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英语构词法练习

英语构词法练习文件排版存档编号：[UYTR-OUPT28-KBNTL98-UYNN208]

课程名称：英语词汇学课程代码：056261

资源类型：英语词汇学自主学习

词汇记忆与词汇测试

构词法练习

训练指要

构词法是英语学习的一个重点，也是近年来常考的项目。特别是在词语辨析的综合运用中，对词汇掌握的要求越来越高。检测构词法，在阅读理解中，已不把这种词汇看作生词，而是把这类词的理解看作学生通过对构词法知识的学习，应该具备的一种能力。如有的生词，只要其词根是学生们该掌握的或熟悉的，只是加上了前缀或后缀，再者或是合成词等，命题人就认为不必再注出汉语注释。所以我们在学习英语词汇的时候一定要灵活学习和掌握，随时准备应付所出现的情况。

Ⅰ.单项填空

man was________ enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job.

A. care

B. careful

C. careless

D. carelessness

soldier died for saving the child，so his________ is heavier than Mount Tai.

B. dead

C. died

D. death

child looked________ at his brother who was badly wounded.

A. sadly

B. sadness

C. sadly

is an expert at chemistry. We all call him a ________.

A. chemistry

B. chemical

C. chemist

D. physician

three- ________chair isn’t suitable for a young child. He may fall off.

A. egging

B. legged

C. legs

D. leged

became the________ railway engineer in the world.

A. lead

B. leader

C. leading

D. leadership

the teacher praised him for working out the math problem，Jack

looked________ about at his classmates.

A. proud

B. proudly

C. pride

D. pridely

everyone’s ________，the girl finished the job quite well.

A. satisfied

B. satisfactory

C. satisfying

D. satisfaction

9.—What are you doing here？

—Oh，my teacher asked me to write a passage about ________in English. —You can write________ passage in English？

words；a 600-words ；a 600-words

words；a 600-word words；a 600-words

one should enter the spot without the________ of the police.

A. permit

B. permission

C. permitting

D. permittence

must come with us to the police head is waiting for you.

A. headquarters

B. headline

C. headmaster

D. headache

that animal escape was no accident；you did it ________.

A. intend

B. intention

C. intentionally

D. intentional

shop owner welcomed all the guests with a ________smile.

A. practice

B. practise

C. practical

D. practiced

him to pay a $100 fine.

A. judger

B. judgment

C. judge

D. judgment

TV is out of order. Can you tell me what is the________ news about Iraq War

A. lately

B. latest

C. later

D. latter

Great Wall is more than 6000 li in ________.

A. longer

B. length

C. long

D. longing

my ________，I passed the exam easily.

B. joyful

C. joyless

D. joyness

is mainly an________ country.

A. English-speaking

B. speak-English

C. spoken-English

D. English-spoken

he is! He is always acting________. He is really a ________.

A. foolish；foolishly；fool

B. fool；foolish；fool

C. foolish；fool；fool

D. foolishly；foolish；fool necklace that she lost is very expensive. It’s of great ________.

A. valuable

B. value

C. valueless

D. unvaluable

Ⅱ.改错练习(每小题有一个构词法错误，请找出并更正)

Milu deer are living in the wild in a natural park.

blouse is fit for him at all. It’s too long and the color has run. possibly that the majority of the labor force will work at home is often discussed.

must strength government of the people，by the people and for the people.

sperm whale can dive to a deep of more than 1000 meters in the sea. is a very famous actress. He has played many important parts in different films.

，I’d rather stay at home watching TV.

of her ill，she c an’t go out for the sight-seeing.

you for your describe of the conditions here.

’s really dust in this room.It’s a long time since someone last lived in it.

all don’t know how dark happens.

opened the envelope，folded the letter and began to read it.

offered us lots of value information，which played an important part in catching the thief.

wish you a pleasure journey back home.

captain made an apologize to the passengers for the delay caused by bad weather.

wish that you could interview these journals who come.

is not a plant but a various of animal life.

my opinion，Harry is the most suitful person for the job.

food was good but the serve was poor.

meeting is of great important to all of us

Ⅰ.单项填空

1~5 BDACB 6~10 CBDCB

11~15 ACDCB 16~20 BAAAB

Ⅱ.改错练习

→nature→unfit→possibility→strengthen→depth→actor

→Personally→illness→description→dusty→darkness→unfolded →valuable→pleasant→apology→journalists→variety→suitable →service→importance

Ⅰ.单项填空

man was________ enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job.

