英语复习题

Unit 2 Robots

Period I Warming Up, Reading & Comprehending (I)

Step 1 语篇理解

1. What kind of robot was Tony according to the text?

A. Tony is ugly and active.

B. Tony is elegant and unambitious.

C. Tony is capable and helpful.

D. Tony is rude and serious.

2. What happened to Tony at last?

A. He was bought by Claire's friend.

B. He continued doing the housework. Unit 1 Living well

C. He was taken away.

D. He went into Gladys' home.

3. The passage mainly tells us_________.

A. the robot's facial expression couldn't change like people

B. the robot could do everything that man can

C. an experiment tested out by the household robot Tony

D. an experiment where a household robot was tested out

4. What can we know from the company's decision?

A. People in the company felt it was not wise to protect Claire.

B. People in the company didn't want women to fall in love with robots.

C. It was because Tony harmed Claire that the company decided to rebuild Tony.

D. It was because Tony couldn't do daily work that the company decided to rebuild Tony.

PeriodⅡ Warming Up & Reading(Ⅱ)

新知坐标

1.—Do you think it is possible for a robot for have its own needs and desires?(P10) 你认为一个机器人会有自己的需求和愿望吗?

(1)在从句中，it是形式主语，不定式复合结构是真正的主语。

It is possible for sb for sb. to do sth．某人做某事是可能的

It is possible for him to solve the problem in this way．他可能用这种方法解决这个问题。

(2)desire n．渴望；欲望；渴求 vt. 希望得到；想要 The people expressed their desire that the war (should) come to an end.人们表达了对结束战争的渴望。

We all desire peace and happiness．我们大家都渴望和平与幸福。

【搭配】

Afghan people desired that the war(should) come to an end soon. 阿富汗人民希望战争早口结束。

【提示】 desire 作“请求．要求”讲，后接宾语从句时，宾语从句常用虚拟语气，即从句谓语形式为(should)＋动词原形。desire后由that引导的同位语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语形式为(should)＋动词原形。

【辨析】

desire／wish／hope／expect／want／Iong

I wish I had worked out the problem in the examination．我希望在那次考试中解出了那遭难题。

I hope you can get on well with your new friends. 我希望你能和你的新朋友好好相处。 The boy expected to be forgiven ．那个男孩期盼他人的谅解。

We want plenty of sleep ，not studying all the time ．我们需要充足的睡眠；而不是一直学习。

We are all longing for peace ．我们都渴望和平。

2．It was going to be tested out by Larry's wife ， Claire ．(P11) 这项试验将由拉里的夫人克莱尔来尝试。 Test out 试验；考验

They tested out the new sports car ． 他们试验了那部新跑车。

He wished to test out the item before selling it ． 他想在卖出此产品前先测试一下。 【拓展】

The consultant would test the new policy on his own company first ．那个咨询顾问首先在他自己的公司里试行新的政策。

Tens of thousands of people will take ／have an test for government officers this Sunday ．成千上万的人们将参加本周日的公务员考试。

3．However ，when she first saw the robot ，she felt alarmed ．(P11) 然而，她初次见到机器人的时候，就感到惊慌。

alarm n. 警报；惊恐 vt ．使警觉；使惊恐；惊动

She hammered on the door wildly to sound ／give ／raise the alarm ． 她使劲敲打门发

出警报。

The students took the alarm at the news ． 学生们为这消息感到惊慌。 We were alarmed by ／at a sudden shriek. 我们被突然的尖叫声吓了一跳。 【搭配】

He was one of the first scientists to sound the alarm about the destruction of the Amazon

rainforest ．他是最早对亚马孙雨林遭到破坏而发出警报的科学家之一。 I set the alarm for six ．我把闹钟定在6点。 【辨析】

alarm ／terrify ／frighten

The captain knew there was an engine fault but didn't want to alarm the passengers ．船长知道一台发动机出了故障，但是他不想惊动乘客。 Flying terrifies her ．她害怕坐飞机。

Sorry ，I didn't mean to frighten you ．对不起，我没有要吓唬你的意思。

4．Claire thought it was ridiculous to be offered sympathy by a robot.(P11) 克莱尔认为机器人会向她表示同情有点荒唐可笑。

(1)it 是宾语从句(that) it was ridiculous … 的形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to be offered

sympathy by a robot 。 (2)sympathy n ．同情(心)

I have been poor ，so I have a lot of sympathy with poor people ． 我曾经是个穷人，因此我对穷人深表同情。 【搭配】

We expressed great sympathy for the earthquake victims ．

我们对地震受害者表示深深的同情。

A lot of passers-by looked at Brother Sharp with sympathy ． 许多过路人同情地看着犀利哥。 【辨析】

sympathy ／pity

Every man in trouble wants sympathy ．每个遇到麻烦的人都渴望得到同情。 He felt pity for that man who is starving ．他对那个挨饿的人感到同情。

5．As a favour Tony promised to help Claire make herself smarter and her home more elegant ．(P11)

为了帮忙，托尼答应帮助克莱尔使她变得更加聪明，使她的家变得更加高雅大方。 favour n ．恩惠；支持；喜爱vt ．喜爱；偏袒；支持

A mother shouldn't show too much favour to one of her children ．做母亲的不应过分偏爱某一个孩子。

The weather favoured our voyage ． 天气对我们的航行有利。 【搭配】

You did me a great favour ．你帮了我一个大忙。

I am in favour of going to the theatre ．我赞成去看戏。 【拓展】 What's your favourite song in your daily life? 在日常生活里，你最喜欢的歌曲是什么? 【学以致用】

