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Unit 22Environmental Protection重点单词短语句型及练习(含答案)

Unit  22Environmental Protection重点单词短语句型及练习(含答案)
Unit  22Environmental Protection重点单词短语句型及练习(含答案)

Unit 22Environmental Protection

分类记单词?填准记牢·快速掌握

写作词汇——写一写

1.trap v t.使困住

2.principle n. 原则,道德准则

3.beyond prep. 超出

4.relevant adj. 有关的

5.coincidence n. 巧合

6.condemn v t. 迫使(某人)陷于不幸的境地

7.sacrifice v t.& v i. 牺牲;献出

8.advocate v t. 主张,提倡

9.recycle v t. 回收利用

10.substitute n. 代替品;代用品

11.seize v t. 依法没收;(用武力)夺取

12.means n. 方法

13.shabby adj. 破烂的

14.flee v i.& v t. 逃走

15.potential n. 可能性,潜在性

拓展词汇——记一记

1.adopt v t.采用→adopted adj.被收纳的→adoption n.采用,收养

2.agriculture n.农业→agricultural adj.农业的

3.rough adj.艰难的→roughly ad v.粗略地,大体上

4.separation n.分离,分开→separate v t.分离,分开

5.construct v t.建造→construction n.建设,建造

6.considerate adj.体贴的,想得周到的→consider v.考虑→consideration n.考虑;体贴

7.calculate v t.计算,算出→calculation n.计算;计算的结果

8.reserve n.自然保护区;v t.保留;预订→reserved adj.预定的,保留的→reservation n.预订;保留

9.finance n.资金→financial adj.财政的;金融的

10.allocate v t.分配,配给→allocation n.分配;配给

11.sharpen v t.削尖→sharp adj.尖的;锐利的

12.threaten v t.威胁→threat n.威胁

13.changeable adj.多变的→change n.& v.变化

14.politics n.政治(活动)→political adj.政治的→politican n.政治家

◎语境应用[用所给词的适当形式填空]

1.Considering his young age,it is quite considerate of him to consider other people before making decisions.(consider)

2.A new bridge is being constructed over the river and its construction will be finished next year.(construct)

3.It is not safe to let the child sharpen his pencil using the sharp_sharpener (sharp)

4.Mr White is the adopted son of Mrs Green,who adopted him when his parents died 20 years ago.Thanks to her adoption,Mr White could receive a good education and became an engineer.(adopt)

联想背短语?高效识记·稳固根基

高频短语——写一写

1.beyond_one’s_control超出……的控制;不受……

的控制

2.look_ahead 展望未来

3.in_turn 依次;轮流

4.lead_to 引起;导致

5.take_action 采取行动

6.ahead_of 在……前面

7.apart_from 除……以外

8.answer_for (对已产生的不良后果)负

责任

9.or_else 否则,不然

10.carry_off 掠走;夺走

11.all_in_all 总的来说

12.result_in 导致

13.on_one’s_behalf 代表

14.earn_one’s_living 谋生

15.all_the_best 祝一切顺利

16.sum_up 总结,概括

17.as_a_matter_of_fact 事实上;实际上

◎语境应用——练一练(选用以上短语填空)

1.We have to take_action to stop them from destroying the bridge.

2.Whenever we are in trouble,we must look_ahead and encourage ourselves.

3.If you drive this car without a licence,you’ll have to answer_for the consequences.

4.Apart_from English class,I took an active part in English Corner and other after-class English activities,which benefit me a lot.

5.The young man made a promise to his parents that he would try to earn_his_living after graduation.

6.Mr Knight cannot be here,so his wife will accept the prize on_his_behalf.

精彩写句式?典句背诵·夯基提能

经典句式——背一背

1.Without these naturally occurring gases,the sun’s rays would bounce back into space leaving the Earth cold and impossible to live on.(含蓄条件句的虚拟)

2.Given this data,it seems that the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence.(given用作介词,表示“鉴于;考虑到;倘若”) 3.The last few years have seen environmental disasters on a grand scale,and experts are predicting far worse to come.(拟人修辞手法)

句式仿写——练一练

1.没有你的帮助,我是不可能通过考试的。

Without your help,I wouldn’t_have_passed the test.

