as引导定语从句的用法
as引导定语从句的用法
as 引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一个主句；which 引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。另外，as有“正如……，正像……”的意思
(1) As is known to all, China is a developing country.
(2) He is from the south, as we can see from his accent.
(3) John, as you know, is a famous writer.
(4) He has been to Paris more than several times, which I don’t believe.
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As 的用法例
1. the same…as；such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和……一样……。
I have got into the same trouble as he (has).
例2. as可引导非限制性从句，常带有'正如'。
As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.
As is known, smoking is harmful to one's health.
As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语；
例2中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know要用被动式。
一、“as / which”特殊定语从句的先行成分
1. 形容词或形容词短语作先行成分, 具有形容词意义的介词短语也可以充当先行成分，如：
My grandmother’s house was always of great importance to me, as my own is.
在一定的语言环境里，有些名词可以具有形容词的性质。这些名词主要是那些表示人的身份、职业、状态的名词。值得一提的是，在这些具有形容词性质的名词之后，引导定语从句的关系代词不能用who / whom.
2. 动词短语先行成分。
这种动词短语既可是限定形式也可是非限定形式。如果是动态动词短语，它们在从句中就一般有限定或非限定形式的替代动词do和as / which一起代替。do可以出现，也可以不出现，但不能用其它动词代替。
3. 句子作先行成分。
这句子可以是整个主句也可以只是主句中的一个从句。有时是连续几个句子，有时甚至可以是一个完整的故事。
二、“as/which”特殊定语从句在句中的位置
由于先行成分的构成成分不同，“as/which”特殊定语从句在句中的位置有以下几种情况：1. 形容词做先行成分时：形容词或形容词短语（含具有形容词性质的名词）作先行成分，“as / which”特殊定语从句置于先行成分之后。
2. 动词短语作先行成分时：动词短语作先行成分时，“as / which”特殊定语从句置于先行成分之后。但是，当从句中含有表示主观意志的插入成分时，“as”特殊定语从句可以移至句子之首。
3. 句子作先行成分时：“as”特殊定语从句的位置较灵活，可以置于先行成分之前、之中或之后。但如果先行成分是直接引语，“as”特殊定语从句多在先行成分之前。如果先行成分是否定句，“as”特殊定语从句与否定词的相对位置不同可以使它产生不同的意义。由于“as”特殊定语从句具有这一特点，所以有时它的位置不能随便移动。在非正式的文体里，“which”特殊定语从句可以出现在先行成分之中。
三、“as/which”特殊定语从句的语义功能
一般说来，as与which的语义功能相同，可以相互替换。但先行成分为句子时，它们的语义功能则有差异。
1. 表示结果
表示结果的特殊定语从句与其先行成分之间存在着一定的因果关系，从句中往往使用有结果意义的词，如动词result, make, enable, cause和形容词interesting, surprising, delightful, disgraceful等。
2. 表示评注
表示评注的特殊定语从句对其先行成分所述事实的正确性有肯定的倾向，它通常与那些表示客观事实，普遍真理或某种习性的先行成分连用；从句中则常用一些表示“合乎自然规律”、“众所周知”或“经常发生”等意义的词语，如natural, known to all, usual等。
3. 有无状语意义
“as”特殊定语从句具有状语意义（主要是方式状语意义），而“which”特殊定语从句则无状语意义。“as”特殊定语从句的状语意义要求它在语义上与其先行成分的语义保持一致，“which”特殊定语从句则不受这种限制。
四、关系代词as与which的句法功能
1. as / which 在特殊定语从句中作主语。
as作主语时，谓语动词常为连系动词（主要是be, seem），主语补语为usual、a rule、a matter of fact等时，系动词be习惯经常省略。行为动词作“as”特殊定语从句的谓语时一般用于被动语态（其中助动词be常略），不及物的行为动词在“as”特殊定语从句中作谓语的极少，常见的有happen一词。如：
Freddie, as might be expected, was attending the conference.
Which作主语时，谓语动词不限，主语被动皆可，只是谓语动词为被动语态时助动词be 省略。
2. as和which都可以在特殊定语从句中宾语。
3. as和which在特殊定语从句中作补语。如：
We thought him a gentleman, as/which he could never be.
“as”特殊定语从句中可以主谓倒装，“which”从句中则不能主谓倒装。
如果先行成分不是主语补语或宾语补语，关系代词用which而不用as。如：
He talked like a native, which/as he hardly was.
