2014职称英语综合类阅读理解

Lifeas a Movie Extra

Ordinary people have always been attracted to theworld of movies and movie stars. One way to get closer to this world is tobecome a movie extra. Although you have seen movie extras, you may not havepaid attention to them. Extras are the people seated at tables in a restaurantwhile the two main actors are in conversation. They are the guests at thewedding of the main characters. They are the people crossing the street while“the bad guy" is being chased by the police. Extras don?t normall y speakany lines, but they help make the scenes look real1.

Being a movie extra might seem like a lot of fun.You get to see what life is like behind the scenes. But don?t forget that beingan extra is really a job, and it?s mostly about doing nothing. First-timeextras are often shocked to learn how slow the process of movie making is. In afinished movie, the action may move quickly. But it can sometimes take a wholeday to shoot a scene that appears for just a few minutes on the screen.

The main requirement for being an extra is theability to wait. You may report to work at 5 or 6 a. m.，and then you wait until thedirector is ready for your scene. This could take several hours. Then there maybe technical problems, and you have to wait some more. After the director says “action”and you do the first “take”，you may have to do it again if he or she is not satisfied with thescene. In fact, you may have to do the same scene over and over again. Youcould be on the set for hours, sometimes waiting outdoors in very hot or coldweather.2 You may not be finished until 11 p. m. or midnight. Thepay isn?t good, either — often only a little bit above minimum wage. And youmust pay the agent who gets you the job a commission of about 10 percent.

So who would want to be a movie extra? In spite ofthe long hours and low pay, many people still apply for the job. Some peopletruly enjoy the work. They like being on a movie set, and they enjoy the companionshipof their fellow extras. Most of them have flexible schedules, which allow themto be available.3They may be students, waiters, homemakers, retiredpeople, or unemployed actors. Some unemployed actors hope the work will helpthem get real acting jobs, but it doesn?t happen often. Most people in themovie industry make a sharp distinction between extras and actors, so extrasare not usually considered for large parts.

The next time you see a movie，don’t just watch the stars. Take acloser look at the people in the background, and ask yourself : Who are they?Why are they there? What else do they do in life? Maybe there is someone in thecrowd who is just like you.

词汇：

movieextra群众演员

chase/ t?eis /v．追捕

shoot/?u:t/ vt．拍摄

action/ ?æk??n / n．(导演指令）开拍

commission/ k??mi??n / n．佣金

注释：

1．Extras don’t normally speak anylines, but they help make the scenes look real.：虽然群众演员通常没有台词，但他们的存在使整个场景更加逼真。

2．You could be on the set for hours，sometimes waiting outdoors in veryhot or cold weather.：在拍摄现场，你可能一演就是几个小时，有时还要一直待在很热或很冷的环境中。on the set：在拍摄现场。

3．Most of them have flexibleschedules, which allow them to be available.：这些人中大部分都是时间比较灵活的人，这样他们就能腾出时间来演戏。

练习：

1．What is true about movie extras?

A)Only agents get them jobs inmovies.

B)They often have to wait around onmovie sets and do nothing.

C)It’s a good way to get a realacting job.

D)They can have drinks in arestaurant.

2．What might surprise movie extras the first time they do the job?

A)It can take hours to do a scenethat is only a few minutes long in the movie.

B)They always do the same scene manytimes.

C)The actors are interested intalking to them.

D)The action moves very quickly.

3．Why do most people work as movie extras?

A)They like meeting famous moviestars.

B)They think they will becomefamous.

C)They want to be on a movie set.

D)They will get real acting jobs.

4．What are the job requirements for being a movie extra?

A)You have to have a part-time job.

B)You must be attractive.

C)You must be willing to repeat ascene many times.

D)You must start working very early.

5．It can be inferred from the passagethat.

A)being a movie extra can be boring

B)movie extras need actingexperience

C)movie extras can play larger parts

D)movie actors are quite differentfrom actors

答案与题解：

1．B本文的第三段详细叙述了群众演员的主要工作要求是在拍摄现场等，不用做事，所以答案为B；第一段中描述了群众演员的工作；他们是演员的陪衬，不用讲话。虽然提到他们是在餐馆里，但并没有提是否可以喝饮料，所以D可以排除；A中的only —词太笼统，所以A不对；从第四段可以看出，从群众演员到演员的转型是相当困难的，所以C也不对。2．A第二段中说明了令初做群众演员感到吃惊的是：拍一个场景需要一整天，而播放时只有几分钟。虽然B、D都有所提及，但不是令他们吃惊的事情。

3．C虽然做群众演员耗时长而薪酬低，但他们为什么还选择这一工作呢？答案在第四段：他们喜欢这份工作，愿意与别的群众演员交流，他们自己的工作时间有弹性。A没有提到，B、D不太可能。