A. care

B. careful

C. careless

D. carelessness

soldier died for saving the child，so his________ is heavier than Mount Tai.

B. dead

C. died

D. death

child looked________ at his brother who was badly wounded.

A. sadly

B. sadness

C. sadly

is an expert at chemistry. We all call him a ________.

A. chemistry

B. chemical

C. chemist

D. physician

three- ________chair isn’t suitable for a young child. He may fall off.

A. legging

B. legged

C. legs

D. leged

became the________ railway engineer in the world.

A. lead

B. leader

C. leading

D. leadership

the teacher praised him for working out the maths problem，Jack looked________ about at his classmates.

A. proud

B. proudly

C. pride

D. pridely

everyone’s ________，the girl finished the job quite well.

A. satisfied

B. satisfactory

C. satisfying

D. satisfaction

9.—What are you doing here？

—Oh，my teacher asked me to write a passage about ________in English. —You can write________ passage in English？

words；a 600-words

；a 600-words

words；a 600-word

words；a 600-words

one should enter the spot without the________ of the police.

A. permit

B. permission

C. permitting

D. permittence

must come with us to the police head is waiting for you.

A. headquarters

B. headline

C. headmaster

D. headache

that animal escape was no accident；you did it ________.

A. intend

B. intention

C. intentionally

D. intentional

shop owner welcomed all the guests with a________ smile.

A. practice

B. practise

C. practical

D. practiced

him to pay a $100 fine.

A. judger

B. judgment

C. judge

D. judgement

TV is out of order. Can you tell me what is the________ news about Iraq War

A. lately

B. latest

C. later

D. latter

Great Wall is more than 6000 li in ________.

A. longer

B. length

C. long

D. longing

my ________，I passed the exam easily.

B. joyful

C. joyless

D. joyness

is mainly an________ country.

A. English-speaking

B. speak-English

C. spoken-English

D. English-spoken

he is! He is always acting is really a ________.

A. foolish；foolishly；fool

B. fool；foolish；fool

C. foolish；fool；fool

D. foolishly；foolish；fool

necklace that she lost is very expensive. It’s of great ________.

A. valuable

B. value

C. valueless

D. unvaluable

were________ fish in the river in South America.

A. in danger

B. danger

C. dangerous

D. dangerless

letter “b” in the word “doubt” is________.

A. sound

B. silent

C. silence

D. sounded

child looked at me________.

A. stranger

B. strangely

C. strange

D. strangeless

black people were against slavery and fought for their________ bravely.

A. free

B. freely

C. freedom

D. frees

you said sounded________ but in fact it was untrue.

have to learn________technology from other countries.

A. advance

B. advancing

C. advantage

D. advanced

children live in a village come here almost every day.

A. nearby

B. near

C. nearly

D. near by

Black is an ________in the army，not an________ in the government. You can not easily find him in his________.

A. official；officer；office

B. officer；office；official

C. official；official；official

D. officer；official；office

’d better give up smoking if you want to keep ________.

A. health

B. healthy

C. healthily

D. healthier

speaking，I didn’t do it on purpose.

A. Honestly

B. Honest

C. Honesty

D. Dishonest

sounds like a good plan，but there are some ________difficulties in carrying it out.

A. practiced

B. practical

C. practice

D. practicing

father possesses a________ factory，which does most of the pollution to this river.

A. paper-make

B. paper-making

C. papers-made

D. paper-made

left his homeland for some________ reasons.

A. politically

B. politics

C. political

D. politician

’s________to persuade him to give up smoking.He’s very stubborn. A. possible B. possibly

C. impossible

D. impossibility

caught two________ birds in the wood last week and they are

still________i n the cage.

A. alive；live

B. live；live

C. live；alive

D. alive；alive

doctor said that the old man’s condition was________ and that they had tried their best.

A. hope

B. hoped

C. hopeful

D. hopeless

felt so ________that she could hardly open her eyes.

A. sleepy

B. asleep

C. sleep

D. sleeping

stood there________ at the________ sight.

A. frightened；frightful

B. frightening；frightful

C. fright；frightening

D. frightful；fright

doctor’s advice ________him from drinking and smoking.

A. encouraged

B. couraged

C. encouragement

D. discouraged

’d like to buy a house，modern，comfortable and above all in a quiet ________.

