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Step By Step 2000 Book 3 Unit 1 World News Up in Space1

Step By Step 2000 Book 3

Unit 1 World News Up in Space

Part I Warming Up

Vocalbulary:

1. dock [d?k] n. 码头,船坞v. 靠码头,入坞

2. triumph […trai?mf] n. 凯旋,欢欣v. 得胜,成功

3. order back 命令返回

4. launch [l?:nt?, lɑ:nt?] n.&v. 下水,发射,开始

5. fledging n. 羽毛初长的雏鸟,刚会飞的幼鸟,无经验的人

6. outpost […autp?ust] n. 前哨,前哨基地,警戒部队

7. checkout ['t?ekaut] n. 检查(调整,验算,检查输出结果,工时扣除)

8. revive [ri'vaiv] v. 使...生醒,复生,恢复精神

9. probe [pr?ub] n. 探针,调查,探测针v. 用探针测,详细调查

10. volcanic [v?l…k?nik] a. 火山的

11. daunting [d?:nti?] a. 令人畏惧的

12. abbreviated [?bri:vi…eit] a. 简短的, 仅可蔽体的,小型的

13. space shuttle n. 航天飞机

14. panel[…p?nl] n. 面板,嵌板,仪表盘,座谈小组

15. spacecraft n.宇宙飞船；航天器

16. fiery […fai?ri] a. 炽热的,热烈的,暴躁的

17. solar system 太阳系

18. pull off v. 努力实现, 赢得

19. power generator 电力发电机

20. fuel cell 燃料电池

21. module n. […m?dju:l][计算机] 模块, 组件，部件

【航空学】航天舱，(航天器的)舱；子机；子船

Part II News Report

Vocabulary:

1. robotic rover 机器漫游车

2. robotic arm 机械臂

3. installment [in'st?:lm?nt] n. 分期付款(安装,一期)

4. retrorocket […retr??r?kit]n.制动火箭

5. descent [di…sent] n. 降落

6. condensate n. 浓缩物，聚合物

7. finale [fi…nɑ:li] [意大利语] n.结局,终了,最后的一个乐章

8. tentatively ['tent?tivli] adv. 试验的

Vocabulary:

1. or ganic molecule[…m?likju:l, ?m?u-] n. 有机分子

2. carbon n. 碳

3. nitrogen n. 氮

4. pockmark […p?kmɑ:k] n. 痘疮

pockmarkd adj. 布满痘痕的

5. asteroid n. 小游星,小行星,海盘车 a. 星状的

6. Stake [steik] n. 木柱,赌注,奖金v. 打赌,下赌注

7. pre-biology n. the beginning of life

Part III China' s space' and aeronautics industry

Vocabulary

1. module n. 【航空学】航天舱，(航天器的)舱；子机；子船

2. unmanned adj. 无人的；无人驾驶的

3. brief v. 对...作简报,摘要

Sb be briefed on sth

对sb就sth做简报

4. map put 详细制定，筹划

5. payload n. (导弹、火箭的)有效载荷，有效负荷，有效载重

Vocabulary:

1. untimately adv. in the end; after everything or everyone else has been

taken into account 最终；最后

2. Shenzhou II “神舟二号”

2001年1月16日19时22分，我国第二艘无人飞船“神舟二号”在内蒙古中部地区成功着陆。至此，飞船按预定计划，在太空飞行了

7天。

Part IV Mir Russia's space glory

Vocabulary:

1. cosmonaut […k?zm?,n?:t]n. (尤指苏联的)宇航员

2. collision [k?…li??n]n. 碰撞,冲突

3. microbe […maikr??b]n. 微生物，细菌

4. flawless ['fl?:lis] adj. 完美的,无瑕疵的

5. Mir (Russian: Мир; lit. Peace or World) was a Soviet (and later Russian) space station. Mir was the world's first consistently inhabited long-term research station in space, and the first of the third generation type of space station, constructed from 1986 to 1996 with a modular design. The station was in operation for fifteen years until 23 March 2001,

when it was deliberately de-orbited, breaking apart during atmospheric re-entry over the South Pacific Ocean.

B .