4. which在特殊从定语句中作定语。
which可以在特殊定语从句中作定语，修饰fact, matter, thing 等名词。这些名词代表先行成分表达的意义，有时将其略去句义仍然完整。as不能作定语。如：
I was told to go not by train but bus, which advice I followed.
第一、在限制性定语从句中的区别：
as 的用法：其通常和such\ the same连用，代指物在从句中做主语或宾语
This is the same pen as I bought yesterday。
这种笔和我昨天买的笔一样（同样的但不是同一个）。引导定语从句的关系词在从句中做宾语，因先行词被the same所修饰所以用as引导
注意：上句与下句的区别This is the same pen that I used yesterday.这就是昨天我使用的那一支钢笔（指的是同一个）。
I studied in the same school as she did in Beijing.
我和他在北京的同一所学校就读。
引导定语从句的关系词在从句中做宾语，因先行词被the same所修饰所以用as引导
I want to have such a dictionary as he has.
我想要一本和他的一样的字典。
引导定语从句的关系词在从句中做宾语，因先行词被such所修饰所以用as引导
which的用法：关系代词，在从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时通常可以省略（直接做介词的宾语时除外，不能省。）
The radio which he bought yesterday doesn't work now.
他昨天买的收音机现在坏了。
引导定语从句的关系代词在从句中做宾语，代指物，故用which.
Can you lend me the book which was written by Lun Xun..
你能借我那本由鲁迅所写的书吗？
引导定语从句的关系代词在从句中做主语，代指物，故用which.
This is the park which is the most beautiful one in our city.
这是我们这个城市最漂亮的公园。
引导定语从句的关系代词在从句中做主语，代指物，故用which.
This is the map by which we can get to the forest.
这是张地图，借助它我们能到达那个森林。
引导定语从句的关系代词在从句中做介词的宾语，代指物，故用which.
第二、在非限制性定语从句中的区别：
as的用法：①在从句中通常做主语代指整个主句，②表示的意思是正如正象③其引导的定语从句即可以放在主句之前也可以放在主句之后。
The Pacific is the largest ocean, as we all know.
太平洋是最大的洋，这一点我们都知道（正如我们所知到的，太平洋是最大的洋）。
引导非限制性定语从句的as在从句中做know的宾语，其代指整个主句。
As we expect, we won the game.
我们赢了，这一点在我们预料之中。（正如我们预料的一样，我们赢了）。
引导非限制性定语从句的as在从句中做主语，其代指整个主句。从句在主句的前面
The earth is round, as we all know.
地球是圆的，这一点我们都知道。（正如我们所知到的一样地球是圆的）
引导非限制性定语从句的as在从句中做know的宾语，其代指整个主句。
As is known to all, he is the best student in our class.
众所周知，他是我们班上最好的学生。（正如我们所知到的一样，他是我们班上最好的学生。
引导非限制性定语从句的as在从句中做主语，其代指整个主句。
which的用法：①关系代词，在从句中做主语或宾语，代指人或物。②当代指整个主句时表示的意思是主句和从句之间是因果关系即因为所以。③其引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。
Tom suddenly fell ill, which made us sad.
Tom突然病倒，这使得我们很伤心。
Which引导的非限制性定语从句在从句中做主语，其代指整个主句，主从句的关系是因果关系，因为他的病，所以我们伤心。
The road was too slippery, which caused lots of accidents.
