2003年10月自考英语二试题及答案

2003年10月全国高等教育自学考试试题

英语(二)

Ⅰ．Vocabulary and Structure (10 points, 1 point for each item)

从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

1．We feel it a pity that he didn’t live up to _____________had been expected of him.

A．which B．all what C．what D．that

2．As a painter, Ted was very ___________ about the colors he used.

A．specific B．special C．peculiar D．particular

3．A major-party nominee has the critical advantage in the campaign for the presidential election _____________ he has the support from the party-faithful.

A．in that B．in which C．for which D．for that

4．The doctors are ___________ about the guidelines under which they can carry out euthanasia.

A．at a stretch B．at a loss C．at random D．at length

5．Workers seldom commit acts of violence, because they can put their aggression into their work, ___________it physical like the work of a smith, or mental like the work of a scientist.

A．were B．was C．being D．be

6．Some persons gain goal and direction from their tensions; others ___________ under pressure.

A．fall out B．fall apart C．fall back on D．fall in with 7．I have no idea what’s standing ___________ accomplishing our goals and objectives.

A．in the way of B．on the way to

C．by way of D．in one’s way of

8．He will not make a ___________ on LaSane’s side of the conversation.

A．statement B．reference C．comment D．note

9．Never before ___________ so rapidly developing as it is today.

A．has our country been B．our country has been

C．has been our country D．our country hasn’t been

10．In some big cities in America, there are three or four elementary schools and secondary

schools, ___________.

A．with each within one’s walking or cycling distance

B．each within one’s walking or cycling distance

C．it is within one’s walking or cycling distance

D．with each that is within one’s walking or cycling distance

Ⅱ．Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item)

下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

Eye contact is important, because too little or too much eye contact may cause communication problems. It is important in relationships because it helps to show closeness, attention and influence. 11 with facial expressions, there are no specific rules 12 eye behavior 13 that it is considered rude to stare, especially 14 strangers. It is, 15 , common for two strangers to walk toward each other, 16 eye contact, smile and perhaps even say “Hi!”The strangers may immediately look 17 and forget that they even had any contact. This type of glance does not mean much; it is simply a way of acknowledging another person’s 18 . In a conversation too little eye contact may be seen negatively because it 19 lack of interest, inattention and even mistrust. The relationship between mistrust and lack of eye contact is shown directly in the expression, “Never trust a person who can’t look you 20 the eye.”

11．A．Like B．As C．Likely D．Together

12．A．governing B．govern C．governed D．being governed 13．A．besides B．beside C．except D．except for

14．A．for B．at C．to D．in

15．A．moreover B．furthermore C．but D．however

16．A．make B．to make C．making D．made

17．A．down B．up C．away D．out

18．A．absent B．present C．absence D．presence

19．A．conveys B．conceals C．conducts D．consists

20．A．to B．in C．at D．out of

Ⅲ．Reading Comprehension (30 points, 2 points for each item )

从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

Passage One

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

Young people often wonder at the large number of employers who do not respond to their applications for jobs. They say that despite enclosing return envelopes they hear nothing at all or , at best , an impersonal (无人情味的) note is sent declaring that the post for which they applied has been filled. Applicants often suspect that job vacancies are set aside for friends and relatives and that advertisements are only put to prevent this accusation(指责). Many of them are tired of writing away and feel that if only they could obtain an interview with the right person their application would meet with success.

Not to acknowledge applicants’ letters is impolite and there seems little excuse for this, yet even sending brief replies to the many who apply takes much time and money. That so-called return envelope may not have been stamped by the sender, and an office manger under the heavy workload may be reluctant to send off long letters of explanation to disappointed job-hunters. A brief note is all that can be managed and even that depends on the policy of the firm. But the difficulty is reasonably easy to remove with a little goodwill.

21．It can be inferred from the first paragraph that applicants have good reasons to believe that the posts they apply for_______________.

A．are only for the purpose of advertisement

B．are reserved for friends and relatives

C．are not there at all

D．are not good enough to satisfy their needs

22．Many job-hunters think that they can get a job if_______________.

A．they write more letters of application

B．they find the right person

C．they have more success

D．they can get an interview

23．The chief reason for a manager not to acknowledge applicants’letters is that _________________.

A．it takes a lot of time and money B．it takes a lot of trouble

C．it requires a lot of efforts D．it requires a lot of energy

24．The author thinks that a letter to an applicant should be_______________.

A．a long one B．a short one

C．a brief one with a little goodwill D．one with full explanation

25．What is the major complaint of job-hunters?

A．They have no chance to see the manager.

B．Their letters of application often get no response.

C．Job advertisements are totally a lie.

D．Writing application letters takes up too much of their time.

Passage Two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

Let’s look at another example of how people’s communication patterns differ: the way people converse. Some foreigners have observed that when Americans carry on a conversation, it seems as if they are having a Ping-Pong game. One person has the ball and then hits it to the other side of the table. The other player hits the ball back and the game continues. If one person doesn’t return the ball, then the conversation stops. Each part of the conversation follows this pattern: the greeting and the opening, the discussion of a topic, and the closing and farewell. If either person talks too much, the other may become impatient and feel that he is dominating the conversation. Similarly, if one person doesn’t say enough or ask enough questions to keep the conversation going, the conversation stops.