Vocabulary:

1. cozy […k?uzi] adj. 舒适的

2. art gallery 画廊,美术馆

3. interior [in…ti?ri?] adj. 内部的,内地的,国内的,在内的

n. 内部

4. simulation [,simju…lei??n] n. 模拟,仿真

5. good-luck charm n. 幸运符

something believed to bring good luck

Part I Warming up

1. Endeavor has docked with the ISS. What for?

To provide electricity for science experiments

When will the U.S. laboratory arrive?

Next month

2. What does ISS have now?

A living room and a command center

3. What has been declared by NASA?

Pathfinder's 30-day mission on Mars is a 100 percent success.

4. Who has given up its hope of reviving Pathfinder?

NASA

When did Pathfinder make its last transmission of scientific data from Mars?

At the end of September, 83 days after its landing

5. Why is Galileo heading for another pass by Jupiter's moon IO on Thursday?

To get a closer look at the most volcanic body in solar system

6. What is the daunting task for the crew of Atlantis?

To deliver NASA's $1.4 billion space lab Destiny to the International Space Station

7. What is the purpose of the experiments conducted by astronauts on Columbia?

To confirm a theory that particles in space tend to attract each other and form dust clouds

8. What is Endeavor preparing to do on Monday?

To return home at the Kennedy Space Center after completing repairs on the Hubble Telescope

9. Why has Columbia returned to Earth after an abbreviated stay in space? Because of a mechanical problem

10. What is Discovery doing now? And its crew?

Discovery is playing chase with the Hubble Telescope now.

Its crew is setting up housekeeping and recovering from the effects of weightlessness.

Tapescript:

1. U.S. space shuttle Endeavor has docked with the International Space Station, bearing a gift of energy. The five-man shuttle team arrived to add a set of giant solar power panels to Unity to provide electricity for science experiments that will begin soon after the U.S. laboratory arrives next month.

2. The International Space Station finally has a living room and a command center. The Russian Zvezda module docked earlier today with the fledgling outpost, which is being assembled in space. After a checkout period, it will be ready for the first crew to live in later this year.

3. The U.S. Space Agency NASA has declared its Pathfinder spacecraft mission to Mars a 100 percent success. This week the Pathfinder completed its 30-day planned mission on Mars. A U.S. space official says this spacecraft has fulfilled all its objectives.

4. The United States Space Agency NASA says it's given up any real hope of reviving its space probe on Mars. The spacecraft Pathfinder made its last transmission of scientific data from the surface of Mars at the end of September, 83 days after landing.

5. The U. S. Galileo spacecraft is heading for another pass by Jupiter's

fiery moon IO Thursday to get a closer look at the most volcanic body in our solar system. A pass just 600 kilometers away last month has provided a better understanding of just how active it is.

6. It could be a mission-impossible-type assignment for the crew of the space shuttle Atlantis. They've got the daunting task of delivering

NASA's $1.4 billion space lab Destiny to the International Space Station. If they pull it off, the 15-ton lab will put NASA's flight controllers in charge. Until now Russian controllers have directed operations at the station.

7. Astronauts on the U. S. space shuttle Columbia have conducted experiments to confirm a theory that particles in space tend to attract each other and form dust clouds.

8. The U.S. space shuttle Endeavor is preparing to return home in triumph after completing repairs on the Hubble Telescope. The Endeavor's scheduled to land Monday at the Kennedy Space Center on Florida's Atlantic coast, returning to the site where the mission began eleven days ago.

9. The U.S. space shuttle Columbia has returned to Earth after an abbreviated stay in space because of a mechanical problem. The Space Agency ordered the shuttle back to Earth after one of the three power generators failed Sunday. The generators called "fuel cells" provide all of shuttle's electrical power, and NASA safety rules require the space ship to

return to Earth if any fuel cell fails.

10. Discovery is playing chase with the Hubble Space Telescope right now. The shuttle launch was nearly perfect according to mission managers, and the crew of seven astronauts is setting up housekeeping and recovering from the effects of weightlessness.