2.考虑到目前的条件,我认为他已做得相当出色。

Given_the_present_conditions,I think he has done rather well.

3.过去30年见证了中国的快速发展。

The_last_30_years_have_seen/witnessed the rapid development of China.

第一板块重点单词

beyond prep.超出,出乎,为……所不能及

(福建卷)Any driver found drinking beyond the limit will be charged.

任何司机如被发现饮酒超限都会被指控。

beyond sb.超出某人的能力

beyond (one’s) control (某人)无法控制

beyond one’s wildest dreams 某人做梦也没想到

beyond one’s power 超出某人的能力

beyond compare 无可比拟;非常好

He is such a naughty boy that he is beyond my control.他是这么顽皮的孩子以至于我实在无法管教。

◎巧学巧练1

基础练习(单句语法填空)

①The beauty of the West Lake is_beyond_description (难以言表).

②I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl,and she has changed beyond_recognition (认不出来).

③You’d better put the bottle of medicine beyond_the_children’s_reach (孩子够不着).

能力提升(高考小作文)

④(安徽卷书面表达)但是,当事情超出我的能力时,我就向同学或老师求助。

However,when_it_is_something_beyond_my_power/ability,I_turn_to_my_classmates_or_teachers_for_help.

reserve v i.储备;保存;保留;预订;n.保护区;储备(2015·重庆卷写作)I can not get the book I want but can I reserve it?

我找不到我要的书,但我能预约吗?

(1) a nature reserve自然保护区

in reserve 贮存;备用

(2)reserve sth.for sb./sth.

为某人/某物保留、预订某物

(3) reservation n. 保留;预订(房间、座位等)

make a reservation

预订(座位、房间等)

It is advisable to keep some food in reserve in case of emergency.储备一些食物以应急需是明智的。

◎巧学巧练2

基础练习(单句语法填空)

①“It’s such a nice place,”Mother said as she sat at the table reserved (reserve) for customers.

②I will call the restaurant and make a reservation (reserve) in case there’s none left.

能力提升(写作佳句)

③九寨沟是位于中国四川省的自然保护区。

Jiu Zhaigou Valley is a_nature_reserve_located_in_China’s_Sichuan_Province.

advocate v t.拥护;提倡;主张;n.提倡者;拥护者

(佳句诵读)Mr Williams is a professor who advocates fewer government controls on business.

威廉姆斯先生是个教授,他主张政府应减少对商业的控制。

(1)advocate (doing) sth.

提倡(做)某事

advocate that... 主张;提倡(谓语用“(should)+do”)

(2)be an advocate of ……的提倡者

We advocated that everyone in our school (should)donate some money to the earthquake-stricken area.

我们提倡在学校里的每个人都为地震灾区捐些钱。

◎巧学巧练3——单句语法填空

①Many experts advocate rewarding (reward) your child for good behaviour.

②Animal activists advocate that the government (should)_set (set) up a special organization to protect these migrating birds.

means n.手段;方法

(2015·重庆卷书面表达)In addition,we have more choices by means of wild release.

此外,通过自由分享,我们有更多的选择。

(1)by this means通过这种方法

by means of 用……办法;借助……

by all means 一定,务必;好的,当然可以

by no means 决不,一点也不(位于句首时,句子用部分倒装)

(2)a means of communication

一种通讯/交流工具

(朗文)Millions of Chinese rely on bicycles as their important means of transportation.自行车是数百万中国人赖以出行的重要交通工具。

◎巧学巧练4

基础练习(单句语法填空)

①Every possible means has_been_tried (try),but none has worked.

②All possible means have_been_tried (try),but none has worked.

③We express our thoughts by means of words and body language.

④Some researchers point out that daydreaming is a means (mean) of relaxation.

能力提升(高考小作文)

此外,惩罚绝不是一个帮助他们在精神上和身体上健康成长的明智选择。

⑤Furthermore,punishment is_by_no_means_a_wise_choice to help them grow up mentally

and physically.

