高中英语完形填空解题思路与训练

高考英语完形填空解题思路与训练

一、高考英语完形填空命题与解题思路

完形填空题是高考英语卷中的重要题型，不仅侧重于考查学生的逻辑思维能力和对具体语境把握能力，更是对学生整体语篇意义理解的连贯性和运用语言的准确性考查。它属于有一定难度的障碍性阅读理解题，是学生感到最难把握的题型之一。

分析近几年高考题，完形填空所选短文的体裁多为记叙文、说明文和议论文。写人或记事，兼有个别议论的句子。趣味性强并兼有教育意义。一般为300单词左右的一篇短文，其内容逻辑性强，文章结构严谨，层次分明。文章首句不设空，但交待相关的背景材料，可挖掘的信息点很多，对整篇文章的理解起着至关重要的作用。

近几年上海试题中尤为注重说明文和议论文。

说明文命题趋势：说明型完形填空选材难度一般低于试卷中的阅读理解大题。在设空与选项设计方面充分体现了语言知识运用题的要求：以实词为主（名、动、形、副），绝大多数小题都要从全文角度进行判断。这一命题思路体现了“语篇意识”。

议论文命题趋势：议论文是一种通过剖析事物，论述事理，提出主张，发表见解的文体。议论型完形填空分为两种，一种是夹叙夹议型完形填空；另一种是纯议论型完形填空。第一种的基本模式是：叙述事件，提出感悟，作出结论。第二种的基本模式是：提出论点，列举论据，提出看法。

那么如何做好完形填空呢？十大解题技巧对学生会有很大帮助。

解题思路一：通读全文，了解大意，先易后难。

通常在答题之前, 要花1—2分钟把文章略读一遍,以便对文章有个大概的了解。在详读的过程中，可以边读边选择一些容易的选项, 对个别不理解的单词、短语,可以先不管它们。等读完文章后, 大部分的空格已填完, 全文的意思基本已掌握, 剩下的难题也就比较容易解决了。

解题思路二：依据首句线索，紧扣主题选择。

首句通常是文章的主题句，通常不设空，便于考生对短文主题、内容或背景有个大概了解。它的目的是向考生提供时间、地点、人物、事件、论点等有用的信息。把握了主题句, 对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。

例1：Why is a space left between the rails of a railway line where one piece joins the next﹖

解析：这句话从铁轨之间的缝隙引出了问题。根据常识，文中内容应与热涨冷缩的物理现象有关。

例2：On a hot summer day in last August, I sought shade and a cool drink at a waterfront caféon a Greek island. Over a hundred degrees in ______ air.

A. fresh

B. cool

C. still

D. thin

解析: C。故事发生在一个炎热的夏天, 温度高, 自然没风。still 在此处为形容词, 意思是“静止的, 不动的”, 即没风。

解题思路三：瞻前顾后, 谨慎选择。

有些选择项根据上下句就能比较容易地做出正确判断, 有些则必须根据整篇文章的大意才能推出。通过上下文, 寻找隐含的各种信息和紧抓语境暗示是解答完形填空题的主要手段和策略。

例1：The man stepped ___1___ for the two chairs. He politely ___2___ his lady in the knee - deep water and then sat down himself.

1. A. outside B. forward C. down D. back

2. A. led B. seated C. watched D. received

解析：1. D。根据上下文, 不难看出, 那两口子搬完桌子后, 又回来搬椅子, 即: step back for sth.

2. B。本空后有宾语his lady , 根据后半句“and then sat down himself”, 答案应为seated his lady “让他夫人就坐”。

例2：It was one of the most ______ any tiring games I've ever had.

A. encouraging

B. hopeless

C. surprising

D. regular

解析:Ｃ。看完全文，即可得出“它是一场我曾打过的比赛中最令人意外又最使人疲劳的比赛”。

解题思路四：借助语法知识, 选择正确的答案。

例1：When Ed first phoned and ______ we play, I laughed quietly …

A. declared

B. mentioned

C. persuaded

D. suggested

解析：D。根据学过的语法知识,我们知道主句的谓语动词表示建议的意思时, 宾语从句的谓语要用虚拟语气,即用“( should )+ 动词原形”。题干句中“play”的形式是关键信息。

例2：Moreover, inaccurate or indefinite words may make _______ difficult for the listener to understand the message which is being transmitted to him.