Part II News reports

Event: NASA's 12-year program of Mars

--Starting time: 1996

--Finishing time: 2008

First installment:

n Names of spacecraft: the Mars Global Surveyor Orbiter / the

Pathfinder Lander

Arrival time: 1997

Mission: To collect and analyze rocks

Second installment:

-- Names of spacecraft: the Polar Lander / the Mars Climate

Orbiter

Launch time: December

Arrival time: Next December

Mission:

a. To inspect for subsurface water

b. To measure the distribution of water vapor, dust and condensates Grand finale:

-- Launch time: 2005

-- Return time: 2008

-- Mission: To return soil and rock samples to Earth Tapescript:

Of all the U.S. and Russian spacecraft that have traveled to Mars since the 1960s, the Polar Lander is to be the first to touch down near the planet's south pole. The Lander and a companion orbiting craft called the Mars Climate Orbiter, launched in December, are the second installment of a 12-year NASA program (began in 1996) to unlock the secrets of Earth's red neighbor.

The first installment the Mars Global Surveyor Orbiter and the Pathfinder Lander -- arrived in 1997, with Pathfinder's robotic rover collecting and analyzing rocks on a desert about half a world away from the polar landing site.

The Lander is to touch down just above the northern-most edge of the south polar ice cap, believed to be a mixture of water and carbon dioxide.

It will use retrorockets to slow its descent. Once on the ground it will employ a robotic arm resembling a child's toy construction shovel to dig in search of subsurface water. Together with the

newest orbiter now on its way to Mars, the Lander will also measure the distribution of water vapor, dust and condensates in the Martian atmosphere.

While the Polar Lander descends next December, it is to release two speeding probes, each smaller than a basketball. These rugged instruments are to crash at about 640 kilometers per hour and bury themselves into the Martian surface about 100 kilometers away from the Lander's touch-down point. They, too, will be inspecting for subsurface water.

The grand finale of this series of Mars probes is tentatively set for launch in 2005. It would return soil and rock samples to Earth three years later.

Summary:

This news report tells us that an ailing observatory, the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, has been forced to fall from its orbit and crash into a remote area in the Pacific Ocean to avoid deaths and injuries from the falling debris.

Answers to the questions:

1. 9 years

2. 16 metric tons

3. 6 tons

4. About 4,000 kilometers southeast of Hawaii

5. 4,100 kilometers long and 26 kilometers wide

6. Because one of its three stabilizing gyroscopes had failed in December

7. It changed astronomers' view of the heavens after showing that the entire universe is bathed in the invisible gamma rays. Tapescript.

Space Agency NASA forced an ailing observatory to fall from orbit and crash into the Pacific Ocean on Sunday. NASA engineers picked a remote spot to avoid deaths and injuries from the falling debris.

NASA says the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory has made a fiery plunge through the atmosphere into an isolated area of the Pacific.

Most of the nine-year-old satellite was to have burned up in the dive, but about six tons of hot metal were expected to have showered onto an isolated area about four thousand kilometers southeast of Hawaii. NASA had estimated that the debris would scatter over a long, narrow path 41 hundred kilometers long and 26 kilometers wide.

The deliberate crash came after Goddard Space Flight Center technicians directed the observatory early Sunday to fire its thrusters twice to dive into the atmosphere.

NASA felt this was necessary because one of the Compton's three stabilizing gyroscopes had failed in December. The Space Agency decided to bring the 16-metric-ton satellite back now in a controlled manner to prevent possible further system failures from causing it to drop on a populated area. The Compton's path took it over many populated areas, including Mexico City, Bangkok, and Miami.

Compton exceeded its original five-year mission by four years, resulting in about two thousand scientific papers.

The observatory changed astronomers' view of the heavens after showing that the entire universe is bathed in the invisible gamma rays, the highest energy form of light. It discovered hundreds of previously unknown sources of gamma rays, some streaming from black holes, exploding stars, and the sun.

Questions:

1. How old is the Compton?

2. How heavy is the Compton?

3. How many tons of hot metal were expected to plunge into the Pacific?

4. What is the place that has been chosen for the crash of the Compton?

5. How big is the path that the debris of the Compton would scatter

over?

6. Why is it necessary to force the Compton to fall from its orbit?

7. What's the significance of the Compton?

Summary:

This news report tells us that organic molecules have been detected on the moons of the planet Jupiter and some form of life might have evolved there.

Moons of Jupiter Findings

Ganymede

Wrinkled surface pockmarked with impacts from asteroids and comets

Ganymede & Callisto

--Chemical signals showing there are organic molecules containing carbon and nitrogen

-- Evidence of water ice

Europa Deep oceans

Tapescript.

