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新概念三Lesson 14 A noble gangster 贵族歹徒

Six hundred years ago, Sir Johan Hawkwood arrived in Italy with a band of soldiers and settled near

who were willing to pay the high price he demanded. I n t i m e s o f peace, when business was bad, Hawkwood and his men would march into a city-state and, after b u r n i n g d o w n a few farms, would o f f e r t o go away if protection money was paid to them. Hawkwood m a d e l a r g e s u m s o f m o n e y in this way. I n s p i t e o f t h i s, the Italians regarded him as a sort of hero. When he died a t t h e a g e o f eighty, the Florentines gave him a state funeral and had a pictured painted which was dedicated t o t h e m e m o r y o f 'the most valiant soldier and most notable leader, Signor Giovanni Haukodue.'

曾经有一个时期,芝加哥的店主和商行的老板们不得不拿出大笔的钱给歹徒以换取"保护"。如果交款不及时,歹徒们就会很快捣毁他的商店,让他破产.榨取"保护金"并不是一种现代的罪恶行径.早在14世纪,英国人约翰.霍克伍德就有过非凡的发现:"人们情愿拿出大笔的钱,也不愿毕生的心血毁于歹徒之手.

600年前,约翰.霍克伍德爵士带着一队士兵来到意大利,在佛罗伦萨附近驻扎下来,很快就出了名.意大利人叫他乔凡尼.阿库托.每次意大利各城邦之间发生战争,霍克伍德把他的士兵雇佣给愿给他出高价的君主。和平时期,当生意萧条时,霍克伍德便带领士兵进入某个城邦,纵火烧毁一两个农场,然后提出,如向他们缴纳保护金,他们便主动撤离。霍克伍德用这种方法挣了大笔钱.尽管如此,意大利人还是把他视作某种英雄。他80岁那年死去时,佛罗伦萨人为他举行了国葬,并为他画像以纪念这位"骁勇无比的战士、杰出的领袖乔凡尼.阿库托先生."

Lesson 17 The longest suspension bridge in the world 世界上最长的吊桥

Verrazano, an Italian about whom little is known, sailed into New York Harbour in 1524 and named it Angouleme. He described it as 'a very agreeable situation located within two small hills in the midst of which flowed a

The Verrazano Bridge, which was designed by Othmar Ammann, joins Brooklyn to Staten Island. It

has a span

its designer. Two great towers support four huge cables. The towers are built on immense underwater platforms m a d e o f steel and concrete. The platforms e x t e n d t o a depth of over 100 feet under the sea. These alone took sixteen months to build. Above the surface of the water, the towers r i s e t o a height of

cables contains

. However, size and strength are not the only important things about this bridge. Despite its immensity, it is both simple and elegant, fulfilling its designer's dream to create 'an enormous object drawn as faintly as possible'.

1524年，一位鲜为人知的意大利人维拉萨诺驾船驶进纽约港，并将该港名为安古拉姆。他对该港作了这样的描述：―地理位置十分适宜，位于两座小山的中间，一条大河从中间流过‖。虽然维拉萨诺绝对算不上一个伟大的探险家，但他的名字将流芳百世，因为1964年11月21日建成的一座世界上最长的吊桥是以他的名字命名。

维拉萨诺大桥由奥斯马.阿曼设计，连结着布鲁克林与斯塔顿岛，桥长4,260英尺。由于桥身太长，设计者不得不考虑了地表的形状。两座巨塔支撑着4根粗大的钢缆。塔身建在巨大的水下钢盘混凝土平台上。平台深入海底100英尺。仅这两座塔就花了16个月才建成。塔身高出水面将近700英尺。高塔支撑着钢缆，而钢缆又悬吊着大桥，4根钢缆中的每根由26，108股钢绳组成。据估计，若桥上摆满了汽车，也只不过是桥的总承载力的1/3。然而，这座桥重要特点不仅是它的规模与强度。尽

管此桥很大，但它的结构简单，造型优美，实现了设计者企图创造一个―尽量用细线条勾画出一个庞然大物‖的梦想。

Lesson 21 Daniel Mendoza 丹尼尔.门多萨

Boxing matches were very popular in England two hundred years ago. In those days, boxers f o u g h t w i t h bare fists for p r i z e m o n e y. Because of this, they were k n o w n a s 'prize-fighters'. However, boxing was very crude, for there were no rules and a prize-fighter could be seriously injured or even killed during a match.