A. that

B. it

C. so

D. this

解析：B。

例3：Finally Peter decided to go to the USA and，as his father had told him，______ to be a doctor.

A. studies

B. studying

C. study

D. studied

解析：C。分析句子结构可知，空白处与前面的动词go为并列动词不定式，均作谓语decided的宾语，故选C。此题若忽略分析句子结构，很容易误选D。此题的难点在于句中有一个插入性质的as引导的从句，将两个不定式分隔开了。从而造成辨认第二个动词不定式的困难。

解题思路五：利用生活常识，文化背景。

例1：One day, the girl ___1___ into the plane, started it and soon left the ___2___.

1. A. climbed B. looked C. reached D. fell

2. A. house B. floor C. water D. ground

解析：1. A。2. D。根据生活常识，这女孩应是先爬进机舱，才能起动飞机，最后使飞机飞离地面。

例2：Immediately the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the ______ hospital.

A. animal

B. biggest

C. plant

D. nearest

解析：D。在这样的紧急情况下，人们的第一个反应是到最近的医院就医，因此答案为D。

例3：Every morning she would give him breakfast in bed and bring him the paper to ______.

A. check

B. read

C. keep

D. sign

解析：B。外国人早上有读报的习惯, 其中paper即为报纸，这是理解本文细节的关键, 有了这些文化背景知识, 可迅速推断出正确答案为B。

解题思路六：采取排除法。

解答完形填空题的过程中，有时我们会遇到这样的情况：对某一题的正确选项的含义、用法不甚明

白，但发现其他选项有显而易见的谬误。这时我们可以尝试排除法, 剔除错误的选项。随着选择范围的缩小, 选中正确选项的机会就会增大。

例1：Finally I was ______ by his lively sense of humor.

A. disturbed

B. moved

C. attracted

D. defeated

解析：C。首先根据句子及选项的意义, 可马上排除选项A和D。再根据句子的意思判断, “我被他的幽默感吸引”, 而不是“被感动”。

例2：However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be ___1___ to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, ___2___, publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, ___3___ student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs.

3. A. displaying B. describing C. creating D. exchanging

解析：A。第3题的解题步骤为：首先从动宾搭配上看，C选项（创造学生艺术品）可以排除，再从该句的上文看。上文说应该设计竞争性小的活动，所以答案应该是“展示学生艺术作品”。

解题思路七: 找寻固定词组、常用句型或习惯用法。

例1：A waiter appeared. He paused for just a second , walked into the water to ______ the table and ……

A. set

B. wash

C. remove

D. check

解析：A。set the table 在饭桌上摆好刀叉等餐具准备开饭。这是一种固定说法。

例2：I started surfing about five years ago and ______ in love with the sport on the very first day.

A. stayed

B. came

C. dropped

D. fell

解析：D。因为fall in love with 是习惯搭配，意为“爱上”、“喜欢上”。

例3. With it, astronauts will acquire a workhouse vehicle ______ of flying into space and returning many times.

A. capable

B. suitable

C. efficient

D. fit

解析：A。be capable of是习惯搭配，意为“能够”。

例4. ……During the summer holidays，they usually ______ much time playing football on the play ground.……

A. use

B. need

C. take

D. spend

解析：D。四个选项从语法角度看似乎都正确。但从习惯搭配来看，spend …(in) doing sth.表示“花时间做某事”，使固定句式，正确答案为D。

建议：

1）注意词语的搭配：动词的搭配(do 和make的搭配能力较强，要记牢、记熟)。

do(a job, work, shopping, cooking, reading, typing, sewing, good, wrong, damage, harm, a favor, an injury, etc.)

make(a study, an appointment, arrangements, a breakthrough, a call, a comparison, contribution, a deal, a decision, a discovery, distinction, a guess, preparations, a start, a start, a survey, an attempt, an error, a profit, a fortune, a living, one’s way, sense, p oint, peace, bed, coffee, a fuss, etc.)

