute, the day; 条件：if, unless, provided. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. 考点三：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter+宾语从句中，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment. 只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。 考点四：在the more…the more…(越……越……) 的句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句通常用一般现在时。 The harder you study, the better results you will get. 现在进行时 表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动：表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。 例句： We are having English class. The house is being built these days. The little boy is always making trouble. 考点一：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。 Look out when you are crossing the street. Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning. 考点二：表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。Marry is leaving on Friday.
动词被动语态讲解
模块八动词的被动语态 (1)被动语态定义：被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,用来说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。 如果主语是动作的执行者(即某人做某事),便叫主动语态； 如果主语是动作的承受者(即某事被做),便叫被动语态。 主动与被动的区别不是词序的区别,而是主语与谓语意义上的区别。 在英语中只有及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态的形式。 (2)英语中被动语态由“助动词be +动词的过去分词”构成。助动 词be有时态、人称和数的变化。被动语态后的by短语有时可 (1) 被动语态的用法： ①不知道谁是动作的执行者(即不知道谁做)时用被动语态,省 略by短语。 如：A man was killed in the accident.(一个人死于事故) This window was broken yesterday.(这扇窗子是昨天被打破的) ②不说或者众所周知是谁做时,用被动语态,省略by短语。 如：Rice is also grown in this place.(这个地方也种水稻) A railroad will be built here in three years.(三年之后这里
将要修建一条铁路) ③强调动作的承受者,句尾加by短语。 如：It was written by Lu Xun.(它(书)是鲁迅写的) A pet dog is never killed by its owner.(宠物狗是不会被主 人宰杀的) (2) 主动语态如何改写为被动语态： + 受者) + (动作的承受者) (be +过去分词) (动作的执行者) (3) 注意点： ①“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”改为被动时,可以用间接宾语做被动句的主语。如： His teacher gave him a dictionary. →He was given a dictionary by his teacher.(老师给他一本字典 →他得到老师一本字典) 也可以用直接宾语做被动句的主语,但是需用to或者for引出 原句的间接宾语。 如：His teacher gave him a dictionary. →A dictionary was given to．． him by his teacher.(老师给他一本 字典→一本字典由老师送给了他) /His father made him a kite. →A kite was made for ．．．him by his father.(他的父亲给他做了一个风筝→一个风筝由他的父亲做给了他) ②“动词+宾语+动词原形”改为被动时,动词原形前要加to. 如：The boss made the poor man work 12 hours a day. →The poor man was made to．． work 12 hours a day.(老板让这个可怜的人一天工作12小时→这个可怜人被迫一天工作12小时)
(完整word版)高中英语动词时态语态复习讲解
高中英语时态语态讲解 1、一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作；表示客观规律和永恒真理；按照计划安排好了将要发生的动作（一般指时 刻表）等 He usually goes to w ork at 7 o’clock every morning. The train to Shanghai leaves at 7am. 考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点二：在时间、方式、让步和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 条件：if, unless, provided. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. 只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。 2、现在进行时 表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动；或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。 We are having English class. The house is being built these days. The little boy is always making trouble. 考点一：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。Look out when you are crossing the street. Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning. 考点二：表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。 Marry is leaving on Friday. 3、现在完成时 （1）非延续动作：动作发生在过去，对现在有影响。（2）延续性动作：动作和状态的持续。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语： 考点一：for + 时间段；since + 时间点 They have lived in Beijing for five years. They have lived in Beijing since 1995. 考点二：常见的不确定的时间状语：lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days, Has it stopped raining yet ? 考点三：在表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来……”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。 in the past；over the past; during the last等 考点四：表示“第几次做某事，”或在“It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词＋that” 后面,主句是一般现在时态时，从句用现在完成时。 This is my first time that I have visited China. This is the most interesting film I have ever seen. 4．一般过去时 表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用, 注意： 考点一：used to + do，表示过去经常但现在已不再维持的习惯动作。 be/become/get used to + doing，表示习惯于 He used to smoke a lot. He has got used to getting up early. 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替过去将来时。 He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise 5. 过去进行时
动词的语态专题