4．C做群众演员的条件是什么？在第三段和第四段，我们可知：要有耐心（长时间等待，一个场景有时要拍好多次），要肯吃苦（在恶劣的户外环境中拍戏），报酬低，工作时间有弹性。A、B没有提到；在第三段的第二句提到：You may report towork at 5 or 6 a. m.，表明只是有时会很早开始工作，不是每日必须的，所以D不对。

5．A从本文对群众演员的工作描述我们可以看出，群众演员只是演员的道具，所以是乏味的。B没有提到；据第四段的最后一句，C不对；第四段的最后一句清楚表明，群众演员和真正的演员差别很大，所以不是得出的推论，推论是通过字里行间推出来的，不是给出的陈述。

Pop Music in Africa

Young musicians in African countries are creating a new kind of pop music. The tunes and the rhythms of their music combine African traditions with various forms of music popular today, such as hip-hop, rap, rock, jazz, or reggae. The result is music that may sound familiar to listeners anywhere in the world, but at the same time is distinctly African. It is different also in another way: Many of the songs are very serious and they deal with important social or political issues in Africa today.

Eric Wainaina is one of these African musicians. He grew up in Nairobi, Kenya, in a family of musicians. As a teenager, he listened to pop music from the United States, and later he moved to Boston to study at the Berklee College of Music. Now he has produced a CD in Kenya. Eric's most popular song, "Land of …A Little Something?” is about Kenya's problem of bribery, or paying others for illegal favors. He wants people to listen to his songs and think about how to make Kenya a better place to live.

Another musician who writes serious songs is Witness Mwaijaga from Tanzania. Her own experiences have helped her understand the suffering of many African women. At the age of fifteen she lost her home, but she was luckier than other homeless young people. She could make a living by writing songs and singing on the street. By the time she was eighteen years old, she had become a star. Her songs are written in rap or hip-hop style about the problems that she sees in Tanzania, especially AIDS and the lack of rights for women1.

Baaba Maal, from Senegal, also feels that pop music must go beyond entertainment. He says that in Senegal, storytellers have always been important people. In the past, they were the ones who kept the history of their people alive. Baaba believes that songwriters now have a similar responsibility. They must write about the world around them and help people understand how it could be better. The words of his songs are important, in fact. They speak of peace and cooperation among Africans, as well as the rights of women, love for one' s family, and saving the environment2.

One of South Africa's most popular musicians is Brenda Fassie. She is sometimes compared to Madonna, the American pop star, because she likes to shock people in her shows. But she also likes to make people think. She became famous in the 1980s for her simple pop songs against apartheid. Now that apartheid has ended, her songs are about other issues in South African culture and life. To sing about these, she uses local African languages and a new pop style called kwaito.

In recent years, people outside of Africa have also begun to listen to these young musicians. Through music, the younger generation of Africans are connecting with the rest of the world and, at the same time, influencing the rest of the world.

词汇：

reggae /'regei/ n. 瑞格舞（西印度群岛的舞曲）bribery /'braib?ri/ n. 行贿，贿赂

apartheid / ? 'P a:theit / n. 种族隔离

注释：

1. Her songs are written in rap or hip-hop style about the problems that she sees in Tanzania, especially AIDS and the lack of rights for women. 她用嘻哈和说唱的风格写歌，歌曲的内容是坦桑尼亚的各种问题，特别是艾滋和女性权利的缺失。

2. They speak of peace and cooperation among Africans, as well as the rights of women, love for one's family, and saving the environment. 他倡导在非洲要和平与协作，同时也包括妇女权利、热爱家庭和保护环境。

练习：

1. This passage is about how African pop music is_______.

A) usually about love and romance

B) more serious than most pop music

C) popular with young people in Africa

D) mostly written just for entertainment

2. For people outside of Africa, African pop music is _______.

A) the same as other pop music

B) not usually very interesting

C) entirely strange to them

D) both familiar and different

3. The musicians mentioned in this passage all_______.

A) write about serious problems

B) studied in the United States

C) lost their homes at a young age

D) write songs in a new pop style

4. Eric Wainaina_______.

A) prefers to sing in English

B) listened to traditional music

C) studied music in Boston

D) performs only in the United States

5. Witness Mwaijaga writes about the problem of women partly because_______.

A) she was had a difficult life herself

B) there are many problems in Tanzania

C) she has had an easy life herself

D) there are no other women singers

答案与题解：

1. B 本题的问题是：非洲流行音乐的不同之处是什么？由第一段倒数第一句可以得出答案。“It is different also in another way : Many of the songs are very serious and they deal with important social or political issues in Africa today.”A,D项错误，C项未提及。