2）形容词与名词的搭配有的具有一定的文化背景，学生要注意“貌合神离”的词语。如：

lucky dog 幸运儿、right hand得力助手、narrow escape死里逃生、dark horse出人意料的获胜者

3）有些形容词可以加一个形容词修饰，表示强调，使表达更加生动。如：pitch dark（漆黑的）、brand new （崭新的）、crystal clear（水晶般的）、wide open（张得大大的）、fast asleep（睡得很熟的）、wide awake （完全醒着的）、icy cold（冰冷的）, etc.

4）有些形容词可以和不同的介词搭配，学生应注意比较、归纳。如：sick for 渴望、tired from因…而

疲劳、engaged in 忙于、sick of 厌倦、tired of 对…厌倦、engaged to 与某人订婚。

解题思路八: 利用原词复现或同现, 选择最佳选项。

1．在完形填空中, 某一词语通常重复出现, 使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯, 从而构成一个完整的意义整体。

例1：When the waiter brought my ______ , the man was clearly puzzled by the ……

A. menu

B. bill

C. paper

D. food

解析：D。上文中有waiting for the food I had ordered to arrive , 所以应为：服务员为我端来食物。

例2: First of all he was a window-cleaner and in his first week he managed to ______ six windows.

A. rub

B. drop

C. break

D. clean

解析：D。同源词复现，由window-cleaner可知为clean the window。

2．同现指意义上相互联系的单词同时出现在同一语篇中。一个语篇，一个话题，要求有与之相连的词汇。

1）名词同现：与一个话题或一个名词出现在同一个语境的另一个名词。如：

school---primary school—middle school—college—university

students—pupils—graduates—postgraduates

2）动词同现：与一个话题或一个名词出现在同一个语境的另一个动词。如：

school—teach—learn—attend—found—drop out—graduate—be dismissed

3)形容词同现; 就某一语境而言所能出现的形容词也是有规律的。如：

在学校这个语境中：（key）school—（optional）course—（compulsory）course

4) 结构同现: 结构同现批搭配之类的句型和成对出现的短语。如：

some…,others; on one hand…,on the other hand; former…,latter; so…that; not only…but also;

hardly/scarcely…when…; no sooner…than…; be about to do /be doing /had done /be on the point of doing/be to do/be ready to do/be on the way … when…;

例3: I put my head in, expecting the worst. But to my surprise, the room wasn’t empty at all. It had furniture, curtains, a TV, and even paintings on the wall. And then on the well-made bed sat Amy, my new

______, dressed neatly.

A. roommate

B. classmate

C. neighbor

D. companion

解析：A。名词同现，从room, furniture,等同现信息可知。

例４:We were ______ to go back for class again when the headmaster called us together and said, …

A. about

B. able

C. sorry

D. sure

解析：A。结构同现，be about to do …when…。

解题思路九：顺应文意,定位选词。

做题时, 要充分利用上下文, 找到有提示作用的词。这些词可以是同义词、近义词或反义词, 也可以是并列连词或转折连词等等。

例１：At the table next to mine sat an attractive ______couple, waiting for ….

A. lonely

B. curious

C. well - dressed

D. bad - tempered

解析: C。根据上文的attractive (吸引人的) 和下文的叙述, 只能选择well - dressed “穿着漂亮的”, 这样才能是一对浪漫夫妻。

例2：Geese are known to take the first living thing they see as their mother. ______, to these young geese, the girl was their mother.

A. But

B. Also

C. Thus

D. Still

解析：C。A. But “但是”B. Also“也”C. Thus“因而”D．Still “仍然”。

例3: After you have learned to think of several words in English，then move on to the next step—thinking in ______.

A. sentences

B. passages

C.1essons

D. classes

解析：A。需注意上下文逻辑推理以及名词的含义。第一步是考虑单词，接下来应该是考虑句子。故选A。

例4: Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very______.

A. deep

B. high

C. cold

D. dangerous

解析：A。根据转折连词but的提示，所填入的词应与shallow相反，因此答案为A。

例5: Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened __1__. As was discussed before, it was not __2__ the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic __3__.

