川大2014《房屋建筑学》第二次作业答案
川大2014《房屋建筑学》第二次作业答案
一、单项选择题。本大题共15个小题，每小题 3.0 分，共45.0分。在每小题给出的选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.屋顶结构层水平搁置，再在上面采用价廉质轻的材料来垫置屋面排水坡度，这种
形成坡度的形式称为：
( A)
A.材料找坡
B.结构找坡
C.放置找坡
D.搁置找坡
2.一般情况下，下列建筑类型中，（）采用套间式组合。
( B )
A.学校
B.火车站
C.体育馆
D.旅馆
3.房间里光线的照射深度，主要靠（）来解决。
( B )
A.侧窗的宽度
B.侧窗的高度
C.侧窗的水平位置
D.侧窗的数量
4.下面不属于现浇钢筋混凝土楼板优点的是：
( B )
A.施工速度快
B.整体性好
C.可塑性强
D.对起重设备要求不高
5.属于冷色的有：
( D )
A.粉红
B.米黄
C.桃红
D.青紫
6.当基础埋深较大, 并设有地下室时, 往往将基础做成（）,它具有较大的刚度
和强度,多用于高层建筑。
( C )
A.刚性基础
B.独立基础
C.箱形基础
D.桩基础
7.有一居住建筑群，属12层的电梯公寓，那么建筑物采光面之间的间距不小于：
( B )
A.20米
B.30米
C.40米
D.50米
8.民用建筑走廊的最小净宽应为：
( B )
A.900mm
B.1000mm
C.1100mm
D.1200mm
9.在装配式钢筋混凝土梁承式楼梯中，预制踏步主要支承在（）上。
( D )
A.平台板
B.梯段板
C.楼梯斜梁
D.平台梁
10.目前，我国大跨度、大空间建筑主要采用：
( D )
A.木结构
B.钢筋混凝土结构
C.砖结构
D.钢结构
11.地面装修选择铺设地毯具有（）作用。
( C )
A.耐磨
B.易清洗
C.隔声
D.美观
12.当板缝缝隙小于60mm时，处理方法为：
( A )
A.调整预制板的规格
B.现浇钢筋混凝土的板带
C.加配通长钢筋灌缝
D.调节板缝，再灌浆
13.建筑立面中的“虚”指的是：
( C )
A.墙面
B.阳台
C.玻璃
D.柱面
14.当建筑物上部是砖墙承重时，下面常用：
( B )
A.条形基础
B.独立基础
C.筏形基础
D.箱形基础
15.楼梯平台下通行的净高不应小于：
( C )
A.1800mm
B.1900mm
C.2000mm
D.2100mm
二、多项选择题。本大题共10个小题，每小题 4.0 分，共40.0分。在每小题给出的选项中，有一项或多项是符合题目要求的。
1.防止刚性防水屋面变形的处理方法有：
( ABC )
A.设置分仓缝
B.在防水层与结构层间设置隔离层
C.配置钢筋
D.铺设卷材贴面
2.提高围护结构热阻的措施有：
( ACD )
A.选择比重大的保温材料
B.选择比重小的保温材料
C.在双层围护结构中夹保温材料或空气间层
D.增加围护结构的厚度
3.现浇钢筋混凝土楼板的优点：
( AB )
A.施工速度快
B.整体性好
C.节约材料
D.立面装饰
4.墙面装修的做法可以是：
( BCD )
A.抹灰类
B.涂料类
C.粘贴类
D.镶铺类
5.在设防烈度为8度以上地区，对多层砌体房屋，下列哪些情况下应设置防震缝？
( BCD )
A.建筑物体型比较复杂、连接部位又比较薄弱时
B.建筑立面高差在6米以上
C.建筑物有错层且错层楼板高差较大
D.建筑物相邻各部分结构刚度、质量截然不同
6.建筑物室内外地面高差的决定因素有：
( BC )
A.防水防潮
B.地形及环境条件
C.地基承载能力和建筑自重
D.建筑层高
7.以下（）模数可适用于中、小型建筑物的开间、进深和层高的尺寸。
( BC )
A.1/2M
B.1M
C.3M
D.12M
8.垂直交通联系包括：
( ABD )
A.电梯
B.过道
C.门厅
D.自动扶梯
9.能够起到保护墙基作用的构件包括：
( ABC )
A.散水
B.明沟
C.檐沟
D.构造柱
10.楼板层的设计要求包括：
( ABCD )
A.足够的强度
B.隔声能力
C.防火能力
D.保温能力
三、判断题。本大题共3个小题，每小题 5.0 分，共15.0分。
1.铺贴外墙面砖时，为美观和保暖，应将面砖紧密粘贴，决不能留缝隙。
(错误)
2.悬挑窗台虽然做了滴水，仍然比不悬挑窗台更易积脏。
(正确)
3.基础的埋深是指从室内地坪到基础底面的距离。
(错误)
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四川大学2005年博士研究生入学英语考试题 Passage 1 As the horizons of science have expanded, two main groups of scientists have emerged. One is the pure scientist; the other, the applied scientist. The pure or theoretical scientist does original research in order to understand the basic laws of nature that govern our world. The applied scientist adapts this knowledge to practical problems. Neither is more important than the other, however, for the two groups are very much related. Sometimes, however, the applied scientist finds the "problem" for the theoretical scientist to work on. Let's take a particular problem of the aircraft industry: heat-resistant metals. Many of the metals and alloys which perform satisfactorily in a car cannot be used in a jet-propelled plane. New alloys must be used, because the jet engine operates at a much higher temperature than an automobile engine. The turbine wheel in a turbojet must withstand temperatures as high as 1,600 degrees Fahrenheit, so aircraft designers had to turn to the research metallurgist for the development of metals and alloys that would do the job in jet-propelled planes. Dividing scientists into two groups is only one broad way of classifying them, however. When scientific knowledge was very limited, there was no need for men to specialize. Today, with the great body of scientific knowledge, scientists specialize in many different fields. Within each field, there is even further subdivision. And, with finer and finer subdivisions, the various sciences have become more and more interrelated until no one branch is entirely independent of the' others. Many new specialties --geophysics and biochemistry, for example -- have resulted from combining the knowledge of two or more sciences. 