⑥Furthermore,by_no_means_is_punishment_a_wise_choice to help them grow up mentally and physically.(倒装)

名师指津:means用作“方式;方法”时单复数同形。若all/some/several/many means 作主语,谓语动词用复数形式;若every/each/one/a means作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。

condemn v t.谴责;使……注定

(佳句诵读)As far as I know,he was found guilty and condemned to death.他被裁定有罪,判了死刑。

(1)condemn...for sth.因……而谴责某人或某事

condemn sb.to... 某人注定……

be condemned/sentenced to death

被判处死刑

(2)be condemned to do sth.

迫使……接受(困境),注定……

(朗文P412)If you don’t learn from the past,you are condemned to repeat its mistakes.如果你不从过去吸取教训的话,就注定要重复以前的错误。

◎巧学巧练5

基础练习(单句语法填空)

①She knew that society will condemn her for leaving her children.

②He was_condemned (condemn) to death for murder and later hanged.

能力提升(写作佳句)

③没有学历使他们一辈子都得从事枯燥乏味而且通常报酬很低的工作。

Their lack of qualifications condemned_them_to a lifetime of boring,usually poorly-paid work.

sacrifice v t.& v i.牺牲,献出;n.牺牲;祭品,祭祀(佳句诵读)As a mother,I’m willing to sacrifice my life for my son.

作为一名母亲,我乐意为自己的儿子奉献一生。

(1)sacrifice sth.to do sth.

为做某事而牺牲某物

(2)make sacrifices for/to do sth.

为……作出牺牲

at the sacrifice of... 以牺牲……为代价

(牛津P1757)Her parents made sacrifices so that she could have a good education.

为了让她接受良好的教育,她的父母作了很多牺牲。

◎巧学巧练6

基础练习(单句语法填空)

①(朗文P1798)Jim sacrificed a television career to_stay (stay) at home with his kids.

②(朗文P1798)The soldiers were prepared to make sacrifices (sacrifice) in defence of freedom.

能力提升(写作佳句)

③就我个人而言,以牺牲健康为代价而获得财富是不值得的。

As far as I’m concerned,it’s_not_worthwhile_to_gain_wealth_at_the_sacrifice_of_health.

adopt v t.采用,采纳;收养

(牛津P27)All three teams adopted different approaches to the problem.

三个队处理这个问题的方法各不相同。

(1)adopt one’s suggestion采纳某人的建议

the adopted son 养子

(2)adoption n. 收养;采用

Taking everything into consideration,I decided to adopt his suggestion.

考虑一切之后,我决定采纳他的建议。

◎巧学巧练7

基础练习(单句语法填空)

①If they had_adopted (adopt) the above mentioned measures,they would have achieved their aims.

②Having no child of their own,the couple decided to_adopt (adopt) an orphan.Luckily,the adopted (adopt) child adapted to the new environment quickly.

能力提升(句式升级)

After he adopted a new way,the problem was solved.

③With_a_new_way_adopted,the_problem_was_solved. (with复合宾语)

④Having_adopted_a_new_way,he_solved_the_problem.(现在分词短语作状语)

第二板块短语·句式

lead to导致;造成(后果);通向……

As the old saying goes,all roads lead to Rome.

常言道,条条大路通罗马。

lead sb.to do sth.使某人做某事

lead/live a...life 过……样的生活

lead the way 引路;带路

(天津卷书面表达)In class I will divide the students into small groups and lead them to practice speaking English in an interesting way.在课堂上我会把学生分成小组用有趣的方法让他们练习说英语。

名师指津:lead to中的to为介词,后接名词、代词或v.-ing形式。

◎巧学巧练1

基础练习(单句语法填空)

①The discovery of new evidence led to the thief’s being_caught(catch).

②Her constant lying led me to_distrust (distrust) everything she said.

能力提升(一句多译)

众所周知,成功在于努力,然而懒惰导致失败。

③As we all know,success lies in hard work while_laziness_leads_to_failure.

④As we all know,success lies in hard work while laziness_results_in_failure.(result)

⑤As we all know,success lies in hard work while_failure_results_from_laziness.(result)

all in all总的来说

(佳句诵读)All in all,her mother and I are very happy with her progress.