A. neighbor

B. neighborhood

C. neighbors

D. neighbo r’s

Ⅱ.改错练习(每小题有一个构词法错误，请找出并更正)

Milu deer are living in the wild in a natural park.

blouse is fit for him at all. It’s too long and the color has run. possibly that the majority of the labor force will work at home is often discussed.

must strength government of the people，by the people and for the people.

sperm whale can dive to a deep of more than 1000 meters in the sea. is a very famous actress. He has played many important parts in different films.

，I’d rather stay at home watching TV.

of her ill，she can’t go out for the sight-seeing.

you for your describe of the conditions here.

’s really dust in this room.It’s a long time since someone last lived in it.

all don’t know how dark happens.

opened the envelope，folded the letter and began to read it.

offered us lots of value information，which played an important part in catching the thief.

wish you a pleasure journey back home.

captain made an apologize to the passengers for the delay caused by bad weather.

wish that you could interview these journals who come.

is not a plant but a various of animal life.

my opinion，Harry is the most suitful person for the job.

food was good but the serve was poor.

meeting is of great important to all of us.

comes a large collection of soldiers in the distant.

he got to the destination，he was quite out of breathe.

(传统上) speaking，Russia is a Europe country.

24.“Actual” means “in fact”，and we can also use “as a matter of fact”.

is possible to persuade Adam to give up that decide.

doctor said that the patience was comfortable after the operation. people say that this new discover might change the whole society completely.

Chinese government treasure the friendly between the people of two countries and we are waiting for a peaceful settlement of this matter.

was afraid of high and dared not jump out of the plane.

mother died of hungry after the flood.

bet you are mistake this time.

man said that he was merely a pass-by and that he didn’t watch the accident.

33.—Do you follow me？

—Yes，perfect.

possess of guns causes lots of troubles in the USA.

greatest wealthy is being content with a little.

believe our dream that humans will travel to and from the moon will come truth one day.

is the mother of success.

year millions of visiters come to visit the dams.

Chinese people are building socialist and have achieved great progress. all went up to offer their congratulate on their winning the key match.

基础训练构词法

Ⅰ.单项填空

1~5 BDACB 6~10 CBDCB

11~15 ACDCB 16~20 BAAAB

21~25 CBBCA 26~30 DADBA

31~35 BBCCC 36~40 DAADB

【解析】

主要的，领头的。

9.这类合成词用作前置定语时必须用连字符连接，而且不能有复数。

的名词是permission。

总部。

是intend的副词形式，“故意地”。

在这里作“熟练的”解。

在这里作“法官”解。

of great value“很有价值”。

“不出声的”“沉默的”。

“自由”，名词。

speaking，“老实说”。

，“没有希望的,绝望的,不可救药”。

意为“感到害怕的”，frightful“可怕的”，frightening“令人害怕的”。

表“邻居”，neighbourhood 表“周围环境”。

Ⅱ.改错练习

→nature→unfit→possibility→strengthen →depth→actor

→Personally→illness→description→dusty→darkness→unfolded →valuable→pleasant→apology→journalists→variety→suitable →service→importance→distance→breath→European→Actually

→decision→patient→discovery→friendship→height→hunger →mistaken→passer-by →perfectly→possession→wealth→true →Failure→visitors

→socialism→congratulations

六大英语构词法详解22539

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2.形容词变名词的后缀

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Means Of Word Formation Three Major Means: Affixation Compounding Conversion affixation A prefixation ?a dis in il ir im non un apolitical disobey injustice illegal irregular non-smoker unfair ?de un deoil unwrap ?mis mal misconduct misbehavior maltreat ?extra micro macro mini out over sub super ultra under extra-strong microcomputer macroclimate mini-bus outlive overweight understate subheading superstar ultra-left ?anti counter pro anti-nuclear anti-smoking counteraction proslavery ?fore inter tele trans forehead forearm inter-city inter-personal telecommunication transworld ?ex fore post pre re ante ex-president ex-wife foretell postwar preschool reconsider antedate ?semi uni mono bi tri quad penta multi (poly) deci-,deca- centi- milli- kilo- semicircle uniform monorail bicycle biweekly tricycle quadrangle the Pentagon multi-purpose decade centimeter millimeter kilometer

