Will UK politics ever wake up to the we

Will UK politics ever wake up to the web? [campaigns' use of web, FR amateur attack dogs]

The Guardian [UK] ^| 11/08/04 | Paul Carr

Posted on 2004年11月8日下午2:26:23 by conelrad

It's been almost a week since John Kerry conceded victory in the US election, and I still feel sick to the pit of my stomach. And what made me sickest of all was the fact that Bush's victory was achieved, in large part, thanks to the internet. My dear, beloved, traitorous internet.

There's no doubt that the most important foreign election in any of our lifetimes was also the first to be significantly influenced by new media. Kerry and Bush both committed sizeable chunks of their war chests to building vast, all-singing, all-dancing campaign websites. These official sites had two key roles: to keep existing supporters on-message and to win over floating voters using mean-spirited video clips about their opponents' Vietnam records. And very impressive they were too.

But that was only part of the candidates' official web strategies. All across cyberspace, Bush and Kerry spent massive amounts on carefully targeted banner advertising.

John Kerry hit upon the brilliant idea of flooding high-traffic sites with targeted ads straight after the big televised debates. His reasoning - that the moment the debates finished, hundreds of thousands of undecided voters would flood on to the web in search of background information to help them make up their minds. The candidate with the most ads would grab the most eyeballs and therefore the most votes, so the theory went.

But Dick Cheney went one step further - during a televised debate he supported one of his arguments by encouraging voters to visit the bipartisan anti-spin site, https://www.wendangku.net/doc/758008394.html,. Unfortunately for the hapless vice-president, he gave the URL as https://www.wendangku.net/doc/758008394.html,, sending millions of potential voters to the official weblog of George Soros, a fierce critic of Bush.

And the official sites and advertising banners were small potatoes compared with the unofficial on line campaigning. Film-maker Michael Moore made his anti-Bush hate-umentary, Fahrenheit 9/11, available for download the

day before the election to try to convince floating voters to come out against Bush, while the Democratic pressure group, https://www.wendangku.net/doc/758008394.html,, invited its users to create 60-second videos giving reasons why Bush shouldn't win a second term.

And yet win he did. Why? Because, while the Democrat supporters had right on their side, the Republican supporters were far, far better at fighting dirty. Conservative mega-sites such as https://www.wendangku.net/doc/758008394.html, galvanised their hundreds of thousands of visitors into an army of amateur attack dogs - ready to yap and snap the moment a foolish journalist wrote anything bad about Bush. Woe betide any TV reporter who didn't check his facts properly before claiming that George W didn't finish his national guard service. And pity any liberal British newspaper that launched an online campaign to convince the voters of a small county in Ohio of the merits of a Kerry administration. The mass yapping and snapping worked like a charm - making even the most fearless journalists think twice before they questioned Bush's suitability for a second term.

But at least American political parties know what the internet is, unlike their British counterparts. Just look at the official sites of the big three parties. Labour's site (https://www.wendangku.net/doc/758008394.html,) looks so amateurish that it should probably be hosted on Geocities, while the Liberal Democrats' online home (https://www.wendangku.net/doc/758008394.html,) is all garish yellow boxes and dull transcripts.

In fact, only the Tories have put together anything resembling a professional web presence - but where are all the innovative viral campaigns and inspiring video clips so beloved of our American cousins? Where are the talking points and official blogs to get potential voters motivated? Where's the reason for anyone other than activists to visit any of these sites and to get involved in the democratic process?

Hopefully the outcome of the American election will wake British politicians up to the potential for the internet to seriously affect the outcome of elections. In these dissatisfied times, it's highly likely that the first British party to drag itself into the 21st century and properly embrace the web will soak up undecided voters come the next general election. Meanwhile any party that continues to ignore the power of the internet will do so at its electoral peril. Because, after all, in the kingdom of the bland, the wired candidate is king.