总而言之,看到她的进步我和她妈妈很高兴。

at all(常用于否定句和条件从句中以加强语气)根本;无论如何;一点儿

after all 毕竟;终究

in all 总共

first of all 首先,第一

above all 首先,最重要的是

Don’t blame him.After all,he’s only a green hand.

别责怪他,他毕竟还是个新手。

◎巧学巧练2——用all短语填空

①(2014·安徽卷)To be great,you must be smart,confident,and,above_all,honest.

②(山东卷)All_in_all,travelling is the best choice to recharge ourselves and get ready for the new challenges.

③Of course I admire him—after_all,he is a great writer.

④(2015·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)First_of_all,you can talk about American customs and festivals because Chinese students are interested in them.

a (great) number of许多;大量

(佳句诵读)With a great number of things to settle,I can’t go to see a film tonight.

有那么多事情要处理,今晚我不能去看电影。

?????(1)a great/large/

small number of a great/good many quite a few +可数名词复数 ???(2)a great deal of a great/large amount of +不可数名词 ?????(3)a lot of/lots of

a great/large quantity of masses of

plenty of +可数名词复数 或不可数名词

Now a great number of college graduates are seeking to get a high-paid job.But the number of posts available for them is often not enough.

如今很多大学毕业生寻求一份待遇好的工作,但适合他们的岗位的数量却经常不足。 ◎ 巧学巧练3 基础练习(单句语法填空)

①In the past ten years a number of high buildings have_arisen (arise) where there was nothing but ruins.

②Many a famous pop star was_ruined (ruin) by drugs last year. ③Large amounts of money are_spent (spend) on advertisements every year. ④Large quantities of water have_been_piped (pipe) to the dry area since last year. ⑤As you can see ,the number of cars on our roads keeps (keep) rising these days. 能力提升(高考小作文)

⑥(2014·江苏卷书面表达)随着学习英语的人越来越多,在汉语的上下文里理解英语并不是很困难。 With_the_number_of_English_learners_on_the_rise ,it’s not difficult for them to understand

these words in Chinese contexts.

in turn 依次;逐个地;转而;反过来 (佳句诵读)Theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice. 理论以实践为基础,反过来又为实践服务。

(1)by turns 轮流;轮班;交替地;时而……时而…… take turns 依次;轮流(说、做等);轮班 It is sb.’s turn(to do)

轮到某人(干某事)

(2)in return 作为回报

He wanted to do something in return for the kindness that she offered him.

他想做点什么事来酬谢她的好意。

◎巧学巧练4

基础练习(选词填空)

in return,in turn,by turns,in return fo r

①People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars,and this in_turn creates further problems.

②I’d like to do something for you in_return_for everything you’ve done for me.

③The two sisters took care of their sick mother by_turns.

④An excellent teacher is believed to be one who devotes himself to the children but asks for nothing in_return.

能力提升(高考小作文)

⑤(2015·四川卷书面表达)你提到作为回报你想教我英语,这就是我渴望的事情。

You mentioned that you_would_like_to_teach_me_English_in_return,which is exactly what I am dying for.

Given this data,it seems that the link between human activities and rising global

temperatures is not merely a coincidence.

鉴于这些数据,好像人类活动与正在升高的地球温度之间的联系并不仅仅是巧合。

(1)本句中的given为介词,意为“考虑到,鉴于”,表示原因;还可以表示假设,意为“倘若,假定”。

(2)表示“考虑到……;倘若,假设……”时,given后还可接that从句。

Given their inexperience,they’ve done a good job.

考虑到他们缺乏经验,这工作他们算是做的不错了。

◎巧学巧练5——一句多译

考虑到她对孩子的兴趣,我可以肯定教书是最适合她的职业。

①Given_her_interest_in_children,I am sure teaching is the right career for her.

②Given_that_she_is_interested_in_children,I am sure teaching is the right career for her.

③Take_her_interest_in_children_into_account/consideration,I am sure teaching is the right carreer for her.