One of the most colourful figures in boxing history was Daniel Mendoza, who was born in 1764. The use of gloves was not introduced until 1860, when the Marquis of Queensberry d r e w u p the first set of rules. Though he was technically a prize-fighter, Mendoza did much to change crude prize-fighting into a

Mendoza r o s e t o f a m e swiftly after a boxing-match when he was only fourteen years old. This attracted the attention of Richard Humphries who was then the most eminent boxer in England. He o f f e r e d t o train Mendoza and his young pupil was quick to learn. In fact, Mendoza soon became so successful that Humphries t u r n e d a g a i n s t him. The two men quarrelled bitterly and it was clear that the argument could only be settled by a fight. A match was held at Stilton, where both men fought for an hour. The public bet a great deal of money on Mendoza, but he was defeated. Mendoza met Humphries i n t h e r i n g on a later occasion and he lost for a second time. It was not until his third match in 1790 that he finally beat

even Lord Byron became one of his pupils. He e a r n e d e n o r m o u s s u m s o f m o n e y and was paid a s m u c h a s 100 pounds for a single appearance. Despite this, he was so extravagant that he was always in debt. After he was defeated by a boxer called Gentleman Jackson, he was quickly forgotten. He was sent to prison for failing to pay his debts and died i n p o v e r t y in 1836.

两百年前，拳击比赛在英国非常盛行。当时，拳击手们不戴手套，为争夺奖金而搏斗。因此，他们被称作―职业拳击手‖。不过，拳击是十分野蛮的，因为当时没有任何比赛规则，职业拳击手有可能在比赛中受重伤，甚至丧命。

拳击史上最引人注目的人物之一是丹尼尔.门多萨，他生于1764年。1860年昆斯伯里侯爵第一次为拳击比赛制定了规则，拳击比赛这才用上了手套。虽然门多萨严格来讲不过是个职业拳击手，但在把这种粗野的拳击变成一种体育运动方面，他作出了重大贡献。是他把科学引进了这项运动。门多萨在他的全盛时期深受大家欢迎，无论是富人还是穷人都对他祟拜备至。

门多萨在14岁时参加一场拳击赛后一举成名。这引起当时英国拳坛名将理查德.汉弗莱斯的注意。他主动提出教授门多萨，而年少的门多萨一学就会。事实上，门多萨不久便名声大振，致使汉弗莱斯与他反目为敌。两个人争吵不休，显而易见，只有较量一番才能解决问题。于是两人在斯蒂尔顿设下赛场，厮打了一个小时。公众把大笔赌注下到了门多萨身上，但他却输了。后来，门多萨与汉弗莱斯再次在拳击场上较量，门多萨又输了一场。直到1790年他们第3次对垒，门多萨才终于击败汉弗莱斯，成了全英拳击冠军。同时，他建立了一所拳击学校，办得很成功，连拜伦勋爵也成了他的学生。门多萨挣来大笔大笔的钱，一次出场费就多可达100英镑。尽管收入不少，但他挥霍无度，经常债台高筑。他被一个叫杰克逊绅士的拳击手击败后很快被遗忘。他因无力还债而被捕入狱，最后于1836年在贫困中死去。

Lesson 24 A skeleton in the cupboard“家丑”

We often read in novels how a seemingly respectable person or family has some terrible secret which

s t a n d s o n e n d when he reads in the final pages of the novel that the heroine, a dear old lady who had always been so kind to everybody, had, in her youth, poisoned every one of her five husbands.

T o v a r y i n g d e g r e e s, we all have secrets which we do not want even our closest friends to learn, but few of us have skeletons in the cupboard. The only person I know who has a skeleton in the cupboard is George Carlton, and he is very p r o u d o f the fact. George studied medicine in his youth. Instead of becoming a doctor, however, he became a successful writer of detective stories. I once spent an uncomfortable weekend which I shall never forget at his house. George

showed me to the guest-room which, he said, was rarely used. He told me to unpack my things and then come down to dinner. After I had stacked my shirts and underclothes in two empty drawers, I decided to hang one of the two suits I had brought with me in the cupboard. I opened the cupboard door and then

dangling before my eyes. The sudden movement of the door made it sway slightly and it gave me the impression that it was a b o u t t o l e a p o u t at me. Dropping my suit, I dashed downstairs to tell George. This was worse than ?a terrible secret‘; this was a real skeleton! But George was unsympathetic. ?Oh, that,‘ he said with a smile a s i f he were t a l k i n g a b o u t an old friend. ?That's Sebastian. You forget th at I was a medical student o n c e u p o n a t i m e. ‘

在小说中，我们经常读到一个表面上受人尊重的人物或家族，却有着某种多年不为人所知的骇人听闻的秘密。英语中有一个生动的说法来形容这种情况。惊人的秘密被称作―柜中骷髅‖。在小说的某个戏剧性时刻，可怕的秘密泄漏出来，接着便是某人的声誉扫地。当读者读到小说最后几页了解到书中女主人公，那位一向待大家很好的可爱的老妇人年轻时一连毒死了她的5个丈夫时，不禁会毛骨悚然。