12. 动词的语态 语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。 主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。 1）若宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加"to"。此类动词为感官动词。 feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch The teacher made me go out of the classroom. --> I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher). We saw him play football on the playground. --> He was seen to play football on the playground. 2）情态动词+ be +过去分词，构成被动语态。 Coal can be used to produce electricity for agriculture and industry. 12.1 let 的用法 1）当let后只有一个单音节动词，变被动语态时，可用不带to 的不定式。 They let the strange go.---> The strange was let go. 2）若let 后宾补较长时，let 通常不用被动语态，而用allow或permit 代替。 The nurse let me go to see my classmate in the hospital. ----> I was allowed / permitted to see my classmate in the hospital. 12.2 短语动词的被动语态 短语动词是一个整体，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。 This is a photo of the power station that has been set up in my hometown. My sister will be taken care of by Grandma. Such a thing has never been heard of before.. 12.3 表示"据说"或"相信" 的词组 believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand
英语动词有两种语态
英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。初中阶段的被动语态有五种时态，我们可以从以下方面进行小结： 一、被动语态的时态及结构（以动词do为例） 结构：主语+ be + 过去分词注：被动对象即主语，需要映出主动对象用by +sb（宾格）时态：1. 一般现在时：主语（被动对象）+am （is, are）done+ (by +主动对象). 2.带情态动词的被动语态：主语+ must (can, may, should, need, would) be done 3. 一般过去时：主语+was (were) done+ (by +主动对象) 4. 一般将来时：主语+will (shall) be done + (by +主动对象) 5. 现在进行时：主语+ am (is, are) being done+ (by +主动对象) 6. 现在完成时：主语+ have (has) been done + (by +主动对象) 二、从初中阶段所学五种基本句型谈变被动语态时应注意的问题。 1．主语+ 连系动词+ 表语(S+V+P) 此结构不可用被动语态。 (正) The flowers smell sweet. (误) The flowers are smelt sweet. 2．主语+ 不及物动词(S+V) 此结构不可变被动语态。 (正) An accident happened last night. (误) An accident was happened last night. 3．主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语(S + V+ O) （1）将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语 Children often sing this song This song is often sung by children. （2）将含有介词或副词的动词短语变为被动结构时，不可将介词或副词去掉。 We should listen to the teachers carefully. The teachers should be listened to carefully. 4．主语+ 及物动词+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语(S + V+ IO+ DO) （1）.将表人的间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语不变。 He showed us a picture . We were shown a picture. （2）.将指物的直接宾语变为主语，要在间接宾语前加介词to或for. 常用加to的动词give, show, pass, read等 常用加for的动词buy, get, make, sing, draw 等 A picture was shown to us. A dictionary was bought for me by my parents. 5．主语+及物动词+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语(S+ V+ O + C) 如动词为make, see, hear, watch，let 等，后接宾语补足语为不带“to”不定式时，变被动语态时要加上“to” 。 I saw him fall off the tree. He was seen to fall off the tree. 6. "be + 过去分词" 并非都是被动语态，系动词be, feel, seem,look,等词后面的过去分词已转化为形容词，作表语用，表示某种状态。 I'm interested in mathematics. 我对数学感兴趣。
高考英语复习专题：动词时态和语态
高考英语专题复习：动词时态和语态 一、考点聚焦 1、动词时态考查要点简述 （1）一般现在时考点分析①表示客观事实或普通真理（不受时态限制）The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun. Water boils at 100o C. ②表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；表示经常或习惯性的动作，多 用动作动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用。 Ice feels cold. We always care for each other and help each other. ③表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时：see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong seem等。如： I know what you mean. Smith owns a car and a house. All the students here belong to No.1 Middle School. ④在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”，但不表示时态。 If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.如果你愿意接受并参加我们的舞会，我的家人会非常高兴。 ⑤少数用于表示起止的动词如come、go、leave、arrive、fly、return、start、begin、pen、close、end、stop等常用一般现在时代替将来时，表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。当be表示根据时间或事先安排，肯定会出现的状态，只用一般现在时。 The shop closes at 11:00 p.m. every day. Tomorrow is Wednesday. （2）一般过去时的考点分析（考核重点）。 ①一般过去时的基本用法：表示过去的事情、动作或状态常与表示过去具体的时间状语连用（或有上下文语境暗示）；用于表达过去的习惯；表示说话人原来没有料到、想到或希望的事通常用过去式。如：
动词的语态(Voice)知识点.
动词的语态(V oice) 知识点 ‖语态概述‖ 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。 Everybody likes Mr.Smith. 大家都喜欢史密斯先生。(主动) Mr.Smith is liked by everybody. 史密斯先生受到大家的喜欢。(被动) 注意，在动词时态中被动语态的时态是与主动语态中的时态一致的： be done 例如: to keep 时态/ 动词主动语态被动语态 一般现在时keeps is kept 现在进行时is keeping is being kept
一般过去时kept was kept 过去进行时was keeping was being kept 现在完成时have kept have been kept 过去完成时had kept had been kept 一般将来时will keep will be kept 虚拟语气would keep would be kept 虚拟语气的过去时would have kept would have been kept 不定式to keep to be kept 完成不定式to have kept to have been kept 动名词keeping being kept 完成式分词having kept having been kept
主动: I keep the butter in the fridge. 被动: The butter is kept in the fridge(by me). 主动: They stole the painting. 被动: The painting was stolen. 主动: They are repairing the road. 被动: The road is being repaired. 主动: Shakespeare wrote Hamlet. 被动: Hamlet was written by Shakespeare. 主动: A dog bit him. 被动: He was bitten by a dog. 注意：1）感官动词主动语态的宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加"to"。 例如： The teacher made me go out of the classroom. 老师逼我走出