The last few years have seen environmental disasters on a grand scale,and experts are predicting far worse to come.近几年一些环境灾难大规模地出现,专家们预测更坏的局面

即将来临。

see,find,witness等词可用物作主语,以增添语言色彩,see可译为“(在某段时期)发

生(某情况),经历,经受”。

The year 1949 saw the founding of the People’s Republic of China.

1949年见证了中华人民共和国的诞生。

◎巧学巧练6

基础练习(单句语法填空)

①With economy developing at great speed,our city has_witnessed (witness) quite a few changes in recent years.

能力提升(用拟人修辞手法改写句子)

②Great changes have taken place in our hometown since the reform and opening policies started.

Our_hometown_has_seen/witnessed_great_changes_since_the_reform_and_opening_policie s_started.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1.________(give) enough time and money,the researchers would have been able to discover more in this field.

答案:Given

2.He looked puzzled because what the teacher said in class was far________his understanding.

答案:beyond

3.A new approach to the traffic problem________________(adopt) at the meeting the other day.

答案:was adopted

4.In many places,the bicycle is still________popular means of transportation.

答案: a

5.The police are collecting evidence relevant ________the case and it won’t be long before the truth comes to light.

答案:to

6.These students think that the football game is an interesting activity,________they can develop not only their health but also their team spirit.

答案:where

7.The girl is always polite and________(consider) to her customers,which earns her a good reputation.

答案:considerate

8.We will be living in a much cleaner world if the wastes,such as paper,cans and plastic bags________(recycle).

答案:are recycled

9.The UN is seeking a________(politics) solution rather than a military one.

答案:political

10.—The weather is very________(change) at this time of year.

—True.It is hard to predict what the weather will be like tomorrow.

答案:changeable

11.Many kids in this primary school were suffering from________(separate) from their parents.

答案:separation

12.As we all know,giant pandas are among the most ________(endanger) animals on the earth.

答案:endangered

13.The young man ________(threat) to expose my secret plan to the police unless I did everything as he said.

答案:threatened

14.________(trap) in the crashed car,the driver couldn’t move his legs and was waiting eagerly for help.

答案:Trapped

15.We entered the cafe and sat down by the window,waiting________(serve).

答案:to be served

Ⅱ.单句语法改错

1.A modern city has been set up in where was a wasteland ten years ago.

答案:where→what

2.The reason why he was late for the meeting was because he missed the early bus.

答案:because→that

3.Having trapped in the traffic jam for hours,he became impatient.

答案:trapped前加been

4.We will discuss the problem referring to at yesterday’s meeting.

答案:referring→referred

5.They advocate that everyone lives a low-carbon life.

答案:lives→live

Ⅲ.单句写作

1.______________________(该到我们采取行动) and protected these endangered

species.

答案:It is high time that we took action

2.At the meeting,the headmaster was invited to say something ______________________________(代表学校) the school.

答案:on behalf of

3.________________________(在欧洲旅行时),he found many interesting things and experienced different cultures.(travel)

答案:While travelling in Europe

4.Stressful environments lead to unhealthy behaviours such as poor eating habits,______________________(这相应地又会增加) the risk of heart disease.(turn) 答案:which in turn increases

5.Every possible means________________________(都已经使用了) to prevent the air pollution,but the sky is still not clear.(use)

答案:has already been used

6.__________________________(这似乎令人惊叹) we can get information about what is happening around the world in a minute online.(amazing)

答案:It seems amazing that

Ⅳ.话题写作

根据提示,利用本单元所学知识,完成下面的小作文并背诵成文。

1.在过去的几年里,环境遭到了巨大的破坏,而且要超出我们的控制。(see,beyond one’s control)

2.考虑到最新的数据,人类似乎应对此负责。(given,seem,answer for)

3.展望未来,我们应该采取行动;否则会导致更严重的破坏。(look ahead,take action,or else,lead to)

4.幸运的是,各国政府都采取了不同的方式来联合抵制此类事情。(adopt,boycott) 参考答案

The last few years have seen the severe damage to the environment and it is beyond our control.Given the latest data,it seems that humans should answer for this.Looking ahead,it’s time for us to take action;or else,it would lead to greater damage.Fortunately,governments all over the

world have adopted various ways to boycott this.

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