这种事发生在小说中是无可非议的。尽管我们人人都有各种大小秘密，连最亲密的朋友都不愿让他们知道，但我们当中极少有人有柜中骷髅。我所认识的唯一的在柜中藏骷髅的人便是乔治·卡尔顿，他甚至引以为自豪。乔治年轻时学过医，然而，他后来没当上医生，却成了一位成功的侦探小说作家。有一次，我在他家里度周末，过得很不愉快。这事我永远不会忘记。乔治把我领进客房，说这间房间很少使用。他让我打开行装后下楼吃饭。我将衬衫、内衣放进两个空抽屉里，然后我想把随身带来的两套西服中的一套挂到大衣柜里去。我打开柜门，站在柜门前一下子惊呆了。一具骷髅悬挂在眼前，由于柜门突然打开，它也随之轻微摇晃起来，让我觉得它好像马上要跳出柜门朝我扑过来似的。我扔下西服冲下楼去告诉乔治。这是比―骇人听闻的秘密‖更加惊人的东西，这是一具真正的骷髅啊！但乔治却无动于衷。―噢，是它呀！他笑着说道，俨然在谈论一位老朋友。―那是塞巴斯蒂安。你忘了我以前是学医的了。‖

Lesson 27 Nothing to sell and nothing to buy 没有东西可卖也没有东西可买

I t h a s b e e n s a i d t h a t everyone l i v e s b y selling something.I n t h e l i g h t o f this statement, teachers live by selling knowledge, philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort. Though

it may be possible to measure

estimate the true value of the services which people

this service. The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for i n t h e s a m e w a y t h a t goods are paid for at a shop. Everyone has something to sell.

Tramps seem to be the only e x c e p t i o n t o t h i s g e n e r a l r u l e. Beggars almost sell themselves as h u m a n b e i n g s to arouse the pity of passers-by. But real tramps are not beggars. They have nothing to sell and require nothing from others. In seeking independence, they do not sacrifice their human dignity. A tramp may ask you for money, but he will never ask you to f e e l s o r r y f o r him. He has deliberately chosen to lead the life he leads and is fully a w a r e o f the consequences. He may never be sure where the next meal is c o m i n g f r o m, but he is f r e e f r o m the thousands of anxieties which afflict other people. His few material possessions make it possible for him to move from place to place w i t h e a s e. By having to sleep i n t h e o p e n, he g e t s f a r c l o s e r t o the world of nature than most of us ever do. He may hunt, beg, or steal occasionally to keep himself alive; he may even, i n t i m e s o f real need, do a little work; but he will never

sacrifice his

beggars, but how many of us can honestly say that we have not felt a little envious of their simple way of life and their freedom from care?

据说每个人都靠出售某种东西来维持生活。根据这种说法，教师靠卖知识为生，哲学家靠卖智慧为生，牧师靠卖精神安慰为生。虽然物质产品的价值可以用金钱来衡量，但要估算别人为我们为所提供的服务的价值却是极其困难的。有时，我们为了挽救生命，愿意付出我们所占有的一切。但就在外科大夫给我们提供了这种服务后，我们却可能为所支付的昂贵的费用而抱怨。社会上的情况就是如此，技术是必须付钱去买的，就像在商店里要花钱买商品一样。人人都有东西可以出售。

在这条普遍的规律前面，好像只有流浪汉是个例外，乞丐出售的几乎是他本人，以引起过路人的怜悯。但真正的流浪并不是乞丐。他们既不出售任何东西，也不需要从别人那儿得到任何东西，在追求独立自由的同时，他们并不牺牲为人的尊严。游浪汉可能会向你讨钱，但他从来不要你可怜他。他是故意在选择过那种生活的，并完全清楚以这种方式生活的后果。他可能从

不知道下顿饭有无着落，但他不像有人那样被千万桩愁事所折磨。他几乎没有什么财产，这使他能够轻松自如地在各地奔波。由于被迫在露天睡觉，他比我们中许多人都离大自然近得多。为了生存，他可能会去打猎、乞讨，偶尔偷上一两回；确实需要的时候，他甚至可能干一点儿活，但他决不会牺牲自由。说起流浪汉，我们常常带有轻蔑并把他们与乞丐归为一类。但是，我们中有多少人能够坦率地说我们对流浪汉的简朴生活与无忧无虑的境况不感到有些羡慕呢？

Lesson 33 A day to remember难忘的一天

c h a i n o f reactions. Let us suppose that you are preparing a meal an

d k

e e p i n g a n e y e o n the baby a t t h e s a m e t i m e. The telephone rings and this marks the prelude to a n u n

f o r e s e e n s e r i e s o f catastrophes. While you are o n t h e p h o n e, the baby pulls the table-cloth off the table, smashin

g half your best crockery and cutting himself in the process. You

h a n g u p hurriedly and a t t e n d t o baby, crockery, etc. Meanwhile, the meal g e t s b u r n t. As if this were not enough to reduce you to tears, your husband arrives, unexpectedly bringing three guests to dinner.