路太滑了，以至于引起了很多事故。
Which引导的非限制性定语从句在从句中做主语，其代指整个主句，主从句的关系是因果关系，因为路滑，所以出事。
which引导的定语从句
关于which引导从句的小结： 关系代词which 一般指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语，既可引导限制性定语从句，又可引导非限制性定语从句。 1. 引导限制性定语从句 A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best. [ stock存货] 商店应存有最畅销的货物。 This is the family which is planning to move to the city 这是要搬进城里的一家。 2. 引导非限制性定语从句。 （1 ）用来指代一个句子。 Internet is so interesting, which makes all possible happen. 因特网是如此有趣，它使任何事都有可能发生。 （2 ）用来指代句子的一部分。 When deep in thought, which he often was, he would forget all around him. 他常常陷入沉思，这时他就会忘掉周围的一切。 （3 ）如果要引导两个非限制性定语从句，第二个which 前要加and. He bought a book, which was written by LuXun, and which he decided to give to his friend. 他买了本鲁迅写的书，他决定送给朋友。
练习1. [1. board董事会 2. data资料,数据 3. shareholder 【英】股东 4. on behalf of代表 5. guard保护] The ability to guard customer data is the key to market value, which the board is responsible for on behalf of shareholders. which的先行词是谁？ 译文：保护客户资料的能力是市场价值的关键，董事会代表股东对市场价值负有责任。 【难点小结：1.介词短语 2.which 的先行词 3. 非限制性定语从句有时要翻译成一句话】 例2. 【1.semiconductor半导体 2. casualty伤亡，灭亡，覆灭 3.< A sit at the heart of B> A是B的核心】
as引导定语从句的用法
as引导定语从句的用法 as 引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一个主句；which 引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。另外，as有“正如……，正像……”的意思 (1) As is known to all, China is a developing country. (2) He is from the south, as we can see from his accent. (3) John, as you know, is a famous writer. (4) He has been to Paris more than several times, which I don’t believe. ================================ As 的用法例 1. the same…as；such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和……一样……。 I have got into the same trouble as he (has). 例2. as可引导非限制性从句，常带有'正如'。 As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. As is known, smoking is harmful to one's health. As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语； 例2中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know要用被动式。 一、“as / which”特殊定语从句的先行成分 1. 形容词或形容词短语作先行成分, 具有形容词意义的介词短语也可以充当先行成分，如： My grandmother’s house was a lways of great importance to me, as my own is. 在一定的语言环境里，有些名词可以具有形容词的性质。这些名词主要是那些表示人的身份、职业、状态的名词。值得一提的是，在这些具有形容词性质的名词之后，引导定语从句的关系代词不能用who / whom. 2. 动词短语先行成分。 这种动词短语既可是限定形式也可是非限定形式。如果是动态动词短语，它们在从句中就一般有限定或非限定形式的替代动词do和as / which一起代替。do可以出现，也可以不出现，但不能用其它动词代替。 3. 句子作先行成分。 这句子可以是整个主句也可以只是主句中的一个从句。有时是连续几个句子，有时甚至可以是一个完整的故事。 二、“as/which”特殊定语从句在句中的位置 由于先行成分的构成成分不同，“as/which”特殊定语从句在句中的位置有以下几种情况：1. 形容词做先行成分时：形容词或形容词短语（含具有形容词性质的名词）作先行成分，“as / which”特殊定语从句置于先行成分之后。 2. 动词短语作先行成分时：动词短语作先行成分时，“as / which”特殊定语从句置于先行成分之后。但是，当从句中含有表示主观意志的插入成分时，“as”特殊定语从句可以移至句子之首。 3. 句子作先行成分时：“as”特殊定语从句的位置较灵活，可以置于先行成分之前、之中或之后。但如果先行成分是直接引语，“as”特殊定语从句多在先行成分之前。如果先行成分是否定句，“as”特殊定语从句与否定词的相对位置不同可以使它产生不同的意义。由于“as”特殊定语从句具有这一特点，所以有时它的位置不能随便移动。在非正式的文体里，“which”特殊定语从句可以出现在先行成分之中。
where引导定语从句的用法
Where引导定语从句,先行词不一定都表 示地点 1、We will discuss a number of cases __ beginners of English fail to use the language preperly、A、which B、as C、why D、where 2、He was driving so fast as to get himself into a dangerous situation ___he is likely to lose the control over his car、 A、which B、as C、why D、where 两道题都选where ,但就是case, situation都不就是地点,如何理解？ 在“先行词不就是表示地点的名词”的前提下,如何判断就是否使用关系副词where来引导定语从句的问题就是一个高频考点。就就是说,关系副词where 所指代的先行词不只就是表示地点的名词。
用Where引导定语从句,先行词不一定都表示地点按照通常的理解,当where 引导定语从句时,它的先行词就就是表示地点的名词,但事实并不就是我们想象的那么简单。很多情况下,where所指代的先行词并不表示地点。请瞧以下几个例句: Other research, where siblings have been asked to say who their mother and father favor, suggests that mothers do tend to show a preference for their first-born son, but fathers often show great affection for their youngest daughters、 1、Remember that the best relationship is one where your love for each other is greater than your need for each other、请记住,最深的感情关系表现为彼此间的爱超过彼此间的需要。
as 引导定语从句, 在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语