1. The applied scientist ______. A. is not always interested in practical problems B. provides the basic knowledge for practice C. applies the results of research to practice D. does original research to understand the basic laws of nature 2. The example given in the passage illustrates how ___. A. pure science operates independently of applied science B. the applied scientist discovers the basic laws of nature C. applied science defines all the areas in which basic research is done D. applied science suggests problems for the basic scientist 3. The problem discussed in the second paragraph called for____. A. selecting the best hear-resistant metal from existing metals B. developing a turbine wheel capable of generating heat up to 1,600 degrees Fahrenheit C. developing metals and alloys that would withstand terrific temperatures
2015年四川大学考博英语真题及详解【圣才出品】
2015年四川大学考博英语真题及详解 I.Reading Comprehension(30%;one mark each) Directions:Read the following six passages.Answer the questions below each passage by Choosing A,B,C,or D.Write your answers on the Answer Sheet. Passage One Speech is so familiar a feature of daily life that we rarely pause to define it.It seems as natural to man as walking,and only less so than breathing.Yet it needs but a moment’s reflection to convince us that this naturalness of speech is but an illusory feeling.The process of acquiring speech is,in sober fact,an utterly different sort of thing from the process of learning to walk.In the case of the latter function,culture,in other words,the traditional body of social usage,is not seriously brought into play.The child is individually equipped,by the complex set of factors that we term biological heredity,to make all the needed muscular and nervous adjustments that result in walking.Indeed,the very conformation of these muscles and of the appropriate parts of the nervous system may be said to be primarily adapted to the movements made in walking and in similar activities.In a very real sense,the normal human being is predestined to walk,not because his elders will assist him to learn the art,but because his organism is prepared from birth to take on all those muscular adaptations that result in walking.To put it concisely,walking is an inherent,biological function of man. Not so language.It is of course true that in a certain sense the individual is predestined to talk,but that is due entirely to the circumstance that he is born in the lap of a society that is certain to lead him to its traditions.Eliminate society and there is every reason to believe that he will learn to walk,if,indeed,he survives at all.But it is just as certain that he will never learn to talk,that is,to communicate ideas according to the traditional system of a particular society.Or, again,remove the new-born individual from the social environment into which he has come and transplant him to an utterly foreign one.He will develop the art of walking in his new environment very much as he would have developed it in the old.But his speech will be completely at variance with the speech of his native environment.Walking then is a general human activity that varies only within a restricted limit as we pass from individual to individual. Its variability is purposeless.Speech is a human activity that varies without assignable limit as we pass from social group to social group,the product of long-continued social usage.It varies as all creative effort varies...not as consciously,perhaps,but none the less as truly as do the religions,the beliefs,the customs,and the arts of different peoples.Walking is an organic,an instinctive,function;speech is a non-instinctive,acquired,“cultural”function. 1.The first sentence of Paragraph Two,“Not so language”,is the closest in meaning to_____. A.This is not the case with language B.So is language and net anything else C.No such a thing exists in language D.Not so much with language 2.The real difference between the ability to walk and the ability to talk is that_____. A.the former is like breathing while the latter is not B.the former does not require social interaction while the latter does