1. A. between B. before C. since D. later

2. A. after B. by C. during D. until

3. A. means B. method C. medium D. measure

解析：1. A. 2. D. 3. C。我们注意到文章讲了两个时间：20世纪和15、16世纪，而19世纪显然是处在两者之间，故第1题填between。第2题是一语法结构题，固定结构：It was not until---that---。第3题属于前面介绍的"信息词"题。上文中出现的：television, printing, newspaper均说明该题应填medium。

解题思路十：仔细推敲, 注重逻辑。

做完完形填空题后,要根据所选答案迅速地把文章完整地读一遍, 看语法、惯用法对不对;看是否符合上下文的逻辑; 看是否符合故事情节的发展,以便更正可能的错误选择。

一个完整的语篇应该是符合逻辑的，文章逻辑关系的取得主要靠过渡词的使用。作者利用转承语保证文章的逻辑，学生在做完形填空时应通过自己对上下文的理解，找到适当的逻辑关系，然后选择正确的过渡词。学生必掌握常见的过渡词：

1. 递进

in addition, furthermore, again, also, besides, moreover, what’s more, what’s worse, to make matters worse , to make things worse , worse still

2.比较

in the same way, as with, similarly, equally, in comparison, just as

3.对照

in contrast, on the other hand, instead, however, nevertheless, unlike, on the contrary, while

4.因果

because, because of, for, since, due to, owing to, thanks to, as a result (of), so, thus

5.强调

certainly, above all, indeed, of course, surely, actually, as a matter of fact, especially，in particular, absolutely, 6.让步

although, though, after all, in spite of

7.举例

for example, for instance, that is, namely, such as, in other words, in this case, by way of illustration.

8. 时间和空间

afterward, after, first, later, then, soon, finally, at last

outside, near, beyond, above, below, on the right(left), in the middle, opposite, in front of

9. 总结

to sum up, to conclude, in a word, in short, in brief, all in all, in all, in summary

例1: It has been many years since I was last in London ______ I still remember something that happened during that visit.

A. and

B. for

C. but

D. as

解析：C。根据句前的many years和句后的still remember，答案应选表示转折的连词but。

例2: Getting enough vitamins is essential to life, although the body has no nutritional use for excess vitamins. Many people ______ believe in being on the "safe side" and thus take extra vitamins.

A. nevertheless

B. therefore

C. moreover

D. meanwhile

解析：A。从句意可知，尽管服用额外的维生素是没用的，但很多人还是会服用。Nevertheless的意思是“尽管如此，然而”，符合句意。

二、高考英语完形填空能力训练

Passage 1

To be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of a good actor; you must be able to hold the attention and interest of your students, you must be __1__-speaking, with a good, strong, __2__ voice which is fully under your control; and you must be able to __3__what you are teaching, in order to make its meaning clear.

__4__ a good teacher, and you will see that he does not sit still before his class; he __5__the whole time he is teaching; he walks about, using his __6__, hands and fingers to help him in his explanations, and his face to express his __7__. Listen to him, and you will __8__the loudness, the quality and the musical note of his voice always __9__according to what he is talking about. The fact that a good teacher has some of the gifts of a good actor doesn't __10__that he will indeed be able to act well on the stage, for there are very important __11__between the teacher's work and the actor's. The __12__has to speak words which he has learnt by heart; he has to repeat exactly the __13__words each time he plays a certain part, even his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually __14__beforehand. What he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem __15__on the stage.

1. A. clear B. slow C. small D. low

2. A. frightening B. fearing C. exciting D. pleasing

3. A. act out B. talk C. say D. repeat

4. A. Listen B. Look C. Watch D. Learn

5. A. stands B. sits C. lies D. talks

6. A. tongue B. words C. legs D. arms

7. A. attention B. thanks C. feelings D. sentences

8. A. hear B. see C. think D. guess

9. A. making B. changing C. expressing D. giving

10. A. tell B. express C. show D. mean

11. A. things B. differences C. points D. jobs

12. A. actor B. teacher C. boy D. student

13. A. different B. same C. above D. following

14. A. read B. known C. fixed D. written

15. A. natural B. bad C. false D. clear

Passage 2

The word “plastic” comes from the Greek word “Platicos” and is used to describe __1__which can be easily shaped.