as的用法: (as引导定语从句,在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语) (1)如为限制性的，多用于the same …as ; the same as；such …as …; as many/muchas；so …as等结构中。如： 1. I have the same book as you (have).我有一本和你的一样的书。 Her attitude to him was quite the same as it had always been. (关系代词as和指示代词same连用,在从句中用作表语,先行词是same.) 2.---Why didn't you mention that in face of the police just now? --- I thought it was such a minor detail as was hardly worth mentioning. We will only discuss such problems as have something to do with our own interests.Don't do such things as you are not sure about. There is no such place as you dream of in all this world. 比较： I live in the same house that he used to live in. I'm wearing the same shirt as you wore yesterday. 比较： Here is so big a stone as no one can lift.（定语从句） Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.（结果状语从句） (2)如为非限制性的，多单独引导一个定语从句，这种定语从句可置于句首，句中或句尾，译为"正如，这一点"。（动词常为know, see, expect, point out, etc.） 1. As we all know, smoking is harmful to one's health . (as作宾语) =As is known to all, smoking is harmful to one's health .（as作主语）
as在定语从句中的用法
关系代词as 引导的定语从句 1、as 可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子。如： He married her, as was natural. 他跟她结婚了，这是很自然的事。 He is honest, as we can see. 他很诚实，这一点我们看得出来。 2、as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后，甚至还可以分割主句。另外，as 常 常有“正如、正像”的含义。如： As is known to all, China is a developing country. 众所周知，中国是发展中国家。 He is from the south, as we can know from his accent. 他是南方人，从他的口音我们就可以知道。 John, as you know, is a famous writer. 正如你所知，约翰是个著名作家。 3、当先行词受such, the same 修饰时，关系词常用as。如： I’ve never heard such stories as he tells. 我从未听过象他讲的这样的故事。 He is not such a fool as he looks. 他可不象他看上去的那样傻。 This is the same dictionary as I lost last week. 这部词典跟我上星期丢失的一样。 注意： 当先行词受the same 修饰时，偶尔也用 that引导定语从句，但与as引导的定语从句意思有区别。如：She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary's wedding. 她穿着她在玛丽婚礼上穿过的那个同一条连衣裙。 She wore the same dress as her younger sister wore. 她穿就像着跟她妹妹所穿的一样的连衣裙。
定语从句(完整版)
定语从句 定语从句及相关术语 1.定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, whi ch, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。 注：关系代词有主语.宾语之分。一般whom作为宾语。 4.定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。主要由形容词担任。此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任．单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。 （一）限定性定语从句 一、关系代词（在句中作主语、宾语或定语） 1. that既可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语也可以省略。[eg：this is the book （which）you want。]而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置 2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢 3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括当先行词是anyt hing, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, muc h等修饰时等，这时的that常被省略还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时.以及先行词中既有人又有物时.还有句中前面有which时,都只能用that 4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语 5. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与of which 调换,表达的意思一样。 二、关系副词（在句中作状语） 关系副词=介词+关系代词 why=for which where=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配) when=during/ on/ in/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配) 1. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句。 2. when引导定语从句表示时间［注］值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导。 By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. I still remembe r the first time I met her. Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessiti es, such as towels, soap, toothbrush etc。
as在定语从句中的用法
一.as在定语从句中做关系代词,在从句中充当主语,宾语,或表语,as 做表语习惯省略be动词. as在限制性定语从句中 1.such+名词+as从句 such用来修饰名词 I don't like such a man as talks big.我不喜欢吹牛的人. Such house as she could find was expensive .凡是他能找到的房子都很贵. 注意区别下面两句话 This is such an interesting book as everyone likes.定语从句 as 做宾语这是一本每个人都喜欢的书. This is such an interesting book that everyone likes it. 结果状语从句这是一本有趣的书以至于每个人都喜欢.(such 修饰名词,so修饰形容词或副词) such+名词+as 表列举 I like such animals as dogs ,cats. such +n+as to do sth I am not such a fool to believe her .