Things can g o w r o n g on a big scale, as a number of people recently discovered in Parramatta, a suburb of Sydney. During the r u s h h o u r one evening two cars collided and both drivers began to argue. The woman immediately behind the two cars h a p p e n e d t o b e a learner. She suddenly g o t i n t o a p a n i c and stopped her car. This made the driver following her brake hard. His wife was sitting beside him holding a large cake. As she was thrown forward, the cake went right through the windscreen and landed on the road. Seeing a cake flying through the air, a lorry–driver who was d r a w i n g u p alongside the car, pulled up

behind. It took the police nearly an hour to get the traffic on the move again. I n t h e m e a n t i m e, the lorry driver had to sweep up hundreds of broken bottles. Only two stray dogs benefited from all this confusion, for they greedily devoured what was left of the cake. It was just one of those days!

我们大家都有过事事不顺心的日子。一天开始时，可能还不错，但突然间似乎一切都失去了控制。情况经常是这样的，许许多多的事情都偏偏赶在同一时刻出问题，好像是一件无关紧要的小事引起了一连串的连锁反应。假设你在做饭，同时又在照看孩子。这时电话铃响了，它预示着一连串意想不到的灾难的来临。就在你接电话时，孩子把桌布从桌子上扯了下来，将家中最好的陶瓷餐具半数摔碎，同时也弄伤了他自己。你急急忙忙挂上电话，赶去照看孩子和餐具。这时，饭又烧糊了。好像这一切还不足以使你急得掉泪，你的丈夫接着回来了，事先没打招呼就带来3个客人吃饭。

就像许多人最近在悉尼郊区帕拉马塔所发现的那样，有时乱子会闹得很大。一天傍晚交通最拥挤时，一辆汽车撞上前面一辆汽车，两个司机争吵起来。紧跟其后的一辆车上的司机碰巧是个初学者，她一惊之下突然把车停了下来。她这一停使得跟在后头的司机也来了个急刹车。司机的妻子正坐在他身边，手里托着块大蛋糕。她往前一冲，蛋糕从挡风玻璃飞了出去掉在马路上。此时，一辆卡车正好从后边开到那辆汽车边上，司机看见一块蛋糕从天而降，紧急刹车。卡车上装着空啤酒瓶，成百只瓶子顺势从卡车后面滑出车外落在马路上。这又引起了一场唇枪舌剑的争吵。与此同时，后面的车辆排成了长龙，警察花了将近一个小时才使车辆又开起来。在这段时间里，卡车司机不得不清扫那几百只破瓶子。只有两只野狗从这一片混乱中得到了好处，它们贪婪地吃掉了剩下的蛋糕。这就是事事不顺心的那么一天！

Lesson 34 A happy discovery幸运的发现

Antique shops e x e r t a p e c u l i a r f a s c i n a t i o n o n a great many people. The more expensive kind of antique shop where rare objects are beautifully displayed in glass cases to keep them free from dust is usually a forbidding place. But no one has to m u s t e r u p c o u r a g e to enter a less pretentious antique shop. There is always hope that in its labyrinth of musty, dark, disordered rooms a real rarity will be found amongst the piles of assorted junk that litter the floors.

No one discovers a rarity b y c h a n c e. A truly dedicated b a r g a i n h u n t e r must have patience, and a b o v e a l l, the ability to recognize the worth of something when he sees it. To do this, he must be a t l e a s t

the dealer. Like a scientist b e n t o n making a discovery, he must cherish the hope

masterpiece for a mere￡50. One Saturday morning, Frank visited an antique shop in my neighbourhood.

b e g g e d h i m t o d o so and the dealer reluctantly prised it open. The contents were disappointing. A p a r t f r o m an interesting-looking carved dagger, the box was full of crockery, m u

c h o f i t b r o k e n. Frank gently lifte

d th

e crockery out o

f the box and suddenly noticed a miniature paintin

g a t t

h e b o t t o m o f the packing-case. As its Composition and line reminded him of an Italian painting he knew well, he decided to buy it. G l a n c

i n g a t it briefly, the dealer told him that it was worth￡50. Frank could hardly c o n c e a l h i s e x c i t e m e n t, for he knew that he had m a d e a r e a l d i s c o v e r y. The tiny painting p r o v e d t o b e an unknown masterpiece by Correggio and was worth hundreds of thousands of pounds.

