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代词it--one--that和those用法说明[1]

代词it--one--that和those用法说明[1]
代词it--one--that和those用法说明[1]

代词it, one, that和those用法说明

为了避免重复出现前面已经出现的名词,常用it, one, that, those来替代。这几个替代词是高考中的一个常考点。现将各个替代词的用法归纳如下:

用法说明一:

it和that都替代“the+单数名词(可数或不可数)”,都是特指,都可替代可数和不可数名词,但it指前面提到的“同一”事物,而that是指前面提到的“同类”事物。如:My father bought me a pen and I like it very much.

我父亲给我买了一支钢笔,我非常喜欢它。(it替代the pen,指前面提到的父亲给我买的那支钢笔)

This dictionary is more useful than that (=the one)I bought yesterday.

这本词典比我昨天买的更有用。(that替代the dictionary,与前面的this dictionary是同类)

用法说明二:

one替代“a+单数可数名词”,表示泛指;其复数形式ones替代泛指的复数名词。特指的the one相当于that,替代“the+单数名词”;the one的复数形式the ones,替代“the+复数名词”,在口语中也常用those代替。当后面有of短语时,多用that或those;当有前置修饰语时,只能用one(s)。另外,one(s), the one(s), those都只能替代可数名词。如:

Radios are useful for me to learn English. I’d like to buy one

.收音机对我学英语很有用,我想买一台。(one替代a radio,是泛指收音机这类东西中的一台)

We still have shortcomings,and they are very big ones too.

我们还有缺点,而且是很大的缺点。(ones替代shortcomings)

We kept seats for those who might arrive late.

我们给可能来晚的人留了座位。(those=the ones替代the persons)

Waves of red light are about twice as long as those of blue light.

红色光线的波长约为蓝色波长的两倍。(those替代the waves)

The population of Scotland was eight times as large as that of Cornwall.

苏格兰的人口是康沃尔人口的八倍。(that替代不可数名词the population,不能用the one)

Correct the mistakes in the following sentences:

1. --- Do you haven’t an English-Chinese dictionary?

--- Yes, I have it.

2. The language used in advertisements differs from one used in ordinary

readings.

3. The colour of his jacket is better than mine.

4. --- Does she have a bike?

--- Yes, she has a one.

5. --- I saw only one motorcar in that shop. Will you go and buy one?

--- No, I would rather find it in other shops.

Keys: 1 it--- one 2 one --- that 3 mine--- that of mine

4 删a

5 one--- it

Multiple choice

1. --- There must be a dozen pens in the house but I can never find _______ when

I need ______.

--- Keep looking. ______ is sure to turn up.

A. one; one; One

B. it; one; It

C. one; it; This

D. a one; one; The one

2. --- Can I help you?

--- I’d like to buy a present for my father’s birthday, _______ at a proper price, but of great use.

A. that

B. one

C. any one

D. the one

3. Maybe it is true that we do not know what we have got until we lose ______ .

A. one

B. that

C. it

D. the one

4. The environment in this faraway town is as pleasant as ________ in the coastal

city.

A. one

B. it

C. them

D. that

5. The best job is _______ which uses your skill in doing something together with

your interest in the subject.

A. that

B. the one

C. one

D. it

6. --- What do you think of the furniture on exhibition?

--- W ell, great! But I don’t think much of ________ you bought.

A. the one

B. it

C. that

D. which

7. A cake made of wheat costs less than ________ made of rice.

A. one

B. that

C. a one

D. the one

8. As they are retired, they prefer to buy a house in the country to spend their late years to _____ in a large city.

A. one

B. that

C. the one

D. it

Keys: 1 --- 8 ABCDCCAA

it,one,ones,that,those的区别用法

为使表达简洁明了,我们常用it,one,ones,that,those 等替代词来替代前面

已经出现的名词。从近几年的高考英语情况来看,考查替代词的用法和区别一直是一

个热点。本文拟就以上几个最重要的替代词的用法作一小结,同时为同学们归纳一些

使用技巧,希望对大家有所帮助。

一、替代表泛指的单数名词

替代表泛指的单数名词,通常用one。如:

Two heads are better than one. 两人智慧胜一人。

I lost my old camera; this is a new one. 我的旧相机丢了,这是一架新的。

Did you get a ticket?—Yes,I managed to get one. 你搞到票了吗?——是的,我设法搞到了一张。

注:若one 前没有形容词的修饰,则其前不能有不定冠词。比较:

I’m looking for a flat. I’d like a small one with a garden. 我正在找一套公寓,想找一套小的带花园的。

I’m looking for a flat. I’d like one with a garden. 我正在找一套公寓,想找一套带花园的。(不能说:... a one with a garden.)