such as to do sth Met with disappointments such as to drive me mad . 2.such as从句 such是代词在主句中充当主语,宾语,表语 Such as you see is our house. such as 表列举 I know three languages, such as Chinese,English. such+n+as to =such+n+(that)从句 as such 意思是"本身" Money as such will seldom bring happiness. the same +名词 +as从句 I have the same book as he is reading. 定语从句 as做宾语我有一本和他正在读的一样的一本书.(两本书) I have the same book that he is reading. 定语从句 that做宾语我得到了他正在读的那本书.(同一本书) as(so)+adj+a+名词+as从句只能用名词单数
when 和 where 引导定语从句的用法
when 和 where 引导定语从句的用法 定语从句既是英语语法的一个重点，同时又是一个难点。说它是难点，主要难在两点上：一点是如何正确判断什么样的汉语句子要译为英语的带定语从句的复合句；另一点是定语从句的引导词较多(包括关系代词who, that, which, as 和关系副词when, where, why)，而且其用法也较复杂。那么到底什么情况下用when和where来引导定语从句呢？它们又该怎么用呢？下面就举例说明： 一、when：当主句中的先行词(即主句中被后面定语从句修饰的词)是表示时间意义的名词时，它只能作定语从句的时间状语，放在定语从句句首。如果定语从句的引导词是作该定语从句的主语或宾语，则要改用关系代词that或which来引导。例如： The days when we used foreign oil are gone. 我们用洋油的日子一去不复返了。 I'll never forget the day when I was born. (=I'll never forget my birthday.) 我永远不会忘记我出生的日子。 It happened in November when the weather was wet and cold. 这事发生在天气又湿又冷的十一月。 In the years that (which) followed, Marx kept on studying English and using it. 在这之后的几年中，马克思继续学习和使用英语。(that作定语从句"that followed"的主语) The day (that) I always remember in all my life is my birthday. 我一生中最难忘的日子是我的生日。(that作定语从句"that I always remember in all my life"的宾语，that可以省略)
as和which的用法区别
非限制性定语从句中的as和which ■as 和which的相同点 (1) as 和which都可引导非限制性定语从句，放在主句之后；在非限制性定语从句中充当从句的主语、宾语或表语。如： Tom has found a good job, as / which we all hope. 汤姆找到了一件好工作，这正是我们大家所希望的。 (2) as 和which都可代表整个句子的内容或主句中的某一成分。如： His mother is ill, which makes him very sad. 他母亲病了，这件事情使他很难过。 He has made great progress, as / which makes us very happy. 他进步了，这使得我们很高兴。 以上两句中的as / which都指前面整个句子的内容。 Though he has lots of money, he still rides his old bike, which was bought ten years ago. 尽管他很有钱，但是他还骑着他的旧单车，这单车是十年前买的。 There you can meet many writers as you have ever read in books. 在那里，你可见到你在书中所读过的很多作家。 ■as与which的区别 (1) 当先行词前面有so + adj. + a / such + (a) + adj. , the same等词修饰时，引导词只能用as，而不用which。如： She is so nice a girl as we all like. 她是个我们大家都喜欢的如此好的女孩。 It is such an interesting book as we all want to read. 它是本我们大家都想读的有趣的书。上面两句中的as就不能用which替换。 (2) as 在从句中常作宾语；作主语时，从句的谓语动词常为系动词，即：系表结构或被动结构。如： As is said above, he has conquered the difficulty. 正如上面所说，他征服了困难。
As引导的定语从句(含配套练习与答案)
As引导的定语从句（配练习与答案） 一、Review定语从句 1. 定语从句的基本用法 2. 限制性定从的基本用法 a. 作用：起限定作用, 不可省，使句意不完整。 b. 位置：位于先行词之后，不用逗号。 c. 翻译：用形容词的形式去翻译。 d. 修饰：先行词。 ! Eg: He has two sisters who are working in the city. （他有两个在城市里工作的妹妹。） 3.非限制性定从 a.作用：起补充说明, 可省。 b.位置：位于先行词之后，用逗号隔开。 c.翻译：译成两个并列句。 Eg: He has two sisters , who are working in the city. (他有两个妹妹，都在城市里工作。) d.不能用“that”引导非限制性定从。 e.修饰：先行词或整个句子。 (which可指代整个句子) f.^ g.Eg: He missed the show, which was a great pity. (他错过了那个节目，真是太遗憾 了。) h.表达先行词部分或全部的数量的结构为：先行词为人：some/all + of +whom 先行词为物：some/all + of +which Eg: Here are the questions , some of which I thought are very easy. 二、as 引导限制性定从 1. as 作关系代词, 可指人也可指物, 在从句中可作主语和宾语。 2. 固定搭配: such as (例如, 象这样)，as…..as (和…..一样)，the same as (与…..相同) Eg: Such people as had made great contributions should be respected. (主语) # Eg: You can take as many books as you need. （宾语） 三、As引导的非限定性定从句