古玩店对许多人来说有一种特殊的魅力。高档一点的古玩店为了防尘，把文物漂亮地陈列在玻璃柜子里，那里往往令人望而却步。而对不太装腔作势的古玩店，无论是谁都不用壮着胆子才敢往里进。人们还常常有希望在发霉、阴暗、杂乱无章、迷宫般的店堂里，从杂乱地摆放在地面上的、一堆堆各式各样的破烂货里找到一件稀世珍品。

无论是谁都不会一下子就发现一件珍品。一个到处找便宜货买的人必须具有耐心，而且最重要的是看到珍品时要有鉴别珍品的能力。要做到这一点，他至少要像古董商一样在行。他必须像一个专心致志进行探索的科学家那样抱有这样的希望，即终有一天，他的努力会取得丰硕的成果。

我的老朋友弗兰克·哈利戴正是这样一个人。他多次向我详细讲他如何只花50英镑便买到一位名家的杰作。一个星期六的上午，弗兰克去了我家附近的一家古玩店。由于他从未去过那儿，结果他发现了许多有趣的东西。上午很快过去了，弗兰克正准备离去，突然看见地板上放着一只体积很大的货箱。古董商告诉他那只货箱刚到不久，但他嫌麻烦不想把它打开。经弗兰克恳求，古董商才勉强把货箱撬开了。箱内东西令人失望。除了一柄式样别致、雕有花纹的匕首外，货箱内装满了陶器，而且大部分都已破碎。弗兰克轻轻地把陶器拿出箱子，突然发现在箱底有一幅微型画，画面构图与线条使他想起了一幅他所熟悉的意大利画，于是他决定将画买下来。古董商漫不经心看了一眼那幅画，告诉弗兰克那画值50英镑。弗兰克几乎无法掩饰自己兴奋的心情，因为他明白自己发现了一件珍品。那幅不大的画原来是柯勒乔的一幅未被发现的杰作，价值几十万英镑。

Lesson 38 The first calender 最早的日历

W h a t i s m o r e, they will not have to r e l y s o l e l y o n the written word. Films, videos, CDs and CD-ROMS are

just some of the bewildering

a t t e m p t i n g t o reconstruct

difficult task. He has to deduce what he can from the few scanty clues available. Even seemingly insignificant remains can s h e d i n t e r e s t i n g l i g h t o n the history of early man.

U p t o n o w, historians have assumed that calendars c a m e i n t o b e i n g w i t h t h e a d v e n t o f agriculture, for then man was f a c e d w i t h a r e a l n e e d t o u n d e r s t a n d something about the seasons. Recent scientific evidence seems to indicate that this assumption is incorrect.

Historians have long been puzzled by dots, lines and symbols which have been engraved on walls, bones, and the ivory tusks of mammoths. The nomads who made these markings l i v e d b y hunting and fishing during the last Ice Age which began about 35,000 B.C. and ended about 10,000 B.C. By correlating markings made in various parts of the world, historians have been able to read this difficult code. They have found that it is connected with the passage of days and the phases of the moon. It is, i n f a c t, a primitive

writing. I t i s p o s s i b l e t h a t there is a definite relation between these paintings and the markings that sometimes accompany them. I t s e e m s t h a t man was making a real effort to understand the seasons 20,000 years earlier than has been supposed.

未来的历史学家在写我们这一段历史的时候会别具一格。对于逐渐积累起来的庞大材料，他们几乎不知道选取哪些好，而且，也不必完全依赖文字材料。电影、录像、光盘和光盘驱动器只是能为他们提供令人眼花缭乱的大量信息的几种手段。他们

能够身临其境般地观看我们做事，倾听我们讲话。但是，历史学家企图重现遥远的过去可是一项艰巨的任务，他们必须根据现有的不充分的线索进行推理。即使看起来微不足道的遗物，也可能揭示人类早期历史的一些有趣的内容。

历史学家迄今认为日历是随农业的问世而出现的，因为当时人们面临着了解四季的实际需要，但近期科学研究发现，好像这种假设是不正确的。

长期以来，历史学家一直对雕刻在墙壁上、骨头上、古代长毛象的象牙上的点、线和形形色色的符号感到困惑不解。这些痕迹是游牧人留下的，他们生活在从公元前约35，000年到公元前10，000年的冰川期的末期，以狩猎、捕鱼为生。历史学家通过把世界各地留下的这种痕迹放在一起研究，终于弄懂了这种费解的代码。他们发现代码与昼夜更迭和月亮圆缺有关，事实上是一种最原始的日历。大家早就知道，画在墙上的狩猎图景并不是单纯的艺术表现形式，它们有着一定的含义，因为它们已接近古代人的文字形式。有时，这种图画与墙壁上的刻痕共存，它们之间可能有一定的联系。看来人类早就致力于探索四季变迁了，比人们想像的要早20,000年。

Lesson 40Who's who真假难辨

Students often create amusing situations which are funny to everyone except the victims.

