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2014-2015学年高中英语同步课后练习(8)及答案：Unit5(人教新课标必修5)[ 高考]

2014-2015学年高中英语同步课后练习（8）及答案：Unit5（人教新课标必修5）

Unit 5First aid----Warming Up & Reading

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．Hundreds of homes suffered a ________(暂时的)loss of power after the quake.

2．The ________(障碍)to reform has always been political，not economic.

3．The brain is a complex________(器官)with much of its work unknown.

4．So you should release your pressure，or the________(症状)will be more severe.

5．Let me start off by saying that sleep is________(至关重要的)to our well-being and health.

6．She________(挤)the water out of the bottle.

7．You can't work out such a ________(复杂的)problem in just a few pages.

8．The first________(援助)skills are of great use when needed.

9．Don't lift that box—you'll do yourself an________(伤害)．

10．It's so hot today，but the ________(电的)fan isn't working.

Ⅱ.单项填空

1．The lemon looks very dry to me，but you may be able to________a few drops.

A．leave out B．apply for

C．squeeze out D．sweep up

2．(2012·合肥高二检测)After a long travel，he got home，hungry and tired，then ________.

A．was ill B．fell ill

C．got an ill D．felt ill

3．(2012·淄博高二月考)Some insects bit her face and soon it began to________.

A．swell B．injury

C．damage D．destroy

4．She________her trouble to me over a cup of coffee.

A．poured from B．poured down

C．poured out D．poured in

5．If everyone in the country________some________，many lives would have been saved in the accident.

A．had known；first aids B．had known；first aid

C．knew；first aids D．knew；first aid

6．As more and more cars are produced and used，the emission from their exhaust-pipes contains an even larger volume of________gas.

A．poisonous B．various

C．continuous D．delicious

7．With everything________，he started the slide show.

A．in the place of B．in places

C．in place of D．in place

8．(2012·德州高二检测)The earthquake hit the southeast of the country，causing 6 deaths and hundreds of________.

A．hurts B．damages

C．wounds D．injuries

9．It is well known that Thomas Edison invented the ______ lamp.

A．electrical B．electronic

C．electric D．electricity

10．I didn't like the job，because it lacked________，that is to say，I was doing the same thing all the time.

A．variety B．energy

C．reward D．benefit

11．(2012·江西省六校联考)The skin，an________part of your body and its largest organ，________as a barrier against diseases.

A．vital，acting B．vital，acts

C．essential，acting D．essential，acts

12．(2012·天门高二检测)My grandfather is fond of talking about the good old days，________is often the case with old people.

A．when B．as C．that D．what

13．(2012·福州高二检测)A small car is big enough for a family of three ________you need more space for luggage.

A．once B．because

C．in case D．unless

14．—Do you often visit your grandparents?

—Mmm...________，I'm afraid.I usually phone them.

A．over and over again B．time and again

C．once again D．now and again

15．You are supposed to report it to your headmaster________，otherwise he will be angry.

A．if it was necessary B．if necessary

C．if necessarily D．if you are necessary

Ⅲ.完形填空

If you see someone drowning，speed is very important.Once you get him out of the__1__，if he isn't__2__，you have four minutes before his brain is competely__3__.Support his neck，tilt(使翘起)his head back and press his chin(下巴)upwards.This__4__the tongue blocking the airway in the throat and is sometimes enough to get him breathing again.If that doesn't__5__，start mouth-to-mouth breathing.Press his nostrils(鼻孔)together with your__6__.Open your__7__wide and take a deep breath.Blow into his lungs until his chest__8__.Then remove your mouth and watch his chest fall.Repeat twelve times a minute.Keep doing__9__help arrives.

To bring a child back to __10__，keep your lips around his mouth and nose and gently__11__his mouth.Give the first four breaths as quickly as possible to__12__the blood with oxygen.If，__13__your efforts，he starts turning a blue grey color，you can__14__no pulse，then pressing is the__15__chance of saving his life.

With arms straight，rock(摆动)forwards pressing down on the lower half of the breastbones.Don't be too hard__16__you may break a rib(肋骨)．Check how effective you are seeing if his color__17__or his pulse becomes independent to your chest__18__.If this__19__，stop the pressing.Otherwise__20__until the rescue arrives.

