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托福口语考试高分策略

托福口语考试高分策略
托福口语考试高分策略

如果说托福口语的拿分关键在于point, 那么在重点都说出来的情况下的两个人,一定是语音语调好的那个人得分高,而不是两人得到相同的分数。我们都知道托福口语可以说是按‘点’给分。只要论点论据完整、重点都包括在内,就能得分。那么为什么结果是有人能得27而有人是24?同在一个分数档怎么会有差距?答案很简单,就是语音语调。美国人对于考生的语音语调的要求是苛刻的。在一切条件相等的情况下,一定是发音比较纯正,语调比较接近美国人习惯的考生得分高。而不像雅思口语一样对于考生的发音的包容性是巨大的。因此,在尽力做到完整说出重点之余,考生最应该做的就是想办法让自己talk like a native speaker. 那么如何才能像美国人一样说话呢?360教育集团就给大家总结了美国人的发音及说话习惯从而帮大家把口语变得更地道。

一、夸张的发音、慵懒的说话

360教育集团介绍,此处的发音是指英文单词里面元音的发音。比如音标/?/,美国人习惯把嘴张很大发出近似于‘啊’和‘唉’之间的音。一些单词比如apple, attitude, fantastic等等都需要在划线的地方发出很夸张的/?/音。除了夸张的发音,美国人被认为很懒,所以不论是单词的拼写还是说话都是能省则省。与美国人交流过的同学应该知道,美国人在日常交流中几乎不怎么张嘴而且语速极快。如果不仔细听,则只能听到声音而听不出说的内容。我们考生可以多看美剧,学习他们发元音的方式并在把握好准确度上提高速度,做到快、稳、准。

二、能多卷就多卷

美音最明显的特征,就是大量夸张的卷舌音。美音与英音相比有几个自己独有的音标比如/er/,/ar/,/ir/等等。代表性的单词有chair, hair, care, car, bar, heart, cheer, deer等。很明显,英音对这些词的发音完全没有卷舌,而美音恰恰相反,这些词中的r会发的尤其卷。所以,考生们可以在平时的练习过程中刻意的模仿发卷舌音。最直接的方法就是对着听力文本模仿音频中的发音,或者在重复看美剧或电影的时候模仿台词。

三、‘t’发‘d’音,‘?’发‘?’音

在美音中,还有一个明显的特征就是所有以t结尾的单词最后都把t的音发成d。比如,a little这个最典型的例子。在英音里,little的音就是/litl/,而美音的little则是/lidl/,并且发的很轻又很快。还有很多这样的单词,比如water, litter, letter等。而另一些单词如body, college, water等含有元音/ ? /的单词,美国人的习惯就是把其发成/ ? /。大家可以自己尝试一下,在刻意的发出这些音之后你的语调会越来越像美国人。

三、用Discourse markers填充你的犹豫和空白

据360教育集团介绍,很多同学在流畅度方面非常欠缺,长期不重视口语是我们口语流利程度欠缺的主要原因。以至于我们同学们的口语磕磕巴巴、中英混杂。很多同学习惯边说边想边‘嗯’,甚至有同学在回答问题的时候夹杂中文‘这个’‘那个’‘啊不对’等中文习惯用语。这在口语考试里面是不容允许的。其实英语里面也有填补空白的hesitation markers。比如最常见的‘uhm’, 与中文的‘嗯’相对应,但最大的区别是uhm没有拖长音。其实在一段对话里有两三次uhm是十分正常的,但千万不能拖长音。除此之外,well, you know等也是英文里最常见的‘口头语’。所以,把你的‘嗯’‘啊’换成uhm, 把‘这个’‘那个’换成well, 你的口语会与以前大不相同,而且在听者听来也是不一样的感受。

四、语调有起有伏,语气抑扬顿挫

我们在说英文的时候往往会太在意自己的语法和词汇,从而忽视了语气和语调。根据谈话内容的不同而变换语调是最基本的要求,但我们常常忘了这一点。这样一来,听者就不会被你的内容所吸引并且渐渐失去兴趣从而导致你的分数被压低。因此,像说中文的语气一样去说英文会让听者或评分者投入到你的答案中从而达到事半功倍的效果。

改变和练习语音语调的方法其实很简单,就是跟读和模仿。在看美剧、看电影的同时模仿剧中人的语音语调并且长期坚持下来,你会有一个不一样的收获。更重要的是你的语感会逐渐加强,在你不熟知自己想要说什么的时候,你的语感会帮你很大的忙,从而一步步跨向流畅的口语。

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