①Many Chinese universities provide scholarships for students _________financial aid ． A ．in favour of B ．in honour of C ．in face of D ．in need of ②You are really very kind ．I'll never forget the_________ you have done me ． A ．favour B ．deed C ．help D ．good

6．As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops ，he wrote out a list of items for her ．(P11)

因为克莱尔不让托尼陪她去商店，所以托尼就给她写了一份购物清单。 accompany vt ．陪伴；伴奏；伴随，和……一起发生

Lightning usually accompanies thunder ，followed by a storm ．雷声常常伴随着闪电而来，接下来是暴风雨。

He was accompanied on the expedition by his wife ． 他那次远行有妻子陪同。 【搭配】

Children under 14 must be accompanied by an adult ．14岁以下儿童必须有成人陪伴。 She left the stage ，accompanied by loud cheering ．她在一片欢呼声中离开了舞台。

Her mother accompanied her n the piano ．她母亲为她钢琴伴奏。 【提示】 一般不用accompany sb ．to do sth ．表示“陪伴某人做某事”。 【拓展】

Rita's parents are away for the week ，so I thought I'd go over and keep her accompany ．丽塔的父母这个星期外出不在家，所以我想我应该过去和她作伴。

7．When the clerk at the counter was rude to her ，she rang Tony up and told the derk to speak to him ．(P11) 当这个柜台售货员对她粗鲁时，她就打电话给托尼，让柜台售货员同托尼说话。

ring up 给……打电话

I'll ring you up as soon as l get home ． 我一到家就给你打电话。

【提示】 ring up 中的up 是副词，该短语接人称代词作宾语时，人称代词要放在ring 和up 之间，接名词作宾语时，名词既可放在ring 和up 之间，也可放在ring up 之后。 【拓展】

I'd better ring off now ；the baby's crying ．我现在该挂电话了，婴儿在哭呢。 8．As she turned around ，there stood Gladys Claffern ．(P11) 她刚一转过身，就看到格拉

迪斯·克拉芬站在那儿。

(1)as引导时间状语从句；there stood…为倒装句。当there，here，out，in，up，down，then 等副词位于句首，且句子的主语不是代词时，句子要完全倒装。

(2)turn around 转向；回转

When you turn around in the street，you must be careful．当你在大街上拐弯的时候，必须小心。

【拓展】

Could you turn down the air conditioning? It's too cold in here．你能不能把空调(的冷气)调低一点?这里太冷了。

We have to turn the bikes in by 6:00．我们必须在6点之前交还自行车。

Don't worry，I'm sure it will turn out fine．不要担心，我敢肯定一切会好起来的。

【学以致用】

单项填空：

(2010·辽宁高考)Thousands of people ________to watch yesterday's match against lreland． A．turned On B．turned in C．turned around D．turned Out

9，she cried out“Tony'’and then heard him declare that he didn't want to leave her the next day and that he felt more than just the desire to please her．(P11) 她大叫“托尼”，接着她就听到托尼郑重地说他不想第二天离开她，并且他感到不仅仅只是想让她开心。

Declare vt. 宣布；声明；表明；宣称

The court declared that man(to be) innocent．法庭判该男子无罪。

【搭配】

Doctors declared that Maxwell died of natural causes．医生们宣布马克斯韦尔属于自然死亡。

Officials declared Jackson the winner of the race．官员们宣布杰克逊为比赛的胜利者。【辨析】

The popular actress declared recently that she would marry a rich gentleman and retire from the stage．那个女明星最近宣称要嫁给一个富人然后退出舞台。

Everyone was silent as he announced the winner of the boxing competition．当他宣布拳击比赛的优胜者时，大家都静静地倾听。

10．It was then that Claire realized that Tony had opened the curtains of the front window．(P12) 也就是在这个时候，克莱尔才意识到托尼早就把前边窗户的窗帘拉开了。

此句为强调句型。强调句型的结构为“it is／was+ 被强调部分+that／who+其他”。强调句可以强调句子的主语、宾语或状语(该句强调的是状语)，被强调的可以是名词、代词，也可以是短语或句子。

I came across Jim in the park yesterday．昨天我在公园偶遇Jim。

→It was l that／who came across Jim in the park yesterday．(强调主语)

→It was in the park that I came across Jim yesterday．(强调地点状语)

【提示】如果强调主语，that／who后的谓语与该主语在人称和数上保持一致。

【归纳】

When is it that they will leave for Beijng? 他们什么时候动身去北京?