Astronomers in the United States say they have detected organic molecules on the moons of the planet Jupiter which could indicate the conditions are right there for some form of life to have evolved.

After studying the latest findings sent back by the space probe Galileo, the scientists say they have found chemical signals showing that there are organic molecules on the moons containing carbon and nitrogen.

For the past 15 months, the Galileo spacecraft has been orbiting Jupiter studying four of its moons. Photographs of one of them, Ganymede, shows a wrinkled surface pockmarked with impacts from asteroids and comets. But now both on Ganymede and the second moon, Callisto, scientists have detected chemical signals showing there are organic molecules there containing carbon and nitrogen, essential ingredients for life. There is also evidence of water ice there. And on the third moon, Europa, there are deep oceans. There are other possible explanations for the presence of organic molecules on Jupiter's moons. Violent thunderstorms, for example, may produce them. But after the discovery of possible micro fossils on Mars last year, the new evidence raises the stakes. Dr Simon Milton from Cambridge University was at the meeting in America where the results were announced.

"Almost wherever we look in the solar system today with our spacecraft, it's almost like going and looking at different restaurants. It seems that there are many places where there is interesting kind of organic soup on the menu, which could have the

right conditions for pre-biology, the beginnings of life, or even the existence of life."

Galileo took six years to reach Jupiter and practically broke down on the way. But even though it's crippled, its results have been better than scientists have dared to hope.

Part III China' s space' and aeronautics industry

Summary:

This news report is about the safe and accurate return of the unmanned spacecraft after completing its first test flight. Answer the questions:

1. According to President Jiang, what is the significance of the success of this experimental flight?

a. A milestone in China's space and aeronautic development

b. The technological breakthrough of manned space flights

c. An inspiration for the Chinese people

2. What did President Jiang call on scientists and engineers to do?

a. To fully study and analyze the experimental results

b. To map out a development plan to expand the options for China's peaceful use of space

c. To' improve the level of China's space and aeronautics industry

3. According to Xu Fuxiang, what is the significance of this successful unmanned flight?

a. Proving that the level of China's space and aeronautics industry is among the most advanced in the world

b. Inspiring more young Chinese scientists to work in the industry Tapescript:

In our top story today, President Jiang Zemin, Vice President Hu Jintao, and other top leaders, this afternoon went to Beijing's space center to see the module of the returned unmanned spacecraft which completed its first test flight recently. A ceremony was held this morning, to celebrate the opening of the module. It was transported back to Beijing from Inner Mongolia yesterday. President Jiang Zemin was briefed on the experimental process of the flight of the spacecraft. He said he's satisfied with the result of the experimental flight. Jiang Zemin pointed out that the success of the experimental flight is a milestone in China's space and aeronautic development and has special significance in the technological breakthrough of manned space flights. He said it is also an inspiration for all Chinese people.

The President called on scientists and engineers to fully study and analyze the experimental results so as to map out a development plan to expand the options for China's peaceful use of space. Earlier in the day, officials from China's space and aeronautics industry, along with researchers and manufacturers of the

spacecraft, held a ceremony to mark the safe return of the spacecraft and opened its module. Though the module did not carry any astronauts, it did have a payload. The staff took out national flags, the flags of the Macau Special Administrative Region, and a banner with all the signatures of the scientists and engineers who participated in the construction of the spacecraft. The items will be presented as gifts by the staff of the space and aeronautics industry. The spacecraft voyage is successful and the module returns accurately and safely. However, we shall conduct more studies on concrete technical data such as temperature and humidity recorded by the module. It will provide us with more data to manufacture the manned spacecraft.

Xu Fuxiang, the President of China's Space Technological Research Institute, said that the successful flight of the unmanned spacecraft proves that the level of China's space and aeronautics industry is among the most advanced in the world. It will inspire more young Chinese scientists to work in the industry.