初级商务英语阅读理解试题

初级商务英语阅读理解试题 为了让大家更好的准备商务英语BEC考试，给大家整理了初级商务英语阅读理解试题,下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。 初级商务英语阅读理解试题(1) A friend of mine was fond of drawing horse. He drew the horses very well,but he always began the tail. Now it is the Western rule to begin at the head of the horse, that is why I was surprised. It struck me that it could not really make any difference whether the artist begins at the head or the tail or the belly(肚子) or the foot of the horse, if he really knows his business. And most great artists who really kn ow their business do not follow other people’s rule.They make their own rules. Every one of them does his work in a way peculiar(奇特的) to himself; and the peculiarity means only that he finds it more easy to work in that way. Now the very same thing is true to literature(文学). And the question, "How shall I begin?" only means that you want to begin at the head instead of beginning at the tail or somewhere else. That is,

商务英语阅读(第二版)词汇汇总

Unit 1 1. 显著经济增长、significant economic growth 2. 将银行业与汽车业国有化nationalizing the banking and car industries 3. 削减房贷cut back on housing loans 4. 收购国内外资产buying up new assets at home and abroad 5. 大幅提升盈利能sharply raising profitability 6. 获得动力gain momentum 7. 小幅升值a modest appreciation 8. 下岗工人laid-off workers 9. 摸着石头过河crossing the river by feeling for stones 10. 可持续增长的支柱the backbone of sustainable growth 11. 资金密集型行业capital-intensive sector 12. 放宽信贷loosen credit 13. 减少对出口的依赖reducing China's dependence on exports 14. 战略思考strategic thinking 15. 燃油补贴fuel subsidies 16. 解除价格管制deregulated prices 17. 休克疗法shock therapy 18. 支撑经济增长bolster economic growth 19. 经济刺激一揽子计划stimulus package 20. 精明（娴熟）的管理savvy management 21. 边远地区remote areas 22. 回应个人投诉answer individual complaints 23. 取消印花税scrapping the stamp tax 24. 振兴股市revive the stock market 25. 繁荣与稳定prosperity and stability 26. 内幕交易insider trading 27. 进行民意测验conduct public polls 28. 遭遇信贷危机experiencing a credit crisis Unit 2 1.The great depression in the 1930s 1930年的经济大萧 条 2.The old industrial economies 老工业经济体 3.The global economic and political elite 全球经济与 政治精英 4.Amass great wealth 产生巨大财富 5.Welfare states福利国家 6.Emerging economies 新兴经济体 7. A beggar-thy-neighbor populism 以邻为壑民粹主义 8.Double-dip recession 双底衰退 9.Sovereign-debt crisis 主权债务危机 10.The worst-case scenarios 最糟糕的情况 11.Bitter social unrest 激烈的社会动荡 12.Cutting public budgets 削减公共预算 13.Excessive stimulus 过度刺激计划

领先商务英语阅读4答案

Unit 1 Text A I. 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. N II. 1. D 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. D III.Open Text B I. 1. F 2. T 3. N 4. N 5. F II.Open III.Open Unit 2 Text A I. 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F 6.T II. 1. D 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. A III.Open Text B I. 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T II. 1. D 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. D III.Open Unit 3 Text A I. 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. F II. 1. D 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. B III.Open Text B I. 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. N 5. F II.Open III.Open Unit 4 Text A I. 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. F II. 1. B 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. C III.Open

Text B I. 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F II.Open III.Open Unit 5 Text A I. 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. T II. 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. D III.Open Text B I. 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. N II. 1. D 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B III.Open Unit 6 Text A I. 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. N 5. F II. 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. C III.Open Text B I. 1. F 2. N 3. N 4. F 5. F II.Open III.Open Unit 7 Text A I. 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. T II. 1. D 2. D 3. D 4. B 5. A III.Open Text B I. 1. F 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T II.Open III.Open