It was not until she spoke that I realized she was Mary．直到她开口说话我才认出她是玛丽。

【学以致用】

①(2010·湖南高考)John's success has nothing to do with good luck．It is years of hard work_______ has made him what he is today．

A．why B．when C．which D．that

②(2010·安徽高考)It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village

______the hostess cooked such a nice dinner．

A．where B．that C when D．which

11. She shouted“Leave me alone” and ran to her bed．(P12) 她高声嚷着：“让我独自待会儿!”就跑上床了。

leave…alone 不管；别惹；让……一个人待着

Please leave my personal affairs alone．请别管我的私事。

I told him to leave my things alone．我告诉他别乱动我的东西。

【拓展】

Oh，no，I left my wallet behind in the kitchen．哦，天哪，我把钱包落在厨房里了。

Let's start again from where we left off．让我们从停下的地方重新开始。

It's fine with me if you leave out the chili powder．不放辣椒粉我也可以。

【辨析】

Leave sth．／forget sth．

I left my keys in my office．我把钥匙忘在办公室了。

Don't forget your bag when you get off．下车时别忘了你的包。

period Ⅲ Learning about Language

新知坐标

1、He felt happy when his boss stated that he could set aside some time for exercise．(P13) 当他的老板说他可以节省一些时间进行体育锻炼的时候，他感到很高兴。

(1)state vt．陈述；宣布

He stated the unpleasant facts barely

．他不加掩饰地陈述了令人不快的事实。 The witness stated that she had never seen Mr．Smith．证人说她从未见过史密斯先生。【拓展】

There are fears for the state of Greece economy．人们对希腊的经济状况很担心。

Having received a good treatment in the hospital，he is now in a good state of health．在医院接受良好治疗后，他现在健康状况良好。

(2)set aside 将……放在一边；为……节省和保留(钱或时间)

This problem is a little difficult so we should set it aside．这个问题有点难，因此，我们应把它放在一边。

Now most of middle-aged couples have to set aside some money for the future．现在大多数中年夫妇不得不为将来存一些钱。

【拓展】

We set about clearing up the mess．我们开始把乱七八糟的东西打扫干净。

We set out to paint the whole house but finished only the front part．我们为粉刷整座房子开始干起来，但只完成了前面部分。

2．There were sixty in all．(P14) 共有60人。

in all 一共；总计

In all，I have three pieces of good news for you．我共有三条好消息要告诉你。

There were a hundred persons in all for dinner．共有

100人吃饭。

【拓展】

Christmas is，above all，a family festival．圣诞节首先是个家庭节日。

Don't blame him；after all he is a child．别怪他，他毕竟是小孩子嘛。

As a matter of fact，I didn't know him at all．事实上，我根本不认识他。

语法专讲

被动词态和动词不定式的被动形式

一、被动语态的概念及构成

当动作的执行者(也叫发出者)作句子的主语时，谓语动词使用主动语态；当动作的承受者(也叫动作的对象)作句子的主语时，谓语动词要使用被动语态(不及物动词没有被动语态)。被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成，被动句的时态通过助动词be的变化来体现，如下表(以动词clean为例说明)。

二、不定式被动语态的语法功能

三、不定式的主动形式表示被动意义的几种常见结构

1．动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系，不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。

I have a lot of things to do this afternoon．今天下午我有许多事要做。

I'll go to the post office．Do you have a letter to be posted? 我要去邮局。你有信要寄吗?

2．在there be…句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动式作定语，重点在人；用被动形式作定语，重点在物。

There is no time to lose (to be lost)．

3．be to blame 常用主动表示被动。

Who is to blame for starting the fire? 谁应为放火受责备?

He isn't to blame．他不该受责备。

4．在某些“形容词十不定式”作表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。

This problem is difficult to work out．这个问题很难计算出来。

5．在too…to…结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。

This book is too expensive(for me)to buy．这本书太贵，我买不起。

真题赏析

1．(2010·重庆高考)Many buildings in the city need repairing，but the one_____ first is the library．

A．repaired B．being repaired C．repairing D．to be repaired 2．(2010·重庆高考)The palace caught fire three times in the last century，and little of the original building now．

A．remains B．is remained C．is remaining D．has been remained 3．(2010．全国卷1)The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _________．

A．is made B．would make C. was to be made D．had made

Period IV Using Language

1，Who said that making a robot so much like a man was bound to cause trouble?(P15) 谁说生产与人如此想像的机器人一定会造成麻烦?

be bound to一定做…

You've done so much work that you are bound to pass the exam．你下了这么大的工夫．考试绝对没问题。

I am bound to Iet you into the secret．我一定要让你知道这个秘密。

【搭配】

Kate is bound and determined to win at least five races this year．凯特下定决心今年至少要夺取5项比赛冠军。

2．In 1942 he joined the staff of the Philadelphia Navy Yard as a junior chemist and worked there for three years．(P16) 1942年他成为费城海军造船厂的一名初级化学师，并在那里工作了三年。

(1)staff n. 全体员工；手杖

He has a large staff of50．他属下职员多达50人。

The staff in this shop are very helpful. 这家店里的店员很热心。 He has a wooden staff．他有一根木制手杖。

【搭配】

The full-time staff of this college is／are excellent．这所大学在职教师都是出类拔萃的。

【提示】 staff 作“全体员工”讲时，是集合名词。作主语时若强调整体，谓语用单数；若强调个体，则谓语用复数。

【拓展】

(2)junior adj．较年幼的；资历较浅的；地位较低的；n.年少者；晚辈；等级较低者

He is junior to me by 3 years but l am junior to him in the company．他比我小3岁，但在公司里的资历(职位)却比我高。

【拓展】

She married a man seven years her junior．她嫁给了一个比她小7岁的男人。

Most men had no problems taking orders from women senior to them in command．大多数男人都能接受比他们级别高的女人的命令。

