定语从句与同位语从句、强调句、状语从句的区别(汇编)

定语从句与同位语从句、强调句的区别

一、定语从句

1. 定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词、词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which；关系副词有：when, where, why。

2. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

（1）限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。书写时不用逗号与先行词分开。

例：This is the boy who broke the window.

（2）非限制性定语从句在意义上只是一个附加修饰语，对先行词或主句作些附加的说明。如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。书写时往往用逗号与先行词分开。

例：I, who am your friend, will share the work with you.

3. 非限制性定语从句的“四个不能”：

（1）非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引导。

（2）非限制性定语从句不能用why引导，要用for which 代替。

例：I had told them the reason, for which I didn’t attend the meeting.

（3）由“介词+关系代词”引导时，关系代词不能用as。

（4）指人的关系代词作宾语时用whom，不能省略。

4. 在定语从句中，下列情况的关系词用that而不用which:

（1）先行词被形容词最高级、序数词、数词等几种词修饰或被only, any, few, little, no, all, one of等修饰时。

例：This is the best film that I have ever read.

（2）先行词为all, much, little, none, few, one, something, everything, anything等不定代词时。

例：He told me everything that he knows.

（3）先行词中既有人又有物时。

例：He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels that filled his bus.

（4）先行词在主句中作表语或关系词在定语从句中作表语时。

例：The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.

（5）当主句中含有疑问词which时；或者句中已经有who或which，为了避免重复时。

例：Which are the books that you bought for me ?

5. 其他注意事项

（1）当the way做先行词时，只用that, in which或不用关系词。

例：What surprised me was not what he said but the way he said it.

（2）在限制性定语从句中，名词前有such和the same修饰时，关系代词用as不能用which。

例：Don’t read such books as you can’t understand.

（3）在非限制性定语从句中，as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如，像”的含义，可以

放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引导的从句只能放主句后，并无“正如”的意思。

例：They won the game, as we had expected.

They won the game, which we hadn’t expected.

6. 定语从句与先行词被分割开来的现象

定语从句一般紧接被它所修饰的先行词；但有时候它和先行词之间有可能插入其他成分，使它与先行词分隔开来，这种定语从句叫作被分隔的定语从句。在阅读文章时会经常遇到这种情况，阅读时要注意识别先行词的修饰对象。

（1）在定语从句加中插入语，常见的有：I think, I suppose, I guess, I imagine等。辨别的方法是：去掉插入

语后，原句句法结构仍然完整。

例：He made another wonderful discovery, which I think is of importance to science .

（2）在先行词与定语从句之间插入一个状语。

例：There are many thousands of stars in the sky that are like the sun.

（3）在先行词与定语从句之间插入一个定语。

例：Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond

necklace?

你还记得吗，十年前的一天下午，我来到你家，找你借了一条钻石项链？

（4）先行词与定语从句被谓语分隔开来。此时，先行词通常是句子的主语，因定语从句较长，主句谓语较短，为使句子平衡，常将定语从句移至谓语之后。

例：A new master will come tomorrow who will teach you German.

7. 几个特殊的定语从句句型

（1）He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks in the match. （句中one为先行词）He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match. （句中students为先行词）

（2）Is this place the one (that) we visited yesterday? （句中the one为先行词）Is this the place (that / which) we visited yesterday ? （句中the place为先行词）

（3）He stood at the window, from where he could see what was happening.

（4）It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.

8. 定语从句的做题方法：

（1）找出主句，确定先行词；

（2）找出从句，判断从句是否完整（是否符合简单句的基本构成）--- 否，用关系代词；是，用关系副词。

二、同位语从句

1. 同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。

同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，而且不能省略。

例：The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.

2. 同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。

例：He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.

三、定语从句与同位语从句的区别

1. 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时可以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语）；而同位语从句中的that 是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。

2. 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述先行词的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。

例：The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.

第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语。

The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.

同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分，用于说明news的内容。

【注意】当主句的谓语部分过短时而从句过长时，同位语从句放在谓语动词的后面，避免头重脚轻。

例：Word came that our team had won the game.

四、定语从句与状语从句的区别

1. 定语从句的前面有名词作先行词，而状语从句没有先行词。

例：This is the place where we used to live a few years ago.

这是几年前我们居住的地方。（定语从句，先行词为the place）

Let’s go where we can find a better job.

