文档库 最新最全的文档下载
当前位置:文档库 › 翻译讲解与练习答案

翻译讲解与练习答案

翻译讲解与练习答案
翻译讲解与练习答案

翻译讲解与练习答案

第一讲被动语态和比较结构

1) Effective measures must be taken immediately

(考点:汉语的无主句通常翻译成英语的被动语态)

2) is being replaced by the computer and the projector

(考点:被动语态的现在进行时)

3) will have been published by the end of this year

(考点:被动语态的将来完成时)

4) can be used to demonstrate the way that cells work

(考点:1. 被动语态与情态动词联用; 2. 汉语有些没有“被”字等标志词的句子也表示被动, 要译成英语的被动语态)

5) he was fired by the company

6) It had been believed that the earth was flat

(考点:1. It+be+动词-ed+that从句,谓语动词是admit, assume, believe, expect, find, know, note, prove, recognize, report, say, see, state, stress, suggest, suppose, understand等时,常用此结构;2.此句是被动语态的过去完成时)

7) gets punished for a crime that he didn’t commit

(考点:get+动词-ed形式,在现代英语中,get的这种用法局限于口语和非正式的书面语言,动作的执行者往往不表达出来)

1) half as much(money)

2) nothing is more attractive to me than reading

或to me, nothing is more important than reading

3) I am more inclined to get tired than before

4) the former is/it is more convenient and time-saving

5) the fewer chances you will have catching a cold

6) more likely to put on weight

7) rather worse than I had expected (考点:rather可用在比较级前,意为a little或slightly)

8) the thinner the air becomes(考点:“越……越……”结构)

第二讲虚拟语气

1) would have had a chance to survive或would have survived

2) might feel lonely when they are far from home/ are not in their hometown/ traveling.

3) must be wrong

4) as though he were delivering a speech at an assembly

(考点:as if / as though引导的从句中用过去式表示和现在事实相反或对现在情况有所怀疑;as if/as though引导的从句中亦可用过去完成式表示过去想象中的动作或情况)

5) he had known this disease is curable

(考点:If only 引导的感叹句表示“但愿”或“要是……就好了”,用法与I wish…基本相同)

6) I would seize the opportunity without hesitation

(考点:1.表示与现在事实相反:从句用过去式,主句用“should/would/could/might +do”;2.此句省去if,采用倒装的形式来表示条件)

7) we could not have rent a house at such a low price

(考点:but for经常作为非真实条件句中if的代用语。)

8) If it had rained, the ground would be wet

(考点:在非真实条件句中,当主句与从句表示的动作不是同时发生时,就根据情况用适当的谓语动词形式)

9) the mid-term exams (should) be canceled

(考点:表示“建议、命令、要求、想法”的动词及名词所接的宾语或同位语从句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虚拟形式。)

10) we (should) be short of water in a country where it is always raining

(考点:在It is/was +形容词后的that从句中常用“sb. should do”的形式表示建议、惊奇等。)

11) measures were taken to solve the problem of traffic jams

(考点:It’s (about/high) time 后的that从句中用过去式,表示“该是……的时候了”)

第三讲倒装结构和强调句型

1) Not only did he charge me too much或Not only did he overcharge me

2) when a knock at the door awakened her (考点:Hardly…when…结构)

3) than she fell ill(考点:No sooner…than…结构)

4) can we conclude the business(考点:only置于句首时,需要部分倒装)

5) Nor did the wife say a word of welcome(考点:句首为否定词或带有否定意义的词语,常用部分倒装)

6) a single book had he read (考点:同上)

7) Under no circumstances shall we cancel the party

(考点:同上,这样的词语还有:at no time, by no means, few, in no way, in vain, little, never, no longer, nowhere, not until, not often, not infrequently, rarely, seldom等)

8) nowhere could the missing spoon be found (考点:同上)

1) It was Jim, the heartless fellow, who was heard(考点:强调主语)

2) It is with genuine feeling that the author(考点:强调状语)

3) It was not until I told her that(考点:强调状语从句)

4) It is because she is inexperienced/lacks experience/It is due to her inexperience/lack of experience

5) only in the forest (考点:only一般放在所强调成分之前。在同一个句子里only的位置不同,句意也不同)

6) a little more than ten dollars (考点:a little, much, still, a lot/lots, far/by far, a good/great deal常强调比较级)

7) by far the most important (考点:much, by far还可以强调最高级)

第四讲非谓语动词

1) finding the way to the history museum

2) In order to support my university studies

(或:to finance my education; to pay for my education/to pay my tuition fees)

3) compared with mine 或in comparison with mine

4) her injured son being sent into the operation room

5) for us to have a good night’s sleep before the test

(考点:有时用“介词for + 代词/名词”来表示不定式的逻辑主语,这时整句的谓语描述的对象是事情,这种情况下谓语中常用的形容词有:necessary, important, possible, impossible, all right, essential等)

6) Compared with the place where I grew up

7) Changing your study habits(考点:动名词做主语)