Today's computers are superior to anything we had ten years ago．如今的计算机比10年前的任何一台计算机的功能都高级。

【归纳】

3. It was when Asimov was eleven years old that his talent for writing became obvious ．(P16) 当阿西莫夫十一岁的时候他写作的才能就开始显现了。

(1)这是一个强调句，强调了时间状语从句when Asimov was …。 该句可还原为 His talent for writing became obvious when Asimov was eleven years old 。

It was on the March 12th that we went to the hill to plant 100 trees ． 就是在3月12日我们去山上种了100棵树。

(2)talent n ．天才；特殊能力；才干

He had n talent for music ．他有音乐天赋。

He used his talents and abilities to the full ． 他充分施展了他的才能。 【拓展】

Amanda has (a) talent for painting ． 阿曼达有绘画天赋。 【拓展】

He's a talented and wise man of our time ．他是一位当代俊杰。

I foresee a bright future for that talented young woman ．我预见到那个有才能的年轻女子前程灿烂。

She was an extremely gifted poet ．她是—位很有天赋的诗人。 【辨析】

ability ／talent

We have faith in her ability to handle this affair ．我们相信她有能力处理这件事。 She has no talent ／gift for music ．她没有音乐才能。

The young artist is a real talent ．那位年轻的艺术家是个真正的天才。 【学以致用】

选词填空(talent/ability)

①His______ was largely self-developed ．

②He owes his success more to luck than to_____.

4，Soon after his divorce in 1973，Asimov married again but he had no children with his second wife ．(P16)

1973年离婚后不久，阿西莫夫又结婚了，但是他与第二任妻子没有生育儿女。 divorce n ．离婚；断绝关系vt ．与……离婚；与……脱离 Their marriage ended in divorce ． 他们的婚姻以离婚收场。

They advocated a complete divorce of government and religion ．他们主张政教完全分离。

She's divorcing her husband because he's addicted to alcohol ．因为丈夫酗酒，她要利他离婚。 【拓展】

You cannot divorce science from ethical questions ． 你不能把科学同伦理问题分开。 5．A robot must obey the orders given to it by human beings ．(P18) 机器人必须服从人发给它的命令。

obey vt.& v ．服从，顺从；执行(命令)

All citizens must obey the law

． 所有公民必须遵守法律。 【搭配】

I can't help but obey the order ． 我没办法，只好服从命令。 We should obey the law ． 我们应当遵守法律。 Everyone must obey the rule ．人人都必须遵守制度。

【拓展】

【学以致用】

We find it impossible to_________ with the latest safety regulations．

A．accord B．unify C．obey D．comply

【随堂作业】

单项填空：

1. Dr. Carlos is fully_________ to painting so that he is determined to take it up after he retires.

A. attached

B. devoted

C. absorbed

D. related

2. ________we get on well with a number of people, we are usually making friends with only

a few.

A. While

B. Since

C. If

D. As long as

3. As is known_______ us, the actress is famous_________ her excellent performance.

A. for; as

B. to; for

C. as; for

D. to; as

4. Nearly every teacher likes students who_________ and save a lot of trouble, although he knows that such students may lack the creative potentiality.

A. fight

B. refuse

C. resist

D. obey

5. The factory now employs__________.

A. sixty staff of members

B. sixty members of staff

C. sixty staffs

D. sixty staff members

6. John felt______ Katherine about the job, even though he didn't want to work with her.

A. bounded to tell

B. bound to tell

C. bound to telling

D. bounded to telling

7. The moment we heard the news of the earthquake, we ________the work to rescue those who were trapped in the buildings.

A. set off

B. set down

C. set up

D. set about

8. My sister is three years ________to me, but she is more helpful to my parents. A. younger B. junior C. earlier D. smaller

9. After they got _______ ,he never remarried.

A. divorced

B. divorce

C. divorcing

D. to divorce

10. Many policemen are ________the forest _______the prisoner escaping from the prison.

A. searching for; searching

B. searching; searching

C. searching; in search of

D. in search for; searching for

Unit 3 Under the sea

Period I Warming Up, Reading & Comprehending (I)

Step 1 语篇理解

1. Wha t’s the main idea of this passage?

A. About a big fish which helped the fish men.

B. About great whales which helped the whalers.

C. About the whalers who were surviving on the sea.

D. About the whale station where the whalers could catch the whales.

2. Who first shouted that the killer was coming?

A. The writer.

B. James.

C. George.

D.Old Tom

3. Which of the following is TRUE?

A. The killers sometimes harmed the whalers.

B. Old Tom was 70 years old.

C. Old Tom never did favor for the whalers.

D. Old Tom and his friends were helpful to the whalers.

4．Why did the killers，throw their bodies on the top Of the

whale’s b1ow—ho1e?

A．To protect the whale.

B．TO help the whale run away．

C．TO stop the whale breathing．

D．TO tell Other killers to come closer．

5．What happened to James?

