英语新闻听力直通车 (5)

ECONOMICS REPORT - Outsourcing of Jobs

Broadcast: March 5, 2004

This is Bob Doughty with the VOA Special English Economics Report.

Companies often give work to an outside business that can do the job for less money than their own employees could. This is called outsourcing. Outsourcing has become a political issue in the campaign for the American presidential election in November.

Many companies in the United States have been moving jobs to countries where costs are much lower. Factory production jobs have moved away for years. But the jobs now also involve skills like computer programming.

Labor groups and workers are angry. They point to reports that say the United States has lost two-and-a-half million jobs since two-thousand-one. Most were jobs in manufacturing. Some states have lost more jobs than others. But no one seems to know for sure how many jobs left the country.

There was a recession. Jobs were cut. Yet, so far, the economic recovery has produced fewer jobs than expected. So outsourcing has created an emotional debate.

Lou Dobbs has a business news program on CNN television. He keeps a list of companies that have sent jobs to foreign countries. Almost every night, Mister Dobbs talks about what he calls the “exporting of America.”

Gregory Mankiw [man-CUE] is the chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers to President Bush. Recently Mister Mankiw said outsourcing is probably good for the economy in the long term. He said it makes sense to import goods or services produced at lower cost. He called it "just a new way of doing international trade."

Most economists would probably agree. But Democrats and Republicans criticized Mister Mankiw. He later apologized for having appeared to praise the loss of United States jobs.

Criticism of outsourcing has led some people to condemn free trade. They argue that if jobs are lost to foreign countries, then America should seek protective measures.

The director general of the World Trade Organization does not see it that way. Supachai Panitchpakdi says one-third of all economic growth in the United States since nineteen-ninety resulted from international trade.

Mister Supachai says training and education can create new opportunities for workers. He says exports have helped create five-million new jobs in America in the last ten years. He says those jobs pay ten-percent above the average.

This VOA Special English Economics Report was written by Mario Ritter. This is Bob Doughty.

注释

outsourcing [ ] n.外部采办,外购

above the average 在一般水平以上, 中上

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Unit 6Public Health Section A warming up 1. life expectancy 2. regulators abortion 3. rabies 4. infected with cases 5. bird flu immune 6. outbreaks-borne 7. prescription medicines 8. AIDS 9. antiviral10. Medicare Section B 1. B Tapescript: 1. The problem of obesity is spreading into many different aspects of Americans ’ lives. Now researchers have confirmed that some children are so fat they can’ t fit into car safety seats designed fordski. 2. Two more Indian states have banned the sale of soft drinks produced by . giants Coca-cola and Pepsi-cola after a test by an environmental group showed high pesticide levels. This brings the total number of states to six where there is a partial or full ban of the soft drinks. 3.An Asian expert says disease and natural disasters may pose a great security threat to the region than conventional political conflicts. 4.The United Nations say opium cultivation in Afghanistan has declined for the first time since 2001 as tens of thousands of farmers have given up opium poppies for legal crops. 5.The authorities in Iran have warned that if the dangerously high level of air pollution in the capital‘’ Teheran continues, there could be thousandsiesof. casualt Section C Item 1 1. A Tapescript: The number of people infected with HIV, the virus that can lead to AIDS, is still rising and has passed 14 million worldwide for the first time. The United Nations said there had been five million new infections this year and warned that AIDS was outstripping global and national efforts to contain it. Sub-Saharan Africa remains the worst affected region. In Asia, where more than eight million people are infected, the UN says infection rates are rising sharply. It warned that Pakistan, in particular, was on the verge of a serious epidemic. Item 2 Task 11. T Task 2 1. international conference malaria West African state scientific findings in lost GDP 3. world population’s is transmitted Tapescript: The biggest ever international conference on malaria has begun in the West African state of Cameroon to discuss the latest scientific findings on the disease which kills more than million people worldwide each year. 75 percent of those victims are African children. Of the 2,000 delegates meeting in the capital Yaounde, 80% are from Africa. The disease costs the continent more than 12 billion dollars in lost GDP each year. The latest research suggests that 41% ofthe world ’ s population live in areas where malaria is transmitted. Item 3 1. Whether more than one food company is responsible for an outbreak of E. coli bacteria. 2. Bad spinach from Natural Selection foods 3. Earth Bound Farm 4. It has recalled the spinach. 5. get rid of any fresh spinach in bags or other containers. 6.