where引导的定语从句的先行词
where在定语从句中引导的先行词 一、where定语从句修饰抽象名词point You reach a point where medicine can’t help. 你已到了药物无法治疗的地步。The crisis has reached a point where the receiver will have to be called in. 危机已达到非把破产管理人叫来不可的地步。 We have reached a point where a change is needed. 我们到了必须改一改的地步。 注：有时point也可以是具体的地点： Let the point where AB cuts CD be called E. 设AB线与CD线的相交点为E。The accident happened at the point where the A15 joins the M1. 事故发生在A15与M1交叉的十字路口。 二、where定语从句修饰抽象名词case There are cases where the word “mighty” is used as an a dverb. 在一些情况下，mighty一词可用作副词。 Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly. 今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的问题。 三、where定语从句修饰抽象名词activity Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing. 那些失聪的成功舞蹈演员们认为，舞蹈是一种让人看胜过让人听的活动。 四、where定语从句修饰抽象名词situation He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong. 他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。 If you risk something important, you cause it to be in a dangerous situation where you might lose it. 你如果拿重要的东西去冒险，那你就是将它置于一种可能会失去它的危险境地。 五、where定语从句修饰抽象名词position
As引导各种从句归纳
As引导的从句 一、As引导让步状语从句 为了帮助同学们全面掌握让步状语从句的倒装 用法，本文将这类语法现象归纳为以下五种句型： 1、名词+ as / though +主语+动词 King as he was，he was unhappy. 他虽是国王，但他并不幸福。 Child as he is，he knows to help other. 他虽是个孩子，却知道帮助别人。 【说明】其中的动词通常为连系动词，也就是说位于句首的名词是其后连系动词的表语。另外，要特别注意位于句首的名词前习惯上不用冠词，即使其前有形容词修饰也不用冠词。比较： Boy as ［though］he is，he likes to play with girls.=Though he is a boy，he likes to play with girls. 他虽是男孩，却喜欢与女孩子玩。 Strong man as ［though］he is，General Botha has been severely put to the test during the
past few weeks.= Though he is a strong man，General Botha has been severely put to the test during the past few weeks. 波赛将军虽然坚强，但在过去的数周里也受到了严峻的考验。 2、形容词+ as / though + 主语+ 动词 Successful as he is，he is not proud. 他虽然成功，但不骄傲。 Improbable as it seems，it’s true. 虽然看起来不太可能，但却是真的。 Stupid as it sounds，I was so in love with her that I believed her. 尽管听起来很愚蠢，我是如此爱她竟然相信了她的话。 Patient as he was，he didn’t like waiting that long. 他虽说有耐心，也不愿等这么长。 Beautiful though the necklace was，we thought it was over-priced. 那条项链虽然很漂亮，我们认为价钱太高。
than引导定语从句
As、but和than通常都是以介词、连词等身份被大家所熟知，而它们居然可以摇身一变成为关系代词，在定语从句中做主语和宾语。As As最基本的用法是做连词“与……一样”表示同级的比较，介词“作为”。下面是它特殊的用法， 例句：1. He does not possess such qualifications as are necessary to be an actor. 他并不具备一名演员应有的资格。2. She bought the same skirt as I had bought last week so I need to talk to her about it so we don't wear them the same at the same time. 她买的那条裙子和我上周买的一模一样，我要和她商量一下，免得“撞衫”。上面两个例句中定语从句都使用了as作为关系代词，我们可以发现例句1中含有“such…as…”，例句2中含有“the same…as…”，由此可见，我们到底要不要使用as来做关系代词，可以根据句中是否出现了与as搭配的短语进行判断。3. The murderer who had killed several people on the campus was finally arrested by the police, as was expected. 如我们所愿，那个在校园杀害数人的杀人犯终于被警方逮捕。该句中并未出现与as搭配的短语，此处的用法是as做关系代词指代前面整个句子，在定语从句中做主语。 But大家熟悉的but基本都是以转折连词的身份出现，但是它还兼职在做定语从句中的关系代词。例句：There is no man but errs. 没有任何人能够不犯错误。句中的先行词是man，but 自然就充当了关系代词的角色，但我们从句意中可以发现，but带有一层否定的意思，相当于“who not”。