我们到能找到更好的工作的地方去吧。（地点状语从句）

2. 定语从句修饰、限制、说明名词，只能放在先行词的后面，而状语从句说明动作发生的情况，并且可以

放在主句的前面。

例：Do you know the time when the class is over? 你知道下课的时间吗？（定语从句）When the class was over, it was already five o’clock. 当下课时己经是5点了。（时间状语从句）3. When, where和why在引导定语从句时可以用“介词＋which”的结构来替换，在引导状语从句时却不行。

例：This is the factory in which (where) his father once worked.

这就是他的父亲曾经工作过的那个工厂。（定语从句）

Put back the book where it was. 把书放回原处。（状语从句）

4. 定语从句中的关系词在从句中充当某种句子成分，因此去掉它则从句成分不完整；而结果状语从句中的

连接词在从句中不作任何成分，去掉后从句的成分仍然完整。

例：It is such an interesting book as we all like.

as用作动词like的宾语，它引导的是定语从句。

It is such an interesting book that we all like it.

that不充当句子成分，故它引导的是结果状语从句。

五、强调句

1. 强调句型的基本结构：It is / was + 被强调部分（主语、宾语、宾语补足语或状等） + that / who +句子

(完整版)同位语从句和定语从句练习

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定语从句与强调句和状语从句的区别

定语从句与其易混淆句型的辨析 众所周知，定语从句是高中英语学习中的一个语法重点，老师、同学们都对此予以重点关注。由此造成了这样一种现象：做题时，一遇到从句就往定语从句上想，尤其容易把一些形式上与定语从句相似的句型（主要是同位语从句、强调句、地点和时间状语从句）也当作定语从句来理解，结果产生错误。因此，从某个方面来说，解答定语从句题的关键是弄清它和易混淆句型之间的区别。 一、定语从句与同位语从句 定语从句和同位语从句都置于被修饰的名词或代词之后，形式上非常相似，尤其是由that引导时，最难区分。实际上，两者的根本区别在于句法功能不同，与先行词的关系不同。 1. 句法功能不同 定语从句相当于一个形容词，用来修饰、描述或限制其前面的名词、代词（称为先行词）或整个句子；同位语从句则相当于一个名词，是先行词所述内容的展开，即说明先行词的具体内容。 定语从句的引导词that在从句中一定充当句子成分；而同位语从句中的引导词that（被称为连接代词）在从句中只起连接作用，不充当任何句子成分。 定语从句的引导词在从句中作宾语或状语时，可以省略或被其他词代替；而同位语从句的引导词则一般不能省略，也不能被代替。 例1The news （that / which）we picked up from his informal conversation is true.我们从他的闲谈中听到的那个消息是真实的。 例2The news that Mr Li will teach us English next semester is true. 李先生下学期将教我们英语这个消息是真实的。 点评：例1的中that从句是定语从句，其作用相当于一个形容词，用来限定the news，that在从句中作宾语，可省略。例2中的that从句是同位语从句，其作用相当于一个名词，本身就是the news的内容，that不能省略。 2. 与先行词关系不同 定语从句所修饰、限定的先行词可以是名词或代词，当that省略时，定语从句本身是一个不完整的句子。而同位语从句通常与一些本身有具体内容可展开的名词连用，对这些名词进行补充说明或解释。常见的此类名词有：answer，belief，doubt，decision，explanation，fact，hope，idea，information，message，news，order，possibility，problem，promise，question，reason，story，suggestion，thought，truth等。同位语从句本身是一个完整的句子，常用that连接而不是用which 引导，that本身不充当句子成分，表示疑问意义的名词（如doubt，question等）后也可用whether，who，what等疑问词引导。 例3The fact (that / which) she told me yesterday is very important.她昨天告诉我的事实非常重要。 例4The fact that she hasn’t known the result of the examination is clear.她还不知道考试成绩这个事实是显而易见的。