A．He Suddenly caught a big fish．

B．He Suddenly fell into the sea．

C．He helped the injured Old Tom．

D．A whale attacked him and he died．

Period Ⅱ Warming Up, Reading (Ⅱ)

l. It was a time when the killer whales，or “killer” as they were then called，helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration．(P19) 那个时期，虎鲸(那时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。 (1)as可以代替整个主句或主句的一部分所表达的内容，引导非限制性定语从句，置于主句的前、中、后均可，意为“正如……”。

As everyone knows，China is a beautiful country with a long history．众所周知，中国是一个有着悠久历史的美丽国家，

This man，as you know，is good for nothing．

这个人，正如你所知道的，一事无成。

Tom works hard and is willing to help others，as we all know．

汤姆于作努力，并且乐于助人，这一点我们都知道。

(2)annual adj．每年的；按年度计算的n．年刊；年鉴

The firm has an annual turnover of 75 million．

该公司的年营业额为7500万。

Mr．Watson's annual income is 10,000 yuan．

沃森先生的年收入为一万元。

【拓展】

They celebrate their wedding anniversary annually.

他们每年都庆祝结婚纪念日。

2. I thought，at the time，that this was just a story but then I witnessed it with my own eyes many times．(P20)

当时，我以为这只是一个故事罢了，但是后来我亲眼看见了，而且见过多次。

witnessed vt.当场见到，目击n．目击者；证人；证据

Did you witness the accident?

你亲眼见到那次事故了吗?

The police found the witness，to the murder case．

警察找到下那件谋杀案的目击者。

A receipt is the witness that the bill has been paid．

收据是付过钱的证据。

【拓展】

He is the witness to the accident ．他是事故的日击者。

The old man gave witness on behalf of an accused person ．那位老人为被告作证。 3．On the afternoon I arrived at the station ，as I was sorting out my accommodation ，I heard a loud noise coming from the bay ．(P20)

有天下午，我来到(捕鲸)站，正在整理住所的时候，听 到从海湾那边传来一阵喧闹声。 accommodation n ．房间，住所；膳宿，住宿

The price for the holiday includes accommodation ． 度假费用包括住宿费。

Universities have to provide accommodations for first year students

． 大学不得不为(大)一年级的学生提供膳宿。 【搭配】

The university offers excellent accommodations for summer visitors ． 这所大学为夏季来访者提供了好的住宿。。

【提示】 英国英语中accommodation 表“住处”是不可数名词，但美国英语中表“住宿”时用accommodations 。 【拓展】

I accommodated him with money ．我借钱给他。 The hotel can only accommodate 200 people ． 这个旅馆只能容纳200人。

Each of the people in our school is polite and accommodating ．我校每个人都很有礼貌，乐于助人。

4. We ran down to the shore in time to see an enormous animal opposite US throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again ．(P20)

我们及时赶到岸边。看到对面有一个庞大的动物猛力跃出海面．然后又坠落到水里。 opposite prep ．在……对面adj. 相对的；相反的 n ．对立；对立的人或物 We stayed in a hotel opposite a large supermarket ． 我们住在对面是一家大型超市的旅馆里。

The taxi driver hurried away in the opposite direction ．

出租车司机驱车朝相反方向疾施而去。

He is honest and hardworking ，but his twin brother is the complete opposite ． 他诚实、勤奋，但他的孪生兄弟恰恰相反。 【搭配】

Idealism is opposite from materialism ． 唯心论和唯物论是对立的。 His store is opposite to mine ．

他的店在我的对面。 【拓展】

5 Without pausing we jumped into the boat with the other whalers and headed out into the bay ．(P20)

没有停顿，我们和其他的捕鲸人都跳上船，朝海湾开去。 pause vt.暂停；中止n ．[C ]暂停；中止

He paused for breath and then continued climbing ． 他停下来喘了口气，然后继续爬IIJ 。

We worked for four hours without a pause ． 我们连续工作了四个小时。 【搭配】

We worked for four hours without pause．

我们连续工作了四个小时

6．“．．．And those others are stopping it diving or fleeing out to sea，”Ceorge told me，pointing towards the hunt．(P20)

“……另外那些虎鲸不让它潜入水里逃走．”乔治指着捕鲸行动，告诉我。

flee vt.&.vt.逃跑，逃离；逃避

Many German artists fled to America at the beginning of World WarⅡ．二战初期，很多德国艺术家逃到了美国。

Earthquake victims have been forced to flee their homes．

地震灾民被迫逃离了他们的家园。

【搭配】

Color fled from her cheeks．

红晕从她的双颊上消失了。

【提示】flee的过去式、过去分词和现在分词分别为：fled，fled，fleeing；通常用作不及物动词故无被动形式。

【辨析】

The enemy were fleeing in all directions．敌人四处逃窜。

The fish escaped from the net．鱼儿逃出了网。

7...its body was dragged swiftly by the killers down into the depths of the sea．(P20) ……它的尸体被虎鲸拖到深海里去了。

(1)drag vt．拖；拉；扯 He grabbed her and dragged her away.

