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初二英语上册(人教新目标)Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show 知识点总结

初二英语上册(人教新目标)Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game

show?

知识点总结

一、重点词汇

news

·基本用法

n. news 新闻,新闻节目,一般不与冠词或数词连用。表示“一则新闻”用a piece of news。

There are two pieces of news in today’s newspaper.

今天的报纸上有两则新闻。

mind

·基本用法

v. mind 介意,反对,常用于疑问句、否定句或条件状语从句中,后接名词、代词或动名词。

(过去式:minded 过去分词:minded 现在分词:minding 第三人称单数:minds )

I don’t mind cigarette smoke.

我不在乎烟味。

Would you mind if I smoke here?

我在这儿抽烟你介意吗?

She doesn’t mind opening the door.

她不介意开门。

plan

·原文再现

Do you plan to watch the news tonight?

今晚你计划看新闻吗?

·基本用法

v. plan 计划,打算,后接名词、不定式或从句。

(过去式:planned 过去分词:planned 现在分词:planning 第三人称单

数:plans)

He plans a trip this weekend.

本周末他计划去旅行。

We begin to plan what we will do with this Sunday.

我们开始计划怎样度过本周日。

She plans to study Russia. 她计划学俄语。

n. plan 计划,方案,make a plan“制定计划”。

Everyone has to make a plan.

每个人必须制定一个计划。

stand

·基本用法

vt. stand 忍受,常用于否定句或疑问句中。Can’t stand意为“不能容忍,不能忍受”,后接名词、代词

或动名词。(过去式:stood 过去分词:stood 现在分词:standing 第三人称单数:stands)

How can you stand her?

你怎么受得了她?

vi. stand 站立,起立

Stand up, please.

请起立。

educational

·原文再现

Sally thinks ______ are more educational than sitcoms.

萨利认为______比情景喜剧更有意义。

·基本用法

n. educational教育的,有教育意义的,是由名词education+al构成的形容词,是一个多音节形容词,故

其比较级/最高级前加more/most,常作定语或表语。

The film called Mother is very educational.

电影《母亲》很有教育意义。

hope

·原文再现

Because I hope to find out what’s going on around the world.

因为我希望了解世界上正在发生什么事。

·基本用法

v. hope 希望,后接代词、不定式或从句。

(过去式:hoped 过去分词:hoped 现在分词:hoping 第三人称单数:hopes)

— I believe he can do the job well.

我相信他能干好这份工作。

—I hope so. 我希望这样。

Tom hopes to learn English well.

汤姆希望学好英语。

I hope that you can help me with my English.

我希望你能帮我学英语。

n. hope作名词,表示“希望”。如:

We can never give up our hope.

我们决不能放弃希望。

happen

·基本用法

vi. happen 发生,强调偶然性。

(过去式:happened 过去分词:happened 现在分词:happening 第三人称单

数:happens)

happen to sb.表示“某人发生什么事?”,其后还可接that从句,这时主语常用it,即:It happens that …

A flood happened the city and many people died.

城市发洪水,很多人都死了。

It happened that I met Li Mei on my way to school.

我碰巧在上学路上碰到了李梅。

meaningless

·基本用法

meaningless adj. 毫无意义的,由名词meaning+形容词后缀-less构成的形容词。

It's meaningless to talk to her.

跟她谈根本毫无意义。

·知识拓展---同类词

careless 粗心的

It is careless of you to make the same mistake.

你太粗心了,又犯了同样的错误。

hopeless 没有希望的

It's hopeless to persuade him into believing me.

说服他相信我这件事没有希望。

action

·原文再现

action movie

动作电影

·基本用法

n. action行动,它由动词act+-ion构成名词,这是一种常见的构词法。其他运用同样构词法的词还有:

graduate →graduation 毕业

congratulate →congratulation 祝贺

translate→ translation 翻译

famous

·原文再现

But one very famous symbol in American culture is a cartoon.

但是美国文化一个著名的象征是一个卡通人物。

·基本用法

famous adj. 著名的,出名的,常用作定语和表语。

Mo Yan is a famous writer in the world.

莫言是世界著名的作家。

Mo Yan’s novels are very famous.

莫言的小说很有名。

·知识拓展---相关短语

be famous for 因……而出名

Jay Chou is famous for his music.

周杰伦因他的音乐而出名。

be famous as 作为……而出名

Jay Chou is famous as a singer.

周杰伦作为歌手而出名。

appear

·原文再现

Over 80 years ago, he first appeared in the cartoon Steamboat Willie.