2.D 本题的问题是：对于非洲以外的人来说，非洲流行音乐给他们的感觉是什么？从第一段可以得出答案。“The result is music that may sound familiar to listeners anywhere in the world , but at the same time is distinctly Afican.”故正确选项为D。

3. A 本题的问题是：全文所提到的音乐家的共同的特点是什么？总览全文可以得出结论。全文通篇在讲有关社会和政治等严肃主题的音乐，故正确答案为A。B,C,D都有明显的错误。

4. C 本题的问题是：Eric Wainaina的成长细节。由第二段可以得出答案。“…and later he moved to Boston to study at the Berklee College of Music.”其余选项均有错误。

5. A 本题的问题是：Witness Mwaijaga 写有关女人的问题的原因是什么？答案在第三段第二句“Her own experiences have helped her understand the suffering of many African women.”明显可见是她有切身经历。所以正确答案为A。

译文：

非洲的流行音乐

非洲国家的年轻音乐家们创造了一种流行音乐的新形式。音调与旋律不仅有传统的非洲因素也有当下十分流行的各种形式，比如嘻哈、说唱打击乐、摇滚、爵士或者是瑞格舞。这样就使这种音乐让世界各地的听者都觉得很熟悉，而它又是典型的非洲音乐。这种音乐在另一方面也有所不同：很多音乐有着严肃的主题，与当今非洲重要的社会问题和政治问题相关。

Eric Wainaina是这些非洲音乐家的其中之一。他成长于肯尼亚内罗毕的一个音乐世家。少年时期他就昕美国的流行音乐，之后就读于波士顿Berklee College学习音乐。现在他在肯尼亚发了一张CD。他最红的歌曲是"Land of ‘A Little Something' ”，这首歌是有关肯尼亚行贿受贿问题的。他希望人们听他的歌曲然后思考如何让肯尼亚变成更好的居住地。

另一个写有关严肃主题音乐的音乐家是来自坦桑尼亚的Witness Mwaijaga。她的个人经历让她能够切身体会非洲妇女所受的苦难。她15岁的时候失去了家，但是比起和她一样无家可归的年轻人来说她很幸运。她可以靠写歌和在街头卖唱维持生计。在她18岁的时候，她成为一个明星。她用嘻哈和说唱的风格写歌，歌曲的内容是坦桑尼亚的各种问题，特别是艾滋病和女性权利的缺失。

来自塞内加尔的BaabaMaal也认为流行音乐不仅仅是为了娱乐。他在塞内加尔说过，故事的讲述者往往是重要的人物。在^：去，他们是人民历史的书写者。他认为写歌者也拥有同样的责任。他们必须写他们周围的世界，帮助人民明白如何使它变得更好。事实上，歌词的内容十分重要。他倡导在非洲要和平与协作，同时也包括妇女权利、热爱家庭和保护环境。

南美最流行的音乐家之一是Brenda Fassie。她可以与美国流行巨星麦当娜媲美，因为她的舞台表现力震撼人心。但是她也喜欢让人深思。20世纪80年代她因为一首有关反对种族隔离的单曲而一炮走红。现在种族隔离巳经终止了，她的歌曲有关于南美政治和文化的其他方面。她使用传统的非洲语言与一种新的流行形式库威多来歌唱。

近些年，非洲以外的人们都开始听这些年轻音乐家的歌曲。通过音乐，年青一代的音乐家使非洲与世界其他的地方相连接，同时也影响着世界的其他地方。

Why So Many Children?

In many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia , the population is growing fast . The reason for this is simple : Women in these countries have a high birth rate — from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman . The majority of these women are poor , without the food or resources to care for their families ? The answer may be that they often have no choice . There are several reasons for this .

One reason is economic . In a traditional agricultural economy , large families are helpful .

Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age1. In an industrial economy, the situation is different. Many children , do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus, industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the case in Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the early part of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural country with a high birth rate. After World WarⅡ, Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized. By the end of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1. 3 children per woman, the world's lowest.

However, the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate. Saudi Arabia, for example, does not have an agriculture-based economy, and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world. Nevertheless, it also has a very high birth rate(7.0). Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand, are poor countries, with largely agricultural economies, but they have recently reduced their population growth.

Clearly, other factors are involved. The most important of these is the condition of women. A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.2 This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia. There, the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home. On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico, Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries. Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.

Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control. Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive, birth rates have gone down. This is the case in Singapore, Sri Lanka, and India, as well as in Indonesia, Thailand, Mexico, and Brazil. In these countries, women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.

These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions.3 It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet their needs. Only then, in fact, does it have any real chance of success.