没有形容词修饰的one 前不能用不定冠词,但可用another。如:

This pen doesn’t work. I must buy another one. 这支钢笔坏了,我要另买一支了。

另外,注意它与表特指的it 的区别。如:

Can you lend me a pen?—Sorry. I haven’t got one. 你能借给我一支钢笔吗?——对不起,我没有钢笔。

Can I borrow your pen?—Sorry,I’m using it. 我能借用你的钢笔吗?——对不起,我自己正在用。

二、替代表特指的单数名词

替代表特指的单数名词,可用it,that,the one。三者的区别是:

1. 替代单数可数名词时,三者均可用;替代不可数名词时,不能用the one,而要用it 或that。此时it 与that 的区别是:表示同一事物时,用it;表示同类事物时,用that 或the one。如:

The weather here is too cold. I don’t like it. 这儿的天气太冷了,我不喜欢这儿的天气。(it 在此指前面提到的the weather)

The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Guangzhou. 北京的天气比广州冷。(that 在此指代的天气与前面提到的天气为同类)

My uncle bought me a dictionary and I like it very much. 我叔叔给我买了一本词典,我非常喜欢它。(it 在此就是指前面提到的叔叔给我买的词典)

Your dictionary is more useful than the one my uncle gave me. 你这本词典比我叔叔

叔给我的那本词典更有用。(the one 在此表示与前面提到的词典为同类)

2. 替代事物时,三者均可用;替代人时,只能用the one。如:

Who is her husband?—The one by the window. 哪位是她的丈夫?——窗户边的那一位。

注:当要替代性别不明的婴儿时可用it。

3. 当有前置定语修饰时,只能用the one。如:

Which do you want?—The red one. 你想要哪个?——那个红的。

She would rather have the small one than the large one. 她宁愿要小的,不要大的。

4. 当有后置定语修饰时,通常用the one。如:

My room is better than the one next door. 我的房间比隔壁房间好。

He said he would have the one near him. 他说要靠近他的那一个。

Is that the one that was published recently? 是最近出版的那一种吗?

Here are six rings. Pick out the one you like best. 这里有六枚戒指,选出你最喜欢的一枚。

但是,若后置定语为of 引起的介词短语,则通常用that。如:

The population of China is much larger than that of Japan. 中国人口比日本人口多得多。

A grandparent’s job is easier than that of a parent. 祖父母的任务比父母的任务要轻松一些。

三、替代表泛指的复数名词

替代表泛指的复数名词,通常用ones。如:

Hard beds are healthier than soft ones. 硬板床比软床有利于健康。

Green apples often taste better than red ones. 青苹果往往比红苹果好吃。

We can lend you plastic chairs or metal ones. 我们可以借给你塑料椅子或者金属椅子。

These chairs have the great advantage of being much cheaper than conventional ones. 这些椅子具有比普通椅子便宜得多的优势。

四、替代表特指的复数名词

替代表特指的复数名词,通常用the ones。如:

I’d like to try on those shoes. The ones at the front of the window. 我想试试那双鞋子。橱窗里前边的那一双。

Are they the ones who moved here recently? 是最近搬到这儿来的那些人吗?

Don’t buy the expensive apples; get the cheaper ones. 别买那价钱贵的苹果,买那便宜的。

注:在口语中,也可用those 来替代表特指的复数名词,尤其是当其后有of 引导的介词短语或who 引导的定语从句修饰时。如:

Waves of red light are about twice as long as those of blue light. 红色光线的波长约为蓝色光线波长的两倍。

Those of you who wish to go on the trip may sign up here. 你们中间想参加这次游览的人可以在这里签名。

His ideas are little different from those of his friends. 他的想法和他朋友的想法没什么两样。

Students who do well in examinations are those [the ones]who ask questions in class. 考试成绩好的都是上课爱提问的学生。

五、几点重要的补充说明

1. 当替代词one / ones 紧跟在形容词最高级、序数词以及this,that,these,those,which,either,neither,another 等限定词之后时,通常可以省略。如:

I think my dog’s the fastest (one). 我想我的狗是跑得最快的(一只)。

Either (one)will suit me. (这两个当中)哪一个对我都合适。

Let’s have another (one). 咱们再来一个吧。

She looked at each(one)carefully before she chose. 她仔细地看了看每一个,然后才挑选。

Which (one)would you like?—That (one)looks the nicest. 您要哪一个?——看起来那个最好。

2. 复数形式的ones 之前一般不直接用名词所有格、物主代词、数词以及some,any,both,several,dozen,own 等词修饰。如:

Have you got any drawing-pins? Can I borrow some please? 你有图钉吗?我能借一些吗? (不能说:... some ones ...)

Do you have any new diaries?—We don’t have any at the moment. 你有没有新的日记本?——我们眼下一本也没有了。(不能说:... any ones ...)

Do question 1 or question 2,but not both. 第1题和第2题选做一道,但不要两道都做。(不能说:... both ones.)

He has three dictionaries and I have only two. 他有三本词典,但我只有两本。(不能说:... two ones.)