2009年四川大学考博英语真题及详解【圣才出品】
2009年四川大学考博英语真题及详解 I.Reading Comprehension(30%;one mark each) Passage One The longitudinal study demonstrates that students who receive ESL(English as a second language)instruction are far better than those taught primarily in their native language.A comparison of the three-year exit rates for students in ESL and bilingual programs shows that those who receive ESL instruction test out faster and in higher percentages than those who receive instruction in their native language,regardless of the grade in which they entered school. For example,79.3percent of the children who entered ESL programs in kindergarten tested out, while only51.5percent of those who received their education in their native languages did. Likewise,72.9percent of the LEP(limited English proficiency)students who entered programs in the first grade tested out,while only38.5of those in bilingual programs did.For students who entered LEP programs in the ninth grade,91.6percent of those in native-language instruction classes still hadn’t tested out after three years,as compared with78.1percent of those in ESL classes. Furthermore,children who had been in ESL classes tested4higher in English and math once they exited LEP programs than those who had received native-language instruction.Of the LEP students who entered in kindergarten or the first grade,49percent of those who had been in ESL classes eventually read at grade level,while only32percent of those who had been in bilingual classes performed that well.In math,the statistics are even more impressive.Of the children who entered in kindergarten or the first grade,more than69percent of those who had been in ESL classes eventually performed at grade level or above,as opposed to54percent of those who had been in bilingual classes. Naturally,the study provoked a barrage of criticism from the highly political and vocal bilingual lobby,which prompted the New York City Board of Education to issue a paper in November1994mitigating the findings of the study and ignoring the distinction between students in ESL and bilingual education programs.Rather than exit rates,this paper focuses on the achievement of LEP students during the period in which they are in bilingual or ESL classes. The authors show that although the scores of LEP students were below average on the English-language test,their scores in all areas showed improvement;they point out that in math, there were insufficient data on the progress of LEP students to draw valid conclusions. However,a report on citywide mathematics test results in New York in the spring of1995 deals more fully with the math scores of the26,248students who were examined the previous school year in Chinese,Spanish,or Haitian Creole.According to this document,only16.6percent of these children were performing at or above grade level in mathematics.Although this figure represents an improvement of1.1percent over the scores of the previous,year,it discredits the argument that native-language instruction keeps performing at grade level in subject areas. Although LEP students are improving faster than the national norm,they continue to perform far below the norm. 1.This text is mainly______. A.a review of ESL,bilingual and LEP instructions B.a survey of new approaches to subject instructions