When a student recently saw two workmen using a pneumatic drill outside his university, he immediately telephoned the police and informed them that two students d r e s s e d u p as workmen were t e a r i n g u p the road with a pneumatic drill. A s s o o n a s he had h u n g u p, he went over to the workmen and told them that if a policeman ordered them to g o a w a y, they were not to t a k e h i m s e r i o u s l y. He added that a student had dressed up as a policeman and was playing a l l s o r t s o f silly jokes on people. Both the police and the workmen were grateful to the student for this piece of advance information.

The student hid in an archway nearby where he could watch and hear everything that went on. S u r e e n o u g h, a policeman a r r i v e d o n t h e s c e n e and politely asked the workmen to go away. When he received a very rude reply from one of the workmen, he threatened to remove them by force. The workmen told him

S h o r t l y a f t e r w a r d s, four more policemen arrived and remonstrated with the workmen. As the men refused to stop working, the police attempted to seize the pneumatic drill. The workmen struggled fiercely and one of them l o s t h i s t e m p e r. He t h r e a t e n e d t o call the police. At this, the police p o i n t e d o u t ironically that this would hardly be necessary

accompanied him to a p a y p h o n e

谁也弄不清为什么大学生好像比任何人都更喜欢恶作剧。大学生擅长一种特殊的恶作剧——戏弄人。请消防队来扑灭一场根本没有的大火是一种低级骗局，有自尊心的大学生决不会去做。大学生们常常做的是制造一种可笑的局面，除了受害者大家都觉得非常滑稽。

最近有个学生看见两个工人在大学校门外用风钻干活，马上打电话报告警察，说有两个学生装扮成工人，正在用风钻破坏路面。挂上电话后，他又马上来到工人那儿，告诉他们若有个警察来让他们走开，不要把他当回事；还对工人说，有个学生常装扮成警察无聊地同别人开玩笑。警察与工人都对那个学生事先通报情况表示感谢。

那学生躲在附近一拱形门廊里，在那儿可以看见、听到现场发生的一切。果然，警察来了，有礼貌地请工人离开此地；但其中一个工人粗鲁地回了几句。于是警察威胁要强行使他们离开。工人说，悉听尊便。警察去打电话叫人。一会儿工夫，又来了4个警察，规劝工人离开。由于工人拒绝停下手中的活，警察想夺风钻。两个工人奋力抗争，其中一个发了火，威胁说要去叫警察。警察听后讥讽地说，这大可不必，因为他俩已被逮捕了。其中一个工人装模作样地问道，在被带往警察局之前，是否可以打一个电话。警察同意了，陪他来到一个投币电话前。当他看到那个工人真的是给警察挂电话，才恍然大悟，原来他们都成了一场骗局的受害者。

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新概念英语第三册Lesson33必背词汇 ●prelude n. 序幕，前奏 ●unforeseen adj. 意料之外的 ●series n. 系列 ●catastrophe n. 大祸，灾难 ●cr ockery n. 陶器，瓦器 ●suburb n. 郊区 ●collide v. 猛撞 ●learner n. 初学者 ●panic n. 惊慌，恐慌 ●windscreen n. (汽车的)挡风玻璃 ●alongside prep. 在……的旁边，与……并排●slide v. 滑 ●stray adj. 离群的 ●confusion n. 混乱 ●greedily adv. 贪婪地 ●devour v. 狼吞虎咽地吃 ●prelude n. 序幕，前奏 a prelude to sth ……的前奏 Eg： a prelude to serious trouble 麻烦的前奏introduction 导言，绪论

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His arrival makes great difference to me. l take pride in (me)为…自豪 =be proud of I pride myself on my good taste. l exert汉语中的施加都可用它 exert pressure on压力 exert influence on exert fascination on魔力，魅力fascination奇妙的 miraculous奇谈般的 amazing让人惊奇的

fantastic妙不可言的 magic奇妙的 maternal love母爱 新概念英语第三册必背词汇Lesson27 philosopher 哲学家 wisdom 智慧 priest 牧师 spiritual 精神上的 grudge 不愿给 surgeon 外科大夫 passer(s)-by 过路人

dignity 尊严deliberately 故意地consequence 后果afflict 使精神苦恼ease 容易 nature 自然，本质contempt 蔑视envious 嫉妒的Notes on the text philosophy 哲学psychology心理学sociology社会学

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glisten vi.闪烁 glove n.手套 glow n.白热光 goat n.山羊 goddess n.女神 good n.好处 good-humouredly ad.和气地grab vt.强夺 graceful a.优美的 gradually ad.逐渐地gramophone record n.留声机唱片grant vt.同意 grapple vt.抓住 grateful a.感激的 grave a.严重的 grave n.坟墓 grease n.润滑油 greedily ad.贪婪地 greet vt.冲鼻 【篇三】 greetings n.问候 greyish a.淡灰色的

