三相异步电动机的杂散损耗研究

研究与设计?

EMCA2014,41(5

===============================================================================================

)三相异步电动机的杂散损耗研究

宁　榕1,　李巧莲2,　黄　坚2

(1.安徽皖南电机股份有限公司,安徽宣城　242500;

2.国家中小型电机及系统工程技术研究中心,上海　200063)

摘　要:杂散损耗影响电机的效率和温升,其大小与电动机的设计参数二加工工艺质量等因素有关三抑制杂散损耗是增效率二降成本的有效措施三分析了表面损耗二齿部脉振损耗二转子谐波损耗二横向泄漏电流损耗,并针对正弦绕组二槽配合二气隙长度二铸铝工艺的设计参数选择,分析了降低杂散损耗的措施三该措施应用到超高效三相异步电动机的产品开发,效率指标达到了新国家标准,达到了IE3超高效率标准等级,有效抑制高频杂散损耗,降低了制造成本三

关键词:三相异步电动机;杂散损耗;谐波磁场;IE3;超高效率

中图分类号:TM343+.2 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1673?6540(2014)05?0014?05

Research on Stray Loss of Three?Phase Asynchronous Motor

NING Rong1,　LI Qiaolian2,　HUANG Jian2

(1.Anhui Wannan Electric Co.,Ltd.,Xuancheng242500,China;

2.National Small and Medium?Sized Motor Systems Engineering Technology

Research Center,Shanghai200063,China)

Abstract:Efficiency and temperature rise of motor are affected by stray loss,whose size magnitude is connected with the design parameters of the motor and the quality of the processing technology and so on.Inhibition of stray loss is an effective measure to increase efficiency and reduce cost.The surface loss,tooth pulse vibration,rotor harmonic loss and transverse leakage current loss were analyzed.Based on the selection of design parameters,such as sine winding,slot coordination,air gap length,cast aluminum process,the measures to reduce stray loss was analyzed.

The measures were applied to the product development of ultra high efficiency three?phase asynchronous motor.The result shows that the efficiency index has reached new national standard,and achieved IE3ultra high efficiency standards level,and high frequency stray loss is effectively restrained,and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

Key words:three?phase asynchronous motor;stray loss;harmonic magnetic field;IE3;super?high efficiency

0　引　言

三相异步电动机的损耗一般可分为定子铜耗二转子铝(铜)耗二铁耗二风摩耗和杂散损耗三杂散损耗也可理解为除三相异步电动机的定子铜耗二转子铝(铜)耗二铁耗和风摩耗之外,无法定量计算的一部分损耗三杂散损耗值偏大,不仅使电机的效率下降,也会造成电机的温升升高三因此,对杂散损耗不应小觑三

杂散损耗产生的原因较复杂,一般杂散损耗的大小与电动机的设计参数二加工工艺质量二装配质量等因素有关三杂散损耗值的测量是否准确,与测量方法密切相关三杂散损耗尚无法准确计算,20世纪70年代在组织开展Y系列三相异步电动机全国统一设计时,推荐2极电机的杂散损耗值为输出功率的2.5%,4极电机的杂散损耗值为输出功率的2.0%,6极电机的杂散损耗值为输出功率的1.5%,8极及以上电机的杂散损耗值为输出功率的1.0%三上述推荐值有一定的合理性,但与电动机的实际情况还有些差异三由于杂散损耗值的准确测量较困难,随着改革开放后我国三相异步电动机的大量出口,为与国际交流与

41