领先商务英语阅读 2

Key to the exercises Unit One Text A I.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses. 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T II. For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text. 1. C 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. D III. Questions for Discussion: Open Text B I.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses. 1. F 2. F 3. F 4. F 5. T II.Answer the following questions based on the text. Open III. Questions for Discussion: Open Unit Two Text A

商务英语阅读(第二版) 王关富 Unit13 private equity 课后答案

Unit 13 The Business of Making Money Exercises 1. Questions on the text: 1)What are the latest developments in private equity in recent years? Compared to the 1980s, the targets of today’s private equity groups are much bigger in size. In recent years, the private equity industry has raised record money and its share of mergers and acquisitions has grown massively. The industry has also become a byword for money-making skills but its wealth has also brought many enemies. 2)According to the article, what are the main inconveniences for a company to be a publicly quoted company? The main inconveniences for a publicly quoted company include: its executives have to face intrusive media coverage; it has to obey strict and long corporate-governance codes; it also has to face the threats of activist investors and short sellers and the scrutiny by some politicians. 3)What are the main reasons for a company to get listed on a stockmarket? Traditionally there are three main reasons to get a company’s share listed on a stockmarket. The first is to raise capital, either to expand the business or to allow the founders to realise their wealth. The second is to help retain staff, who can be offered share options as an incentive to stay and work hard. The third involves prestige; customers, suppliers and potential employees may be reassured (and attracted) by the apparent seal of approval given by a public listing. Meanwhile, being publicly listed gives a company better access to fund investors and retail investors. 4)Why are companies in the Anglo-Saxon economies reluctant to borrow from banks? Companies in the Anglo-Saxon economies were reluctant to borrow from banks because their often felt nervous about the possibility of the sudden withdrawal of credit from the banks, due to a change in lending policy, new management or an economic downturn. 5)According to the article, what are the main sources for today’s companies to raise money (including equity capital and debt)? Nowadays the main sources for companies to raise money are: first, equity market; second, banks, though much less important than they used to be; third, bond market; fourth, private equity. 6)How do private-equity firms respond to the problems identified by Professor Jensen with regard to public companies? Professor Jensen argued that the structure of a public company creates an inherent conflict between investors and the managers they hire to run the business, particularly with regard to the use of free cash flow. He also argued that

商务英语阅读2-1

Business English Extensive Reading (2) 商务英语阅读（2） Ⅰ. Reading Comprehension Directions: Choose the correct answers according to the information given from the passeges. Read the passages through carefully before making your choices. Please mark the corresponding leter for each item on Answer Sheet. Passage One: Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage． Henry Ford, the famous U.S. inventor and car manufacturer, once said, …The business of America is b usiness.” By this he meant that the U.S. way of life is based on the values of the business world. Few would argue with Ford?s statement. A brief glimpse at a daily newspaper vividly shows how much people in the United States think about business. For example, nearly every newspaper has a business section, in which the deals and projects, finances and management, stock prices and labor problems of corporations are reported daily. In addition, business news can appear in every other section. Most national news has an important financial aspect to it. Welfare, foreign aid, the federal budget, and the policies of the Federal Reserve Bank are all heavily affected by business. Moreover, business news appears in some of the unlikeliest places. The world of arts and entertainment is often referred to as “the entertainment industry” or “show business.” The positive side of Henry Ford?s statement can be seen in the prosperity that business has brought to U.S. life. One of the most important reasons so many people from all over the world come to live in the United States is the dream of a better job. Jobs are produced in abundance (大量地) because the U.S. economic system is driven by competition. People believe that this system creates more wealth, more jobs, and a materially better way of life. The negative side of Henry Ford?s statement, however, can be seen when the word business is taken to mean big business. And the term big business—referring to the biggest companies, is seen in opposition to labor. Throughout U.S. history working people have had to fight hard for higher wages, better working conditions, and the right to form unions. Today, many of the old labor disputes are over, but there is still some employee anxiety. Downsizing—the laying off of thousands of workers to keep expenses low and profits high -- creates feelings of insecurity for many. 1. The united States is a typical country ______. A) which encourages free trade at homes and abroad B) where people?s chief concern is how to make money C) where all businesses are managed scientifically D) which normally works according to the federal budget 2. The influence of business in the U.S. is evidenced by the fact that ______. A) most newspapers are run by big businesses B) even public organizations concentrate on working for profits C) Americans of all professions know how to do business D) even arts and entertainment are regarded as business 3. According to the passage, immigrants choose to settle in the U.S., dreaming that ______. A) they can start profitable businesses there B) they can be more competitive in business