8) only to find it closed(考点:做结果状语,only +不定式表示结果不愉快或者与预料相反。)

9) Unless asked to answer questions (考点:分词作条件状语,一般放在句首)

10) Seeing that everyone was bending over his/her book(考点:分词作原因状语)

11) to be the chairman of students’ union in so large a university

(考点:动词+ it + 形容词/名词+ 不定式。it是形式宾语,不定式是真正宾语)

12) Try to avoid mentioning this sensitive subject / topic(考点:动名词作动词的宾语)

13) being promoted to manager(考点:动名词的被动式)

第五讲从句

1) whether (it is) heated or not

2) What many people don’t realize

3) no matter at what expense (cost)/ no matter what I have to sacrifice (pay)/

4) Not until he had finished the mission

5) before we find the methods of curing cancers/ before we find the cure for cancer

6) but that I put her on my lap

(考点:少数几个介词后可直接跟that引导的宾语从句。除in that 外,还有besides that, but that, except that, save that)

7) which made our journey more difficult(考点:which引导非限制性定语从句)

8) so that we might get a better view(考点:that, so that, in order that, lest等引目的状语从句,常用can/could, may/might, will/would, shall/should等)

9) Why they left their hometown for Yunnan(考点:主语从句)

10) on the day when his son arrived(考点:先行词为时间,定语从句通常由关系副词when引导)

11) as long as you promise to be back before 11 at night(考点:条件状语从句)

12) most of whom were English majors(考点:when引导非限制性定语从句)

13) lest the wall should collapse(考点:lest意思是“以免、免得、唯恐”,常和should连用)

第六讲词汇和固定表达

1) keep pace with the constantly increasing demands of consumers或keep up with the constantly growing needs of consumers

2) adapt oneself to life/living in different cultures

3) at a speed/rate of 12 million per year 或at an annual speed of 12 million

4) take people’s sleep quality into account/consideration

5) in the name of science

6) contact us at the following address

7) at your convenience/if it is convenient for you

8) Thanks to a series of new inventions

9) difficulty (in) catching up with his classmates

10) until a doctor discovered it by chance

11) closely relative to the lack of exercise

12) abandoned/give up the pursuit of knowledge

13) tend to live longer than men

14) take full advantage of education

高三英语翻译练习150及参考 答案

高三英语暑期翻译练习150句 1. 这次演出使得他想成为影星的梦想得以实现。(make it possible) The performance made it possible for him to realize his dream of being a film star. 2. 在详细地研究这个问题后,我们终于找到了解决它的方法。 (solution to ) Having studied it carefully, we finally found out a solution to the problem. 3. 你能不能告诉我,你们中有多少人将参加运动会?(take part in) Can you tell me how many of you are going to take part in the sports meet? 4. 我第一次来上海就喜欢这个美丽的城市。(the first time) I began to love Shanghai the first time I came to this beautiful city. 5. 越来越多的医生赞成使用心理疗法治疗生理疾病。(in favor of) More and more doctors are in favor of using psychological therapy to cure physical diseases. 6. 我们祝贺他被共青团所接受。(congratulate) We congratulated him on his being admitted into the Young League. 7. 我们现在所学的东西,无论校内校外的,都将对我们的将来产 生很大的影响。(effect) What we are learning in or out of school will have a great effect on our future. 8. 地球为人类提供了各种生存的条件。(provide) The earth provides man with all kinds of living conditions. 9. 如果你现在放弃的话,很可能你再也不会有机会了。(the chances are that) If you give up now, the chances are that you will have no more chances. 10. 他一看见地上躺着一个伤得很重的男子,就立刻打电话叫救护 车。(right off) He called an ambulance right off when he saw a badly injured man lying on the ground. 11. 你打电话来时如果我不在,可叫我兄弟代接。(available) If I am not available when you call me, ask for my brother. 12. 由于他对公众的杰出服务,她奖到了一枚金牌。(award) She was awarded a gold medal due to her outstanding service to the