The history of plastics is longer than you might __2__.In fact __3__ manmade plastics ever to appear on the market was made over a hundred years ago. It was called “celluloid(赛璐璐)”. It was discovered by both an Englishman and an American in the same year. __4__ it was the Americans who first produced it on a large scale during the year 1860. Everybody was __5__ by this new material which could be moulded into shapes and __6__ so cheap to buy.

Poor young men __7__ in cities with lots of smoke and dirt were __8__ to buy white celluloid collars. The collars were hard and uncomfortable. But they did not have to be sent to wash. The poor young men __9__ rub them clean every evening with soap and water! Poor mothers,

__10__ had not been able to afford playthings __11__ their children, were now able to buy them playthings __12__ of celluloid. But celluloid had one very serious fault. It caught fire very easily. In fact

it burned even more quickly than wood or cloth. There were many terrible accidents, particularly __13__ children. For years scientists worked hard to find a better plastic material than celluloid. They had __14__ success. Then in 1932 an American scientist called Baekeland produced a hard plastic material which did not burn. __15__ became known as bakelite(酚醛塑料).Other plastic materials like bakelite were also produced. They were used to make electrical fittings and plates and cups. Poor people liked them because they were both cheap and safe, but rich people disliked them because they were cheap, and because they could only be made in dark colours.

1. A. something B. everything C. thing D. anything

2. A. wish B. think C. want D. hope

3. A. first B. at first C. for the first D. the first

4. A. So B. But C. And D. As

5. A. surprised B. excited C. told D. frightened

6. A. be B. were C. was D. is

7. A. waiting B. running C. walking D. working

8. A. going B. sure C. about D. able

9. A. could B. ought to C. must D. should

10. A. which B. who C. whom D. that

11. A. for B. like C. in D. of

12. A. done B. produced C. worked D. made

13. A. between B. on C. among D. about

14. A. much B. great. C. never D. little

15. A. The man B. He C. It D. The scientist

Passage 3

In Britain, people have different attitudes to the police. Most people generally __1__ them and the job they do—although there are certain people who do not believe that the police __2__ have the power that they do.

What does a policeman actually do? It is not __3__ job to describe. After all, a policeman has a number

of jobs in __4__. A policeman often has to control traffic, either __5__ foot in the centre of a town, or in a police car on the roads. Indeed, in Britain, he might be in the Traffic Police and spend all, or a lot of, his time __6__ up and down main roads and motorways. A traffic policeman has to help keep the traffic moving, stop __7__ motorists and help when there is an accident.

A policeman has to help keep the __8__, too. If there is a fight or some other disturbance, we __9__ the police to come and restore order. And they often have to __10__ situation at great risk to their own __11__. We expect the police to solve crimes, of course, so an ordinary policeman, __12__ he is not a detective, will often have to help_13_and arrest criminals.

And __14__ do we call when there is an emergency—an air crash, a __15__, a road accident, or a robbery? We call the police. So a policeman has to be prepared to face any unpleasant emergency that may happen in the modern world.

1. A. dislike B. join C. appreciate D. admire

2. A. should B. would C. could D. must

3. A. a funny B. a pleasant C. an interesting D. an easy

4. A. it B. one C. his D. them

5. A. on B. by C. under D. with

6. A. walking B. driving C. wandering D. searching

7. A. resting B. tired C. speeding D. drunken

8. A. peace B. silence C. situation D. condition

9. A. wait for B. call C. think of D. expect

10. A. turn to B. avoid C. deal with D. treat

11. A. safety B. families C. future D. friends

12. A. although B. as if C. however D. even if

13. A. get rid of B. question C. look for D. sentence

14. A. how B. where C. what D. who

15. A. power failure B. fire C. thunder storm D. thief

Passage 4

Marriage is still a popular institution in the United States, but divorce is becoming __1__ as “popular”. Most American people get married, __2__, at the present time, and fifty percent of American marriages end __3__ divorce. However, four out of five divorced people do not __4__ single. They get married a second time to __5__ partners. Sociologists tell us that in the next century, __6__ American people will marry three __7__ four times in one lifetime. Alvin Toffler, an American sociologist, __8__ this new social form serial marriages. In his book Future Shock, Toffler gives many __9__ for this change in American marriage. In modern society, __10__ lives don't stay the same for very long. Americans __11__ change their jobs, their homes, and their circles of __12__. So, the person who was a __13__ husband or wife ten years ago is sometimes not as good ten years __14__. After some years of marriage, a husband and wife can __15 __ that their lives have become very different, and they don't share the same interests anymore.