商务英语阅读课后答案

商务英语阅读（课后练习答案） Chapter One: Economics Lesson One Ⅰ. Check your comprehension: Decide if the sentences are T or F. Write T or F before each sentence. Compare your answer with your pair. 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. F Ⅱ. Familiar yourself with the following key terms: A. Choose the statement that defines one of the business terms given below. 1. distribute 2. purchase 3. loan 4.resource 5.interest 6. supplier B. Identify the English expressions of the following Chinese terms. 1.unemployment rate 2.financial affairs 3.auto loan https://www.wendangku.net/doc/758008394.html,itary pursuits 5.civilian pursuits 6.raise money 7.medical care 8.economic concerns Ⅲ. Vocabulary practice: Filling in the blanks with the proper words or expressions you have learned from the text given below to finish the following sentences. 1. distributed 2. varying 3. economic 4. purchasing 5. resources 6. exchange 7.campaign 8. issue Ⅳ. Translation. 1．人类有多种需要和需求。经济学仅仅关注人的物质需求。这些需求可以通过消费商品来得到满足─或者是实货（有形商品，如食物），或者是服务（无形商品，如供热）。 2．所有的社会都存在三个共同的基本问题，即：生产什么、怎样生产和为谁生产。前两个问题代表的是生产，而第三个问题则代表的是分配。 3．人类的需要和需求几乎是无限的，然而不幸的是，人们发现自己的资源很缺乏。 4．经济学中最为古老的话题也许就是为什么有些国家富有，而其他国家贫穷。有一点没有异议，那就是在许多发展中国家里，受过高等教育的劳动者稀缺。 V. Oral Practice: Discussion the following two questions with your group members in English.（Omitted） Lesson Two Ⅰ. Check your comprehension: Decide if the sentences are T or F. Write T or F before each sentence. Compare your answer with your pair. 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T 6.F Ⅱ. Familiar yourself with the following key terms: Choose the statement that defines one of the business terms given below. 1.consumption 2. household 3. macroeconomic 4. inflation 5. workforce 6. revolutionary Ⅲ. Make sentences using the following words or patterns.

