高楼变频恒压供水系统
高楼变频恒压供水系统
某小区高楼变频恒压供水控制系统设计
摘要
随着我国社会经济的发展，城市建设发展十分迅速，同时也对基础设施建设提出了更高的要求。城市供水系统的建设是其中的一个重要方面，供水的可靠性、稳定性、经济性直接影响到用户的正常工作和生活。随着人们对供水质量和供水系统可靠性要求的不断提高，利用先进的自动化技术、控制技术以及通讯技术，设计出高性能、高节能、能适应供水厂复杂环境的恒压供水系统成为必然趋势。
本文首先根据管网和水泵的运行特性曲线，阐明了供水系统的变频调速节能原理；具体分析了变频恒水压供水的原理及系统的组成结构，通过研究和比较，得出结论:变频调速是当今国际上一项效益最高、性能最好、应用最广、最有发展前途的电机调速技术。因此本文以采用变频器和PLC 组合构成系统的方式，以某居民小区水泵电动机控制系统为对象，逐步阐明如何实现水压恒定供水。
进行了控制系统的主电路设计，控制电路设计。对输入输出点进行了统计，共有13个输入输出点，根据PLC的选型原则，设备选用了在生产中应用最为广泛的西门子公司生产的S7-200系列(CPU222)的PLC和MM430泵类专用的变频器，利用变频器的本身自有的软启动功能实现水泵电机的启动。在控制过程中，电控系统由S7-200完成，PID控制由变频器的内置PID控制方式完成，根据控制系统软硬件设计和控制要求，结合变频器的功能参数表预置了相关的参数。在介绍了PLC的编程方法的基础上，选用了适合初学者的逻辑代数编程，写出了恒压变频供水的逻辑代数，并设计了梯形图，利用PLCSIM仿真软件进行了仿真，仿真的结果表明了设计程序的正确性。利用了WinCC组态软件设计了高楼变频恒压供水控制系统的界面，界面可动态反映水泵变频供水的工作状态。最后对恒压供水进行了经济效益分析，分析的结果表明具有明显的节能效益。
关键词：恒压供水，变频调速，PLC，设计，仿真
ABSTRACT
As China's social and economic development, urban construction and development very quickly, but also the construction of infrastructure facilities has put forward higher requirements. City water supply system construction is one of the important aspects of the water supply reliability and stability, the economy of a direct impact on the user's normal work and life. As people on the water quality and water supply systems in the continuous improvement of reliability requirements, the use of advanced automation technology, control technology and communication technology, design a high-performance, high-energy, water supply plants to adapt to the complex environment of constant pressure water supply Systems become an inevitable trend
In this paper, pipe network and pumps under the operation of the curve, clarify the water supply system for energy-saving Frequency Control Principle; specific analysis of the frequency of the principle of constant pressure water supply system and the composition of the structure, through research and comparison, concluded: Frequency Control is the highest international one-effectiveness, performance, the best and most widely, the most The future development of the Motor technology. Therefore this paper to adopt the PLC and inverter combination of a systematic approach to a small residential area pump motor control system for the target, and gradually clarified how to achieve a constant supply pressure.
A control system for the main circuit design, control circuit design. The input and output points to the statistics, a total of 13 input and output, the PLC in accordance with the principle of selection, equipment selection in the production of the most widely produced by Siemens S7-200 series (CPU222) of the PLC and pumps for MM430 The converter, using its own frequency converter itself to achieve the soft-start the pump motor launch. In the control process, the electronic control system completed by the S7-200, PID control by the converter built-in PID control manner, in accordance with control system software and hardware design and control requirements, combining the functions of converter table preset parameters of the relevant parameters . After the introduction of the PLC programming methods, based on the choice of the logic of algebra for beginners programming, the constant pressure to write the logic of algebra frequency of water supply and design of the ladder, use of
simulation software PLCSIM the simulation, simulation The results show that the correctness of the design process. WinCC use of the configuration software designed high frequency constant pressure water supply control system interface, dynamic interface may reflect the work of pumping frequency of water supply status. Finally, the constant pressure of water supply for the economic benefit analysis, analysis of the results showed that a significant energy efficiency.
Keywords：Constant pressure Water Supply ，Variable velocity Variable frequency，PLC，Design，Simulation
目录
第一章绪论 (6)
1.1引言 (6)
1.2本课题产生的背景和意义 (7)
1.3变频恒压供水的现况 (7)
1.3.1 国内外变频供水系统现状 (7)
1.3.2 变频供水系统应用范围 (8)
1.4本人的主要工作 (8)
第二章变频恒压供水的理论分析 (10)
2.1水泵的工作原理 (10)
2.2供水电机的搭配 (10)
2.3水泵的调节方式 (11)
2.4恒压供水系统的能耗分析 (12)
2.5供水系统的安全性问题 (14)
2.5.1 水锤效应 (14)
2.5.3 水锤效应的消除 (15)
2.5.4 延长水泵寿命的其他因素 (16)
第三章变频恒压供水控制系统硬件的设计 (17)
3.1变频恒压供水控制系统的构成方案 (17)
3.2变频恒压供水系统的控制方案 (18)
3.3供水设备的选择原则 (19)
3.4参数的计算与供水设备选型 (23)
3.4.1 水泵的参数计算与型号的选择 (23)
3.4.2 变频器的选择 (24)
3.4.3 压力传感器的选择 (27)
3.4.4 水位传感器的选择 (28)
3.4.5 其他低压电器的选择 (28)
3.5PLC的选型 (28)
3.5.1 I/O点的统计 (29)
3.5.2 PLC选型的基本原则 (30)
3.5.3 I/O的分配 (30)
3.6系统硬件线路设计 (32)
3.7PID参数的预置 (33)
第四章变频恒压供水控制系统软件的设计 (37)
4.1常用编程方法 (37)
4.1.1 经验设计法 (37)
4.1.2 翻译设计法 (37)
4.1.3 逻辑代数设计法 (38)
4.2编程软件的简单介绍 (41)
4.3恒压供水系统梯形图的设计 (42)
4.4程序的仿真与调试 (47)
4.4.1 仿真软件的简介 (47)
4.4.2 恒压供水系统程序的仿真调试 (47)
4.5恒压变频供水系统的W IN CC界面设计 (50)
4.5.1 WinCC软件简介 (50)
4.5.2 恒压供水系统的WinCC界面设计 (51)
4.6经济效益分析 (55)
第五章总结与期望 (58)