1. A. already B. almost C. ever D. even

2. A. anyway B. then C. but D. therefore

3. A. with B. from C. in D. for

4. A. live B. take C. make D. stay

5. A .new B. old C. young D. pretty

6. A. most B. main C. few D. mostly

7. A. and B. by C. or D. to

8. A. asks B. calls C. tells D. lets

9. A. causes B. chances C. problems D. reasons

10. A. human's B. people's C. person's D. man's

11. A. frequently B. quickly C. rapidly D. fast

12. A. parents B. classmates C. neighbors D. friends

13. A. polite B. strict C. good D. unfriendly

14. A. late B. latter C. lately D. later

15. A. imagine B. feel C. believe D. suppose

Passage 5

The word “sharp” can be __1__ to describe many different things in your home, classroom, and places of work. In this chapter, the writer __2__ sharp pencils, meaning pencils with a very fine __3__. The writer does not like dull pencils.

We can also use “sharp” to describe the blades of knives. Knives also have points. We can use “sharp” to describe a __4__ kind of point, __5__ as the sharp points of kitchen and steak knives. Scissors have blades, too, and we can describe these blades as sharp or dull. Furthermore, the points of scissors are __6__ sharp or rounded __7__ on the kind of scissors. Some tools, such as saws, scrapers, and garden tools, also have blades. We can use the words “sharp” and “dull” to describe the blades of these tools, __8__.Sharp knives, scissors, and tools are __9__ to use. They cut things easily and quickly, without effort.

“Sharp” can be used to describe the edges of furniture and __10__ some containers. For example, the edge of a table or desk can be __11__. In addition; we can describe the edge of __12__ open can as sharp. The top of a can is sometimes sharp __13__ to cut your hand. A piece of __14__ from a broken jar or bottle is __15__ very sharp.