词汇：

industrialization / in?d?stri?lai?zei??n/ n. 工业

possibility /p?s?'bil?ti/ n. 可能性，可能发生的事物

effective /i'fektiv/ adj. 有效的，起作用的，实际的

注释：

1. In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age. 传统的农业经济中，家庭成员数目多是十分有利的。孩子多意味着田里的劳动力多且有人给父母养老。

2. A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women. 高的生育率往往与妇女缺乏教育与社会地位低下相关。

3. These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. 这些趋势表明有效的控制人口的方案并不依赖于良好的经济状况。

练习：

1. In a traditional agricultural economy, a large family_______.

A. can be an advantage

B. may limit income

C. isn?t necessary

D. is expensive

2. When countries become industrialized, _______.

A. families often become larger

B. the birth rate generally goes down

C. women usually decide not have a family

D. the population generally grows rapidly

3. According to this passage, Italy today is an example of an _______.

A. agricultural country with a high birth rate

B. agricultural country with a low birth rate

C. industrialized country with a low birth rate

D. industrialized country with a high birth rate

4. Saudi Arabia is mentioned in the passage because it shows that _______.

A. the most important factor influencing birth rate is the economy

B. factors other than the economy influence birth rate

C. women who have a high income usually have few children

D. the birth rate depends on per capita income

5. In Mexico, Thailand, and Indonesia, the government _______.

A. is not concerned about the status of women

B. has tried to industrialize the country rapidly

C. does not allow women to work outside the home

D. has tried to improve the condition of women

答案与题解：

1. A 本题的问题是：在传统的农业经济中，大的家庭的影响是什么？从文中第二段第二句和第三句话可以得出明确的答案。“In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.”所以答案为A，是优势。

2. B 本题的问题是：当国家工业化后，人口和出生率的状况是什么？从第二段意大利的例子可以明确得出答案。“In the early part of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural country with a high birth rate. After World War Ⅱ, Italy's economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.”由此可见出生率降低。

3. C 本题的问题是：本文举出意大利的例子要说明什么？从第二段意大利的前后对比的情况可以看出正确答案为C。

4. B 本题的问题是：文中提到沙特阿拉伯的例子说明了什么？由第三段开头可知“However, the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.”下面将要介绍其他的因素，之后以沙特阿拉伯为例。故正确答案为B。经济以外影响出生率的因素。

5. D本题的问题是：墨西哥、泰国、印度尼西亚的政府采取了怎样的措施？从文中第四段后半部分“On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico, Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries. Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.”可以得出结论。另一方面从第四段开头也可以得出结论。“The most important of these is the condition of women.”之后举出这几个国

家的例子，从而也可以得出结论。

译文：

为什么有这么多的孩子

非洲和亚洲的很多发展中国家，人P增长迅速。原因很简单：这些国家的女人生育率很高——每个女人平均有三个到七个孩子。这些女人大部分都很穷，没有足够的食物和资源来照顾家庭。为什么她们要有这么多孩子呢？为什么她们不限制家庭的大小呢？答案是大多数时候她们没办法选择。这有很多原因。

其中之一是经济原因。传统的农业经济中，家庭成员数目多是十分有利的。孩子多意味着田里的劳动力多且有人给父母养老。在工业经济国家中情况就不同了。多数孩子不帮助家里，而是增加家庭开销。因此，工业化极大降低了生育率。这是意大利的一个例子，意大利最近几年工业化发展十分迅速。在20世纪前叶，意大利是个贫穷的农业国家，有着很高的生育率。第二次世界大战之后，意大利的现代化和工业化十分迅速。世纪之末其生育率降到世界最低，平均每个女人 1. 3个孩子0

然而经°济并不是唯一重要的影响出生率的因素。以沙特阿拉伯为例，那里并没有以农业为基础的经济，而且是人均收入最高的国家之一。然而还是有很高的生育率（7.0)。而像墨西哥和印度尼西亚，主要是农业经济的穷国，但他们的人口还在不断地下降。

很明显有其他的因素。最重要的就是妇女的状况。高的生育率往往与妇女缺乏教育与社会地位低下相关。这就能解释沙特阿拉伯的出生率为什么如此之髙。传统的文化使妇女缺乏教育或者不能独立，并且在外生存的技能很少。相反，墨西哥、泰国、印度尼西亚的生育率就低。他们的政府给妇女提供更多的教育和机会。

另一个重要的因素是计划生育。女人们也许想限制家庭的大小，但是她们没有办法。一些倡导计划生育的政府为她们提供有效而且不贵的方式，生育率下降。比如新加坡、斯里兰卡、印度和印度尼西亚、泰国、墨西哥、巴西。在这些国家妇女被提供健康和计划生育的帮助。

这些趋势表明有效的控制人口的方案并不依赖于良好的经济状况。如果是致力于帮助妇女适应她们的需求那么就是有效的。事实上只有这样，才能有机会取得成功。

职称英语阅读理解(终审稿)