Unit 1课文翻译及课后翻译练习参考答案

Unit 1 课文翻译及课后练习翻译参考答案 课文翻译: Unit1 从能力到责任 当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西:追求安全保障,追逐物质财富的积累。年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为,但他们也承认自己的迷茫:在这个变幻莫测的时代,他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在,寻找生活的意义。一如芸芸众生的我们,他们也感到纠结——一方面,他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义,而另一方面,他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑,陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。 最终,本科教育的质量将由毕业生参与社会与公民活动的主动性来衡量。雷霍德·尼布尔曾经写道:“一个人只有奉献社会,才能了解自我。一个人如果一味地以自我为中心(或直译:一个人如果不能找到自我以外的中心),他将会失去自我。”理想化的本科教育应该反映在超越自我中。在这一个残酷的、竞争激烈的社会,人们期望大学生能具备正直、文明,甚至富有同情心的人格品质,这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力,如今是否仍然适合(或直译:希望大学的人文教育能使大学生在与他人的人际交往中具备人文情怀,这是否合适)? 毫无疑问,大学生应该履行公民的义务。这迫切需要美国教育有助于弥合公共政策与公众理解程度之间的极具危险性、正日益加深的鸿沟。建设性思考政府议程问题所必备的知识似乎越来越无法掌握。所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。他们问,如果一些非专业人士甚至不懂专业术语,怎么可能让他们去讨论重大的政策选择问题? 核能的利用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。 公民们带着类似的困惑讨论“星球大战”问题,试图搞懂那些关于“威慑”与“反威慑”等高科技的专业术语。像地方的区域规划,学校种族隔离制的废除,排水系统的问题,公共交通的治理,以及相互竞争中的有线电视公司对许可证的申请等这些曾经看起来只是一些地方性事务的事情,现在也需要专家来解决。这些专家讨论专门术语,常常不是阐明问题,反而使问题变得让人迷惑不解。然而,公共生活的复杂性,要求更多、而非更少的信息资料;需要更积极、而非更消极的公众参与。 对于那些关心“民治”政府的人,公众理解程度的每况愈下是无法接受的。当今世界,人类生存问题吉凶未卜、危在旦夕,无知是不可取的。由视野有限的专家完全控制政策制定,这也是不可容忍的。作为公民,我们如果不能找到更好的方法教育自己,如果不能提出难题,并得到满意的答案,那么我们会冒险做一些关键性的决定,不是基于我们所了解的知识,而是基于对一两个所谓专家的盲目信任。 我们的民主社会需要一批受过良好教育(well-informed)、关心他人(caring)的人士。他们能作为公民,本着服务大众的精神,团结一致,相互学习,参与到民主建设之中。 我们需要关心公众事务的人,他们能参与调查,知道如何提出合适的问题,了解公民政策制定的程序,并能够对那些影响深远的问题做出有根据的、敏锐的判断。诚然,没有哪个社会机构能独立培养我们所需的领导人才,但我们深信,如果“民治政府”要有生命力的话,大学相对于其他机构来说,更有责任去培养我们国家所急需的开明领导人。 为了完成这个迫切的使命,所需的视野不仅要着眼国内,还必须放眼世界。当代大学生必须还了解其它国家的民族与文化。人类的势力范围已涉及到太空,一切变得都很明了,我们都是同一个星球的守护者。在过去的半个世纪中,我们的地球变得越来越拥挤,相互依赖

高三英语翻译专项训练及答案

高三英语翻译专项训练及答案 一、高中英语翻译 1.高中英语翻译题:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1.美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。(visit) 2.街头艺术家运用创意将鲜艳明亮的色彩带进了老社区。(bring) 3.在你生命中,如果有一个人你需要对他说对不起,那么就去向他道歉吧。(apology)4.这个游戏的独特之处在于它让孩子学会如何应对现实生活中的问题。(what) 5.申请材料需要精心准备,这样你心仪的学校才会对你的能力有全面、准确地了解。(in order that) 【答案】 1.Delicious food is one of the pleasures when people visit Shanghai. 2.Street artists bring bright and vivid colors into older neighborhoods with originality 3.If there is someone to whom you need say sorry in your life, make an apology to him. 4.What makes this game peculiar lies in that it teaches kids how to handle the problems in real life. 5.The applications should be carefully prepared in order that the school you like can have an overall and accurate knowledge of your abilities. 【解析】 【分析】 1.本句重点考察两个知识点。一个是乐趣之一,说明此处的乐趣应该用复数,必须是可数名词,因此选择pleasure。另一个是题目中给出的visit,需要谨慎处理,是用做动词还是名词。此处我们给出一个时间状语从句when people visit Shanghai,同时还可使用其他从句进行处理。所以答案是Delicious food is one of the pleasures when people visit Shanghai. 2.本题难度不大,重点是明亮的色彩的表达,可以使用bright colors, 也可以使用bright and vivid colors. 所以答案是Street artists bring bright and vivid colors into older neighborhoods with originality 3.本题考查there be + 定语从句从而构成条件状语从句。另外考察“道歉”用“make apology to sb.”。所以答案是If there is someone to whom you need say sorry in your life, make an apology to him. 4.本题考察what引导的主语从句,以及“be peculiar to”的用法。所以答案是What makes this game peculiar lies in that it teaches kids how to handle the problems in real life. 5.本题主要考固定词组的掌握,为了使用in order that引导出的目的状语从句。另外也考查 preferred school,have…knowledge/ understanding of…,overall,accurate等。所以答案是The applications should be carefully prepared in order that the school you like can have an overall and accurate knowledge of your abilities. 【考点定位】翻译句子