1. A. written B. used C. seen D. taken

2. A. talks about B. takes care of C. doesn't like to mention D. makes up his mind to

3. A. sharp B. color C. point D. edge

4. A. some B. any C. only D. certain

5. A. so B. as soon C. such D. or

6. A. either B. neither C. too D. very

7. A. working B. which are C. is D. spending

8. A. too B. even C. either D. ever

9. A. difficult B. easy C. interesting D. clean

10. A. for B. with C. of D. at

11. A. seen B. sharp C. smooth D. hard

12. A. an B. a C. the D.\

13. A. so as B. in order C. so that D. enough

14. A. news B. glass C. information D. advice

15. A. again B. quite C. rather D. ordinarily

高考英语完形填空解题思路与训练答案与解析

Passage 1

1. A

2. D。clear, good, strong和pleasing都是用来说明一位优秀的教师必备的条件。

3. A。为了使意义表达得更清楚,教师必须能够把所教的东西表演出来。

4. C

5. A

6. D

7. C。观察一位优秀的教师上课,你就会发现他不是一动不动地坐在全班学生面前,在整个教学过程中,他一直站着,他四处走动,借助双臂、双手和手指来解释,面部表情表达着自己的思想感情。

8. A

9. B。听他讲课,你会听到他那抑扬顿挫、悦耳动听的声音总是随着他所讲的内容变化着。

10. D

11. B。一位优秀的教师具有好演员的天赋这一事实并不意味着他在舞台上确实能演好戏,因为教师的工作和演员的工作有着重要的区别。

12. A 13. B 14. C

15. A。演员必须背台词,每次他扮演某个角色时,他都得准确地重复同样的台词,甚至是他的舞台动作和说话方式都是事先固定下来的,他需要做的就是使这些认真背下来的台词在舞台上表演得自然些。

Passage 2

1.这句话表示“plastic”这个单词最早来源于希腊语“platicos”而且被用来描述那些容易成形的东西。答案为A。

2.塑料的历史要比你所想到的历史长。答案为B。

3.这里表示最早的、最先的。答案为D。

4.这里表示虽然英美两国同年发现，但是美国人率先生产。答案为B。

5. be excited by“因为……而激动”。答案为B。

6.它的主语是“which”，而“which”指的是this new material，所以用单数。答案为C。

7. working in cities是现在分词短语做后置定语。这里指的是在城市里工作的贫穷的年轻人。答案为D。

8. be able to表示“能够”。答案为D。

9.could表示“能够”。答案为A。

10.这是一个非限定性定语从句，who指的是前边提到的poor mothers,在非限定性定语从句中作主语。答案为who。答案为B。

11. A表示“为”，在这里指的是那些贫穷的母亲不能给孩子们买起玩具。答案为A。

12. “made of”表示“由……制成”。答案为D。

13.“among children”表示“在孩子们当中”。答案为C。

14.“little success”表示“没有成功”。答案为D。

15. It指的是前面所提到“a hard plastic material”。答案为C。

Passage 3

1. 由下文观点排除A、B，作者是欣赏警察行事的态度与精神，而不是羡慕。答案为C。

2. should指应该，此处译为“一些人认为警察不应该有他们有的权力”。答案为A。

3. 由下文可知，警察工作很繁忙，所以是不容易的。答案为D。

4. 由下文可知，一个警察要做很多工作，所以“a number of jobs in one”。答案为B。

5. 固定短语“on foot”。答案为A。

6. 在motorway上不能步行，只能行车，所以选driving。答案为B。

7. speeding motorists是超速的机动车辆。答案为C。

8. 下文说“there is a fight”可知上文要警察维护和平。答案为A。

9. “wait for”是等待某人，call是打电话召某人，think of是想起，expect sb to do sth是期待某人做某事。答案为D。

10. 警察面对情况是要处理的，所以要用deal with；treat是对待、治疗的意思。答案为C。

11. 警察处理情况也有危险威胁他们安全，所以应选safety, their own safety。答案为A。

12. although与even if都有“虽然但是”之意，但even if有强调之意，此处强调警察的作用。答案为D。

13. “look for”是寻找之意，“get rid of”摆脱，question质问，sentence判处，此处是警察寻找并追捕犯罪分子。答案为C。

14. 此处问“我们将召唤谁，当一个紧急情况发生时”，选疑问代词who。答案为D。

15. 前文说“emergency”是紧急情况，A、B、C、D中只有a fire是紧急情况。答案为B。

Passage 4

1. almost“几乎”，这里表示在美国结婚和离婚都很普通。答案为B。

2.多数美国人结婚，但是，美国又有一半的人最终离婚。答案为C。

3. end in divorce表示“以离婚结束”。答案为C。

4. stay single表示“保持单身”，五分之四离婚的人都不愿意保持单身。答案为D。

5. get married to是一个固定搭配，表示“跟某人结婚”，这里指跟新的、另外的人结婚。答案为A。

6. A表示“多数”。答案为A。

7. C表示“三到四次”，多数美国人一辈子结婚三到四次。答案为C。

8. call表“称作，称为”。答案为B。

9. reasons表示“原因，说明……的原因”。答案为D。