职称英语阅读理解 文稿归稿存档编号：[KKUY-KKIO69-OTM243-OLUI129-G00I-FDQS58-MG129]

【经典资料，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可编辑修改】 【经典考试资料，答案附后，看后必过，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可修改】 第二十七篇Driven to Distraction Joe Coyne slides into the driver’s seat, starts up the car and heads1 to town. The empty stretch of interstate gives way to urban congestion2, and Coyne hits the brakes as a pedestrian suddenly crosses the street in front of him. But even if he hadn’t stopped in time, the woman would have been safe. She isn’t real. Neither is the town. And Coyne isn’t really driving. Coyne is demonstrating a computerized driving simulator that is helping researchers at Old Dominion University3 (ODU) examine how in-vehicle guidance systems affect the person behind the wheel.4 The researchers want to know if such systems, which give audible or written directions, are too distracting — or whether any distractions are offset5 by the benefits drivers get from having help finding their way in unfamiliar locations.6 “We are looking at the performance and mental workload of drivers,” said Caryl Baldwin, the assistant psychology professor lending the research, which involves measuring drivers reaction time and brain activity as they respond to auditory and visual cues7. The researchers just completed a study of the mental workload8 involved in driving through different kinds of environments and heavy

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第四十一篇 Too Little for Global Warming Oil and gas will run out1 too fast for doomsday global warming scenarios2 to materialize, according to a controversial new analysis presented this week at the University of Uppsala in Sweden. The authors warn that all the fuel will be burnt before there is enough carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to realize predictions of melting ice caps and searing temperatures. Defending their predictions, scientists from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change3 say they considered a range of estimates of oil and gas reserves, and point out that coal-burning could easily make up4 the shortfall. But all agree that burning coal would be even worse for the planet. The IPCC’s predictions of global meltdown pushed forward5 the 1997 Kyoto Protocol6, an agreement obliging signatory nations to cut CO2 emissions. The IPCC considered a range of future scenarios, from unlimited burning of fossil-fuels to a fast transition towards greener energy sources. But geologists Anders Sivertsson, Kjell Aleklett and Colin Campbell of Uppsala University say there is not enough oil and gas left even the most conservative of the 40 IPCC scenarios to come to pass7. Although estimates of oil and gas reserves vary widely, the researchers are part of a growing group of experts who believe that oil supplies will peak as soon as 2010, and gas soon after. Their analysis suggests that oil and gas reserves combined amount to the equivalent of about 3,500 billion barrels of oil considerably less than the 5,000 billion barrels estimated in the most optimistic model envisaged by the IPCC. Even the average forecast of about 8,000 billion barrels is more than twice the Swedish estimate of the world’s remaining reserves. Nebojsa akicenovic, an energy economist at the University of Vienna, Austria who headed the 80-strong IPCC team that produced the forecasts, says the panel’s work still stands8. He says they factored in9 a much broader and internationally accepted range of oil and gas estimates than the “conservative”Swedes. Even if oil and gas run out. “there’s a huge amount of coal underground that could be exploited.” He says that burning coal could make the IPCC scenarios come true, but points out that such a switch would be disastrous. Coal is dirtier than oil and gas and produces more CO2for each unit of energy, as well as releasing large amounts of particulates. He says the latest

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其次，为了节省时间，考生最好是带自己经常使用、习惯了其编排规律的词典。在以往的考试中，甚至有少数考生对英语词典中字母表排列顺序的规律都不了解，这等于把这一得力工具浪费了。 综上所述，带一本自己常用的，正规的双解词典就好了，因为是去参加考试，不是去翻字典。 对于词汇选择题，最好从B、C两个选项查起。根据美国权威机构通过对标准化考试的研究与分析，选择题的4个选项中，B、C两个选项是正确答案的可能性更高。从这2个选项查起，更能节约考试时间。 重点查阅单词的常用解释。单词与汉语一样，一个单词可能同时有好几个解释，但是职称英语考试中一般都只会考察单词的常用意思，因此有多个解释的单词只需查阅其前三个解释即可。 一旦将答案确定，不要再查询其它单词，以免浪费时间。有些考生希望能确认或是不太肯定所选择答案，往往就把4个选项均查询了一遍，不仅浪费了时间，也可能将原本的正确答案修改了，第一感觉是很重要的!