1．A.ground B．room C．water D．forest

2．A.dying B．breathing

C．swimming D．crying

3．A.destroyed B．covered

C．thinking D．moved

4．A.keeps B．makes C．does D．stops

5．A.work B．matter C．breathe D．start

6．A.feet B．arm C．fingers D．face

7．A.eyes B．hand

C．mouth D．tongue

8．A.falls B．moves

C．becomes warm D．rises

9．A.when B．after C．as D．until

10．A.speak B．life C．safety D．smile

11．A.touch B．press

C．open D．blow into

12．A.make B．fill

C．produce D．watch

13．A.as a result of B．because of

C．in spite of D．thinking of

14．A.feel B．get C．watch D．see

15．A.best B．first C．latest D．last

16．A.but B．or C．so D．since

17．A.improves B．changes

C．remains the same D．is still good

18．A.hitting B．touching

C．pressing D．moving

19．A.does B．happens

C．works D．disappears

20．A.pressing B．keep

C．go D．continue

Ⅳ.阅读理解

(2012·佛山二检)Carbon monoxide(一氧化碳)poisoning kills and injures many people and animals around the world. The gas has been a problem since people first began burning fuels to cook food or to create heat.It is a problem in all parts of the world that experience cold weather.

Carbon monoxide is called the silent killer because people do not know it is in the air.The gas has no color.It has no taste.It has no smell.It does not cause burning eyes.And it does not cause people to cough.But it is very deadly.It robs the body of its ability to use oxygen.

Carbon monoxide decreases the ability of the blood to carry oxygen to body tissues.It does this by linking with the blood.When the gas links with the blood, the blood is no longer able to carry oxygen to the tissues that need it.

Damage to the body can begin very quickly from large amounts of carbon monoxide. How quickly this happens depends on the length of time a person is breathing the gas and the amount of the gas he or she breathes in.

Carbon monoxide poisoning has warning signs. But people have to be awake to recognize them.Small amounts of the gas will cause a person's head to hurt. He or she may begin to feel tired.The person may feel sick.The room may appear to be turning around.The person may have trouble thinking clearly. People develop severe head pains as the amount of the gas continues to enter their blood.They will begin to feel very tired and sleepy.They may have terrible stomach pains.

Medical experts say carbon monoxide affects people differently.For example, a small child will experience health problems or die much quicker than an adult will.The general health of the person or his or her age can also be important.An older adult with health problems may suffer the effects of carbon monoxide more quickly than a younger person with no health problems.People with heart disease may suffer chest pains.They may begin to have trouble breathing.

1．Why is carbon monoxide called the silent killer?

A．Because it tastes and smells good.

B．Because it is not easily noticed.

C．Because it kills and injures people.

D．Because it always harms people.

2．How does carbon monoxide harm people?

A．It makes people's blood unable to move.

B．It decreases the amount of blood in the body.

C．It makes body tissues full of blood.

D．It makes the blood less able to carry oxygen.

3．When people breathe in small amounts of the gas, they may________.

A．feel a little dizzy

B．suffer a severe headache

C．go around in the room

D．have a terrible stomachache

4．Which of the following about carbon monoxide poisoning is true?

A. Adults are affected more seriously than children.

B．Young people are more severely affected than old people.

C．People in poor health may have severer consequences.

D．People with heart problems only suffer from chest pains.

5．The purpose of the passage is to________.

A．warn people not to burn fuels to keep warm in the winter

B．list the damage that carbon monoxide brings to people

C．give advice on how to avoid carbon monoxide poisoning

D．introduce some knowledge about carbon monoxide poisoning

Ⅴ.翻译句子

1．他停止了呼吸，我们必须对他进行急救。(first aid)

________________________________________________________________________ 2．我听说张明生病了。(fall ill)

________________________________________________________________________ 3．我们应该采取措施阻止河流被污染。(poison)

________________________________________________________________________ 4．他的左胳膊肿了。(swell)

________________________________________________________________________ 5．她喜欢每件东西各就各位。(in place)

________________________________________________________________________

附加题

【2014高考英语广东省中山市华侨中学三模试题】

基础写作（共1小题，满分15分）

请阅读下面有个龋齿的相关信息：

【参考词汇】

龋齿病tooth decay 纤维fiber

【写作内容】

1.龋齿的发病率；

2.诱发龋齿的原因；

3.预防措施。

【写作要求】

1.只能使用5个句子表达全部的内容；

2.将这5句话组成连贯的短文。

【评分标准】

句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章连贯。

【参考范文】基础写作：One possible version:

Statistics reveal that about 40% to 60% of the citizens in our country suffer from tooth decay while more children are stricken by such a disease with a ratio of 70%. Many factors are responsible for this disease, but food and dietary habits may be the most important factors. Therefore, we are supposed to balance our food, eating more

vegetables rich in fibers, fruit, milk and so on, instead of sugar. Next, brush teeth both in the morning and after meals, especially before going to bed. In addition, we should take regular medical tooth check so that we can cure the disease in time once we are found carrying bad teeth in our mouth.