注:如果ones 前有描绘性形容词修饰,则可以使用上述词语。如:

误:her ones / some ones / any ones / five ones / your own ones

正:her red ones / some new ones / any old ones / five bad ones / your own nice ones 在美国英语中,ones 不能紧跟在these 和those 之后。但是在英国英语中可以这样用(也不常见)。

3. 当一个名词受另一个名词修饰时,通常不宜用one(s)来替代。如:

Do you need coffee cups or tea cups? 你们需要咖啡杯还是要茶杯? (不能说:... or tea ones? )

但若一个名词受表材料的名词修饰,可用one(s)替代。如:

We can lend you plastic chairs or metal ones. 我们可以借给你塑料椅子或者金属椅子。

不定代词用法总结

不定代词总结 一、不定代词 some 与 any 的用法区别 一般说来,不定代词some 用于肯定句中,any 用于否定句和疑问句中。但是,在表示请求、邀请或征求意见的句子中,通常要用 some 而不用any: Would you like some cake 吃点蛋糕吗 Why not buy some bread 为什么不买些面包呢 Shall I get some chalk for you 要我帮你拿些粉笔来吗 【说明】不定代词any 有时也用于肯定句中,此时表示“任何”: Any colour will do. 任何颜色都行。Come any day you like. 随便哪天来都可以。 二、不定代词 many 与 much 的用法以及区别 不定代词many 和 much 都表示“许多”,但 many 修饰或代替可数名词(复数),与 few(少数)相对;而 much 用来修饰或代替不可数名词(单数),与little(少量)相对。在口语中两者主要用于非肯定句中: Did you see many people there 你在那儿看见许多人了吗 We don’t have much time. 我们没有许多时间。 Much work has been done. 许多工作都已经做了。 You’ve given me too much. 你已给我太多了。 Take as many (much) as you want. 你要多少拿多少。 I asked her a great many questions. 我问了她许多问题。 辨析:too much;much too; too many 1、too much常用作副词或代词,也可以用作形容词修饰不可数名词.如: Is watching TV too much good or bad for your health电视看得太多对你的健康有益还是有害 You've given me too much.你给我的太多了. We've had too much rain lately.最近我们这里的雨下得太多了. 2、much too常作副词,后接副词或形容词.如: He drove much too fast.他开车开得太快了. It is much too cold.天实在太冷了. 3、too many常用作形容词,修饰可数名词复数.如:

英语代词地用法全归纳

英语词类 英语中的词可以根据词义、语法功能和形式特征分为十大类,即名词(noun)、代词(pronoun)、形容词(adjective)、副词(adverb)、动词(verb)、数词(numeral)、冠词(article)、介词(preposition)、连词(conjunctions)和感叹词(int erjection)。 英语代词的用法全归纳 一、定义与分类 代词是代替名词及起名词作用的短语或句子的词。代词根据其意思和用法可分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、相互代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词九类。综观历年高考情况,在这九类代词中,不定代词一直是高考英语的重点。 二:人称代词,物主代词,反身代词用法概述 这三种代词都有人称(第一、二、三人称)的变化、数(单、复数)的变化,性(阴性、阳性、中性)以及格(主格、宾格)的变化。 物主代词又包括两种形式:形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。特别注意:形容词性物主代词its没有相应的名词性物主代词。 这三种代词的形式变化表如下:

三、人称代词的用法 1) 定义:人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称(第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称)、数(单数、复数)以及性(阴性、阳性、中性)三方面与被指代的名词一致。 如:I am a student. Tom is a boy, and he is a student. Mary is very pretty, and she likes singing. The boys are students, and they are in the room. The doy is small. It is Tom's. 2)人称代词的句法功能 A) 人称代词有主格和宾语之分:主格用作主语,宾格用作宾语。 B) 人称代词的主格形式在在句中作主语和表语。 如: I like music(主语). She is a teacher.(主语)

