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《“寡言君子”梅贻琦》阅读答案高考语文试题解析理解

《“寡言君子”梅贻琦》阅读答案高考语文试题解析理解
《“寡言君子”梅贻琦》阅读答案高考语文试题解析理解

《“寡言君子”梅贻琦》阅读答案高考语

文试题解析理解

《“寡言君子”梅贻琦》阅读答案高考语文试题解析理解“所谓大学者,非谓有大楼之谓也,有大师之谓也。”这句教育名言,是曾主持西南联大校务的常委、

清华大学校长梅贻琦的一句话。说起西南联大,人们无

法忘记梅贻琦。

梅贻琦是个话少行动多的人,不仅时人称他为“寡

言君子”,他的学生也曾因他的寡言,戏作打油诗:

“大概或者也许是,不过我们不敢说,可是学校总认为,恐怕仿佛不见得。”

曾说:“假使一个政府的法令,可以和梅先生说话

那样谨严,那样少,那个政府就是最理想的。”

可正是这样一个寡言的人在西南联大那段特殊的岁

月里,担起了大任。在清华、北大、南开三校奉命迁往

昆明时,梅贻琦曾讲过一段“高调”的话:“在这风雨

飘摇之秋,清华正好像一条船,漂流在惊涛骇浪之中,

有人正赶上负驾驶它的责任。此人必不应退却,必不应

畏缩,只有鼓起勇气,坚忍前进。虽然此时使人有长夜

漫漫之感,但我们相信,不久就要天明风定。到那时我

们把这条船好好开回清华园,到那时他才敢向清华的同

人校友说一句‘幸告无罪’。”建校初期三人共同主持

校务,但蒋梦麟和张伯苓多在重庆参加政府要事,另有

公务,偏居一隅的西南联大的众多事情都落到了梅贻琦

头上。

在西南联大组创初期,张伯苓就对曾是自己学生的

梅贻琦说过:“我的表你戴着。”蒋梦麟当时的社会声

望和政治地位虽均高于梅贻琦,但他秉着“对于联大事

务不管即是管”的超然姿态。“论设备、论经费、论师

生的人数,都是清华最多,依世俗的眼光来看,这一联(合),清华是划不来的,反面看来也可以说,清华在联大占了压倒的优势。”有人如此说,不管旁人怎么说,

梅贻琦依然是少说多做。他把在清华形成的风范,在西

南联大期间延续着。

梅贻琦于1931年开始担任清华大学校长,在此之前,清华师生赶校长、赶教授是见怪不怪的事,没有哪位校

长能在清华长久地呆下去的,而几年过去,梅贻琦依然

稳坐校长的位置,被问到有何秘诀,梅贻琦说:“大家

倒这个,倒那个,就没有人愿意倒梅(霉)!”他的能力没人愿意倒他,梅贻琦任校长后,奉行“教授治校”原则,既讲民主,也法度严明,清华校务始终井井有条。

不到十年,清华的面貌便彻底改观,声名鹊起。

在西南联大时,梅贻琦延续的这一风气,使得主管

西南联大校务的职能部门领导,没有一个不是让人心服

口服的饱学名士。

昔日西南联大学生,南开大学化学系教授申泮文说,“在校领导班子中绝对没有非教闲杂人等滥竽充数,所

以也就没有外行领导内行的问题了。”

心中只有西南联大,没有清华。八年时间里,西南

联大能够“同不妨异,异不害同;五色交辉,相得益彰;八音合奏,终和且平”,梅贻琦是有着功劳的,傅任敢

先生说梅贻琦“心中只有联大,没有清华了”。

确实,民主作风好的梅贻琦,常说“吾从众”,很

少有解决不了的矛盾的。在处理具体问题上,梅贻琦也

很注意三校间的关系。如为解决教师的生活困难,工学

院的清华教师组织了“清华服务社”,开展勘查设计和

生产等业务,所获收益除清华教师外,也给北大、南开

的同仁补助。使得西南联大的不少老师在回忆那段岁月时,都盛赞三校的合作精神。郑天挺先生说:“西南联

大的八年,最可贵的是友爱和团结。教师之间,师生之间,三校之间均如此。”

