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module 1高中英语外研版选修八

1. With annual rainfall close to zero, Antarctica is technically a desert.

close to 接近于, 几乎

It took place close to 100 years ago.

那事发生在将近一百年前。

2. A high mountain range, the Trans- Antarctic range, runs from east to west, cutting the continent in two.

run v.(道路等)延伸,

延续

The road runs for many miles by the sea.

A fence runs round the house.

3. Yet Antarctica is full of wildlife, which has adapted to its extreme conditions.

adapt to 适应

The young men quickly adapted to camp life.

4. The rest of the plants are made up of mosses,

algae and lichen.

be made up of 由……构成/组成

e.g. What are the qualities that ideally should make up a man’s character?

The audience was made up of very young children. 5. Gases and minerals, in the form of volcanic dust trapped in the ice, can tell us a lot about what the world’s climate was like in past ages.

in the form of 以……的形式

The child’s grandpa made a suggestion in the form of a question.

trap

阅读下列各句，并试着总结trap的含义及用法。1) The lift broke down and we were trapped inside it.

作动词，意为“使陷入困境，通常用被动语态2) The cheese helped me trap the mouse.

作动词，（用陷阱、夹子等）捕获

6. Since most Antarctic rocks are dark in colour, they stand out against the white background and are easy to identify and collect. stand out 突出, 显眼

Her fair hair made Lucy stand out in a crowd.

The red flowers stand out against the white snow. 7. Not until the late 18th century did the British

explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle, but he never saw land.

倒装结构, 此句相当于:

The British explorer James Cook didn’t cross the Antarctic Circle until the late 18th century, but he never saw land.

8. Then in 1895, a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the first man to set foot on the

Antarctic mainland.

set foot on (in) 踏上, 进入; 涉足

9. In particular,it aims to keep Antarctica free from nuclear tests and radioactive waste…

in particular 特别, 尤其aim to 目标是, 目的在于e.g. My sister aims to become a famous artist.

1. On 8th August, 1914, 27 men who had replied to an advertisement in The Times boarded a ship leaving for the Antarctic. reply to 回答, 回应

She asked me why I hadn’t replied to her letter. board vt.

(1) 给某人提供膳宿

e.g. She usually boards students.

(2) 上(船，火车，飞机等)

board plane

n. board (1)木板(2)船舷on board 在(船等)上2. But when land came into sight, the Endurance became trapped in the ice and began to break up. come into sight 进入视野, 看得见

break up 碎开, 粉碎The ship broke up on the rocks.

I broke up the candy and gave each child a small

piece.

The meeting broke up in great confusion. 散会, 驱散

与break 有关的短语: break (up) with sb 与某人绝交

break away from sb/sth 摆脱, 脱离

break down 出故障, 失灵, 崩溃

break out 突然发生

break into 闯入

3. Shackleton and his men

watched the Endurance sink into the icy sea.

sink (sank, sunk) vi.下沉, 沉没, (太阳)落下

e.g. The ship sank in the water.

The sun sank slowly behind the hills.

太阳慢慢落山了。

vt.使下沉e.g. They sank the ship.

sink n.洗涤槽

4. When they reached the island, Shackleton came

up with an idea --- it was a risk but he would have to take it. come up with 想出

He coul dn’t come up with an answer when I asked what he would do with the computer.

take a risk 冒险

e.g. You have to take a risk if you buy the house. Shackleton kept his promise.

promise n.诺言常

用于短语:

make a promise 许诺break a promise 违背诺言

keep a promise 信守诺言

6. They could then return to rescue the rest of the men.

rescue vt.救出某人/某物

rescue sb/sth from sth(from: 从，免受)

e.g. Police rescue the

hostages from the plane. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/7916548637.html,e/go to the/sb’s rescue 援救或帮助某人。

A wealthy man came to our rescue with a generous donation.

有个富人慷慨捐赠来解救我们。

1. …the glare (强光) of the sunlight here is very intense (强烈的).

glare n. ①耀眼的光

e.g. avoid the glare of the

sun/the car’s head lights

避开耀眼的阳光/汽车前行的强光

The sunglasses are designed to reduce glare．这些太阳镜是为了减少刺眼的光而设计的。The rabbit was caught in the glare of the car’s headlights．

兔子在耀眼的汽车灯照射下动弹不得。

②怒视/凝视/恶狠狠的注视

give sb a hostile glare 含故意地注视某人

v.①发出炫目而令人不快的强光

The sun is glaring (down) mercilessly form a clear sky.

透过晴空, 太阳正毒。

②怒目而视, 恶狠狠地盯视。

e.g. He didn’t shout; he just glared at me silently.

他没有喊叫, 只是默默地怒视着我。

2. It’s also reflected (反射) by the snow, so if you go outside, remember to wear sunglasses (戴上墨镜)and use sun cream (防晒霜). reflect v.

1. 反映，映出（影像）

e.g. His face was reflected in the mirror.

他的脸映照在镜子里。

2. 反射(声、光、热等)

When the sun’s rays hit the earth, a lot of the heat is reflected back into space.

太阳光线照射到地球时，大量的热被反射回太空。

3. 表达，显示，表明（事物的自然属性或

人态度、情感等）e.g. Our newspaper aims to reflect the views of the local community.

我报在表达当地人民的心声。

拓展：

reflector 反光面reflection 映像，反映，反射，沉思

reflective 沉思的，反光的，反射热的reflectively adv.

4. If you don’t, there’s a severe risk (很大的风险) that you’ll damage your eyesight (伤害视力) or get badly sun burnt (严重晒伤).

(1) that从句为同位语

从句

(2) get badly sun burnt 严重晒伤

get + adj./done 系表结构。

归纳拓展

get ill 生病

get lost 迷路get married 结婚

get used to 习惯于

get tired 累了

get dressed 穿好衣服

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