英汉翻译练习题

《英汉翻译》练习题一 一、Phrase Translation(句子翻译) A. Directions:Put the following phrases into Chinese(将下列词语译成汉语). 1) rural reform () 2) industrial revolution () 3) non-governmental sectors () 4) the International Court of Justice () 5) Agriculture Department () 6) encyclopedia () 7) editorial () 8) relay race () 9) vocational school () 10) the theory of relativity () 11) to pick and choose ( ) 12) a drugstore ( ) 13) soda fountain ( ) 14) in this fashion ( ) 15) a part-time river ( ) 16) up the river ( ) 17) a summer resort ( ) B. Directions:Put the following phrases into English(将下列词语译成英语). 1) 经济增长() 2) 知识经济() 3) 民族团结() 4) 官僚主义() 5) 所有制()

6) 社会科学() 7) 期刊() 8) 世界纪录() 9) 最高人民法院() 10) 国营企业() 11) 现代化建设( ) 12) 专属经济区( ) 13) 可再生能源( ) 14) 合法权益( ) 15) 御花园( ) 16) 故宫博物院( ) 17) 可耕地( ) 二、Multiple Choice Questions(选择题) A. Directions:This part consists of ten sentences.each followed by four different versions labeled A,B,C and D.Choose the one that is the closest equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness.1.He thought that directly internal confidence in the regime declines,her financial structure would be in danger.( ) A.他认为,那直接影响着园内对政府的信心下降,它的财歧体制就会出现危机了。 B.他直截了当地认为,国内对政府的信心下降,其财政结构就要出现危机了。 C.他认为,一旦国内对政府的信心下降,她的财政体制就会出现危机。 D.他当时认为,只要政府内部失去信心,其金融结构就会瓦解。 2.Sunlight is no less necessary than fresh air to a healthy condition 0f body.( ) A.日光和新鲜空气对于身体健康都是不可缺少的。 B.对于健康的身体,日光和新鲜空气一样不可缺少。 C.对于身体健康,日光如新鲜空气一样不可或缺。 D.阳光同新鲜空气一样对于身体的健康不可缺少。 3.Intense light and heat in the open contrasted with the coolness of shaded

翻译练习12篇_附参考答案

练习1Nature vs nurture: hard facts and strong stories ANYONE who still believes that our psychological dispositions are due largely to our genes will learn a lot from this book. The same goes for those who think they are predominantly shaped by our environment. Jerome Kagan, an emeritus professor of psychology at Harvard University, has spent much of his career unpacking the complexities behind human personality and behaviour. In The Temperamental Thread he navigates a path through the conflicting evidence with great skill and eloquence. The thesis behind the title is that everyone is born with a biologically based temperamental bias that is evident in infancy and influences our future behaviour, but how that pans out as we grow up depends strongly on a range of factors such as our ethnicity and gender, how our parents treat us, their social class, the size of our home town and whether or not we have older siblings. Temperamental bias, he explains, resembles the inherited components of a bird's song: "Although the bird's genes contribute to the basic components of the song, they do not determine the specific songs the adult bird will sing." Kagan's expertise derives partly from an exhaustive longitudinal study in which he followed the lives of more than 450 people from 16 weeks old to adulthood. He found that those who become distressed or strongly aroused as infants when confronted with unfamiliar objects, such as brightly coloured mobiles, tend to grow into timid or anxious adolescents, while less reactive infants develop a more relaxed, spontaneous disposition. However, he stresses that these outcomes are not fixed since the developmental environment can powerfully distort the effect of genes. For example, while the

《翻译(一)作业参考答案

《翻译(一)》作业参考答案 I. 1.打破记录 2.武装到牙齿 3.酸葡萄 4.君子协定 5.开放政策 6.冷战 7.低声 8.文火 9.占 10.原因 11.消灭 12.交待清楚13.和风 14.软水 15.添煤 16.捏造 17.修好 18.收拾一下 19.软水 20.呢帽 21.好 22.正好 23.右 24.申冤。 II. 1.“一定会把他造就成一个堂堂男子汉”,杰克说“就是应该上大学嘛!” 2.重建家园和保卫家园是我们的职责。 3.这些问题显然使得这位头脑迟钝的发言人感到意外,他立刻显得张口结舌。 4.我的回答并不躲躲躲闪闪。 5.外面一团漆黑,大雨倾盆。 6.他们根本没有答复,这是不足为奇的。 7.在走过市区的时候,他们看见了一座宏伟的酒店。 8.他经常来。 9.他对这个城市完全陌生。 10.这完全是胡说。 11.那个园会真是圆满极了。 12.淡淡的太阳从海上升起。 13.“我知道, 这是在抓救命稻草”, 他无可奈何地说. 14.他的靴子时常闪闪发光. 15.他开了眼界,并懂得了一些名堂. 16.他满脸皱纹, 皮肤很黑,头发灰白稀疏. 17.他们之间存在着种种非常尖锐的问题. 18.我们应学会如何分析问题和解决问题. 19.我们深信,社会主义制度终究会代替资本主动义制度。 20.他回来时,收音机仍然开着。 21.他们将为盲人和聋人修建一所学校。 22.我们感到,解决这个复杂的问题是困难的。 23.我们高度珍视同发展中国家的友好关系。 24.他们在关键时刻的行为给他留下了深刻的印象。 III. A 这是一个最好的历史时期,这又是一个最坏的历史时期; 这是一个充满智慧的年代,这又是一个不乏愚蠢的年代; 这是一个富有信仰的时代,这又是一个轻易怀疑的时代; 这是一个光明普照的季节,这又是一个黑暗笼罩的季节;