参考答案

Ⅰ.1.temporary 2.barrier https://www.wendangku.net/doc/734776239.html,an 4.symptom

5．vital https://www.wendangku.net/doc/734776239.html,plex8.aid9.injury10.electric

Ⅱ.1.C leave out“遗漏；删去”；apply for“申请”；squeeze out“挤出；榨出”；sweep up“卷起”。句意：在我看来这柠檬干瘪瘪的，不过你也许能挤出几滴来。

2．B句意：长途旅行后，他又饿又累地回到家，然后病了。fall ill“生病”，强调动作，fall的过去式为fell；be ill“生病”，强调状态。

3．A句意：一些昆虫咬了她的脸，很快脸就肿了起来。injury为名词“伤”，不符合搭配；damage“损坏”；destroy“破坏”，不合句意。

4．C句意：她边喝咖啡边向我倾诉她的苦恼。pour out“倾诉”，符合句意。

5．B考查虚拟语气和aid的用法。句意：如果这个国家的每个人都懂得一些急救知识，那么在这次事故中的许多生命都会得到拯救。从句中所给的状语in the accident来判断，给出的假设为过去的情况，要表达与过去事实相反的假设，从句中动词应用过去完成式，主句中动词用过去将来完成式，因此可先排除C、D两项。另外，aid若用作可数名词，其意为“辅助性的工具”，显然与句意不符。

6．A句意：正如汽车的生产和使用越来越多一样，汽车的排气管的散发物内所含的有毒气体量也在增加。poisonous“有毒的”；various“各种各样的”；continuous“连续不断的”；delicious“可口的，美味的”。

7．D in place在适当的位置，适当，with＋宾语＋in place为with的复合结构。句意：一切就绪后，他开始放幻灯片。

8．D hurt疼痛；damage破坏；wound战争中受伤；injury受伤。句意：地震袭击了这

个国家的西南部，造成6人死亡，数百人受伤。

9．C句意：众所周知是爱迪生发明了电灯。electric表示“用电的”，常与电器名称连用。electrical电的；electronic电子的；electricity (n.)电。

10．A variety多样性；energy能量；reward报酬；benefit收益。句意：我不喜欢那个工作，因为它缺乏多样性。换言之，我总是在做同样的事情。

11．D考查形容词及主谓一致。形容词vital与essential都为“重要的”，注意冠词an；后面act做谓语不是非谓语，其主语为the skin，故谓语动词用acts。

12．B句意：我祖父喜欢谈论过去的美好时光，老人通常是这样的。as引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话的内容，as is often the case“这是常有的事”。

13．D句意：一辆小汽车对一家三口已足够了，除非你需要更多的空间放行李。once 一旦；because因为；in case以防，万一；unless除非。

14．D over and over again和time and again均匀一再，屡次；once again再次，再三；now and again时而；所以只有D与题意相符。

15．B if necessary为if it is necessary的省略形式，表示“如果有必要的话”。A项时态不对；D项主语不对；C项省略形式不对。

Ⅲ.1.C由第一句中“如果你见到有人溺水”可知此处应指“一旦你把他救出水面”，ground(大地)，room(房间)和forest(森林)均与文意不符。

2．B由第四句中的“...to get him breathing again”可知答案应用breathing。dying(垂死)，swimming(游泳)，crying(哭)均与下文内容不一致。

3．A destroy意为“破坏”；cover意为“覆盖”；think表示“思考，想”；move则表示“移动，感动”。由句意“在他的大脑完全遭到破坏之前有四分钟的时间”可知destroyed 是最佳答案。

4．D stop sb./sth.(from)doing sth.意思为“阻止某人/事物做某事”。keep sb./sth.from doing sth.也表示“阻止某人/事物做某事”，但from不能省略。此处应用stops表示“这会阻止舌头挡住呼吸道。”

5．A本句中work表示“起作用”。而matter表示“重要”；breathe表示“呼吸”；start 表示“开始”。

6．C要做人工呼吸，就必须用“手指”而不是用“脚”、“胳膊”或“脸”捏住溺水

者的鼻孔。

7．C做人工呼吸，应嘴对嘴吹气。不能选eyes，hand或tongue。

8．D由下一句中的fall可知此处应用rises，本句句意为“将气吹到他的肺里，直到他的胸部升起”。

9．D一直这样做直到救援到达。when表示“到……的时候”；after表示“在……之后”；as表示“当……的时候”。只有until表示“直到……”。

10．B bring...back to life为固定短语，意思为“使……复活”。由于本文讲如何对溺水的人进行急救，所以应用life表示“要想让孩子活过来”。

11．D blow into意思为“朝……里吹气”；touch表示“触摸”；press表示“压”；open 表示“张开”。根据下一句中的“Give the first four breaths”可知应用blow into。