梅贻琦没有辜负大家的信任,当时北大、清华、南

开三校还在长沙合并为一校称之为“临时大学”时,三

校的校长未统一到位,西南联大外文系主任叶公超回忆

当时的情况说:当年他到了长沙以后,才知道蒋梦麟仍

在杭州,叶公超问他南开和清华的两位校长什么时候来,

蒋梦麟表示并不乐观。这时候,有人说如果张伯苓和梅贻琦不来,就拆火!后来到了西南联大的梅贻琦到底没辜负大家所有的信任。把西南联大管理得井井有条,不愧是西南联大的“船长”。

(1)下列对文章有关内容的分析和概括,最恰当的两项是【】【】(5分)

A.陈寅恪是直接批评当局制定法令政策不够严谨,说得多,做得少。引用此言,意在对比。

B.梅贻琦担任联大校长时曾讲过一段话,作者运用“高调”一词评价它,含有揶揄的成分。

C.梅贻琦把在清华形成的最可贵的友爱和团结等风格在联大延续,所以他被称为“船长”。

D.北大、清华、南开三校在长沙合并时称“临时大学”,梅贻琦从这时起便担负起领导三校的大任。

E.文章用别人的戏称“寡言君子”作题目,是对梅贻琦少说多做性格的高度概括和总结。

(2)“说起西南联大,人们无法忘记梅贻琦。”说说梅贻琦哪些特点让人无法忘记?(6分)

(3)结合文章谈谈你对梅贻琦“不愧是西南联大的船长”这个评价的理解。(6分)

(4)“所谓大学者,非谓有大楼之谓也,有大师之谓也。”这句话用在开头有什么作用?谈谈你对这句名

言的看法。(8分)

(1)答C给3分,答E给2分,答D给1分,答AB 不给分(A.运用对比写法,意在表明梅贻琦为人治学严谨、少说多做的性格特点。B.“高调”是加上引号的,没有

讽刺之意。其实是格调较高的话,是中肯评价。D.从文

中看,“北大、清华、南开三校在长沙合并为一校称之

为‘临时大学’时,三校的校长未统一到位”梅贻琦是“在西南联大那段特殊的岁月里,担起了大任”的。)(5分)

(2)①梅贻琦是个话少行动多的人。②鼓起勇气,坚韧前进,危难时刻勇于承担重任。③生活作风民主,

讲究团结合作。④身居全局,治校严谨。(每点2分,答出3点给6分)

(3)作为联大校长的梅贻琦具有如下特点:①在西南联大那段特殊的岁月里,他危难时刻担起了校长的大任。②奉行“教授治校”原则,既讲民主,法度也严明。

③以身作则,少说多做。④发扬三校的合作精神,清华

校务井井有条。因此说他是西南联大当之无愧的领航人。(每点2分,答出3点给6分)

(4)作用:用传主自己的话开篇,对全篇具有总领和引起下文的作用。体现了传主作为联大校长尊重知识、尊重人才的一面;又展示了传主治校原则和方略,以引

出传主事迹。

名言理解:①大楼只是代表大学校舍的好坏,并不代表大学水平的高下,世界名牌大学校舍就说明了这一点。②大学时传播科学精神、传授知识,培养国家建设人才的地方,应该是大师集中和主宰的地方。③现在,有些国内大学以大建大修校舍为自豪,以为校舍豪华、设备先进就是名牌大学了,这一点早在四十年代联大校长梅贻琦就给了我们最好的回答,应该引起当下国内大学领导者的深深思索。

(答出统领、引起下文,并加以分析给2分;句子理解,每点2分;必须联系文章内容和现实社会谈出自己的看法。)

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