(英语)翻译练习题含答案及解析

(英语)翻译练习题含答案及解析 一、高中英语翻译 1.高中英语翻译题:Translation: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1.究竟是什么激发小王学习电子工程的积极性?(motivate) 2.网上支付方便了客户,但是牺牲了他们的隐私。(at the cost of) 3.让我的父母非常满意的是,从这个公寓的餐厅可以俯视街对面的世纪公园,从起居室也可以。(so) 4.博物馆疏于管理,展品积灰,门厅冷落,急需改善。(whose) 【答案】 1.What on earth has motivated Xiao Wang’s enthusiasm/ initiative to major in electronic engineering? 2.Online payment brings convenience to consumers at the cost of their privacy. 3.To my parents’ satisfaction, the d ining room of this apartment overlooks the Century Park opposite the street and so it is with the sitting room. 或者What makes my parents really satisfy is that they can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment, so can they from the living room. 4.This museum is not well managed, whose exhibits are covered with dust, and there are few visitors, so everything is badly in need of improvement. 或The museum whose management is reckless, whose exhibits are piled with dust and whose lobby is deserted, requires immediate improvement. 【解析】 1.motivate sb to do sth 激发某人做某事,on earth究竟,major in 以…为专业,enthusiasm/ initiative热情/积极性,故翻译为What on earth has motivated Xiao Wang’s enthusiasm/ initiative to major in electronic engineering? 2.online payment网上支付,brings convenience to给…带来方便,at the cost of以…为代价,privacy隐私,故翻译为Online payment brings convenience to consumers at the cost of their privacy. 3.To my parents’ satisfaction令我父母满意的是,后者也那样so it is with。也可以用主语从句What makes my parents really satisfy 表语从句thatthey can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment。overlooks俯视,opposite the street街对面,living room 起居室。故翻译为To my parents’ satisfaction, the dining room of this apartment overlooks the Century Park opposite the street and so it is with the sitting room.或者What makes my parents really satisfy is that they can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment, so can they from the living room. 4.not well managed/ management is reckless疏于管理,be covered with dust/ be piled with dust被灰尘覆盖,few visitors游客稀少,be badly in need of improvement/ requires immediate improvement亟需改善。故翻译为his museum is not well managed, whose exhibits

英汉翻译评析答案

Commentaries on the Version of “一个女人是这样衰老的” 一个女人是这样衰老的 SV:How a Woman Ages/A Woman’s Aging/A Woman Fades Thus/What causes a Woman to Grow Old/The Way in Which a woman is Aging/How a Woman Gets Old RV: The Way Woman Withers 点评:Rhetorical Device: distillation and aesthetic hightlights of language, either Chinese or English/The successful employment of alliteration(头韵) 1.二十岁的时候,我穿着一条背心式牛仔裙在校园里走来走去,一说话就脸红。三十岁的我穿着名牌套装,坐在办公桌前,满脸冷酷地对下属说:“这么愚蠢的问题你也敢问?也不先打个草稿。”SV: At the age of twenty, I walked about on the campus, wearing a vestlike jean skirt. My face would turn red whenever I speak. After I have turned thirty, I am seated in front of a bureau, in a suit of famous brand, reproaching a subordinate coldly “How dare you ask such a stupid question? Why didn’t you make a draft first?” RV: At the age of twenty, wearing a jeans jumper, I moved about on the campus, my face blushing the moment I had the inclination to make an utterance. At the age of thirty, I, wearing a famous-brand suit and a cold look, reproach my subordinate bluntly, “How can you go so far as to raise such a silly, mindless question?”