(完整版)不定代词用法讲解

不定代词讲解~详细 一、不定代词some 与any 的用法区别 一般说来,不定代词some 用于肯定句中,any 用于否定句和疑问句中。但是,在表示请求、邀请或征求意见的句子中,通常要用some 而不用any: Would you like some cake? 吃点蛋糕吗? Why not buy some bread? 为什么不买些面包呢? Shall I get some chalk for you? 要我帮你拿些粉笔来吗? 【说明】不定代词any 有时也用于肯定句中,此时表示“任何”: Any colour will do. 任何颜色都行。Come any day you like. 随便哪天来都可以。 二、不定代词many 与much 的用法以及区别 不定代词many 和much 都表示“许多”,但many 修饰或代替可数名词(复数),与few(少数)相对;而much 用来修饰或代替不可数名词(单数),与little(少量)相对。在口语中两者主要用于非肯定句中: Did you see many people there? 你在那儿看见许多人了吗? We don’t have much time. 我们没有许多时间。 Much work has been done. 许多工作都已经做了。 You’ve given me too much. 你已给我太多了。 Take as many (much) as you want. 你要多少拿多少。 I asked her a great many questions. 我问了她许多问题。 辨析:too much;much too;too many 1、too much常用作副词或代词,也可以用作形容词修饰不可数名词.如: Is watching TV too much good or bad for your health?电视看得太多对你的健康有益还是有害? You've given me too much.你给我的太多了. We've had too much rain lately.最近我们这里的雨下得太多了. 2、much too常作副词,后接副词或形容词.如: He drove much too fast.他开车开得太快了. It is much too cold.天实在太冷了. 3、too many常用作形容词,修饰可数名词复数.如: They built too many buildings last year.去年他们建了许多楼房. 三、either、neither的用法以及区别 1、用作副词。either也(不),用于否定句中。 如:I don’t like fishing, David doesn’t like fishing, either.我不喜欢钓鱼,大卫也不喜欢。 neither也不;用于肯定句,表示否定含义。如:He can’t swim, and neither / nor can I. 他不会游泳,我也不会。 2、用作代词。范围多限定于两者之间,常用作主语。either of 和neither of +名词/代词的复数,作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 either表示“二者之一”;neither 表示“两者都不”,其反义词是both。 如:Either of the knives is useful.两把刀都有用。 Neither of them was in good health, but both worked very hard.他们两人身体都不好,但都努力地工作。 3、用作连词:either…or…不是……就是……neither…nor…既不……也不……常用来连接两个并列成分,如并列主语、并列谓语等。谓语动词保持就近原则,与离它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。 但应注意以下几点: 1.无论either…or…还是neither…nor…,若连接两个单数数名词/代词作主语,后面动词用单数。 Either Mary or Lucy is coming.不是玛丽来,就是露西来。 2.若连接两个复数名词/代词作主语,后面动词用复数。Neither my parents nor my grandparents are coming. 我的父母不来,我的爷爷奶奶也不来。 3.如果一个单数名词/代词和一个复数名词/代词一起作主语时,动词的单复数形式必须和最靠近的一个主语保持一致。(就近原则)

不定代词用法归纳

不定代词用法归纳(详细讲解) ■本站特约作者陈根花 一、不定代词概说 英语的不定代词有 all, each, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some, any, no, (a) few, (a) little, both, enough, every 等,以及由 some, any, no 和 every 构成的合成代词(即somebody, anyone, nothing 等)。在这些不定代词中,多数都能作主语、宾语、表语或定语,但是代词 none 以及由 some, any, no 和 every 构成的合成代词只能作主语、宾语或表语,不能作定语,而 no 和 every 则只用作定语。 二、指两者和三者的不定代词 有些不定代词用于指两者(如both, either, neither),有的不定代词用于指三者(如all, any, none, every),注意不要弄混: Both of my parents are doctors. 我的父母都是医生。 All of the students are interested in it. 所有的学生对此都很感兴趣。 There are trees on any side of the square. 广场的每一边都种有树。 He has two sons, neither of whom is rich. 他有两个儿子,都不富有。 He has three sons, none of whom is rich. 他有三个儿子,都不富有。 【说明】each 可用于两者、三者或三者以上,而 every 只用于三者或三者以上,因此用于两者时只能用 each,不能用 every。如不能说 There are trees on every side of the road. 三、复合不定代词的用法特点 复合不定代词包括 something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等。它们在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语,但不能用作定语。something, someone 等和 anything, anyone等的区别与 some 和 any 的区别一样,前者一般用于肯定句,后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句(参见 any & some)。具体使用时应注意以下几点: 1.复合不定代词受定语修饰时,定语应放在它们后面: There is nothing wrong with the radio. 这收音机没有毛病。 Have you seen anyone [anybody] famous? 你见过名人吗? 2.指人的复合不定代词若用作主语,其谓语动词一般用单数,相应的人称代词和物主代词也用单数 he, him, his (不一定指男性)。但在非正式文体中常用复数代词 they, them, their:Everyone knows this, doesn’t he [don’t they]?人人都知道这一点,不是吗? If anybody [anyone] comes, ask him [them] to wait. 要是有人来,让他等着。 3.指事物的复合不定代词若用作主语,谓语动词只能用单数,相应的人称代词也只能用 it,而不用 they:

不定代词的用法

不定代词用法归纳 一、不定代词概说 英语的不定代词有all, each, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some, a ny, no, (a) few, (a) little, both, enough, every 等,以及由some, any, no 和every 构成的合成代词(即somebody, anyone, nothing 等)。在这些不定代词中,多数都能作主语、宾语、表语或定语,但是代词none 以及由some, an y, no 和every 构成的合成代词只能作主语、宾语或表语,不能作定语,而no 和every 则只用作定语。 二、指两者和三者的不定代词 有些不定代词用于指两者(如both, either, neither),有的不定代词用于指三者(如all, any, none, every),注意不要弄混: Both of my parents are doctors. 我的父母都是医生。 All of the students are interested in it. 所有的学生对此都很感兴趣。 There are trees on any side of the square. 广场的每一边都种有树。 He has two sons, neither of whom is rich. 他有两个儿子,都不富有。 He has three sons, none of whom is rich. 他有三个儿子,都不富有。 【说明】each 可用于两者、三者或三者以上,而every 只用于三者或三者以上,因此用于两者时只能用eac h,不能用every。如不能说There are trees on every side of the road. 三、复合不定代词的用法特点 复合不定代词包括something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, ever ything, everybody, everyone 等。它们在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语,但不能用作定语。something, someone 等和anything, anyone等的区别与some 和any 的区别一样,前者一般用于肯定句,后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句(参见any & some)。具体使用时应注意以下几点: 1.复合不定代词受定语修饰时,定语应放在它们后面: There is nothing wrong with the radio. 这收音机没有毛病。 Have you seen anyone [anybody] famous? 你见过名人吗? 2.指人的复合不定代词若用作主语,其谓语动词一般用单数,相应的人称代词和物主代词也用单数he, him, his (不一定指男性)。但在非正式文体中常用复数代词they, them, their: Everyone knows this, doesn’t he [don’t they]? 人人都知道这一点,不是吗? If anybody [anyone] comes, ask him [them] to wait. 要是有人来,让他等着。 3.指事物的复合不定代词若用作主语,谓语动词只能用单数,相应的人称代词也只能用it,而不用they: Everything is ready, isn’t it? 一切都准备好了,是吗? 4.anyone, everyone 等只能指人,不能指物,且其后一般不接of 短语。若是指物或后接of 短语,可用any one, every one (分开写): any one of the boys (books) 孩子们(书)当中的任何一个(本) every one of the students (schools) 每一个学生(一所学校) 四、是any not 还是not any 按英语习惯,any 以及含有any的复合不定代词用于否定句时,它只能出现在否定词之后,而不能在否定词之前: 误:Any one doesn’t know how to do it. 正:No one knows how to do it. 任何人都不知道如何做它。 误:Anybody [Anyone] cannot do it.

代词及用法

代词可分为八大类:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词、和连接代词八种。 考点一:人称代词、物主代词和反身代词: 人称代词主格 I you he she it we they you 宾格me you him her it us them you 物主代词 形容 词性my your his her its our their your 名词性 mine yours his hers its ours theirs yours 反 身 代 词 myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves themselves yourselves 1.人称代词有人称、数和格的变化。其变化形式如下: 人称单数复数 主格宾格主格宾格 第一人称I me we us 第二人称you you you you 第三人称he him them she her it it 主格用来做主语,宾格用来作宾语或表语。 注意:两个以上的人称代词作主语时,排列顺序为:单数二三一,复数一二三。即:you,he and I; we,you and they.

2、表示所有关系的代词叫作物主代词。物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词相当于一个形容词,在句中只能作定语;名词性物主代词相当于一个名词,在句中可作表语、主语和宾语。 物主代词 形容 词性my your his her its our their your 名词性mine yours his hers its ours theirs yours 用法口诀:有名则形,无名则名。(即:有名词时则用形容词性词性物主代词; 没有名词时则用名词性词性物主代词。) 3、反身代词是表示“××自己”的代词。其形式有: 人称单数复数 第一人称myself我自己ourselves我们自己 第二人称yourself你自己yourselves你们自己 第三人称 himself他自己, herself她自己, itself它自己 themselves他(她,它) 们自己 反身代词在句中可以做同位语,也可以做动词或介词的宾语。 Two days later, he himself had to go to Paris. (主语同位语) You’d better ask the guide herself. (宾语同位语) I hope he didn’t hurt himself. (动词宾语) I’m not worried about myself. (介词宾语) 含有反身代词的常用短语: enjoy oneself 过得愉快teach oneself 自学 dress oneself 自己穿衣服come to oneself 苏醒过来

英语人称代词、物主代词用法口诀

英语人称代词、物主代词用法口诀! 代词是代替名词及起名词作用的短语或句子的词。代词根据其意思和用法可分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、相互代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词等八类。下面来了解这几类代词的用法,具体内容如下: 一、人称代词的用法 人称代词有主格和宾语之分:主格用作主语,宾语用作宾语。但在口语中,当人称代词用作表语,用于than, as 之后或用于强调句中被强调时,用主格(较正式)和宾格(较口语化)均可以。如:“Who is it?” “It’s me.” “是谁呀?”“是我。”注:单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格,即使它代表主语时也是如此。详见下表: 英语人称代词用法口诀: 人称代词主宾格, 作用不同莫用错。 主格动词前做主, 动词介词后宾格。 You和it主宾同, 其他主宾须分清。 人称代词并列现, 尊重他人礼当先。 单数人称二三一, 复数人称一二三。