他抓住她，把她拖走了。

The horse was dragging a heavy load．

马拖着重载。

The police have been accused of dragging their feet on the investigation．警察被指控迟迟不进行调查。

Fuhr said that losing his job dragged him and his whole family down．富尔说失业令自己和全家感到伤心。

【辨析】

We dragged the fallen tree out of the road．

我们把倒下的树从路上拖走。

After some time，he began to draw the net in．

过了一些时候，他开始收网。

Help me move the piano over here；you push and I will pull．帮我把那儿的钢琴搬过来，你用力推，我来拉。

(2)depth n．深(度)；深处

The pond is no more than a metre in depth．

这个池塘最多1米深。

These creatures live in the depth of the ocean．

这些生物生活在海洋深处。

【拓展】

8．“Man overboard !Turn the boat around!”urged George ，shouting loudly ．(P20) 乔治大声喊道：“有人落水了!把船头调回去!” urge vt ．催促，极力主张；驱策 They urged us to go at once ． 他们催促我们马上去。

My friends urged that 1(should)apply for the job ． 朋友们极力主张我申请那份工作。

We urged the school team on with loud cheers ． 我们大声助威，激励校队拼搏。

【提示】urge 后面的宾语从句通常用虚拟语气的形式，即“(should+)动词原形”。 【搭配】

They urged us to go right now ．

他们催促我们马上去。

She could hear him urging her on as she ran past ． 她跑过他面前的时候，听到他在为她加油。 【拓展】

These people are in urgent need relief ．

这些人急需救济。

She was speaking to him in urgent voice ． 她正急迫地跟他说话。 【学以致用】

①They urged that the library during the vacation ． A ．would be kept opening B ．be kept open C ．to be kept opened D ．was kept open

②It was urgent that he her immediately.

A. calls

B. called

C. call

D. would call

9. From James ’s face, I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us.(P21) 从詹姆斯的脸上我能看出他非常恐慌，生怕被我们遗弃。 abandon vt ．放弃；遗弃；抛弃

His family depended on his salary but he had to abandon his job because his illness ． 他全家都依靠他的工资生活，但由于生病，他不得不放 弃这份工作。

People critisized him for he abandoned his wife when he became famous ． 当他出名后他抛弃了妻子，因而遭到了人们的指责。 【搭配】

He abandoned his plan ．他放弃了他的计划。

She abandoned herself to despair ．她陷入绝望之中。 The girls jumped and shouted with abandon ． 那些女孩子尽情地又跳又叫。 【拓展】

They shouted in wild abandon．

他们放肆地大声喊叫。

There was an abandoned house by the riverside．

河边有一所无人居住的房子。

Her abandonment of the idea upset him．

她放弃了这一想法，他很不高兴。

【辨析】

Fearing further attacks，most of the population ha abandoned the city．由于害怕遭受更多的袭击，大多数人已经逃离这座城市。

The soldier deserted his country and helped the enemy.

那个士兵叛国助敌。

I looked everywhere for the keys-finally I just gave up.

我到处找钥匙—最终只好放弃。

I’m grateful to Tom , because he is always when I’m in trouble.

A. working out

B. helping out

C. turning out

D. making out

Period Ⅲ Learning about Language

新知坐标

F irst，not only target fish are caught in the net，but many other sea animals are found hanging there．(P23)

首先，不仅仅要捕的鱼被困在网内，许多别的海洋动物也被发现挂在网上。

target n．目标；靶；受批评的对象v

．以……为目标 His target is to save $ 100；week．

他的目标是每周储蓄一百美元。

He aimed at the target，fired and missed it．他瞄准靶子开火，却未打中。

【搭配】 The enemy's missiles were targeted at/on the city．

敌方的导弹瞄准了这座城市。

【学以致用】

The school advisers help you talk through your problems but they don't give you any direct .

A．solution D．target C measure D．function

语法专讲

动词-ing的被动结构

动词-ing 具体可以分成动名词与现在分词，它们是两个不同的概念，在句中起不同的作用。现就两种概念的被动形式分别进行学习。

一、动名词的被动形式

当一个动名词逻辑上的主语所表示的是这动作的对象时，动名词要用被动形式。

【提示】1.在want, need, deserve, require 等动词后，总是用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于“to be +过去分词”。

My watch needs repairing/to be repaired.

我的手表需要修理。

These young tress require looking after carefully.

这些小树需要细心照料。

2.be worth 后的动名词要用主动表被动。

The book is well worth reading .这本书很值得一读。

She’s not worth getting angry with.

犯不着跟她生气。

二、现在分词的被动形式

当要表示一个被动动作时，现在分词就用被动形式，现在分词的一般式和完成式均有被动式形式：现在分词一般式的被动式主要表示现在正在进行的动作，也可表示与谓语动词同时发生的动作；现在分词完成式的被动式则主要是表示在谓语动词之前已经完成的动作。

We saw her being taken to the operating room.

我们看见她被送到手术室。

Having been neglected for years , the house collapsed.

这所房子因长年无人问津而倒塌了。

1. many times ,he finally understood it.

A. Told

B. Telling

C. Having told

D. Having been told

2. His first book next month is based on a true story.

A. published

B. to be published

C. to publish

D. being published

3. I still remember to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.

A. to take

B. to be taken

C. taking

D. being taken

Period Ⅳ Using language

1. I'm sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day—a day of pure magic ! P24)

我坐在温暖的夜空下，手里拿着一瓶冷饮，回忆着当天的事情—这是神奇的一天!

(1)reflect vi.思考vt.映射；反射；思考

He looked at his face reflected in the mirror．

他看着镜子中自已的脸。

1 need time to reflect on your offer．

我需要时间来考虑你的建议。

【搭配】

The moon was reflected in the water．

月亮映照在水里。

The book reflected the author's thoughts on the matter．

这本书反映了作者自己对这件事的看法。【拓展】

The deer gazed at its reflection in the forest pool．

鹿凝视着它倒映在森林池塘巾的影子。

On/Upon reflection，we decided to buy that house．

经过慎重号虑，我们决定买下那所房子。

I accept it without reflection．

我不假思索就答应了

【辨析】

You should think before doing that．

做那事之前你应该考虑考虑。

He reflected before answering my question．

他在回答我的问题之前仔细考虑了一下。

(2)pure adj．纯的；纯粹的；纯净的；纯洁的；完全的

Is the cup made of pure gold?