B3U8 课文翻译及课后练习答案

Unit 8 Nature and Nuture In-class reading 课内阅读 参考译文 基因、环境与双胞胎 1 遗传与环境究竟哪一个影响更大呢?在相当大的程度上,一个人生来具有的潜力将决定他一生的作为。因此遗传即命运,是命中注定的东西。然而,基因并不是在真空中发挥作用的;一旦我们开始认识到基因在个人发展中所起的作用,我们就会明白,没有与其相互作用的环境,就不可能有任何个人的发展。没有一个特点是完全由环境或者完全由基因造成的。 2 遗传和环境的相对影响在同卵双胞胎中最易观察到。大多数的同卵双胞胎是在一起抚养长大的,因而无论在外表还是行为上都惊人地相像。这些实例证明,若在同样的环境中抚养成长,具有相同基因的个体就会以几乎同样的方式对环境作出反应。但这些例子并不能说明如果把这些同卵双胞胎分开抚养会发生什么情况。 3 对分开抚养的同卵双胞胎已进行了许多研究。被研究的这些双胞胎都生活在美国,成长的自然环境几乎相同,并且具有几乎相同的营养史。因而,正如所料,他们在外表、身高和体重上极其相似。也有例外:一对双胞胎中的一个患了相当严重的疾病而另一个却没生病;但是总体而言,同卵双胞胎,甚至从婴儿时就分离的同卵双胞胎,在心理和身体上会如此相似,给每个人留下了深刻的印象。 4 在对从一出生就分离的19对双胞胎的研究中,研究者发现,其中约三分之二的双胞胎之间的差异与一起长大的双胞胎之间的差异一样不明显。这有力地说明了基因的影响力和环境作用的局限性。然而,必须记住的是,尽管被研究的同卵双胞胎生活在不同家庭里且相距甚远,但总体而言,那些家庭的环境基本上没有什么差异。通常都会千方百计地将每个孩子安置在和他自己原来的家庭背景相同的家庭里,因而发现这些双胞胎成长中有不少相似之处就不足为奇了。但是在那些分开抚养的双胞胎的生长环境有较大差异的实例中,双胞胎之间的差异就很大。下面的例子说明了在对比度很大的环境中成长的同卵双胞胎的情况。 5 格莱迪丝和海伦出生于俄亥俄州的一个小镇,在大约18个月时被分开抚养。她们直到28岁才再次相遇。海伦被领养了两次。她最初的养父母结果靠不住,两年后海伦又被送回到孤儿院。过了几个月,她再一次被住在密歇根东南部的一对农场主夫妇领养。此后25年她一直住在那里。她的第二个养母尽管本身没受过什么教育,却下决心要让海伦得到良好的教育;海伦最终大学毕业,教了12年的书,26岁时结婚,并有了一个女儿。 6 格莱迪丝被加拿大的一个列车乘务员及其妻子领养。她读三年级的那一年,全家搬到了加拿大落基山脉一带一个相当偏僻的地方,那儿没有学校,格莱迪丝的正式教育也就此结束,直到全家搬到安大略省后才得以继续。于是格莱迪丝就呆在家里干家务,一直到她17岁,随后在一家针织厂工作。19岁那年她去了底特律,找到一份工作,21岁时结了婚。 7 海伦在儿童和成年时期都一直比格莱迪丝健康,但除了这一点以及各自所受的教育不同之外,她们的生活环境十分相似。她们的体重、身高、发色和牙齿都十分相似。她们之间的区别显然与她们各自的家庭生活和社交生活不同有关。 8 海伦自信、举止得体、充分利用了她外表的优势,在社交中也显得很从容,有修养。格莱迪丝则害羞、忸怩、沉默寡言,缺乏迷人或优雅的风度。一位研究她们的科学家曾经说过:“这两个双胞胎之间的悬殊差异真可谓是大学教育的颇有说服力的广告。” 9 考虑到她们环境方面的经历的本质不同,海伦和格莱迪丝之间的差异也就不足为怪了。由于心理特点在很大程度上取决于经历,可想而知心理特点也反映经历。另一方面,那些不易受环境影响的特点更有可能在同卵双胞胎中表现出高度的相似性。尽管基因十分重要,但

课内文言文翻译参考答案(新)

《苏武传译文》 1.武帝嘉其义,乃遣武以中郎将使持节送匈奴使留在汉者, 武帝赞许他这种合乎情理的做法,于是派遣苏武凭借中郎将的身份出使,持旄节护送扣留在汉的匈奴使者回国, 因厚赂单于,答其善意。武与副中郎将张胜及假吏常惠等 趁机送给单于很丰厚的礼物,以报答他的好意。 2.会武等至匈奴,虞常在汉时, 恰逢苏武等人到匈奴。虞常在汉的时候, 素与副张胜相知,私候胜曰:“闻汉天子甚怨卫律,常能为汉伏弩射杀之, 一向与副使张胜有交往,私下拜访张胜,说:“听说汉天子很怨恨卫律,我虞常能为汉廷埋伏弩弓将他射死。 吾母与弟在汉,幸蒙其赏赐。”张胜许之,以货物与常。 我的母亲与弟弟都在汉,希望受到汉廷的照顾。”张胜许诺了他,把财物送给了虞常。 3.张胜闻之,恐前语发, 张胜听到这个消息,担心他和虞常私下所说的那些话被揭发, 以状语(yù)武。武曰:“事如此,此必及我,见犯乃死,重负国。” 便把事情经过告诉了苏武。苏武说:“事情到了如此地步,这样一定会牵连到我们。受到(被)侮辱才去死,更对不起国家!”