80多年前,他第一次出现在卡通片《威利号汽船》中。

·基本用法

vi. appear作不及物动词,“出现,露面”。

The sun appeared on the horizon.

太阳出现在地平线上。

·知识拓展

其他词性

v. appear 似乎,好像”,后跟名词或形容词作表语,也可接从句,主语常用it。

It appears a true story.

这好像是真事似的。

It appears that he is ill.

他好像病了。

He appears (to be) ill.

他好像病了。

反义词

disappear 消失

My wallet has disappeared from the table.

我放在桌子上的钱包不见了。

become

·原文再现

He became very rich and successful.

他开始变得非常富有和成功。

·基本用法

v. become 变得,成为,后接名词或形容词作表语。

The weather becomes warmer in spring.

春天天气变得暖和了。

She became tired and went to bed.

她疲劳得去睡觉了。

rich

·原文再现

He became very rich and successful.

他开始变得非常富有和成功。

·基本用法

adj. rich 富有的,富的,常作定语或表语。

More and more rich people buy houses now.

现在越来越多的富人买房。

·知识拓展---相关短语

be rich in 表示“在某方面富有”。

Mr Li is rich in teaching experience.

李老师教学经验丰富。

successful

·原文再现

He became very rich and successful.

他开始变得非常富有和成功。

·基本用法

adj. successful 成功的,作定语或表语。

The TV show is very successful. 这个电视节目很成功。

·知识拓展--相关单词

n. success 成功,是不可数名词,表示“成功的事”时,是可数名词。

v. succeed 成功,succeed in (doing) sth.表示“在做……时成功了”。

adv. successfully 成功地,修饰动词,作状语。

lose

·原文再现

… Mickey was unlucky and had many problems such as losing his house or girlfriend, Minnie.

……米老鼠不走运,出很多问题,诸如失去了家园和女朋友米妮等。

·基本用法

v. lose 丢失,失去,常接名词或代词。其过去式为lost。

She lost her purse on the way back home.

她在回家的路上丢了钱包。

·知识拓展

相关单词

adj. lost 丢失的,失去的

I got lost when I was in London.

我再伦敦的时候迷路了。

相关短语

lose heart 灰心

lose one’s life 丧生

lose one’s way 迷路

lose one’s balance 失去平衡

be ready to do

·基本用法

be ready to do sth. 意为“愿意/自愿做某事,准备做某事”,相当于be/get ready for sth.。

I am ready to take the exam.

我准备好考试了。

The exam is coming and we are ready for it.

考试快来了,我们正在为之准备。

dress up

·基本用法

dress up意为“装扮,乔装打扮”。Dress oneself/someone up意为“打扮自己/别人”。

Mother loves to dress me up. 妈妈喜欢打扮我。

She dressed herself up as a ghost on the fancy-dress party.

她在化妆舞会上打扮成幽灵。

take one’s place

·基本用法

take one’s place表示“取代,代替;坐某人的座位”,相当于take the place of。

I know no one can take the place of your mother.

我知道没人能取代你的母亲。

·知识拓展---词义辨析

take place/take the place of/take one's place

take place发生; 举行;(尤指根据安排或计划)发生,进行

take the place of代替;替换

take one's place取代…人;顶换;就位;就坐;即位

When does the wedding take place?

什么时候举行婚礼?

These new facilities will take the place of the old ones.

这些新设备将代替那些旧的。 No one can take Ray's place.

没人能够接替雷的位置。

do a good job

·基本用法

do a good job表示“干得好,好好干”。

I believe he can do a good job for it.

我相信他能把这件事做得很好。

二、重点句型

some people might ask how this cartoon animal became so popular.

有些人可能会问这个卡通人物是如何深受欢迎的。

本句中some people 是主语,might ask是谓语部分,而how this cartoon animal became so popular 做的

是谓语部分的宾语,同时这又是一句话,因此被称之为宾语从句。

·基本用法

宾语从句的结构为:主语+谓语+引导词+陈述句语序

I want to know why you were late this morning.

我想知道你今早为什么会迟到。

Can you tell me how I can improve my English?

你能告诉我如何能提高英语吗?

One of the main reasons is that Mickey was like a common man, but he always tried to face any danger.

主要原因之一就是米奇就像一个普通人一样,他总是尽力面对任何困难。

本句中,主语是one of the main reasons谓语动词为系动词is,that后的句子做的是表语成分,被称为表语从句。

·基本用法

表语从句的结构:主语+系动词+引导词+表语从句,从句中需采用陈述句语序。

That's why he wants to leave here.

那就是为什么他想离开这里。

See the flags on top of the building? That was what we did this morning.

