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人教版八年级英语上册-unit6-语法知识点

Unit 6 I’m going to study computer science.

否定结构：be not going to do / will not dozaq (won’t) will 与be going to两者都表示将来要做的动作，但还是有区别的。

一、be going to表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will表示的将来时间则较远一些。

如：We are going to take a walk tonight. I will visit you in a month.

二、在表示将来发生的事情时，be going to用于主观判断，will则多用于客观的情况。

如：He is going to die. 他就要死了。She will be thirteen years old. 他就快13岁了。三、be going to含有“打算，准备”的意思，而will则没有这个意思，

如：Tomorrow I am going to wake up at 7:00. Everyone will learn English.

四、在有条件从句的主句中，主句中一般不用be going to, 而多用will.

如：If he comes, I'll tell you. 如果他来了我会告诉你。

五、可表示说话人按照他的意图将要发生或进行的动作时，各有侧重：

若事先计划或考虑，而是在说话的当时临时想到的意图或临时作出的决定时，则要用will。若表示经过事先考虑好的意图时，要用be going to。例如：

I’ll answer t he telephone.（事先没经过考虑）

I’m going to meet him at the railway station. （已经过考虑）

六、在正式的通知（如新闻媒体公布的官方消息，气象预报等）中用will。例如：

Ji’an will be cloudy with the temperature from eighteen to twenty-eight.(吉安阴，气温十八到二十八摄氏度。)

七、表示有迹象表明要发生某事，只用be going to，不用will。例如：

Look at the clouds, it’s going to be rain.

1.词性

(1) 动词后加er

listen→listener 听众 read → reader 读者teach → teacher 教师 clean→ cleaner 清洁工 sing→singer 歌手

work →worker 工人farm→ farmer 农夫own→owner 主人 play → player 运动员wait →waiter 服务员

(2) 以e结尾的加r

write →writer 作家 dance→dancer 舞蹈演员 drive → driver 驾驶员

(3) 在动词后加or

visit→visitor 参观者 invent→ inventor 发明者 act→actor 男演员

①Li Na is an outstanding tennise _____________. ( play)

②These _________________( read) are all from Xi’an ,Shangxi.

2. violin →violinist; piano→ pianist

【拓展】 -ist 是一个名词后缀，加在某些名词或动词后面，可用来表示“从事某种职业的人“ piano → pianist science→ scientist art →artist 艺术家

①Why do you want to be a ________________(science)?

②My brother likes math very much. He wants to be a ___ when he grows up.

A. piano

B. driver

C. pilot

D. scientist

3. move to + 地点搬到某地

4. see the doctor 看医生 at the doctor’s 在诊所

5. be sure about 确信 make sure 确保

(1) be sure +about / of +名词、代词或动名词对……有把握She is sure of success. 她确信会成功。

(2) be sure to do sth 务必；确信I’m sure to go with you. 我确信和你一起去

(3) be sure +that 从句We are sure that you can make great progress this term.

(4)▲ make sure + that 从句Make sure that you can find out the truth soon. 确保你能很找出真相。▲make sure to do sth 务必干……

▲ make sure of sb./ sth 弄清楚某人/事

( ) ① Please check your paper to _______ there are no mistakes

A. think of

B. try out

C. find out

D. make sure

( )②You need to take notes at the meeting so make sure ___ a pen and some paper with you.

A. bring

B. bringing

C. to bring

D. not bring

5. Keep on doing sth继续做某事 (指经过一段时间的间隙后“继续做同一件事”)

keep sb. doing sth 使某人处于某种状态 keep sb/ sth from doing sth 阻止某人做某事

拓展：go on 继续 go on doing sth/ go on to do sth

6. not everyone 并不是每个人

⑴ everyone 作不定代词时视为第三人称单数，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。

Not everyone likes the movie “Lost in Thailand” .

⑵部分否定：当not 与all, every, both等连用时，表示部分否定， not 可放在这些词之前，也可放在句中。Not all of them know the answer.

⑶全部否定：如： none no one; no; neither None of them know the answer.

( ) Not everyone _______ here. A. is B. are C. am

7. send [send] v邮寄，发送→sent → sent send sb. Sth = send sth to sb. 送某人某物

give (pass/ show/ sell) sb. sth = give ( pass/ show / sell ) sth to sb.

send for 派人去请 send up 发射； send off 寄出；为……送行send out 派遣；发出

( ) ① Please send ____ best wishes to Mary. A. I B. me C. my D. mine

( ) ② On June16,2012, China _____ its Shenzhou IX spaceship.

A. set out

B. set off

C. sent up

D. sent out

8.grow → grew →grown v (1) 生长，成长 (2) 种植

( )② The farmer likes _____ vegetables in his garden, and they all ____ well.

A. growing; grow up

B. to grow ; grow up

C. growing; grow

D. to grow grows

9.【词形变换】act v 表演→ actor n 男演员→ actress n 女演员

take acting lessons 上表演课【注】 take singing lessons 上声乐课

take … lessons = have… lessons 上……课

① Li Long loves art and wants to be an___________ (act) in the future

②— Are they going to take ________________(act) lessons? — No, they aren’t .

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而名词性物主代词(mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs则相单于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。如： Is this your book? No,，it isn’t，it’s hers(her book)

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