这只杯子是纯金做的吗?

It was pure luck that he was at home when we called．

非常幸运，我们打电话时他在家。

2．The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding me-purples，reds，oranges， yellows，blues and greens．(P24)

我首先注意到的是我周围那些鲜艳的色彩—紫色、红色、橘黄、明黄、蓝色和绿色。

be/become aware of 对…知道、明白；意识到……

Most people are aware of the dangers of drinking and driving．

大多数人知道酒后开车的危险。

She didn't become aware of having done wrong．

她没有意识到做错事了。

【搭配】

As far as 1 am aware，they are a happy couple．

据我所知，他们是对幸福的一对。

I’

m well aware that this is a risky investment．

我很清楚这项投资风险很大。

【提示)】 aware后可接疑问词引导的从句，这时of可省略，但在what从句前必须用of. 【搭配】

People gradually develop an awareness of the importance of education．人们逐渐意识到了教肓的重要性。

Much forest has been cut down for lack of environmental awareness in the past

few years．在过去的几年里由于缺乏环保意识大片森林被砍伐。

(辨析)

aware／conscious

One may be conscious of fear，but not altogether aware of the danger which is going on about one．

人们可能会心感恐惧，但是不能全然觉察到周围将要发生什么危险。

3．It seemed there was a surprise waiting for me around every corner as I explored small caves，shelves and narrow passages with my underwater flashlight．．．(P24) 当我用水下探照灯在小石洞、暗礁和窄通道之间探索时，似乎每个角落都有惊喜等待着我…… (1)本名结构较为复杂，seemed 后接表语从句there was a surprise waiting for me around every corner．．．；现在分词短语waiting for me around every corner作定语修饰surprise；as 引导时间状语从句。

(2)narrow adj．狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的；勉强的

v．(使)变窄．

Don't live in a narrow circle of friends．

不要生活在狭小的朋友圈里。

The river narrows at this point．

河流在这个地方变窄了。

【搭配】

She has a narrow mind．她心胸狭隘。

He had a narrow escape when his car skidded on the ice．

车在冰上打滑，他险些小事。

We should narrow down the difference between town and countryside.

我们应缩小城乡差异。

【学以致用】

单项填空

①The final score of the basketball match was 93—94．We were only beaten．

A．nearly B．slightly C．narrowly D．lightly

4．.．．the yellow and green parrotfish was hanging upside down，and sucking tiny plants off the coral with its hard bird-like mouth．．．(P24)

……黄绿相间的鹦嘴鱼倒挂着，用鸟儿一样的硬嘴去吸吮珊瑚上的微小植物……

upside down adj．& adv．上下翻转；颠倒的(地)；乱七八糟的(地)

You're holding the book upside down．

你把书拿颠倒了。

【拓展】

Dip the pretzels in salt，then place them right side up on a baking sheet．将棒状饼干在盐卫蘸一蘸，然后将其正面朝上置于烘烤板上。

I've turned the house upside down looking for that book!

为了找那本书我把屋子翻了个底朝天!

She had her shirt on inside out．她把衬衫穿反了。

5．Then there were two grey reef sharks，each about one and a half metres long，which suddenly appeared from behind some coral．(P24)

然后还有两条灰色的珊瑚鲨，每条大约有1.5米长，它们突然从珊瑚礁后面游了出来。

独立主格结构each about one and a half metres long在此句中作状语。

【拓展】

The old man sat in the sofa，his face serious．

老人坐在沙发上，面容严肃。

He came in，a dictionary in his hand．

他走了进来，手里拿着一本词典。

【归纳】

Time permitting，we'd better have a rest this weekend. If time permits，we'd better have a rest this weekend．如果时间允许，本周末我们最好休息一下。

【学以致用】

单项填空

②The thief fell to the ground，his left foot and blood down from his mouth． A．breaking；running B．broken；running C. breaking；run D．broken；run

6．I told myself they weren't dangerous but that didn't stop me from feeling scared to death for a moment!(P24)

我自言自语地说它们并不危险，但是那一点儿也不能抑制我一时怕得要死的恐惧心情!

(be)scared to death 吓得要死

I was almost scared to death when he told me there was a snake in my sleeping bag．

当他告诉我我的睡袋里有条蛇时，我几乎吓死了。

【拓展】

The sudden scream scared me to death．

突如其米的尖叫把我吓得要此。

The guard dog scared away the thief by barking．

看门狗大声吠叫吓走了窃贼。

【提示】下列词组中的to，均为介词，都表示达到某种结果：

starve to death饿死

beat sb．to death打死某人

sentence sb．I to death判某人死刑

be tired to death累极了

be bored to death烦透了

【学以致用】

She was scared the yard because she was scared by the fierce dog at the gate． A．to go into；to be bitten；lay

B．of going into; to bite；laying

C．of going into；to be bitten；lay D．to go into；of being bitten；lying

7.What a wonderful，limitless world it was down there!(P24)

这个海底世界是多么美妙，多么漫无边际啊!