Summary:

This news report is about China's launch of the second unmanned experimental spacecraft "Shenzhou H" Answers to the questions: Answers to the questions

1. In the early hours of Wednesday morning / A rocket center in Gansu Province

2. A few days later / Inner Mongolia

3. To launch a space station / To put astronauts on the moon

4. November 1999

5. 14 times

6. 21 hours

7. Inner Mongolia

8. A few days

9. 1992

Tapescript:

China says it's successfully put a second unmanned spacecraft into orbit. It's expected to re-enter the earth's atmosphere over Inner Mongolia in a few days' time. The launch is part of ambitious, long-term plans by the Chinese authorities which ultimately include hopes of building a space station.

The official Chinese news agency said the country's second unmanned experimental spacecraft, "Shenzhou II ," was successfully launched in the early hours of Wednesday morning from a rocket center in Gansu Province in northwest China. It's part of a series of tests the Chinese are carrying out before pushing ahead with a manned space mission sometime in the future. The

first test flight to the unmanned module took place in November 1999, when it orbited the earth 14 times before finally landing in Inner Mongolia, 21 hours later. The Chinese news agency says this mission will last for a few days. And several technical improvements have been made to the craft. China began its manned space program in 1992, and officials have expressed the hope that one day they'll ultimately launch a space station and put astronauts on the moon.

Questions:

1. When and where was Shenzhou II launched?

2. When and where will Shenzhou Il re-enter the earth's atmosphere?

3. What is China's long-term ambition'?

4. When did the first test flight to the unmanned module take place?

5. How many times did it orbit the earth?

6. How many hours did it stay in the orbit?

7. Where did it land?

8. How long will Shenzhou Il's mission last?

9. When did China begin its manned space program?

Part IV Mir Russia's space glory

Mir Facts

Length of service: 15 years

小学英语拓展单词

1>Animals （36个） 1．bear 熊2．bird 鸟3．butterfly 蝴蝶4．cow 母牛5．crocodile 鳄鱼6．duck 鸭子7．elephant 大象8．fox 狐狸9．fish 鱼10．frog 青蛙11．Peacock 孔雀12．hippo 河马13．horse 马14．lion 狮子15．mouse (mice) 16．rabbit 兔子17．dragon 龙18．zebra 斑马19．sheep 绵羊20．snail 蜗牛21．snake 蛇22．spider 蜘蛛23．squirrel 松鼠24．tiger 老虎25．wolf 狼26．giraffe 长颈鹿27．Dinosaur 恐龙28．ant 蚂蚁29．bee 蜜蜂30．Cock 公鸡31．chick 小鸡32．ladybird瓢虫33．bat 蝙蝠34．goat 山羊35．parrot 鹦鹉36．dolphin 海豚2>Nature 自然(18个) sun 太阳moon 月亮earth 地球 star 星星sky 天空cloud 云 wind 风rain 雨snow 雪 mountain 山river 河lake 湖 sea 大海flower 花tree 树 beach 沙滩grass 草shell 贝壳 3>fruit 水果（15个） apple 苹果pear 梨banana 香蕉 watermelon 西瓜grapes 葡萄lemon 柠檬 mango 芒果peach 桃子orange 桔子 coconut 椰子kiwi fruit猕猴桃pineapple 菠萝 litchi 荔枝strawberry 草莓cherry 樱桃

初级中学三级-五级考试题型(国标版,新课标版)

第二十一届《新课标英语考级教程》初中三、四、五级考试题型注意：此题考级的试题核心重点严格贯彻2011年6月版《英语课程标准》的要求和规定。第二十一届新课标英语等级测试全国统一试题(EGT初中三、四、五级)，本套试题总分120分，一共三部分—听力、笔试、口试。第一部分为听力，分值为20分; 第二部分为基础知识与综合能力运用，分值为80分; 第三部分为口试，分值为20分。全部答案都必须按要求在答题卡中相对应题号下填涂或书写，要求填涂正确、书写工整、清晰、规范，卷面清洁。（考试只是手段，不是目的。所以能让学生在准备考试的过程中不断的提高才是考试的真正目的。不管是何种题型，都不该仅仅拘泥于对单个知识点的考查，而应考查学生在具体情境中运用所学英语知识与技能的综合语言运用能力。）第Ⅰ卷听力占笔试20% （共20分每个小题1分）一、听录音，从下面所给的选项中选择与句子内容相符的图片。每个对话读两遍。(共5分，每小题1分) 备注：难度递进，5级句子只读一遍。 e.g. （C）1. A. B. C.

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