英文构词法讲解

英文构词法按照语言一定的规律创造新词的方法叫作构词法。英语构词法主要有转化法、派生法、合成法、混合法、截短法和首尾字母结合法六种，一、转化法英语中，有的名词可作动词，有的形容词可作副词或动词，这种把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫作转化法。 1.动词转化为名词很多动词可以转化为名词，大多意思没有多大的变化(如下①)；有时意思有一定变化(如下②)；有的与一个动词和不定冠词构成短语，表示一个动作(如下③)。例如： ①Let's go out for a walk.我们到外面去散散步吧。 ②He is a man of strong build.他是一个体格健壮的汉子。 ③Let's have a swim.咱们游泳吧。 2.名词转化为动词很多表示物件(如下①)、身体部位(如下②)、某类人(如下③)的名词可以用作动词来表示动作，某些抽象名词(如下④)也可作动词。例如： ①Did you book a seat on the plane?你订好飞机座位了吗? ②Please hand me the book.请把那本书递给我。 ③She nursed her husband back to health.她看护丈夫，使他恢复了健康。 ④We lunched together.我们在一起吃了午餐。 3.形容词转化为动词有少数形容词可以转化为动词。例如： We will try our best to better our living conditions.我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。 4.副词转化为动词有少数副词可以转化为动词。例如： Murder will out.(谚语)恶事终必将败露。 5.形容词转化为名词表示颜色的形容词常可转化为名词(如下①)；某些形容词如old, young, poor, rich, wounded, injured等与the连用，表示一类人，作主语时，谓语用复数(如下②)。例如： ①You should be dressed in black at the funeral.你在葬礼中该穿黑色衣服。 ②The old in our village are living a happy life.我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。二、派生法在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词叫作派生法。 1.前缀除少数前缀外，前缀一般改变单词的意义，不改变词性；后缀一般改变词类，而不引起词义的变化。 (1)表示否定意义的前缀常用的有dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, mis-, non-, un-等，在单词的前面加这类前缀常构成与该词意义相反的新词。例如：appear出现→disappear消失 correct正确的→incorrect不正确的 lead带领→mislead领错 stop停下→non-stop不停 (2)表示其他意义的前缀常用的有a-(多构成表语形容词), anti- (反对；抵抗), auto- (自动), co- (共同), en- (使), inter- (互相), re- (再；又), sub- (下面的；次；小), tele- (强调距离)等。例如： alone单独的antigas防毒气的 autochart自动图表 cooperate合作enjoy使高兴 internet互联网reuse再用 subway地铁telephone电话 2.后缀英语单词不仅可以通过加前缀构成新词，也可加后缀构成新词。后缀通常会改变单词的词性，构成意义相近的其他词性；少数后缀还会改变词义，变为与原来词义相反的新词。

(完整版)初中英语构词法

初中英语构词法--英语单词不在困难英语构词方法主要有三种：即合成、派生和转化。 1 转化英语单词的词性非常活跃，名词用作动词，动词转化为名词，形容词用作动词等现象非常普遍，这种把一种词性用作另一种词性的方式就叫做词性的转化。阅读中经常出现转化词，只要抓住单词的原始意思，结合句子成分，就容易弄清它们的引申义。 1. 动词和名词之间的相互转化。有时意思变化不大，有时有一定的变化。 1) 动词转化为名词。如：下个星期天咱们出去驱车旅行，好吗? 句中的drive由动词转化为名词(词意引申为“驱车旅行”)。我经常去那里散步。 (句中walk由动词转化为名词)

2) 名词转化为动词。如：你的票订好了吗? (句中book由名词转化为动词,词意引申为“订购”) 请把你的刀子递给我。 (句中hand由名词转化为动词,词意引申为“传递”) 2. 少部分形容词转化为动词。火车速度减慢了一半。 (句中slow由形容词转化为动词，词意引申为“减速”) (句中dirty由形容词转化为动词，词意引申为“弄脏”) 3. 形容词和名词之间的相互转化。那个时候，穷人是不允许进入这个公园的。 (句中poor由形容词转化为名词，词意引申为“穷人”) 昨天他们把那个病人送进了医院。

(句中sick由形容词转化为名词，词意引申为“病人”) 4. 有些词可以词形不变，只因重音变化而发生词类转化，有时词义也可能变化。如: record [re?k??d] v.记录record [r??k??d] n.记录 5. 有些词词形不变，只因词尾的清浊音变化而发生词类转化，有时词形也可以变化。如: excuse [?ks?kju?z] v.原谅excuse [?ks?kju?s] n.原谅 use [ju?z] v.用use [ju?s] n.用 2 派生派生词是在一个单词前面加前缀或后面加后缀构成新词。如：happy—unhappy (加前缀un-) happy—happily (加后缀-ly) 1. 通过加前缀构成另一个词。前缀一般不造成词类的转换，但能引起词义的变化。前缀中有相当一部分可构成反义词。常用的前缀有：

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