那么我们可以把例句转换为：There is no man who does not err. 但要注意，只有在but 前有先行词的时候才有此用法！请比较下面这个例句：He did nothing after graduation but spend his parents' money. 他毕业之后无所事事，就知道花爸妈的钱。该句中but 是介词的用法，有转折的意义。 Than即可以做连词也可以做介词的than都是比较的含义，它居然也可以用在定语从句中。例句：1. Parents had better not give kids more money than is needed. 父母最好别给孩子们太多的钱，够用就可以了。2. Don't order more food than can be finished. 别点太多吃的，会吃不完的。此处Than以主语的形式出现在定语从句中，其实省略了what，than也就等于than what。例句也可以写作：Parents had better not give kids more money than what is needed 例句2则可以转换为：Don't order more food than what can be finished 不管是做介词、连词也好，在定语从句里做关系代词也罢，than都表示了一个比较的关系，从上述两个例句来看，句中都出现了比较级的形式。 一、but可被看作关系代词，引导定语从句，在句中作主语，在意义上相当于who not或that not，即用在否定词或具有否定意义的词后，构成双重否定。 如：①There is no mother but loves her children．没有不爱自己孩子的母亲。 ②There was no one present but knew the story already．在场的人都知道这个故事。 二、than作关系代词时，一般用在形式为比较级的复合句中，其结构为形容词比较级（more）．．．than＋从句，than在从句中作主语，相当于that，代表它前面的先行词。（这时，它兼有连词和代词的性质，也有学者认为这种用法的than是连词，后面省略了主语what。） 如：①The indoor swimming pool seems to be a great deal more luxious than is necessary．室内游泳池过于豪华。 ②He got more money than was wanted．他得到了更多的钱。
which引导的定语从句的用法
which引导的定语从句的用法 WHICH可以引导定语从句，修饰表示事物的先行词，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或者表语。例如：HEWASREADINGABOOK， WHICHWASABOUTWAR.他正在读一本关于战争的书。（关系代词WHICH在修饰BOOK的定语从句中充当主语。） HEWASREADINGABOOK，WHICHHEHADBOUGHTFROMLONDON.他正在读一本书，这本书是从伦敦买回来的。（关系代词WHICH在修饰BOOK的定语从句中充当宾语。） WHICH引导非限定性定语从句时有一个特殊用法，即它所引导的非限定性定语从句修饰主句中更多的部分甚至整个主句（这时被定语从句所修饰的“先行词”要作广义理解），WHICH仍在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。例如：HESETFREETHEBIRDSHAPPILY， WHICHWASACELEBRATIONFORHISSUCCESS.他开心地把鸟放了，这是对他成功的一种庆祝。 把非限定性定语从句“WHICHWASACELEBRATIONFORHISSUCCESS”的先行词视为主句中的“THEBIRDS”显然不符合整句的语境，被 “WHICHWASACELEBRATIONFORHISSUCCESS”所修饰的是整个主句，WHICH所引导的这类特殊的非限定性定语从句对主句所叙述的情况进行某种意义的补充说明，WHICH常可译为“这一点，这件事”。 ［考题1］ YOUCANFINDWHATEVERYOUNEEDATTHESHOPPINGCENTRE， ____ISALWAYSBUSYATTHEWEEKEND.（2006上海春） A.THAT B.WHERE C.WHAT D.WHICH ［答案］D
(完整版)定语从句as的用法
as 引导定于从句： 1、as用作关系代词和关系副词引导限定性定语从句，并在从句中做主语、表语和状语，构成the same ...as, such...as等结构。 Eg: I have got into the same trouble as you. 2、as引出非限定性定语从句时，代替整个主句，对其进行说明。但通常用于：（as we all know, as it is known, as is known to all, as it is, as is said above, as always mentioned above, as is usual, as is often the case, as is reported in the newspaper) . as在非限定性定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，且引出的从句位置比较灵活，可位于句首或句末，也可置于主句中间。通常均由逗号将其与主句隔开。 as有“正如……，就像……”之意。 Eg: As is known to the United States, Mark Twain is a great American writer. 美国人都知道,马克·吐温是一位伟大的美国作家（as在从句中作主语）He forgot to bring his pen with him, as was often the case. 他忘了带笔，这是常事。（as在从句中作主语） He is absorbed in work, as he often was. 他正在全神贯注地工作，他过去经常这样。（as在从句中作表语）As we all know, the earth is round. 众所周知，地球是圆的。（as在从句中作宾语）
as和which引导定语从句的异同