看到楼上的旗子了吗?那就是我们今天早上做的事情。

On November 18, 1978, Mickey became the first cartoon to have a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

1978年11月18日,米奇成为在好莱坞星光大道上第一个有自已星星的卡通形象。

本句中动词不定式to have a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame作定语,修饰the first cartoon。

·基本用法

动词不定式做定语,通常放在所修饰词的后面。不定式与所修饰词之间存在以下4种关系。

1. 主谓关系:被修饰的名词或代词实际上是不定式的逻辑主语。

We need someone to help with the work.

我们需要有人来帮忙干这工作。

2. 动宾关系:被修饰的名词或代词是动词不定式的逻辑宾语。

I have many letters to write.

我有许多信要写。

3. 同位关系:不定式与所修饰的名词指的是一回事。

We have made a plan to learn from Lei Feng.

我们制定了一个向雷锋学习的计划。

4. 状语关系:被修饰的名词实际上表示动词不定式动作的方式、时间等,这些名词多是抽象名词。

That's the way to do it.

那样做才对。

I have no time to go there.

我没有时间去那儿。

三、重点语法

询问意见、看法的句型及回答

·基本用法

1. 常见句型:

What do you think of (doing) sth.?你觉得…怎么样?

Why not do sth. = Why don't you/we do sth.?为什么不…呢?

What / How about (doing) sth.?做某事怎么样?

I advise you (not) to do sth. 我建议你(不)做某事。

I think you should do sth. 我认为你应该做某事

Would you like / love (to do) sth.?你想要…吗?

Would/Could you please (not) do sth.?你能(不)…吗?

Shall I / we do sth.?我(们)…好吗?

You had better (not) do sth.你最好(不要)做某事

You mustn’t do sth. 你千万不要做某事.

Let’s (not) do sth.咱们…吧。

2. 常见肯定答语:

OK. /Good./ Great idea./That sounds good/great./Of course./Yes, please./Yes, I think so./

Yes, I’d love to./ All right./No pr oblem./I agree with you (one hundred percent)./

I can’t agree with you more.

3. 常见否定答语:

No,thanks./ No, I don’t think so/No, I don’t agree./Sorry, I’m afraid not./ Sounds great, but…

注意:在回答“would you mind (my) (not) doing sth.?”时,其肯否对象为动词mind,而不是doing sth. 即:

1. 肯定回答=介意(mind)=不同意

常见答语有(有时为了使语气委婉,通常不直接用Yes):

Yes, I do mind. 是的,我很介意。

Please don’t...请不要…

Better not, please. 请最好不要…

I’d rather you didn’t. 我宁愿你不…

I’m sorry, but...很抱歉,最好(别)…

2. 否定回答=不介意(not mind)=同意

常见答语有:

Oh, no, please. 不介意,有请。

No, not at all.不介意,一点不介意。

Not at all.一点也不介意。

Of course not.当然不介意。

No, go ahead. 不介意,你请吧。

询问别人的计划

·基本用法

若要询问别人计划干什么时,通常用What do you plan to?,如:

— What do you plan to do tonight?

今晚你计划干什么?

— I plan to do my English homework.

我计划做英语作业。

— Do you plan to watch The Same Song?

你计划观看《同一首歌》节目吗?

— Yes, I hope to watch it, but I also want to watch the news.

是的,我希望看这个节目,但我也想看新闻。

动词不定式做宾语

·基本用法

英语中,某些动词后接不定式做宾语,构成一些固定搭配。这些常见的动词有:

1. want to do sth 想做某事

I want to be a soldier when I grow up.

我长大后想当兵。

2. expect to do sth 期待做某事

I expect to see my uncle.

我期待见到我的叔叔。

3. hope to do sth 希望做某事

That's what I hope to do.

这就是我希望做的事情。

4. agree to do sth 同意做某事

He agreed to pay me for the drawings.

他答应向我支付这些画的钱。

5. plan to do sth 计划做某事

He plans to leave for Beijing tomorrow.

他计划明天动身去北京。

6. manage to so sth 能够做某事

How do you manage to keep the place so tidy?

你是怎样把这里保持得如此整洁的?

7. help to do sth 帮忙做某事

The machine can help to increase our efficiency.

机器可帮助提高我们的效率。

8. learn to do sth 学做某事

She learned to cook when she was only 8 years old.

她八岁时就学做饭。

9. prepare to do sth 准备做某事

You need to prepare to have these once you apply for one.

一旦你申请贷款,这些都是需要准备的东西。

10. decide to do sth 决定做某事

They have decided to go on a holiday next week.

他们决定下周去度假。

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