商务英语阅读 单词

第一课 1.illegal migrant 非法移民 2.guest workers 外来工人临时工人 3.unemployment rate 失业率 4.immigration policy 移民政策 5.permanent-resident status 永久居住权 6.foreign aid 外援 7.foreign direct investment 外国直接投资 8.private capital 私人资本 9.gross domestic product 国内生产总值 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/758008394.html,bor mobility 人员流动 11.think tank 智囊团 12.trickle down benefits 13.brain drain 人才外流 14.Home Secretary 内政大臣 15.work permits 工作许可 16.immigrant visa 移民签证 17.deportation program 驱逐出境 18.tourism revenues 旅游收入 19.hard currency 硬通货 20.infrastructure projects 基础建设项目 第二课 1.economic inequality 经济不平等 2.thought-experiment 假想 3.average incomes平均收入 4.industrial economies工业经济体、发达国家 5.international monetary fund国际货币基金组织 6.inflation-adjusted GDP 扣除涨价因素 7. a line of best fit最优曲线 8.global capitalism全球资本主义 9.living standard生活标准 10.national accounts国民账户 11.absolute terms绝对价值计算 12.acute poverty赤贫 13.head count人口数 14.consumption poverty消费贫困 15.income poverty收入贫困 16.national incomes国民收入 17.international economic integration国际经济一体 化 18.free market capitalism自由市场资本主义 19.household surveys家庭调查 20.income distribution收入分配第三课 1.fixed exchange rate 固定汇率 2.trade surplus 贸易顺差 3.free movement of goods货物的自由流通 4.currency convertibility 货币兑换 5.short-term cash flow 短期资金流 6.balance-of-payments 国际收支平衡 7.quota system 配额制 8.special drawing rights 特别提款权 9.debtor countries 债权国 10.power plants 发电厂 11.economic take-off 经济腾飞 12.soft loans 软贷款 13.member states 成员国 14.trade sanctions 贸易制裁 15.dispute settlement panel 争端解决委员会 16.most favored nation clause 最惠国待遇 17.national treatment clause 国民待遇条款 18.fresh water 淡水资源 19.multilateral trading system 多边贸易体系 20.old gold standard 旧的金本位 第四课 1.structure of power 权力结构 2.cold war system 冷战体系 3.sphere of influence 势力范围 4.regulated trade 管制贸易 5.iron curtain 铁幕 6.free-market capitalism自由市场资本主义 7.foreign direct investment 外国直接投资 8.cultural homogenization 文化同质化 9.technological breakthroughs 技术突破 10.mass-energy equation 智能方程 11.sumo wrestling 相扑 12.high-tech firm 高新企业 13.lose orders 失去订单 14.foreign reserves 外汇储备 15.long-term capital management长期资本管 理 16.Industry transforming 工业转型 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/758008394.html,munist camp 共产主义阵营 18.dominant ideas 主义意识形态 19.nuclear annihilation 核威慑 20.export-led growth 出口导向性增长

领先商务英语阅读1

领先商务英语阅读1》课后习题答案 Keys to the exercises Unit One

I. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. WriteT at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and Fif you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in thereading, write N in the parentheses. 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. N 6. T II.For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer basedon your understanding of the text. 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. A III. Questions for Discussion: Open Text B I. Decide whether each of the following statements is trueor false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you thinkit is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information isnot given in the reading, write N in the parentheses. 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. N 6. T II.Answer the following questionsbased on the text. Open III. Questions for Discussion:

《商务英语阅读》试题A

《商务英语阅读》试题 第1页（共 9页） 《商务英语阅读》试题 第2页（共9页） 试卷编号：8127 座位号 浙江广播电视大学2006年春季学期期末考试 《商务英语阅读》试题 2006年7月 Part I Multiple choice Complete the sentences by choosing from the words below each sentence （每小题1分，共20分） 1. The continued prosperity needs ___________. A. management B. corporation C. innovation 2. Asian car companies ________ to attract the discerning western buyers. A. develop cheaper cars B. produce competitive advantages C. turn to efficient methods 3. Accounting firms frequently _________ their audit clients. A. buy management skills from B. sell consulting services to C. provide audit assignment for 4. The person who is responsible for an individual bank is called _______. A. bank manager B. financial advisor C. accountant 5. _______ means using the Internet and a website to promote products or services. A. On-line support B. Web support C. Advertising on the web 6. Mass media promotion aims to influence public perception, not only target _____. A. competitors B. consumers C. products 7. Owing to both domestic circumstances and foreign influences, ______ is no longer the principal contradiction. A. production level B. class struggle C. socialist construction 8. Some organizations can completely redefine ______ they conduct business to achieve superior competitive advantage. A. what B. when C. how 9. By studying business, you can become ______ and investor and be a better employee. A. informed a consumer more B. informing more consumers C. a more informed consumer 10. The factors of supply and demand generally ______ the price that consumers pay producers for goods and services. A. add to B. influence C. cut down 11. Markets are ______ as consumer and industrial markets. A. classified B. classifying C. classifies 12. The ______ could be the precursor to a potential global monetary unit in the second half of the 21th century. A. euro monetary unit B. American dollar C. pound sterling 13. International business encompasses all business activities that involve _______. A. exchange within national boundaries B. exchanges outside national boundaries C. exchanges across national boundaries 14. A nation ?s ______ is the difference between the flow of money into and out of the nation. A. balance of trade B. balance of payments C. payment of balance 15. Labeling provides customers with product information, some of which is required by _____. A. law B. customer C. company 16. Human resources management decisions and policies should be based ________. A. on the requirements of a job B. by the job ?s requirements C. to a job management 17. The four types of corporate culture illustrate the relationship of ______. A. employees and how they look at their organizations. B. cultures and family C. incubator and businesses 18. Managers hired away from other firms may bring new ideas but may ____ existing employees. A. isolate themselves from B. integrated themselves with C. turn to 19. Organizational charts show employees where they _____.