10. people's lives表示人们的生活，不会保持很长。答案为B。

11. frequently表示“经常地，不断地”，在这里指美国人不断地改变自己的工作。答案为A。

12. 他们的朋友圈子也在改变。答案为D。

13. 人们的审美标准在不断地发生变化。答案为C。

14. 十年前的标准和十年后的标准有很大区别。答案为D。

15. B表示“感觉到”，答案为B。

Passage 5

1. be used to表示“被用来”。答案为B。

2. A表示“讨论，谈论”。答案为A。

3. 根据意思，要有一个好的笔头。答案为C。

4. a certain kind of表示“某一种”。答案为D。

5. such as表示“比如，像”。答案为C。

6. either …or是一个固定结构，表示“要么……要么”。答案为A。

7. 固定结构。答案为D。

8. too，用在肯定句中，表示“也”。答案为A。

9. be easy to use表示“很容易用”。答案为B。

10. of furniture and of some containers是并列结构。答案为C。

11. 整篇文章就是关于“sharp”。答案为B。

12. open是以元音开头，所以用an。答案为A。

13. sharp enough to do表示“锋利得足够……”。答案为D。

14. 一个玻璃碎片……。答案为B。15. 根据意思来填。答案为D。

完整高中英语完型填空专项练习及答案

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2. 不注意积累答题技巧： （1）忽略文章首句的提示作用； （2）忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系；不要把完形填空当做语法填空来做。完形填空很多选项必须根据上下文才能选出，不是孤立的看本句话。 （3）遇到长句不注意分析句子结构，在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择。 3.时间安排不当： 在几个选项上过分纠缠，追求完美，导致许多本可以做出的题来不及做。 切记：正确的做法是由易到难，先做会做的，再考虑较难的。如有几个题目不确定可将某题的可能的两项填入空格，然后快速地整句整段地默读，选择一项短语或动宾搭配读起来较流畅的。 三、解题步骤： 1.通读全文，熟悉故事结构 细读每段首句，跳过空格，掌握文章大意。 注意阅读语篇技巧： （1）要以意群，语义为单位读，不要逐词逐句地认； （2）要借助视觉扫读，不要手指唇动或无声心读； （3）要从头至尾，一气呵成，不要频繁回读； （4）要直接理解原文，不要逐词逐句地心译； （5）要利用上下文和构词法猜测生词，推测出句意，不要频繁查阅词典；

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做好高考英语完形填空的14种技巧 1?跳读首尾句进行预测一般来讲，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳读这两句J便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什么。若首句交代了When J where, who, What，即四个W，那么就是记叙文，很可能就是一个故事，为了测试语篇的理解能力，出题者特别注意选材的趣味性，其结尾往往出人意料，耐人寻味；若首句是提出或解释说明某事物，一般来说是说明文；若首句提出一个论点，那么就是议论文。 首句往往开宗明义，是文章的主题。细读首句可启示全文。而尾句又往往是对 文章主题的总结。所以，它们是了解文章大意的一个窗口，对我们理解全文有着重 要的启示作用。因此，要充分利用段首句提供的信息，去挖掘文章的思路，寻找文 章的脉络与线索。 EVel yn Glennie WaS the first IaCly Of SOIO PerCUSSi On in SCOtIancl .In an in terview, She recalled how She became a PerCUSSi On SOIOiS 打（击乐器独奏演员）in SPite Of her CliSabiIity.本文主要讲述的是苏格兰第一位女打击乐器独奏演员EVel yn GIe nnie在耳聋的情况下成功学习打击乐器的经历。根据首句给出的信息，下面我们可以猜想EVeIyn GIe nnie学习打击乐器过程必然充满困难，而能够在耳聋的情况下学习打击乐器，EVeIyn GIennie对音乐肯定也是充满热情的。 2.利用语法分析解题完形填空虽然以语境填空为主，但也有部分考查语法项目的 题目。对于这 类题，考生可以利用平时所学的词汇知识，分析单词（组）的使用范围、动词的及物和不及物，并利用句子结构、句式特点等知识全面衡量所有选项排除干扰。如：__ 51 ____ do you SUPPOSe he asked for them? 51 ? A. What B. HOW C. WhO D. WhiCh 【解析】本题中，do you SUPPOSe为插入成分。he asked for them是一个相对独立和完整的句子，因此空格处应该用副词HOW来修饰谓语动词asked,而不能用代词What5 WhO或WhiChO __ 8 ____ I had been born in the 16th CentUry J I WOUICl have had no job. 8.A. BeCaUSe B. While C. If D. SinCe 【解析】根据后面的I had been born in the 16th CentUry可知这只是个假设 5 是一个虚拟语气的条件句。故前面要用if引导。 3.利用固定搭配解题完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要体现在习惯用法和 同义词、近义词 的辨析两方面。习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，即所谓的“习语"，不能随意改动。所以，考生平时应掌握好习惯用法。对词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势。要做好这类题，需要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力、词语辨