定语从句与同位语从句的区分

定语从句与同位语从句的区分 一、定语从句相当于一个形容词, 它对先行词起修饰、描述和限制的作用。同位语从句相当于名词，属于名词性从句，它是对前面名词内容的具体表述，它们之间的关系是同位关系。试比较： The news that you heard is not true. 你听到的那个消息不是真的。（定语从句） The news that he has died is true. 他已经去世的消息是真的。（同位语从句，说明了news 的具体内容，即he has died） 二、同位语从句常跟在news, fact, promise, idea, word, message, hope, truth, answer, proposal, suggestion, order, information 等少数名词之后，而一般名词之后都可跟定语从句。如： The suggestion that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman. 采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。 He didn\\'t give the answer why he was late. 他没回答他为什么迟到这个问题。（同位语从句） Then rose a question where we should go. 于是产生了一个问题：我们该到哪里去？（同位语从句） 三、that 在定语从句中充当某一成分, 是关系代词; that 在同位语从句中不作任何成分，仅把主句与从句连接在一起，是从属连词。如： The fact that just now you talked about interests me. 你们刚才谈论的事情使我感兴趣。（定语从句） The fact that he failed in the exam made his parents very angry. 他考试没及格这个事实使他的父母很生气。（同位语从句） 四、when, where, why, how, who, whom, which 如果引导定语从句, 它们分别指前面先行词所表示的时间、地点、原因、方式、人和物，否则引导的就是同位语从句。试比较：

强调句与定语从句的区别

强调句与定语从句的区别 【原题复现】27.It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. A. where B．that C．when D. which 【语法补漏】 强调句与定语从句的区别是：在定语从句中一般使用关系代词that, which，who, whom或关系副词when, where，why等,先行词(中心词)一般是名词或名词短语，而在强调句中，可以用副词、介词短语或从句来作被强调的内容。；而在强调句中则主要使用that，who； 有时强调句在形式上和定语从句、状语从句很相似。我们除了从意思上进行区分外，还能根据强调句的结构特点来进行判断，如能去掉It was...that...后，句子仍然通顺，就是强调句。这一点很重要. 试比较：①It is a question that needs careful consideration. ②It is novels that Miss Williams enjoys reading. 简析：句①是含有定语从句的句子，在此It是指示代词，It is a question是个"主语+系动词+表语"结构，如果去掉It is...that,句子结构就不完整了。句②是强调句，在此It是个引导词，没有具体含义，如果去掉It is...that，把语序稍加调整，句子结构仍然是完整的。 区分定语从句与强调句区分定语从句和强调句可用还原法，因为强调句的基本句式为It is (was)+被强调部分+that+句子的其余部分，因此只需将it is(was) 后面的部分还原到原来的句子中，如果成份完整，则为强调句，如果成份不完整则为定语从句。 1) It is this street _______I happened to meet him. It is in this street _______I happened to meet him. [ ] A．that B．where C．which D．from which 首先，我们看到主句部分为it is…结构，可能是定语从句可能是强调句，利用还原法，将两部分分别还原，得出1．I happened to meet him this street. 2．I happened to meet him in this street. 1句子成份不完整，为定语从句，用where；2句子成份完整为强调句，选that。 2) Where did you meet him? It is in the cinema_______ I met him. It is in the cinema_______ door faces west. [ ] A．that B．where C．whose D．which 仍然采取还原法，得出1．I met him in the cinema. 2．Door faces west in the cinema. 1句子成份完整，确定为强调句，用that选A；2明显不是一个意思表达清楚的句子，其实本句是一个省略句，全句为：It is in the cinema _______door faces west that I met him. 强调句部分已经省略，而句中door faces west 是一个定语从句，表示门朝西开的电影院，因此选C，whose 在做题中我们经常可以看见带有定语从句的强调句，这时仍可用还原法加以辨别： (1) Was it in the cinema _______Smith met you _______you saw the film? A．that, that B．whom, then C．where, that D．which, where (C) (2) Where did you found XingMing? It was in the office _______he worked. A．this B．which C．where D．/ (C) 【高考题互动】 01、(08全国卷II’20) It was in New Zealand ___ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. A. that B. how C. which D. when 02、(08天津卷’08)It was along the Mississippi River _______ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. A. how B. which C. that D. where 03、(08重庆卷’22)It was not until midnight they reached the camp site.

定语从句、强调句相应练习

定语从句、强调句练习 1．All ____ should be done has been done. A. what B. which C. that D. whatever 2.Was it during the Second World War__he died？ A.that B.while C.in which D.then 3.I feel it is your husband who__for the spoiled child. A.is to blame B.is going to blame C.is to be blamed D.should blame 4．I, ____ your best friend, will try my best to help you. A. who is B. who am C. that is D. which am 5.It was __ I met Mr. Smith in London. A.many years that B.for many years since C.since many years ago when D.many years ago that 6.It was the dean__walked by. A.where B.who C.what D.which 7．Leilei is the girl _____ pronunciation is the best in our class. A. whose B. who C. who’s D. that 8．Can you lend me the book ______ the other day? A. you talked about it B. that you talked C. about that you talked D. you talked about 9．The two old friends talked about the persons and places _____ impressed them most. A. which B. who C. where D. that 10．These articles are written in simple language, _____ makes it easy to read. A. that B. this C. which D. it 11．My father works in the factory _____ this type of truck is made.