商务英语阅读3

第3课 主课文译文 国界与壁垒 欧元真的能够使欧盟成为单一商业市场吗？ 欧元的深刻影响已清晰可见，1月1日之后，其更为深远的影响也将显露出来。然而，欧元本身的作用仅此而已。在欧洲建立一个真正的单一市场是一项更大的工程，尽管欧元在其中扮演着主要的角色，但最好还是将其看作是该工程的组成部分。许多单一货币对经济及商业产生何种影响的学术研究，恰好支持了上述观点。加州大学伯克利分校的经济学家安德鲁·罗斯（Andrew Rose）主持的一项实用系列研究显示：由于单一货币的出现，欧洲境内贸易量会很快增加一倍甚至两倍。倘若果真如此，欧洲将给众多对欧洲前景持悲观态度的人士以极大惊喜，因为这些人总是发出感慨，美国十年间非同寻常的经济发展让欧洲望尘莫及，使欧洲落后于美国十年之久。 然而，另一项重要的系列研究向人们揭示了为什么某种单一因素的改变，例如单一货币的引入，所产生的效果与最初的期望值存在差距。枫丹白露商学院（Insead）为法国名牌商学院，该院经济学家萨布玛尼·兰格（Subramanian Rangan）对全球化以及全球化对国际大型跨国公司的价格政策及货物来源进行了研究。他指出，象欧洲这样如此之大的地区，在实现经济一体化的进程中，关键的问题是要搞清楚国与国之间的边界会带来什么样的影响。他说：“当人们谈到一体化的时候，一定存在着一个将何种事物一体化的问题。而国与国边界造成的差异根深蒂固，不可能仅仅将诸多差异之一排除而使问题得到全面解决。” 这一论述很重要，因为该论述解释了为什么不能不顾其他经济因素而孤立地去看待欧元。在由国界造成的诸多差异中，兰格先生列出如下内容： z行政管理规则及其标准； z社会及宗教现状； z发展潜力，包括地理状况及自然资源； z经济发展状况及基础设施；另外还包括： z信息方面的差异，其中也包括语言。 商业活动运作的环境均受到以上这些因素的影响。虽然由不同货币造成的现有障碍将随着单一货币重要作用的发挥而得以消除，但欧元本身不会在其他方面带来多大变化。欧洲各国之间的不同货币体现了不同国家国民经济的管理特征，虽然这些货币将不复存在，但各国经济管理方面的差别将不会随着不同货币的消失而消失。 这一分析甚至使人们在看待欧元如何影响价格透明度的问题上也有了新的视角。诚然，单一货币将使消费者在对比价格时更加容易，但这样的变化离不开如下事实：欧洲目前存在着不同的消费群体，他们大多购买由不同材料生产、有着不同商标及包装的产品。看来，在价格趋同之前，需要趋同的事情还有许多。 兰格先生也预测，情况确实如此。虽然欧元区的价格势必要趋同，但趋同的速度要比许多人的想象慢得多。不仅如此，这种趋同也主要体现在消费者错误选购商品代价相对较低的领域。