2014中考英语阅读理解及答案：圣诞之夜

2014中考英语阅读理解及答案：圣诞之夜 A On Christmas Eve─the night before Christmas Day─children all over Britain put a stocking at the end of their beds before they go to sleep. Their parents usually tell them that Father Christmas will come during the night. Father Christmas is very kind and hearted. He gets to the top of each house and climbs down the chimney into the fireplace. He fills each of the stockings with Christmas presents. Of course, Father Christmas isn’t real. In Jim and Kate’s house, “Father Christmas” is really Mr Green. Mr Green doesn’t climb down the chimney. He waits until the children are asleep. Then he quietly goes into their bedrooms and fills their stockings with small presents. When they were very young, Mr Green sometimes wore a red co at. But he doesn’t do that now. The children are no longer young, and they know who “Father Christmas” really is. But they still put their stockings at the end of their beds. 1. Christmas Eve is __________. A. the night of Christmas Day B. the evening of Christmas Day

职称英语阅读理解50答案

Stress Level Tied to Education Level 1.Stress level is closely related to. social status. 2.The1,031adults were interviewed. on a daily basis for 8 days. 3.Which group reported the biggest number of stressful days? People with college degrees. 4.The less advantaged people are, the greater. the impact of stress on their health is. 5.Less-educated people report fewer days of stress possibly because. Stress is too common a factor in their life. Medical Journals 1.The main readers of medical journals are. health professionals. 2.Which of the following statements is NOT true? Most medical journals publish only online. 3.How many major types of articls are mentioned in the passage? Five. 4.An article dealing with results from different studies on the same topic is called. A research article. 5.Letters to the editor enable readers of a medical journal to express comments on. Articles published in that journal. Need for Emphasis on Treatment 1.Which is true of many AIDS sufferers in developing countries? They are not receiving any treatment. 2.The WHO publishes its World Health Report. Once a year. 3.According to Lee, our response to the AIDS disease is. A matter of great significance. 4.AIDS treatment programs may also result in. more effective prevention. 5.How many people have died of AIDS so far? More than 20 million. Heat and Health 1.More than 600 people died from heat in Chicago. In 1995. 2.What can piople learn from the Mean Heat Index? The average temperature of an extrem ely hot day. 3.A heat wave is a period of time during which. The weather is much hotter than usual. 4.Muscle pain in hot weather means that. Y our body needs more water. 5.For people who are not in good health,heat can. Be deadly. Losing W eight 1.The study showed that most of the girls. Had a healthy body weight. 2.What percentage of the girls considered themselves overweight? Nearly 30 percent. 3.The survey participants were girls. Who were 10 to 1 4. 4.What kind of institution does the lead researcher work with? A hospital. 5.Unhealthy attitudes about weight,body image and food may. Lead to an eating disorder. Pushbike Peril 1.According to the passage, some engineers are trying to improve the handlebars because. they are not noble enough. 2.In paragraph 2, the author mentions a study of serious abdominal iniuries. To tell us why Kristy Arbogast began the projict. 3.Paragraph 3 mainly discusses. how serious injuries occur. 4.The passage implies that. It is not easy to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design. 5.In which of the following ways the handgrip work? It reduces the dangerous forces in bicycle accidents. Aate-night Erinking 1.The author mentions “pick-me-up”to indicate that. coffee is a stimulant. 2.Which of the following tells us how caffeine affects sleep? Caffeine halves the body’s levels of sleep hormone. 3.What does paragraph 3 mainly discuss? Different effects of caffeinated coffee and decaf on sleep. 4.What does the experiment mentioned in paragraph 4 prove? Caffeine drinkers produce less sleep hormone. 5.The author of this passage probably agrees that. we should not drink coffee after supper. Attitudes to AIDS Now 1.What do activists worry about? People may stop worrying about AIDS. 2.According to the passage, people’s attitude toward the cure of AIDS is. realistic. 3.The Gallup Poll shows that the number of people. Who think AIDS is the country’s top health killer has fallen. 4.According to the Kaiser Poll, which of the following is NOT correct? More and more people die of AIDS now.

2014年职称英语真题及答案综合类C级(阅读理解)

Taking Pictures of the World Meet Annie Griffiths Belt,a National Geographic photographer.Belt has worked for National Geographic since 1978,and has taken pictures on almost every continent in the world.In fact,Antarctica is the only continent Belt hasn't seen yet. Belt's photographs are well known for their beauty and high quality.They also reflect very different cultures and regions of the world.Belt has photographed the ancient city of Petra, Jordan,as well as the green landscapes of the Lake District in England.Recently,her pictures appeared in a book about undeveloped natural places in North America. Everywhere that Belt goes,she takes pictures of people. Belt has found ways to connect with people of all ages and nationalities even when she does not speak their language." The greatest privilege of my job is being allowed into people's lives,"she has said."The camera is like a passport,and I am often overwhelmed by how quickly people welcome me!"