若把错误责任担, 第一人称我靠前。 二、物主代词的用法 物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词在句中只用作定语;名词性物主代词则不能用作定语,但可以用作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语等。如:Here is my dog. Its name is Tom. 这是我的狗,它的名字叫汤姆。注:可以说a friend of mine (ours, yours, hers, his, theirs),但是不能说a friend of me (us, you, her, him, them)。 英语物主代词用法口诀: 物主代词分两种,形容词性名词性。形容词性能力差,自己不能来当家。句子当中作定语,身后定把名词加。物主代词名词性,相当名词可单用。句中充当主宾表,身后没有名词影。两种代词形不同,添个s 形变名。his,its不用变,my变mine要记清。 三、反身代词的用法 反身代词可用作宾语、同位语、表语等。用作同位语时,主要用于加强被修饰词的语气,可紧放在被修饰名词后或句末。如:She is too young to look after herself. 她太小,

不定代词用法总结

不定代词用法总结-标准化文件发布号:(9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII

不定代词用法总结 1) some, any, no的用法 a. some和any通常用于表示不定数或不定量,修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词。some表示“几个;一些;部 分”,多用于肯定句;而any表示“一些;什么;任何;”,对用于否定句或疑问句中。如: * He asked me some questions. (他问了我几个问题。) * Some of the bread has been eaten. (面包已吃了一些。) * Are there any stamps in this post office (这个邮局里有邮票吗?) * I didn’t have any cigarettes, so I went out to buy some. (我没有香烟了,所以出去买了一些。) b. 刚才我们说some一般用于肯定句而any一般用于否定句和疑问句。但有时也有例外。这要根据句子意思来 看。 * I could not answer some of his questions. (我不能回答他的某些问题。) (some用在否定句中表示“一些;部分”。如果说成:I could not answer any of his questions.意思就变了,它表示“我不能回答他的任何问题。”) * Will you get me some apples on your way back (你回来的路上能给我带一些苹果吗?) (some用在疑问句中大多表示“请求” 或“建议”) * Let me know if you hear any news. (如果你有任何消息请告诉我。) (any用在条件从句中表示“任何”) * “What would you like to drink” “Any will do.” (“你想喝什么?”“哪种都行。”) (any在这里表示“任何”) c. no在句子中作定语,表示否定,意思是“没有;不是”,它可以修饰可数名词的单数和复数形式或不可数名 词。 * There are no letters for you today. (今天没有你的信。) * I have no money at the moment. Could you lend me some (我现在没有钱。你能借我一些吗?) 2) 复合不定代词的用法 a. 不定代词some, any, no与-one, -body, -thing可以组成九个复合代词。它们是: someone anyone no one somebody anybody nobody something anything nothing 这些复合不定代词只有名词的性质,可以作主语、宾语等。 b. 因为some一般用于肯定句,any一般用于否定句或疑问句,no表示完全否定,因此由some, any, no与-one, - body组成的复合代词的用法也一样。 c. 第二部分为-one和-body的复合代词只用于表示人,它们的形式是单数形式,但有时可以用they或them指 代。 * There is someone in your office. Can you hear them talking (你办公室里有人。你听见他们说话了吗?) d. 第二部分为-thing的复合代词只能用于指物。如: * There was something wrong with the car so he had to stopped it. * He looked at me and didn’t say anything. * Nothing can be done to save her life. e. 这些复合不定代词如果有其它的形容词修饰,形容词必须后置。如: * Somebody important has arrived, I’m sure. (important修饰somebody) 3) one和none的用法 不定代词one指代可数名词的单数,即指人,也指物。它的复数形式是ones。在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语等。 * He is not the one who is easily cheated. (one指人) * I’ve made some cakes. Would you like one of them (one指物) * I prefer red roses to white ones. (ones指物) * Are they the ones who moved here a few days ago (ones指人) 4) all, every, each, other, another, either, neither, both a. every只有形容词的性质,在句中作定语。常用于修饰单数的可数名词。表示“每个;各个”,还可以表示“一 切”。 * After the strong wind every flower in the garden was gone. every还可以和-one, -thing, -body构成复合不定代词,即:everyone, everything, everybody。其中,everyone和everybody用于指人,意思一样,都是“每人;大家”,形式上表示单数意思上可以表示单数也可以表示复数。everything用于指物,意思是“每件事;一切”,形式上表示单数意思上可以表示单数也可以表示复数。如:* One can’t have everything. * Everything goes well with me. * The town is so small that everybody knows everybody else. 注意:在使用everyone时要注意和every one相区别。everyone是一个不定代词而every on是一个词组,前者只能指人而后者既可以指人也可以指物。请注意下列例句: * Everyone will be here except Patrick. (everyone 指人) * Every one of the children will get a gift. (every one也指人) *We played several matches against the visitors, but unluckily lost every one. (every one指物)

初中英语-不定代词用法详解(最新整理)