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一个过来人学新概念英语的经验之谈一、新概念选择英音还是美音？ 答：在书店购买的《新概念》配套磁带就是英音版，由外研社出版。一般我们说的经典语音就是这个版本。但是，对于第一册来说，偶数课，这个版本的录音是没有的。只有美语版《新概念》第一册的录音是完全的。 但是，对于学习美语又喜欢《新概念》的朋友来说，最好是听美音版的，由上海外国语大学出版。市场上很少见了，需要耐心的在网上找。 美音与英音的原则全凭个人喜好，没有谁好、谁不好的区别。只要是学英语的人，在练习听力时应该美音、英音都接触，因为在现实生活中，你不知道你碰到的外国人是欧洲人，还是美洲人，即使是美国人也有说英式英语的。 那么你自己的语音要始终遵循一种，不要英美混杂。 二、学习《新概念》该从第一册开始，还是从第二册开始？怎么去背诵课文？ 答：对于《新概念》的学习，首先要告诉你的是一定要下苦功夫，不能嫌烦，坚持下去。而且要从第一册开始学起，这样对于你以后的学习会有好处的。相对来说，第一册简单一些，基本上是一些日常对话，或者简单的叙述性短文。别看简单，如果你能脱口而出、运用自如的话，口语方面就已经相当了不起了，而且，对于第二、三、四册的学习，提供了良好的坚实基础。 说说新概念一的学习： 1、不要去看那些背着 2、 3、4册人的感言。大多数都是为了应付考试而去背诵的。没意义！即使背了，说的时候也都是想那些最简单的句子去表达，因为难的一个都想不起来，简单的还怕自己表达不准确呢。 2、你可知道生活中的英语就是很简单的，哪里有书本上那么复杂？陈述式的表达方式就是比日常口语要复杂。它不像 “您住哪儿？” “我住天安门广场正中央”这种对话那么简单。 3、打开新概念第一册，看哪儿哪儿会，当然是觉得非常的简单了。你别去看书，就听录音，尤其是那些对话的录音，一句一句的播放，相当于在和别人交谈，你看你能否回答正确？即使你的回答不是和书上的一样，那么你想想你能顺利的做出回答吗？ 4、每课学完后，你能把这些简单的对话用到生活中去吗？生活中不用英语，4册书都背下来最大的成就也就是顺利通过考试，其他的什么都不是！没有人会听你滔滔不绝的背课文的，课文是别人的，不是自己的！ 5、新概念第一册，语速是慢，这种情况下，你能在听英文的时候反应出它的中文解释吗？你能在听录音的同时，直接做出它所表现的动作或想像出它表达的意思吗？是不是还在心里“听到英文――翻译成中文――想中文回答再翻译成英文做出反应”这么一个过程？ 6、新概念第一册的每篇文章学完后，你能照着原文自己写出一篇来吗？ 7、没有第一册的基础积累，2、3、4册想学好才怪呢。盖房子是要打地基的，没有地基，上面的房子再漂亮，扇下扇子都会吹倒的。英语同样如此，要学就学好，别学“豆腐渣”英语。 8、如果简单的第一册没有用，作者干什么不直接写第二册，非要凑个1-4册呢？2-4册不就得了？ 9、知道为什么很多人没有毅力了吗？懒惰只是原因之一，更多的是大多数人好高骛远，总想一蹴而就！基础的，简单的看不上，复杂的，难度大的又学不明白，于是就开始困惑、茫然，实在不行了就换教材，还是从第一课开始学，简单，心里高兴！那速度，一天20课