同位语从句和定语从句的三点区别

同位语从句和定语从句的三点区别 同位语从句和定语从句很相似,但还是有区别的,区别主要在以下三方面: 1. 从词类上区别 同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibilit y,promise,order等有一定内涵的名词，而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或是整个主句。如: The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed.人们经常讨论大多数劳动力将会在家里工作的可能性(同位语从句) We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting. 我们正在调查的问题不是他是否值得信赖的问题(同位语从句) Word came that he had been abroad. 据说他已经出国了(同位语从句) Our team has won the game, which made us very happy. 我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴(定语从句) The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room. 你找的那位医生在房间里面(定语从句) His mother did all she could to help him with his study. 他妈妈尽她的最大努力帮助他的学习(定语从句,代词all作先行词?) 2. 从性质上区别 定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴如:

强调句与定语从句的区别

II 强调句与定语从句的区别 【原题复现】 27.lt was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village ________ the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. A. where B . that C . when D. which 【语法补漏】 强调句与定语从句的区别是：在定语从句中一般使用关系代词 that, which , who, whom 或关系副词 when, where , why 等，先行词仲心词)一般是名词或名词短语，而在强调句中，可以用副词、介词短语或从句来作 被强调的内容。；而在强调句中则主要使用 that ，who ； 有时强调句在形式上和定语从句、状语从句很相似。我们除了从意思上进行区分外，还能根据强调句的结 构特点来进行判断，如能去掉 It was...that...后，句子仍然通顺，就是强调句。这一点很重要 . 试比较：① It is a question that needs careful consideration. ② It is novels that Miss Williams enjoys reading. 简析：句①是含有定语从句的句子，在此 It 是指示代词，It is a question 是个"主语+系动词+表语"结构， 如果去掉It is...that,句子结构就不完整了。句②是强调句，在此 It 是个引导词，没有具体含义，如果去掉 It is...that ，把语序稍加调整，句子结构仍然是完整的。 区分定语从句与强调句 区分定语从句和强调句可用还原法， 因为强调句的基本句式为 It is (was)+被强调部 分+that+句子的其余部分，因此只需将 it is(was)后面的部分还原到原来的句子中，如果成份完整，则为强 调句，如果成份不完整则为定语从句。 1) It is this street _____ I happened to meet him. It is in this street _______ I happened to meet him. [] A . that B . where C . which D . from which 首先，我们看到主句部分为 it is …结构，可能是定语从句可能是强调句，利用还原法，将两部分分别还原， 得出 1. I happened to meet him this street. 2. I happened to meet him in this street. 1 句子成份不完整，为定语 从句，用where ； 2句子成份完整为强调句，选 that 。 2) Where did you meet him? It is in the cinema ______ I met him. It is in the cinema _______ door faces west. [] A . that B . where C . whose D . which 仍然采取还原法， 得出1 . I met him in the cinema. 2 . Door faces west in the cinema. 1句子成份完整， 确定为 强调句，用that 选A ；2明显不是一个意思表达清楚的句子， 其实本句是一个省略句，全句为：It is in the cinema ______ door faces west that I met him.强调句部分已经省略，而句中 door faces west 是一个定语从句，表示 门朝西开的电影院，因此选 C ，whose 在做题中我们经常可以看见带有定语从句的强调句，这时仍可用还 原法加以辨别： ⑴ Was it in the cinema ______ Smith met you ______ you saw the film? A . that, that B . whom, then C . where, that D . which, where (C) (2) Where did you found XingMing? It was in the office ______ he worked. 【高考题互动】 20) It was in New Zeala nd B. how Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. D. whe n 22)It was not un til mid ni ght they reached the camp 02、(08天津卷' childhood. 08)It was along the Mississippi River Mark Twain spe nt much of his A. how B. which C. that D. where A . this B . which C . where (C) 01、(08全国卷 A. that C. which 03、(08重庆卷'

