深埋地铁车站与地面出入口衔接方式及其力学特性研究

摘要

随着城市浅层地下空间的开发日趋紧张，使越来越多的地铁车站朝着大深度地层进行设置。深埋地铁车站出入口交叉段属于交叉隧道的一种特殊结构。因出入口交叉段结构受力复杂，对其开挖方法、围岩加固以及监控量测等均具有特殊要求。本文以重庆地区单拱双层深埋地铁车站出入口段衔接结构为研究对象，对重庆地区大断面地铁车站隧道深浅埋划分方法、车站出入口段结构优化与加固方案、出入口段施工方案及施工过程进行了系统研究。研究内容如下：

（1）通过总结和分析重庆地区深埋地铁车站及出入口衔接方式，确定了本文研究设计的地铁车站出入口结构形式；基于压力拱理论，对重庆地区Ⅳ级围岩条件下车站隧道深浅埋状况进行划分。

（2）采用数值模拟的方法，运用有限差分软件FLAC3D对出入口交叉段的初期支护厚度和围岩加固方案进行研究，分析围岩和初期支护结构的应力状态，以确定合理的支护、加固参数。

（3）采用数值模拟的方法，运用有限差分软件FLAC3D对车站出入口段不同施工方案进行对比分析，确定了合理的施工方案。对该方案施工过程中围岩的应力状态进行分析，同时对出入口施工时机和核心土开挖深度展开探讨。

（4）采用数值模拟的方法，运用有限差分软件FLAC3D对车站出入口斜通道段施工过程进行研究，分析围岩和初期支护结构的应力状态，并就埋深和坡度对斜通道施工力学的影响进行了探讨。

关键词：深埋地铁车站；出入口；力学特性；施工方案；数值分析；

Abstract

As the development of shallow underground space in cities has been becoming more and more intense,more and more subway stations have been settting up toward deep underground.The cross section of the entrance and exit of a deep metro station belongs to a special type of cross tunnel.Due to the complex structure of the entrance and exit cross sections,there are special requirements for excavation methods,reinforcement of surrounding rocks,and monitoring measurements.This thesis takes the connection structure of the entrance and exit section of a single arch,double-deck,deep metro station in Chongqing as the research object,and systematically implements the system of deep and shallow burial of tunnels in large section subway stations in Chongqing,the structure optimization and reinforcement scheme for the entrance and entrance sections of the station, the construction scheme of the entrance and exit sections,and the construction process.The main work of this thesis is as follows:

By summarizing and analyzing the connection form of deep underground subway stations and entrances and exits in Chongqing city,we have formulated the structure of the entrances and exits of subway stations in this thesis;based on the theory of pressure arch,we have divided the deep and shallow burial tunnels of stations under Grade IV surrounding rock in Chongqing.

Using the numerical simulation method,The Finite difference software-FLAC3D is employed to study the initial support thickness and the reinforcement scheme of the surrounding rock at the entrance and exit intersections,and the stress state of the surrounding rock and the initial support structure was analyzed to determine the reasonable support and reinforcement parameters of the surrounding rock.

Using numerical simulation method,The Finite difference software-FLAC3D is employed to compare and analyze different construction planes at the station entrance and exit section,and selecting the optimal scheme,and the great method is adopted for the entrance and exit passages.The stress state of the surrounding rock during the construction of the scheme was analyzed.At the same time,the timing of the entrance and exit and the length of excavation of the core soil were discussed.

Using the method of numerical simulation,the construction process of the inclined passage section at the entrance and exit of the station was studied by using The Finite difference software-FLAC3D.The stress state of the surrounding rock and the initial support structure was analyzed,and the depth and slope of the influencing factors of the inclined

页channel were discussed.

Key words：Deep metro station;entrance and exit;mechanical properties;construction plan; numerical analysis.

目录

摘要...................................................................................................................................I Abstract....................................................................................................................................II

绪论 (1)

1.1研究背景及意义 (1)

1.2国内外研究现状 (2)

隧道深浅埋研究现状 (2)

车站结构形式及出入口衔接方式研究现状 (2)

交叉隧道研究现状 (4)

1.3研究内容及技术路线 (6)

研究的内容 (6)

研究的技术路线 (6)

深埋地铁车站出入口衔接形式及地铁深浅埋探讨 (8)

2.1深埋地铁车站出入口衔接形式 (8)

单拱车站出入口形式 (9)

连拱车站出入口形式 (10)

2.2工程概况 (12)

车站出入口衔接方式 (12)

工程背景 (12)

2.3隧道深浅埋划分压力拱理论 (14)

压力拱定义 (14)

压力拱形成原理 (14)

压力拱边界的确定 (14)

2.4基于压力拱理论地铁车站深浅埋划分探讨 (15)

计算模型 (15)

结果分析 (16)

2.5本章小结 (20)

地铁出入口段结构优化与加固方案研究 (21)

3.1初期支护结构作用原理 (21)

初期支护特性 (21)

初期支护破坏模式[57] (21)

3.2出入口段初期支护优化 (23)

模型建立 (23)

施工过程 (24)

结果分析 (24)

3.3出入口段围岩加固 (31)

加固方案 (31)

结果分析 (32)

3.4本章小结 (35)

深埋地铁车站出入口段施工力学行为分析 (37)

4.1交叉口施工方案探讨 (37)

计算工况方案设置 (37)

计算结果对比分析 (39)

各工况综合对比 (48)

4.2出入口段施工动态模拟 (49)

计算参数选取 (49)

施工工序模拟 (49)

计算结果分析 (49)

4.3出入口段施工时机探讨 (57)

施工工序模拟 (57)

计算结果分析 (57)

4.4核心土开挖深度探讨 (59)

工况设置 (59)

计算结果分析 (60)

4.5本章小结 (62)

深埋地铁车站出入口斜通道施工力学行为分析 (64)

5.1斜通道形式 (64)

5.2数值模拟分析 (64)

模型建立 (64)

施工工序模拟 (65)

结果分析 (66)

5.3影响因素研究 (68)

不同埋深段影响分析 (68)

不同坡度影响分析 (70)

5.4小结 (72)

结论与展望 (74)

结论 (74)

展望 (75)

致谢 (76)

参考文献 (77)

攻读硕士期间发表的论文及参加科研项目 (80)