不定代词用法详解 不定代词,不明确指代某个特定的人或事物的代词叫不定代词。不定代词可以代替名次和形容词,表示不同的数量概念。不定代词没有主格和宾格之分,在句中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 英语中的不定代词常常成对出现,如some 和any, all 和both, neither 和either, each 和every, other 和another, much 和many, one 和no, none 和no one, few 和a few,little 和a little,等等。另外,还有由some, any, every, no 与body, one, thing 构成的复合不定代词(somebody, anybody, everybody, nobody, someone, anyone, everyone, no one, something, anything, everything, nothing)。 1.some 和any some 和any 都可修饰或指代可数名词和不可数名词;some 一般用于肯定句,any 一般用于疑问句和否定句。如: I must get some fruit in the market. 我得在市场上买点水果。 Do you have any books for children? 你有适合小孩子看的书吗? 【说明】(1) 当表示请求或要求并希望对方能给出肯定的回答时,some 也可用于疑问句;any 表示“任何的”之意时,也可用于肯定句。 Can you give me some paper? 你能给我些纸吗? Why not send that girl some flowers? 为什么不送给那位女孩几束花呢? You can read any of the books. 你可以看这些书中的任何一本。 (2) some 和any 均不能跟冠词连用。 2.all 和both (1)all 表示全部,表示三者或三者以上的人或物;both 指代两个人或事物,表示两者都。 Copper and silver are both metals. 铜和银都是金属。 Both sides are keen to reach an agreement. 双方都很想达成协议。 She and her husband both like dancing. 她和丈夫都喜欢跳舞。 There are trees on both sides of the street. 街道两旁都有树。 Not all women like the word Ms. 并非所有的女性都喜欢Ms 这个词。

英语语法:代词的用法

英语语法:代词的用法 代词是代替名词的词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、自身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。下面就来跟着小编一起学习英语语法:代词的用法吧。 英语语法:代词的用法 一、人称代词是表示我、你、他、她、它、我们、你们、他们的词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化,见下表: 数 单数 复数 格 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us

第二人称 you you you you 第三人称 he him they them she her they them it it they them 例如:Heis my friend. 他是我的朋友。 Its me. 是我。 二、物主代词是表示所有关系的代词,也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种,其人物和数的变

化见下表。 数 单数 复数 人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 形容词性物主代词my your his/her/its our your their 名词性物主代词mine yours his/hers/its

ours yours theirs 例如:I like his car. 我喜欢他的小汽车。 Our school is here,and theirs is there. 我们的学校在这儿,他们的在那儿。 三、指示代词表示那个、这个、这些、那些等指示概念的代词。指示代词有this,that,these,those等。例如: That is a good idea. 那是个好主意。 四、表示我自己、你自己、他自己、我们自己、你们自己和他们自己等的代词,叫做自身代词,也称为反身代词。 例如:She was talking to herself. 她自言自语。 五、表示相互关系的代词叫相互代词,有each other 和one another两组,但在运用中,这两组词没什么大的区别。(有语法专家认为each other 指两者,one another表示三者及以上的彼此。) 例如:They love each other. 他们彼此相爱。 六、不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。常见的不定代词有a11,both,each,every等,以及含有some-,any-,no-等的合成代词,如anybody,something,no one。这些不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词,在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,但none和由some,any,no等构成的复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语或表语;every和no只能作定语。例如:

不定代词用法一览表

不定代词用法一览表 例词含义作用例句 both 后接复数名词表示 两个 人或 事物 主语Both are teachers. 两个都是教师。 宾语 The teacher wanted both of us to go.老师要我们两个 人都去。 定语Both questions are easy.两个问题都很容易。 同位语They both did it well.他们两个人都干得不错。 注: 1. both与定冠词、指示代词、物主代词连用时,应放在这些词的前面。 2. both在否定句中用作主语时,表示部分否定。如: Both of you won’t go. 你们两个不需要都走。 neithe r 后接单数名词(与both 反义) 表示 两个 人或 事物 都不 主语Neither is mine.两个都不是我的。 宾语I want neither of the books.那两本书我都不要。 定语Neither sentence is correct.两个句子都不对。 注: Neither在句子中作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。Neither在 句子中作主语时表示全部否定。如: Neither of you is Japanese.你们两个都不是日本人。 You can’t eat either of them=You can eat neither of them. either 后接单数名词两个 人或 物中 任一 个 主语Either will be all right.两个中哪一个都行。 宾语 He looked at the two pens, but didn’t buy either(=bought neither).他看了两支笔,但一支也没有 买。 定语 You may take either book (=take one of the two books). =You can’t take both of the two books. 两本书你可以任选一本。 all 最少 表示 三个 以上 (肯 定) 主语All of them are workers.他们都是工人。 宾语 The teacher asked us all about the matter. 老师问了我们所有的事。 表语That’s all for today.今天就到这。 定语All men are mortal.人总是要死的。 状语He was all covered with mud.他浑身是泥。 同位语They all came here.他们都到了。 注: 1. all与定冠词、指示代词、物主代词连用时要放在它们的前面。 如: Do you see all the birds in the tree?你看到树上所有 的鸟吗? 2. all用作状语时,应放在实义动词之前,助动词之后。 如:The books were all sold out.所有的书都卖完了。 3. not与all连用时表示部分否定。 none (与最少 表示 三个 主语 None of them have come back yet.他们一个都还没有回 来。 宾语She chose none but the best.她只挑了最好的东西。