本句是what引出的感叹句。英语中的感叹句可用

what和how来引出。

What a clever boy (he is)!

他是一个多么聪明的男孩啊!

感叹句的常用结构：

What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!

What+形容词+不可数名词/可数名词复数(+主语+谓语)!

How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数(+主语斗谓语)!

How+形容词/副词(+主语+谓语)!

What fine weather (it is)! 多么好的天气啊!

How beautiful a park (it is)! 多美的一个公园啊!

How interesting! 多有趣啊!

Ⅱ．单项填空

1.We were in when we left that we forgot the airline tickets．

A．a rush so anxious

B．a such anxious rush

C so an anxious rush

D．such an anxious rush

2．I stopped to listen；my son seemed himself shut in the living room．

A．enjoying B．enjoys C．being enjoying D．to be enjoying

3．Don't ho1d the bottle to keep the water from dripping．

A．upright B．upside down C．inside out D．upward

4．Many car accidents happened at this turn of the road．

A．sharp B．urgent C．immediate D．quick

5．Sean’s strong love for his country is in his recently published poems．

A．reserved B．reflected C．responded D．recovered

6．The people at the party were worried about Susan because no one was aware she had gone．

A．where that H．of where C．the place where D．the place

7．When he came to，he found himself on a chair，with his hand back．

A．to sit；tying B．sitting；tying C．seating；tied D．seated；tied

8．Hearing the sound of the tiger，the hunter was too breathe at all．

A．scaring；scared B．scared；searing C．scaring；scaring D．scared；scared

9. They met the year’s production two months ahead of time.

A. purpose

B. cause

C. reason

D. target

10.The woman had a escape in the car accident yesterday.

A. sharp

B. pure

C. narrow

D. vivid

Unit 4 Sharing

Period I Warming Up, Reading & Comprehending (I)

Step 1 语篇理解

1. What’s the main idea of the letter?

A. Jo told Rosemary what she had done and seen in Papua New Guinea.

B. Jo advised us to come to Papua New Guinea.

C. Jo encouraged her friend to live in Papua New Guinea.

D. Jo introduced the local people’s battle against their enemy.

2. We may infer from the text that Tombe’s family ?

A. seldom met strangers

B. had the same belief as Jo

C. had a bad relationship with their neighbors

D. talked warmly with Jo when they saw her

3. What can be concluded from the text?

A. Jo could understand Tombe’s family very well.

B. The conditions of the school were poor.

C. Tomb e’s family were living a comfortable life.

D. Jo probably gave her lessons in the local language of Papua New Guinea.

4. Wich of the following statements about Tombe’s family is NOT true?

A. Tombe’s family was rich.

B. There was little food in Tombe’s house.

C. There was a fire in Tombe’s house.

D. They had a good relationship with their neighbors.

PeriodⅡ Warming Up & Reading(Ⅱ)

1. It was wonderful to hear from you.(P29)

收到你的信真是太高兴了。

(1)It+be+adj.+(for sb.)to do sth.(结某人来说)做……是……的。it 作形式主语，（for sb.）to do sth.作真正的主语。

It is important for you to learn English well.

学好英语对你很重要。

It is impolite for him to say so．他这样说是不礼貌的。

(2)hear from接到……的信

All his family jumped with joy when he heard from Shandong University．当他收到山东大学的来信的时候，他全家都高兴得跳起来。

【提示】 hear from的宾语是发信人，write to sb．或write sb．/write sb．a letter的宾语是收信人。

【拓展】

I have never heard of a man with the name John．

我从来没听况过一个名叫约翰的人。

We were all sorry to hear that Samaranch，the former International Olympic Committee Priesident，died off a heart disease．

听说前同际奥委会主席萨马兰奇因心脏病去世，我们都很难过

2．I know you're dying to hear all about my life here，so I've included some photos which will help you picture the places' talk about．(P29)

我知道你急于了解我在这儿的生活情况，因此，我在信中附有几张照片，能够帮助你想象出我所谈到的地方。

(1)so是并列连词，连接两个并列分句，表示因果关系。

which will help you picture the places l talk about是关系代词which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词photos，which在定语从句中作主语；I talk about是关系代词which/that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词places，which/that在定语从句中作介问about的宾语，因此可以省略。

The story which/that was written by him is very interesting．他写的故事很有趣。

1 will tell you the secret l know．

我会把我知道的秘密个告诉你。

(2)(be) dying to极想；渴望

He is dying to have a toy car，

他极想拥有一辆玩具车。

The Chinese people are dying to develop the economy．

中国人民渴望发展经济。

【拓展】

I'm dying for a cup of coffee．我非常想喝杯咖啡。

I'm dying of thirst．Do you have anything to drink?

我快渴死了，你有喝的东西吗?

Smallpox has completely died out in this country．

天花在这个国家已经绝迹了。

【提示】表示“渴望”的常用短语有：

long to do sth./for sb.

desire to do sth. /for sth．

Be eager to do sth．/for sth．

be dying to do sth./for sth

3．The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when，before I knew it，the mixture was bubbling over everywhere!(P29)

有一天，我正给男孩子们做每周一次的化学实验的演示，我还没明白怎么回事，混合剂就到处冒气泡了!

(1)was/were doing．．．when．．．正在做……，这时(或那时)(突然)……

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