12．B fill常和with连用，意思为“使……充满……”。而make“制作”、produce“生产”和watch“观看”都与句意不符，也不与介词with连用。

13．C in spite of意思为“尽管”；as a result of“作为……的结果”；because of“因为，由于”；think of“想到，想起”。由下面的“be starts turning a blue grey color”可知孩子的脸色越来越糟糕。因此用in spite of。

14．A feel意思为“感觉到”；get表示“得到”；watch表示“观看”；see表示“看见”。由空后的no pulse(脉搏)可知最佳答案为feel。

15．D本句的意思是“假如，尽管在你的努力之下，他的脸色还是开始变成青灰色，但是你仍然摸不到他的脉搏的话，按压(胸部)是挽救生命的最后机会”。由作者提出了种种做法可知，此处应用last表示“最后的机会”。

16．B or表示“否则”；but表转折，“但是”；so表示“因此”；since表示“自从”。此处应用or表示“不要太用力，否则你会把肋骨压断”。

17．A improve意思为“改善，改进”；change意思为“变化”，可能是向好的方面变化，也有可能向坏的方面变化。此处用improves与上文提到孩子的脸色越来越差相呼应。

18．C press意思为“按，压”；hit表示“打击”；touch表示“触摸”；move表示“移动”。由上一段最后一句中的pressing可得出答案。

19．B happen意思为“发生”。do通常为“做”；work意为“工作，奏效”；disappear 表示“消失”。本句意为“如果出现这样的情况，就不要再按压胸部了”。

20．D本句意为“否则，就要继续一直做到救援来到”。continue意思为“继续”。因为此句是祈使句，所以不能用pressing；keep作“继续”讲时，常与doing连用，不单独使用。

Ⅳ.【语篇解读】这是一篇科普文，向我们介绍了一氧化碳的特性，一氧化碳中毒的原理以及一氧化碳中毒的症状等。

1．B细节理解题。题干关键词为“the silent killer”。由文章第二段中的“The gas has no color.It has no taste.It has no smell.It does not cause burning eyes.And it does not cause people to cough.”可以看出，一氧化碳无色、无味、不刺激眼睛、也不会让人咳嗽，也就是说它不容易被人发觉。故选B。

2．D细节理解题。由第三段第一句“Carbon monoxide decreases th e ability of the blood to carry oxygen to body tissues.”可以看出，一氧化碳伤害人体的方式是：降低血液携带氧气的能力。

3．A细节理解题。倒数第二段向我们描述了人体吸入一氧化碳后的反应：吸入少量时，会头疼，感觉劳累，恶心，房子似乎开始转动，不能清晰地思考。A项所说的“feel a little dizzy”对应“The room may appear to be turning around.”。

4．C细节理解题。最后一段讲述了不同的人吸入一氧化碳后的不同反应，老人及身体健康状况欠佳的人所受的影响会更大。注意，D项干扰性最大，但是“suffer from chest pains”只是患有心脏方面疾病的人一氧化碳中毒后的症状之一，而不是唯一的症状，其症状还包括“terrible stomach pains”。

5．D写作目的题。从全文内容可知，文章向我们介绍了一氧化碳的特性，一氧化碳中毒的原理及中毒后人体的反应等，故D项是文章的写作目的。

Ⅴ.1.He has stopped breathing.We must give him first aid at once. 2.I heard that Zhang Ming fell ill.

3．We must take measures to stop the river from being poisoned. 4.His left arm is swollen.

5.She likes to have everything in place.

高一英语必修一知识点最新归纳5篇

高一英语必修一知识点最新归纳5篇高中阶段学习难度、强度、容量加大，学习负担及压力明显加重，不能再依赖初中时期老师“填鸭式”的授课，“看管式”的自习，“命令式”的作业，要逐步培养自己主动获取知识、高一英语必修一知识点总结1 各种时态的被动语态被动语态概述被动语态的概念：它是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的执行或被执行关系。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river. 被动语态的构成被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称、数、时态等的不同而变化。几种常见时态的被动语态形式如下：

1. 一般现在时am/is/are + 过去分词例如：Rice is planted in the south of China. 2. 一般过去时was/were + 过去分词例如：These trees were planted the year before last. 3. 一般将来时will/shall + be + 过去分词例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school. 4. 现在进行时am/is/are + being + 过去分词例如：Your radio is being repaired now. 5. 过去进行时was/were + being + 过去分词 When he got there, the problem was being discussed. 6. 现在完成时have/has + been + 过去分词 His work has been finished. Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t. 7. 过去完成时had + been + 过去分词注意： 1.除了be之外的其它系动词如get, stay等也可以和过去分词构成被动语态。例如：Their qu estions haven’t got answered.

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