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精选新概念英语必背36篇文章 新概念三 Lesson 14 A noble gangster 贵族歹徒 promptly , by destroying his shop. Obtaining 'protection money' is not a modern crime. A s l o n g a g o a s the fourteenth century, an pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters. Six hundred years ago, Sir Johan Hawkwood arrived in Italy with a band of soldiers and settled near Italians as Giovanni Acuto. Whenever the Italian city-states were a t w a r w i t h each other, Hawkwood used to hire his soldiers to princes who were willing to pay the high price he demanded . I n t i m e s o f peace, when business was bad, Hawkwood and his men would march into a city-state and, after b u r n i n g d o w n a few farms, would o f f e r t o go away if protection money was paid to them. Hawkwood m a d e l a r g e s u m s o f m o n e y in this way. I n s p i t e o f t h i s , the Italians regarded him as a sort of hero. When he died a t t h e a g e o f eighty, the Florentines gave him a state funeral and had a pictured painted which was dedicated t o t h e m e m o r y o f 'the most valiant soldier and most notable leader, Signor Giovanni Haukodue.' 曾经有一个时期,芝加哥的店主和商行的老板们不得不拿出大笔的钱给歹徒以换取"保护"。如果交款不及时,歹徒们就会很快捣毁他的商店,让他破产.榨取"保护金"并不是一种现代的罪恶行径.早在14世纪,英国人约翰. 霍克伍德就有过非凡的发现:"人们情愿拿出大笔的钱,也不愿毕生的心血毁于歹徒之手. 600年前,约翰.霍克伍德爵士带着一队士兵来到意大利,在佛罗伦萨附近驻扎下来,很快就出了名.意大利人叫他乔凡尼.阿库托.每次意大利各城邦之间发生战争,霍克伍德把他的士兵雇佣给愿给他出高价的君主。和平时期,当生意萧条时,霍克伍德便带领士兵进入某个城邦,纵火烧毁一两个农场,然后提出,如向他们缴纳保护金,他们便主动撤离。霍克伍德用 这种方法挣了大笔钱.尽管如此,意大利人还是把他视作某种英雄。他80岁那年死去时,佛罗伦萨人为他举行了国葬,并为他画像以纪念这位"骁勇无比的战士、杰出的领袖乔凡尼.阿库托先生." Lesson 17 The longest suspension bridge in the world 世界上最长的吊桥 Verrazano, an Italian about whom little is known, sailed into New York Harbour in 1524 and named it Angouleme. He described it as 'a very agreeable situation located within two small hills in the midst of which flowed considered to be a great explorer, his name will probably remain immortal , for on November The Verrazano Bridge, which was designed by Othmar Ammann, joins Brooklyn to Staten Island. It has a span of 4,260 feet. The bridge is so long that the shape of the earth had to great towers support four huge cables. The towers are built on immense underwater platforms m a d e o f steel and concrete. The platforms e x t e n d t o a depth of over 100 feet under the sea. These alone took sixteen months to build. Above the surface of the water, the towers r i s e t o a height of nearly 700 feet. They support the cables from which the bridge has been suspended. E a c h o f the four cables contains 26,108 lengths of wire. and strength are not the only important things about this bridge. Despite its immensity, it is both simple and elegant , fulfilling its designer's dream to create 'an enormous object drawn as faintly as possible'. 1524年，一位鲜为人知的意大利人维拉萨诺驾船驶进纽约港，并将该港名为安古拉姆。他对该港作了这样的描述：“地理位置十分适宜，位于两座小山的中间，一条大河从中间流过”。虽然维拉萨诺绝对算不上一个伟大的探险家，但他的名字将流芳百世，因为1964年11月21日建成的一座世界上最长的吊桥是以他的名字命名。 维拉萨诺大桥由奥斯马.阿曼设计，连结着布鲁克林与斯塔顿岛，桥长4,260英尺。由于桥身太长，设计者不得不考虑了地表的形状。两座巨塔支撑着4根粗大的钢缆。塔身建在巨大的水下钢盘混凝土平台上。平台深入海底100英尺。仅这两座塔就花了16个月才建成。塔身高出水面将近700英尺。高塔支撑着钢缆，而钢缆又悬吊着大桥，4根钢缆中的每根由26，108股钢绳组成。据估计，若桥上摆满了汽车，也只不过是桥的总承载力的1/3。然而，这座桥重要特点不仅是它的规模与强度。尽管此桥很大，但它的结构简单，造型优美，实现了设计者企图创造一个“尽量用细线条勾画出一个庞然大物”的梦想。 Lesson 21 Daniel Mendoza 丹尼尔.门多萨 Boxing matches were very popular in England two hundred years ago. In those days, boxers f o u g h t w i t h bare fists for p r i z e m o n e y . Because of this, they were k n o w n a s 'prize-fighters'. However, boxing was very crude, for there were no rules and a prize-fighter could be seriously injured or even killed during a match. One of the most colourful figures in boxing history was Daniel Mendoza, who was born in 1764. The use of gloves was not introduced until 1860, when the Marquis of Queensberry d r e w u p the first set of rules. Though he was technically a prize-fighter, Mendoza did much Mendoza r o s e t o f a m e swiftly after a boxing-match when he was only fourteen years old. This attracted the attention of Richard Humphries who was then the most eminent boxer in England. He o f f e r e d t o train Mendoza and his young pupil was quick to learn. In fact, Mendoza soon became so successful that Humphries t u r n e d a g a i n s t him. The two men quarrelled bitterly and it was clear that the argument could only be settled by a fight. A match was held at Stilton, where both men fought for an hour. The public bet a great deal of money on Mendoza, but he was defeated . Mendoza met Humphries i n t h e r i n g on a later occasion and he lost for a second time. It was not until his third match in 1790 that he finally beat Humphries and became Champion of England. Meanwhile, he founded a highly successful