4.单于壮其节,朝夕遣人候问武,而收系张胜。 单于钦佩苏武的节操,早晚派人探望、询问苏武,而把张胜逮捕监禁起来。 5.武益愈,单于使使晓武,会论虞常,欲因此时降武。 苏武的伤势逐渐好了。单于派使者通知苏武,一起来判处虞常(的罪),想借这个机会使苏武投降。 6.苏君今日降,明日复然。空以身膏草野,谁复知之!” 苏君你今日投降,明日也是这样。白白地用身体给草地做肥料,又有谁知道你呢!” 7.若知我不降明,欲令两国相攻,匈奴之祸,从我始矣。” 你明知道我决不会投降,想要使汉和匈奴互相攻打。匈奴的灾祸,将从我开始了!” 8.律知武终不可胁,白单于。单于愈益欲降之,乃幽武置大窖中,绝不饮食。卫律知道苏武终究不可胁迫投降,报告了单于。单于越发想要使他投降,就把苏武囚禁起来,放在 大地穴里面,不给他喝的吃的。 天雨雪,武卧啮雪与旃毛并咽之,数日不死。 天下雪,苏武卧着嚼雪,同毡毛一起吞下充饥,几日不死。 9.终不得归汉,空自苦亡人之地,信义安所见乎? 你终究不能回归本朝了,白白地在荒无人烟的地方受苦,你对汉廷的信义又怎能有所表现呢? 《师说》译文: 1.师者,所以传道受业解惑也。

(英语) 英语翻译专题练习(及答案)

(英语)英语翻译专题练习(及答案) 一、高中英语翻译 1.高中英语翻译题:Translate tbe following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1.我们打篮球的时间到了。 (time) 2.他设法把游客及时送到了机场。 (manage) 3.你今晚能来参加我的生日聚会? (possible) 4.应该鼓励年轻人按照自己的特长选择职业。(encourage) 5.我对学生所谈的电子产品一无所知,我发现自己落伍了。(ignorant) 6.尽管遭受如重的自然灾害,但只要不灰心,我们终会克服暂时的困难。(Although...) 【答案】 1.It’s time for us to play basketball. 2.He managed to send the tourists to the airport in time. 3.Is it possible for you to attend my birthday party this evening? 4.Young people should be encouraged to choose their careers according to their own strong points. 5.Being ignorant of the electronic products the students are talking about, I find myself left behind. 6.Although we are suffering such a severe natural disaster, we will eventually overcome the temporary difficult as long as we don’t lose heart. 【解析】 1.考查time的用法。分析句子可知,本句为一般现在时,it is time for sb to do sth “该到某人做某事了”。为固定句型。再根据其它提示。故翻译为:It’s time for us to play basketball。2.考查manage的用法和一般过去时。分析句子可知,本句为一般过去时,manage to do sth“设法做某事”为固定短语。in time“ 及时”为介词短语,在句中作状语。再根据其它提示。故翻译为:He managed to send the tourists to the airport in time。 3.考查possible的用法和一般现在时。分析句子可知,本句为一般现在时,it is possible for sb to do sth “ 某人做某事是可能的”,it作为形式主语完成整个句子,不定式作为真正主语。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为:Is it possible for you to attend my birthday party this evening? 4.考查encourage的用法。encourage sb. to do sth.的被动语态形式就是sb. be encouraged to do sth.另外,此题还考查短语according to(按照)和strong points(长处,特长)。再根据其它提示。故翻译为:Young people should be encouraged to choose their careers according to their own strong points。 5.考查形容词短语作状语、定语从句以及find的用法。分析句子可知,本句为一般现在时,主语为I ,谓语为find, find oneself done表示“发现自己被…”,left behind是“被落在后面了”作宾语补足语。Being ignorant of the electronic products the students are talking about 为形容词短语作原因状语从句。products 为先行词,在后面的定语从句中,作talk about的

中英翻译练习题(2018-6-6)1

中英翻译练习题 1.沿途要住在停留和反省。 Stop and reflect along the way. 2.不过我认为还要有些橄榄油和醋,这样你随时可以兴之所至就弄个沙拉。 Although I’d also include some olive oil and vinegar so you’re always prepared for an impromptu salad. 3.每个流出序列流都有一个条件,将通过评估此条件来确定对应序列流是否发生。 Each outgoing Sequence Flow has a condition that will be evaluated to determine whether or not it occurs. 4.我将这些蚀刻图案当成终极的科学纹身纹在身上。 I like to think of these engravings as the ultimate science tattoos. 5.但是,互联网作为最终的数字传输版的营销市场的观念现在还是令人怀疑。

But the notion of the Web as the ultimate marketplace for digital delivery is now in doubt. 6.激活外出性同步化并设置时间跨度。 Enable outgoing synchronization and set the time span. 7.你想从极限简约主义那学到一些生活中的经验吗? Would you like to learn some lessons in life from the ultimate minimalist? 8.她替他们起草一个计划。 She draft out a plan for them. 9.不过,各个语言组正在努力解决这些问题,您应当参考相应语言绑定的文档,以了解有哪些限制(如果有)。 However, the language teams are hard at work to address that, and you should refer to the documentation of your language bindings to see what (if any) limitations apply. 10.我们在原则上接受了这个条款。 We accepted the item in principle.