职称英语核心词汇汇总

职称英语核心词汇汇总

职称英语考试备考技巧 一、词汇： 需要考生在最后阶段练习查字典，建议一天练习查60对，而且一个词汇题要反、正查，同时也要进行职称考试中常考词汇的记忆，这样可以在考试时提高速度，节省时间。 词汇题一般情况下仅凭字典一般也能做对，因此考生对自己不认识、不熟悉或没有绝对把握的题一定要通过字典来确认，从而确保词汇题100%的正确率。特别提醒考生，考试时要带上一本带有同义词的词典。且词典不能含有职称、考试等字样，更不能带电子词典。 二、阅读判断： 答题时需掌握一条原则，就是在文章中有明确提出的才能确定为对。题目中若出现must、only、all、always等时，答案一般不会是对的。 除上面的原则外，一般根据下列原则和规律也可以确定正确答案。选择A、B或C的三种情况： 选A的情况：如果某题干与原文信息完全一致或基本一致 选B的情况：如果某题干与原文信息完全相反 选C的情况：如果某题干部分或局部信息在原文中未提到 三、概括大意和完成句子： 概括大意要先看选项，寻找关键词，确定所考段落。完成句子则要根据所给的短句进行选择，比较好的方法是找同类动词。 同时读每段话时，要抓住该段话的主题句和核心词汇，正确答案常常是主题句的改写。读每段话时，并不是该段话全要仔细阅读。这样，既浪费时间，也不容易抓住重点。应该抓住该段话的主题句。 四、阅读理解： 首先要重点掌握教材上的阅读理解的重点文章的背诵，来抓住出自教材上的分数，这是顺利通过考试很关键的一步。

同时充分利用老师在课上讲的解题技巧，如大标题做题法、红花绿叶原则、顺序出题原则、关键词回归定位法通过做模拟试题来进行解题技巧的演练和应用。 在做题时要注意：搞清主旨题、细节题、推理题、逻辑关系题、观点态度题。注意标题、首尾段、首尾句、逻辑关系处、细节处等出题点；在阅读时见到日期、数量等要先做好标记，这样有重点有理有节的解题，才有可能取得满意的成绩。 五、补全短文： 要先看标题定文体，再看选项，观察选项时应注意抓主干，猜大意，弄清选项大意是表示定义、因果、例子还是措施；不要放过代词、专用名字、连接词、数字等特征词；然后回头再去看课文，明确1-5的位置。 解每道题时只需要阅读该题所在段落，不需要阅读其他段落。往往通过阅读该题目的前后句就能够确定答案，在考试时，应该注意利用以下前后句子存在的关系来做题： (1)利用转折关系 (2)利用归纳总结关系 (3)利用总分关系 (4)利用并列关系 六、完形填空： (1)掌握教材上的文章内容，尤其是2013年新增文章。把这些文章在考前一个月内，争取背到“滚瓜烂熟”，这样，就算考试时怎样变化都可以应付。 (2)语法知识的总结和固定搭配、词组的记忆。这样在做题时，阅读整篇文章，考生才能从头判断每个空所缺的词的语言形式，如词类、时态、语态，并判断该词应具有的符合文章上下文的词义，最后从给出的四个选项中，选出在语法与词义上均与原文相符合的一个。除掌握以上解题技巧外，考生最好配合在模拟真实的考试时间进行模拟试题的演练，这样不但可以直接掌握复习效果，还可以迅速找到自己的薄弱环节，通过单项训练，逐一提高成绩。最后，提醒考生，在抓紧时间复习的同时要放松心情，以轻松的心态迎接考试。预祝顺利通过考试！ 全国职称英语考试必过秘籍（免背单词+免读全文版） 1、试题概况及答题顺序 1.1、必杀技：见下表中“答题顺序”：

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2014中考英语阅读理解及答案：互联网改变 生活 It’s hard to imagine life without the Internet. How greatly it has changed our lives in the past 15 years since it was widely used. At the same time, however, the Internet has also caused some traditions to fall away (消失). E-mail is quicker and cheaper. Getting a handwritten letter from a friend has become a rare (稀有的) pleasure. Who would like to pay 60 yuan for 12 songs in a plastic case if you can find music in the Interact for free? When almost any fact can be found within seconds through Google and Baidu, personal memory becomes less important. The Web can remember it for us. When was the last time you watched the world out of a window? When was the last time you read a favorite book once again? When was the last time you sat in the cinema with your family? More and more people lose themselves in the Internet. They show less interest and spend less time in the outside world. You’ve spent the past few years talking with your freinds on QQ, or reading about his or her QQ suqare, so meeting a freind is no longer as important as it once was.