as 和which 引导定语从句的区别 一、相同点： 两者引导非限制性定语从句时，可指代主句中的部分或整个句子的内容，在从句中做主语，宾语或表语，位于主句之后有时可互换。 The meeting was put off, as /which was exactly what we wanted. He was a doctor, as/which I knew from his manner. 注：which 代表整个句子，还可用于in which case, at which point, on which occasion等。 I may have to work late, in which case I’ll telephone you. 我可能得晚点下班，那样我会给你打电话的。 The machine may be out of order, in which case it will be repaired at once. Ten years of hard work changed her greatly, for which reason he could hardly recognize her at first sight. 二、不同点： 1. 在限制性定语从句中，当先行词被the same, such ,as ,so修饰时，要用as代替who，whom， which 或者that引导定语从句。 Such men as heard him were deeply moved. 听过他说话的人，都会深受感动。（as在定语从句中作heard的主语） I've never heard such stories as he tells. 我从未听过像他讲的这样的故事。（as在定语从句中作tell的宾语） He lifted so heavy a stone as no one else can lift. 他搬起别人都搬不起的大石头。（as在定语从句中lift的宾语） 注意： ①在the same as结构中，as也可用that代替。但严格地说，the same as强调相同，the same that注重同一。 She wore the same dress as her younger sister wore. 她穿着跟她妹妹所穿的一样的衣裙。（as指的是与先行词相似的同类事物） She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary's wedding. 她穿着她在玛丽婚礼上穿过的同一条连衣裙。（that指的是与先行词同一事物） ②定语从句such/as…as …与结果状语从句such/as… that…的区别：as在所引导的定 语从句中作主语，宾语；that在结果状语从句中不做成分 He has such a good laptop as I want to buy. He has such a good laptop that I want to buy one. He lifted so heavy a stone as no one else can lift. He is so young a boy that he can’t go to school. 2.which 引导的定语从句只能位于主句后，但as引导的从句可位于主句前、中、后。 As is known to all, China is a developing country. He is from the south, as we can see from his accent. John, as you know, is a famous writer. Li Ming is late, as is often the case.
as引导的定语从句
定语从句准关系代词as的用法 一．as 引导状语从句的连词as可以用作关系代词，引导定语从句，因而被称作准关系代词。 1.准关系代词as引导限制定语从句，用于以下3个结构中，as在从句中作主语、宾语或表语： a.so / such…as Such people as were mentioned by him were honest. (as作主语) I’ve never seen such a clever man as he is. (as作表语) Last term our maths teacher set so difficult an (= such a difficult) examination problem as none of us worked out. b.the same…as Modern statemen are often faced with the same problem as defeated the ancient Romans. (as 作宾语) I like the same book as you do. (as 作宾语) c.as…as As many children as came were given some cakes. (as 作主语) He is as diligent a man as ever lived. (as 作主语) 补充： a.such…as 与such…that的区别 such…as 引导定语从句；such…that引导结果状语从句。 They talked in such simple English as children could understand. 他们用孩子们能听懂的简单的英语交谈。 They talked in such simple English that children could understand it. 他们用十分简单的英语交谈，连孩子们都能听懂。 I will provide you with such things as you may need. 我要供给你一些你可以用得着的东西。 He shut the window with such a force that the glass broke. 他如此用力地关门，结果玻璃碎了。 b.the same…as与the same…that的区别： the same…as指两物相似，the same..描述的是同一物。 This is the same bag as I lost yesterday. 这个书包和我昨天丢失的（书包）相似。（相似物） This is the same bag that I lost yesterday. 这正是我昨天丢失的那个书包。（同一物） 2.准关系代词as引导非限制定语从句。 a.as引导非限制性定语从句，只代表主语或主句的一部分所表达的意思(不能指代某个名词或代词)，可 以放在主句前，后或中间，在从句中作主语或宾语、例如： As is known to all, he is the best student in our class. (as指代整个句子，作主语，置于句首) He opposed the idea, as could be expected. (as 指代整个句子，作主语，置于句末) As we all know, he studies very hard. (as 指代整个句子，作宾语，置于句首) Taiwan is, as you know, an inseparable part of China. (as指代整个句子，作宾语，置于句中) 常用的这类句式有： as is said above 综上所述- as is known to all 众所周知 as is often the case 通常如此- as is reported in the newspaper 如报纸所报导的