Many North Americans, are impatient with culturally different conversation styles simply because the styles are unfamiliar. For example, to many North Americans it seems that some Latin Americans dominate conversations, or hold the ball too long. Speaking of her co-workers from several Latin American countries, one North American woman said, “I just find it difficult to cut in. They seem to take such a long time to express themselves. They give you a lot of unnecessary details.”When she talked with them, she became tense, because she found it so hard to participate. Yet she also noted that when they talked to each other, nobody seemed uncomfortable or left out.

The North American woman didn’t know how to interrupt the Latin American conversations because North American ways of listening and breaking in are very different. She had been taught

to listen politely until the other person finished talking. (Once again, there are gender (性别) differences; it has been observed that men tend to interrupt women more than women interrupt men. )When the North American woman did what was “natural”or “normal”for her (i. e. , listen politely without interrupting), she was not comfortable in the conversation with the Latin Americans. The result was that she became more passive in her conversations with her co-workers. The differences between the unspoken rules of conversation of each cultural group interfered with their on-the-job relationship.

26．When North Americans converse together, each one of the group is supposed to_______________.

A．participate in the talk B．play Ping-Pong games

C．interrupt the speaker D．dominate the conversation

27．When North Americans converse with the Latin Americans, the North Americans would feel_______________.

A．involved B．left out

C．comfortable D．relaxed

28．To the North Americans, the Latin Americans are_______________.

A．polite B．communicative

C．dominant D．familiar

29．We can infer from this passage that_______________.

A．people from different cultures cannot communicate with each other

B．different conversational styles may affect people’s relationships

C．men are more talkative than women

D．North Americans’ conversational habits are better than those of Latin Americans’

30．The best title for this passage is_______________.

A．Different Conversation Styles B．Different Conversation Topics

C．Different Conversation Processes D．Different Conversation Effects

Passage Three

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.

When your parents advise you to “get an education”in order to raise your income, they tell you only half the truth. What they really mean is to get just enough education to provide

manpower for your society, but not so much that you prove an embarrassment to your society.

Get a college degree, if possible. With a B. A. , you’ll have a good start. But now you have to slow down. If you go for a master’s degree, make sure it is an M. B. A. , and only from a first-rate university. Beyond this, the famous law of diminishing returns (报酬递减率) begins to take effect.

Do you know, for instance, that long distant truck drivers earn more per year than full professors? Yes, the average 1977 salary for those truckers was $ 24, 000, while the full professors managed to earn just $ 23, 030.

A Ph. D. (博士) is the highest degree you can get. Except for a few specialized fields such as physics or chemistry where the degree can quickly be turned to industrial or commercial purposes, if you pursue such a degree in any other field, you will face a dim future. There are more Ph. D. s unemployed or under-employed in this country than in any other part of the world.

If you become a Ph. D. in English or history or political science or languages or—worst of all —in philosophy, you run the risk of becoming overeducated for our national demands. Not for our needs, mind you, but for our demands.

Thousands of Ph. D. s are selling shoes, driving cars, waiting on tables, and endlessly filling out applications month after month. They may also take a job in some high school or second-rate college that pays much less than what the doorkeeper earns.

You can equate (同等看待) the level of income with the level of education only so far. Far enough, that is, to make you useful to the gross national product, but not so far that nobody can turn much of a profit on you.

31．Your parents advise you to “get an education”partly because they want you_______________.

A．to gain more knowledge B．to earn more money

C．to get a degree D．to free yourself from embarrassment

32．From the second paragraph, we can infer that both B. A. and M. B. A.

are_______________.

A．professions B．jobs

C．college degrees D．academic disciplines

33．According to the author, _______________.

A．a high degree helps you greatly in finding a satisfactory job

B．a high degree does not necessarily help you to find a satisfactory job

C．the higher degree you get, the more money you can make

D．the higher degree you get, the dimmer future you will face

34．The author would advise you to specialize in the fields of _______________ for a doctor’s degree.

A．physics or chemistry B．English or history

C．political science D．philosophy

35．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A．Well-educated professionals sometimes earn less than truck drivers.

B．It’s easier for those who specialize in the fields of physics and chemistry to find a job. C．Some Ph. D. graduates work as shop assistants, car drivers, waiters or waitresses, because they cannot find a suitable job.

D．Your Ph. D. degree will make your country embarrassed.