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2013职称英语阅读理解英文及译文 2013年新增（一）阅读判断 1.第一篇：Taking Pictures of the world 2.*第十二篇：Starting a New Tradition （二）概括大意与完成句子 1.第五篇：US Signs Global Tobacco Treaty 2.第八篇：How We Form First Impression （三）阅读理解 1.第三篇：Shark Attack ！ 2.第五篇：The Travels of Ibn Battuta 12年新增的篇目：第1、8、10、11、16、19、20、26、30、33、34、35、37、38、47篇 13年新增的篇目：第3、5篇。 12年第8篇(C级)第33篇B级，第35篇A级2012年已考 职称英语阅读理解文章译文(参加综合A、B、C级考试需要掌握文章) 3 第一篇讲述关于人们的故事 Telling Tales about People 第二篇课外学习带来很大不同 4 Outside-the-classroom Learning Makes a Big Difference 5 第三篇小心鲨鱼 5 Shark Attack! 6 第四篇火鸡盛宴和感恩节的祝福 6 Feast on Turkey and Good Wishes at Thanksgiving 7 第五篇伊本白图泰游记7 The Travels of Ibn Battuta 8 第六篇看电视与长途汽车旅行9 TV Shows and Long Bus Trips 10 第七篇现代日光浴者10 Modern Sun Worshippers 11 第八篇变化中的中产阶级11 The Changing Middle Class 12 第九篇单亲幼儿最出色12 Single-parent Kids Do Best 13 第十篇艾伦的来信13 A Letter from Alan 14 第十一篇芭蕾舞的发展14 The Development of Ballet 15 第十二篇走私15 Smuggling 15 第十三篇芭比娃娃16 The Barbie Dolls 16 第十四篇睡眠17 Sleep 17

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2014中考英语阅读理解及答案：国宝熊猫 The panda is one of the anmails most in are about 1,000 pandas living in nature reserves and research centres look after about 160 are studying how they live and more baby pandas are born in the zoos. Pandas live in the forests and mountains of Southwest mainly live on bamboo,and each panda needs to eat a lot of bamboo every area of bamboo is becoming smaller for many different reasons ,so pandas have less and less land to live on .Pandas don’t have many babies,and baby pandas often die,The situation is becoming very serious. Our govemment is working hard to save are more than 30 nature reserves to protect pandas but these are not enough .The government has made a new plan to help nature reserves will be bigger and the bamboo will grow the pandas will have enough food to eat and enough places to live born in the zoos may go back to live in the nature reserves. Most people love panda is one of the best-known animals in the is the symbol for the World Wide Fund For WWF works to protect all animals in danger,so the panda has become the symbol of all animals in is still a long way to go to save

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Passage 1 Have you ever seen a moon that looks unbelievably big? 1.To what do we compare the size of the harvest moon? (all of these) 2.The main purpose of the article is to inform. 3.The author knew most people find the moon mysterious. 4.The moon looks bigger if it is near the horizon 5.The autumn moon helps farmers see as they harvest their crops. Passage 2 Strange thing happens to time when you travel. 1.The best title for this selection is How Time Changes Around the World. 2.The difference in time between zones is one hour. 3.From this selection it seems true that the Atlantic Ocean is divided into five time zones. 4.The international date line is the name for the point where a new day begins. 5.If you cross the ocean going east, you set you clock ahead one hour in each new time zone. Passage 3 Holidays in the United States usually occur at least once a month. 1.The government of the United States makes it a rule for workers to have a 3-day weekend almost once a month. 2.Workers in the United States sometimes work from Tuesday to Sunday. 3.Which statement is NOT true according to this passage? All the workers have a half-month vacation. 4.The reason why someone has to divide his vacation into several parts is that no one can be found to take his place . 5.Which of the following is the best title for this passage? Something about the holidays and Vacation in the U.S. Passage 4 Sarah Winchester was a very rich woman. 1.What did Sarah keep doing to her house? Making it bigger. 2.The story says that Sarah?s house had floors. 3.Who did the work on Sarah?s house? Carpenters and plumbers and other workers. 4.How long did the work on the house continue? For 38 years. 5.Sarah?s house was finally finished when she died. Passage 5 The diner is only a humble restaurant, but it has a special place in American life. 1.What?s the main idea of paragraph 2? The attraction of different people. 2.The purpose of the last paragraph is to give a summary of the whole passage. 3.Why do truck drivers like a diner?It’s a haven against loneliness. 4.Diners attract many different kinds of people. 5.Diners are fascinating. Passage 6 In the past two years, millions of Americans have suddenly embraced the bicycles as 1.The word “embrace” in the first sentence is closest in meaning to make use of. 2.It can be concluded that if people continue to concern themselves with air pollution and physical fitness, bicycle sales will continue to rise. 3.The bicycle is enjoying a strong revival. 4.The reader can also conclude that Americans are concerned with the quality of their lives . 5.In the sentence “…and this isn?t America?s first bicycle boom.” The word “boom” means a rapid increase in sale.

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