(完整版)不定代词用法总结

不定代词总结 一、不定代词some 与any 的用法区别 一般说来,不定代词some 用于肯定句中,any 用于否定句和疑问句中。但是,在表示请求、邀请或征求意见的句子中,通常要用some 而不用any: Would you like some cake? 吃点蛋糕吗? Why not buy some bread? 为什么不买些面包呢? Shall I get some chalk for you? 要我帮你拿些粉笔来吗? 【说明】不定代词any 有时也用于肯定句中,此时表示“任何”: Any colour will do. 任何颜色都行。Come any day you like. 随便哪天来都可以。 二、不定代词many 与much 的用法以及区别 不定代词many 和much 都表示“许多”,但many 修饰或代替可数名词(复数),与few(少数)相对;而much 用来修饰或代替不可数名词(单数),与little(少量)相对。在口语中两者主要用于非肯定句中: Did you see many people there? 你在那儿看见许多人了吗? We don’t have much time. 我们没有许多时间。 Much work has been done. 许多工作都已经做了。 You’ve given me too much. 你已给我太多了。 Take as many (much) as you want. 你要多少拿多少。 I asked her a great many questions. 我问了她许多问题。 辨析:too much;much too;too many 1、too much常用作副词或代词,也可以用作形容词修饰不可数名词.如: Is watching TV too much good or bad for your health?电视看得太多对你的健康有益还是有害? You've given me too much.你给我的太多了. We've had too much rain lately.最近我们这里的雨下得太多了. 2、much too常作副词,后接副词或形容词.如: He drove much too fast.他开车开得太快了. It is much too cold.天实在太冷了. 3、too many常用作形容词,修饰可数名词复数.如: They built too many buildings last year.去年他们建了许多楼房. 三、either、neither的用法以及区别 1、用作副词。either也(不),用于否定句中。 如:I don’t like fishing, David doesn’t like fishing, either.我不喜欢钓鱼,大卫也不喜欢。 neither也不;用于肯定句,表示否定含义。如:He can’t swim, and neither / nor can I. 他不会游泳,我也不会。 2、用作代词。范围多限定于两者之间,常用作主语。either of 和neither of +名词/代词的复数,作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 either表示“二者之一”;neither 表示“两者都不”,其反义词是both。 如:Either of the knives is useful.两把刀都有用。 Neither of them was in good health, but both worked very hard.他们两人身体都不好,但都努力地工作。 3、用作连词:either…or…不是……就是……neither…nor…既不……也不……常用来连接两个并列成分,如并列主语、并列谓语等。谓语动词保持就近原则,与离它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。 但应注意以下几点: 1.无论either…or…还是neither…nor…,若连接两个单数数名词/代词作主语,后面动词用单数。 Either Mary or Lucy is coming.不是玛丽来,就是露西来。 2.若连接两个复数名词/代词作主语,后面动词用复数。Neither my parents nor my grandparents are coming. 我的父母不来,我的爷爷奶奶也不来。 3.如果一个单数名词/代词和一个复数名词/代词一起作主语时,动词的单复数形式必须和最靠近的一个主语保持一致。(就近原则)

英语物主代词用法口诀

英语物主代词用法口诀 张志华 物主代词分两种,形容词性名词性。 形容词性能力差,自己不能来当家。 句子当中作定语,身后定把名词加。 物主代词名词性,相当名词可单用。 句中充当主宾表,身后没有名词影。 两种代词形不同,添个s 形变名。 his,its不用变,my变mine要记清。 说明:英语物主代词是表示所有关系的代词。物主代词可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。详见下表:

形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用,在句中只能作定语,后面一定要跟一个名词;名词性物主代词相当于一个名词,不能用在名词之前,可单独使用,在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等。如: These are our books. Her parents are doctors. This is my pen. Yours is on the desk. The bike is his. It’s not mine. 七年级英语重要语法项目专项练习人称代词和物主代词练习 一、用适当的人称代词填空: 1. __________ is my aunt. We often visit __________. 2. China is a developing country. _________ lies in the east of Asia. 3. Professor Wang sets ________ a good example. We must learn from ________. 4. What day is __________ today? — __________ is Thursday. 5. How far is the thunder ? — __________ is three kilometers away. 6. I own a blue bike. The red one doesn’t belong to __________. 7. These new houses are so nice. __________ are very expensive. 8. __________ say that those old houses will be rebuilt. 9. Is __________ the milkman at the door? — Yes, that’s __________. 10. The fishermen caught a lot of fish, didn’t __________? 11. Ling Ling is a girl. ____ studies in a primary school. Her brother lives with ____ and helps ____ to prepare the lessons. 12. The ship is lying at anchor (停泊) . ____ comes from Shanghai. 13. This photo of your mother is very much like her. I like ____. 14. Mike is my classmate. ____ is good at physics . 15. Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to ____ ?

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