Ⅳ．Word Spelling (10 points, I point for two items)

将下列汉语单词译成英语。作为提示，每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。

36．幸存n. s__ __ __ __ __ __ __

37．遥远的，偏僻的 a. r__ __ __ __ __

38．学龄前的 a. p__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

39．优点；功绩n. m__ __ __ __

40．简化v. s__ __ __ __ __ __ __

41．宇宙的；普遍的 a. u__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

42．趋势，倾向n. t __ __ __ __ __ __ __

43．学术的 a. a__ __ __ __ __ __ __

44．容量；能力n. c__ __ __ __ __ __ __

45．固定住；附加v. a__ __ __ __ __

46．圆盘；磁盘n. d__ __ __

47．从事于，参与v. e__ __ __ __ __

48．现今，现在ad. n__ __ __ __ __ __ __

49．基金；储备n. f__ __ __

50．保证，担保v. g__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

51．起初的；独创的 a. o__ __ __ __ __ __ __

52．预测，预报v. f__ __ __ __ __ __ __

53．平静的；和平的 a. p__ __ __ __ __ __ __

54．技术员n. t__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

55．十一月n. N__ __ __ __ __ __ __

Ⅴ．Word Form (10 points, 1 point for each item)

将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。

56．His wife would rather they _____________ (not, talk) about the matter any more. 57．The earth is one of the nine planets which _____________ (revolve) round the sun. 58．The presidential candidates in the U. S. _____________ (concern) with winning the states which have the largest population.

59．Only by keeping down costs will America maintain its _____________ (compete) advantage over other countries.

60．The robots used in nuclear plants to handle the radioactive materials prevent human personnel from ___________(expose) to radiation.

61．He has decided to have a look at the house and see if it might be worth _____________ (buy).

62．It is self-esteem that makes it possible _____________ (cope) with the everyday problems of growing up.

63．Experts found in an experiment that improved self-control and enhanced creative thinking ability ___________(result) from daydreaming.

64．The nearer a society _____________ (approximate) to zero population growth, the older its population is likely to be.

65．A number of difficulties _____________ (arise) since we began to work on the new design.

Ⅵ．Translation from Chinese into English(1 5 points，3 points for each item)

将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。

66．他解决的问题越多，就越好奇。

67．人们更愿意谈论足球或天气，而不是人寿险。

68．总的来说，休闲是生活的重要组成部分。

69．他们认为还应该考虑到生命的质量。

70．未来机器人，由于装有触觉装置，可承担许多工作。

Ⅶ．Translation from English into Chinese (15 points)

将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。

Large modern cities are too big to control. They impose their own living conditions on people. City inhabitants are forced by their environment to adopt a wholly unnatural way of life. They lose touch with nature. It is possible to live such an air-conditioned life in a large city that you are barely conscious of the seasons. A few flowers in a public park (if you have the time to visit it) may remind you that it is spring or summer. A few leaves falling down from trees may remind you that it is autumn. Beyond that, what is going on in nature seems totally irrelevant. All the simple, good things of life—like sunshine and fresh air—are rare and precious. Tall buildings block the sun. Traffic fumes pollute the atmosphere. Even the distinction between day and night is lost. The flow of traffic goes on unceasingly and the noise never stops.

参考答案

Ⅰ．Vocabulary and Structure (l0 points, 1 point for each item)

1．C 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．B Ⅱ．Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item)

11．B 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．D 16．A 17．C 18．D 19．A 20．B Ⅲ．Reading Comprehension (30 points, 2 points for each item)

21．B 22．D 23．A 24．C 25．B 26．A 27．B 28．C 29．B 30．A 31．B 32．C 33．B 34．A 35．D

Ⅳ．Word Spelling (10 points, 1 point for two items)

36．survival 37．remote 38．preschool 39．merit 40．simplify 41．universal 42．tendency 43．academic 44．capacity 45．attach 46．disk/disc 47．engage 48．nowadays 49．fund 50．guarantee 51．original 52．forecast 53．peaceful 54．technician 55．November Ⅴ．Word Form (10 points for each item)

56．didn’t talk 57．revolves 58．are concerned 59．competitive 60．being exposed 61．buying 62．to cope 63．resulted

64．approximates 65．have arisen

Ⅵ．Translation from Chinese into English (15 points, 3 points for each item)

66．The more problems he solved/resolves, the more curious he was/is.

67．People would rather talk about football or weather to life insurance.

68．Generally speaking, leisure is an important part of /in life.

69．They feel that they should also take the quality of life into account.

70．The future robots, assembled with a sense of touch, will have plenty of work to do.

Ⅶ．Translation from English into Chinese (15 points)

现代化的大城市大得难以控制，他们将他们的生活条件强加给人们。都市居民由于周围的环境被迫去适应一种完全不自然的生活方式，他们失去了与大自然的亲近。空调布置的生活可能让人们意识不到季节的更迭，只有公园里的几朵鲜花(如果你有时间游览的话)，或许会提醒你这是春天或夏天，树上飘落的树叶告诉你那是金秋。除此之外，自然界中新发生的一切似乎与他们毫不相干。生活中所有简单、美好的东西，像阳光和新鲜空气，都是稀有与珍贵的。高楼遮住了阳光，汽车尾气污染了空气，甚至白天与黑夜的界限也消失了。车流不息，噪音不休。

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