同位语从句、定语从句辨析

同位语从句与定语从句异同 一. 同位语从句与定语从句的相似点 1．同位语从句与定语从句都可以译成定语 同位语从句： The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. 我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。 定语从句： The news that you told us is really encouraging. 你告诉我们的消息真的令人鼓舞。 2．同位语从句与定语从句都可以用that引导 同位语从句： The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.学生应该学些实用的东西的建议值得考虑。 定语从句： The suggestion that is worth considering is that the students should learn something practical.值得考虑的建议是学生应该学些实用的东西。 3.同位语从句与定语从句和其它名词性从句一样也要用陈述语序 同位语从句： Have you any idea where have they gone？(语序错误) Have you any idea where they have gone？你知道他们去哪里了吗？ 定语从句： Do you remember the day when did you join our club?（语序错误） Do you remember the day when you joined our club? 你记得自己什么时候参加我们俱乐部的吗 二.同位语从句的独特用法 1.同位语从句有时也可以用whether来引导,但是定语从句则一般不用whether来引导。 例如: The problem (of) whether they could finish the project is very important. 他们是否能够按期完成那个项目,这个问题非常重要。 2.某些名词后的同位语从句，其谓语动词应用虚拟语气形式：（should）+ 动词原形。常见的名词有advice, suggestion, order, demand, proposal, request等。 例如：The advice that he (should) be invited to the party was taken. 应该邀请他到晚会的建议被采纳了。 三.同位语从句与定语从句的区分方法 1.从从句与先行词的关系区分同位语从句与定语从句 从语义角度看，同位语从句与先行词之间存在的是同位或等同的关系，而定语从句与先行词之间存在的是所属关系，表示“……的”，起修饰限定作用。例如： 同位语从句： The news that she had passed the exam made her parents very happy. 她考试及格的消息使她父母很高兴。（that之后是news的具体内容） 定语从句： The news that he told us interested all of us. 他告诉我们的消息使大家都感兴趣。（that之后是对news的解释） 2.从引导词的作用区分同位语从句与定语从句 从语法角度来看，引导同位语从句的that是连词，只起语法作用，用来连接同位语从句，

定语从句和强调句的区别

定语从句和强调句的区别 一、限定性定语从句 1. that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词，介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置 2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which 之间的介词不能丢 3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略 4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语 5. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句 6. when引导定语从句表示时间 〔注〕值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导 By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. I still remember the first time I met her. Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc. 7. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格

(完整版)同位语从句与定语从句的区别(很经典的区别,有配套练习与答案)

一、复习定语从句 1.定义：该句子在复合句中作定语，像形容词一样起修饰作用。 2.特点：1)用陈述句语序。2)去掉从句主句仍是一个统统的句子。 3.位置：位于所修饰的名词之后，该名词叫做先行词。 4.引导词：1）关系代词： a)在从句中可做主语，宾语，定语。 b)分为：先行词为人：who(主，宾)，whom(宾)，whose(定), that（主，宾）先行词为物：which(主，宾), that（主，宾）,whose（定）eg：The lady who is standing behind Tom is my sister.This is the book which I bought yesterday. c)关系代词在从句xx宾语常常省略。 2）关系副词：a)在从句xx状语。 b)分为：when , where, why eg：He came last night when I was out. 新内容： 1.词类：同从的名词只能是抽象名词;定从可是名词也可是代词 I can’t stand the terrible noise that she is crying loudly. His mother did all she could to help him with his study. 2.性质：同从对前面的抽象名词进一步解释说明;定从对先行词进行修饰和限制。 The news that our team has won the game was true. The news that he told me yesterday was true.

3.引导词: a.同为that引导：同从中，that不充任任何成分，不可省;定从中，that作主，宾。作宾语时可省。同从引导词表疑问，定从不表疑问 I have no idea what has happened to him. I remember the day when he told me that he loved me. 一，单选。 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/7a6057408.html,rmation has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admittedinto universities. A. while B. that C. when D. as 2.It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities，this is theinformation ____ has been put forward. A. what B. that C. when D. as 3.She heard a terrible noise,____ brought her heart into her mouth.(MET91) A. it B. which C. this D. that 4.I can“t stand the terrible noise ____ she is crying loudly. A. it B. which C. this D. that 二，指出同位语从句和定语从句，并翻译指定的句子。 1.The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed.(同位语从句)（翻译） 2.We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting.(同位语从句)（翻译） 3.Word came that he had been abroad. (同位语从句) 4. The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help theother groups. (定语从句,是名词order的修饰语,that在从句中作received的宾语,可以省