《晏子春秋》翻译练习及参考答案

《晏子春秋》翻译练习及参考答案 1.翟王子羡臣于景公,以重驾,公观之而不说也。嬖人婴子欲观之,公曰:“及晏子寝病也。”居囿中台上以观之,婴子说之,因为之请曰:“厚禄之!”公许诺。晏子起病而见公,公曰:“翟王子羡之驾,寡人甚说之,请使之示乎?”晏子曰:“驾御之事,臣无职焉。”公曰:“寡人一乐之,是欲禄之以万钟,其足乎?”对曰:“昔卫士东野之驾也,公说之,婴子不说,公曰不说,遂不观。今翟王子羡之驾也,公不说,婴子说,公因说之;为请,公许之,则是妇人为制也。且不乐治人,而乐治马,不厚禄贤人,而厚禄御夫。昔者先君桓公之地狭于今,修法治,广政教,以霸诸侯。今君,一诸侯无能亲也,岁凶年饥,道途死者相望也。君不此忧耻,而惟图耳目之乐,不修先君之功烈,而惟饰驾御之伎,则公不顾民而忘国甚矣。且诗曰:‘载骖载驷,君子所诫。’夫驾八,固非制也,今又重此,其为非制也,不滋甚乎!且君苟美为之,田猎则不便,道行致远则不可,然而用马数倍#乐之,国必,此非御下之道也。淫于耳目,不当民务,此圣王之所禁也。君苟美乐之,诸侯必或效我,君无厚德善政以被诸侯,而易之以僻,此非所以子民、彰名、致远、亲邻国之道也。且贤良废灭,孤寡不振,而听嬖妾以禄御夫以蓄怨,与民为雠之道也。诗曰:‘哲夫成城,哲妇倾城。’今君不免成城之求,而惟倾城之务,国之亡日至矣。君其图之!”公曰:“善”遂不复观,乃罢归翟王子羡,而疏嬖人婴子。(《晏子春秋·景公爱嬖妾随其所欲晏子谏》) 【译文】 翟王的儿子翟羡靠能用十六匹马驾车当了景公的臣子。景公看他驾车,很不喜欢。景公的宠妾婴子想要观看,景公说:“等晏子有病卧床不起的时候,站在园子里的高台上来观看。”婴子看了以后很喜欢,于是就替翟羡请求说:“给他优厚的俸禄。”景公答应了。晏子病愈后谒见景公,景公说:“翟王的儿子翟羡驾车,我很喜欢,让他驾给你看看吗?”晏子说:“驾驭车马的事,不在我的职权范围之内。”景公说:“我对他驾车感到很高兴,想要给他万钟俸禄,大概够了吧?”晏子回答说:“过去卫国人姓东野的驾车,您很喜欢,可是婴子不喜欢,您也说不喜欢,于是就不再看他驾车。现在翟王的儿子翟羡驾车,您不喜欢,可是婴子喜欢,您于是也就喜欢了。婴子替他请求俸禄,您就答应了。那么,这就是被妇人制约了。况且不乐于治理人民,却喜欢调理马匹;不给贤德的人优厚的俸禄,却给赶车的人优厚的俸禄。从前我们的先君齐桓公的领土比现在狭小,他整顿法纪,推广政教,因而称霸诸侯。现在您不能让一个诸侯亲附,年成不好,道路饿死的人随处可见。您不以此为忧,不以此为耻,却只顾贪图享乐;不继承先君的功业,却只讲求驾驭车马的技巧。那么,您不关心百姓疾苦、忘掉国家盛衰也太过分了。况且《诗经》上说:‘三匹马驾车四匹马驾车,是诸侯到来了。’用八匹马驾车,本来就不符合制度了。现在又用十六匹马驾车,这样不符合制度不是更严重了吗?况且您如果以此为美,以此为乐,国内一定有很多人这样做。驾这么多马去打猎就很不方便,到远方去就更不可以,可是使用的马匹却多了几倍。这不是驾驭臣下的办法。过分追求享乐,不妥善处理百姓的事务,这是圣贤的君主所禁止的。您如果以此为美,以此为乐,诸侯一定有人效法我们,您没有淳厚的道德、美好的政治施加于诸侯,却用邪僻的行为来影响他们,这不是爱民如子、使名声显赫、使远人归附、使邻国亲近的办法。况且贤良的人被废弃,孤儿寡妇不得救济,却听信宠妾的话增加赶车人的俸禄,从而加深人民的怨恨,这是与人民为敌的行为。《诗经》上说:‘聪明的男子可以使国家稳固,聪明的女子却能使国家颠覆。’现在您不考虑如何让国家稳固,却只干些使国家颠覆的事。国家灭亡的日子就要到了。希望您好好考虑考虑。”景公说:“您说的好。”景公于是不再观看驾车,罢免黜退了翟王的儿子翟羡,而且疏远了婴子。

相关文档
相关文档 最新文档