六级单词讲解

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大学英语六级词汇全面讲解 一. 概述 词汇要求，CET6 中词汇有 30 道，共 15 分。30％是四级词汇，70％是六级词汇。六级要求掌握 5500 个单词，还要求考生具有通过构词法识别生词的能力。六级考试的相应部分从 98 年 1 月份之后已全部改 成词汇题了（语法被放到了完形填空中考查） ，词汇的考核要求被强调突出了.其实掌握六级词汇的关键是 掌握四级核心词汇的用法和六级增加的 1300 个词汇的拼写和用法。词汇试题考查的重点是抽象名词，活 跃动词的用法，搭配及其构成的短语，形容词和副词等．六级词汇的考查一般是通过词汇题和阅读理解题 进行的。动词的复习要求全面仔细。动词词组，动词与形、副、名词的搭配，动词的时态变化等各方面都 要顾及。复习中做这类题时，最好选择有充分、详实的讲解的书，方便对知识点的理解、记忆. 二. 英语六级词汇学习技巧 1． 树立坚定的自信心。 2． 制定切实可行的学习目标。 3． 选好复习资料一本 5-6 级的词汇书，高质量的中英文双解词典，细微差别进行辨析。推荐牛津双 解词典、朗文英汉双解活用词典。 4． 应避免题海战术。要立足于真题。集中突破，从整体上把握考试的思路。借助真题高效地复习。 考生不仅要熟悉大纲内的词，还要掌握大纲要求的构词法，应该注意“一词多义”和“熟词僻义” 。 5． 突破背词瓶颈: 6． 做到口到、心到、手到。要把整个身心投入到学习中去，做到常读、常说、常分析、常回忆、常 写、常画，这样，一定会牢牢地记住所学的每一个单词。 7． 在运用中学习。 8． 充分利用业余时间。把重点词抄在小本上，随身携带，随读随记。 9． 重视考题规律 六级考试的词汇部分具有可预测性。举一反三，在理解干扰选项的基础上，联想 相关的词汇含义（同义词、近义词、同根易混词、形近音似词等） ，因为这些通常是或很可能是下次词汇 题的考点或干扰选项。 10. 把握词汇题型, 六级的词汇考题可以大致分为四大类：难词辨析，近义词辨析，形近音似词辨析 及固定搭配。在平时备考的时候要多注意词汇的辨析， “存同求异” ，把近义词归到一起，借助英文释义明 确其各自的确切含义和使用范围，提高词汇的辨析能力。形近音似词是指那些“长”得像，发音相同、相 近的词，考查考生辨别易混淆词的能力。仔细审题，看清选项是做好这类题目的关键。平时在学习

中，同 学们也应该有意识地把“长”得像的词放在一起辨析。 11. 解题策略: 抓住句子的逻辑语义关系。在六级词汇考题中主要包括五种逻辑语义关系：因果关系、 对照让步、时间条件、重述释义以及常识相关。两个反义词; 在非近义词辨析的考题中，两个同义选项。 遇有陌生选项的时候. 三. 考点分析 1． 词汇考查的重点是词义辨析，主要是对动词、形容词和名词等实词意义的辨析,当然也考副词、介 词。通过分析 2000 年 1 月的全真试题，我们发现有 12 题是动词词义辨析，11 题是考形容词词义辨析，6 题是考名词词义辨析。可见动词仍是考查的重点。具体的说是考多义词、同义词、近义词、近形词。英语 中不少单词是多义词。有的学生只知道某个单词的某种意义，却不知道它的其他意义和在特定上下文中的 引申意义；同义、近义词概念虽相同、相近，但含义和用法上仍存在差别；近形词，形似义异，具有迷惑 性，选择时要注意区分各词之间的细微不同之处，要从使用场合、搭配结构和语义关系上分析，最后做出 判断。如：
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1) The doctor doesn’t that he will live much longer. A. manifest B. articulate C. anticipate
D. monitor
2) The old gentleman was a very looking person, with gray hair and gold spectacle. A. respective B. respectable C. respectful D. respected 3) His was telling him that something was wrong. A. sentiment inspiration C. hypothesis
D. intuition
2． 注重对使用频率较高的词的用法的考查（包括一些四级词汇） ，而且是反复考(有时作为 key, 有时 作为选项出现)。这是一种较好的倾向。我们考查单词的目的不应只是看学生是否背过某些生僻词，更主要 是以考试为激励，鼓励他们增强使用语言的能力。 4) Since the couple could not their differences, they decided to get a divorce. (9501) A. reconcile B. comply C. coincide D. resign 5) Parents take a great interest in the questions raised by their children.(9806) A. nasty B. naive C. obscure D. offensive
6)
Since the two countries couldn’t their differences, they decided to stop the negotiation. (9906) B. oblige C. reconcile D. obscure
A. rectify
7) Frankly speaking, your article is very good except for some mistakes in grammar. (9906) A. obscure B. glaring C. trivial D. rare
8) Very few people understood his lecture, the subject of which was very . (2000.1) ( A. dim B. obscure C. conspicuous D. intelligible 3． 词语习惯搭配或固定搭配，包括名词与介词的搭配、名词与形容词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配等 等。这些搭配

纷繁复杂，千变万化是产生词汇错误的主要原因，因此，考生平时多读多看，增强语感，逐 步积累，牢牢记住。如： 9) The goal is to make higher education available to everyone who is willing and capable his financial situation. (9901) A. with respect to B. in accord with C. regardless of D. in terms of 10) An obvious change of attitude at the top towards women’s status in society will through the current law system in Japan. (9901) A. permeate B. probe C. violate D. grope
四. 应试策略（Strategies） 1．根据词的固定搭配选择答案 如前所述， 英语中有许多约定俗成的固定搭配，试题设计者把其他部分给出， 但是其中有的项未给出，
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让参考者从四个选择项中选出最佳选择项，填入使句子的意义完整。如： 11) He was running the pace he had learnt from the natives. A. on B. at C. by D. in 句中的 pace “步幅，步速”常与介词 at 搭配，组成短语 at the pace, “以……步速，步幅。 ”其他表 示“速度、频率、比率”的词有 speed, rate, ratio 一般也常与 at 连用。因此该题的答案是 B。 get across 被了解，讲清楚 get along 前进，进展，过活 get away 走开，离开，逃脱 get down 从……下来 get down to 开始，着手 get into 对…发生兴趣，卷入（使进入） get over 克服 get through 干完 2．通过区别同义或近义词选择答案 这类题近几年来占的比例比较大，也比较难。选择时要注意区分词与词之间的本质差别，同时要注意 在本题上下文中的关系，最后做出选择。如： 12) The runner can run 2 miles in fifteen minutes. （9706） A. common B. usual C. average D. general 3. 引伸法(一定要注意记住词语的本意) escalator 自动扶梯 逐步升级 hearta heart of gold 道德高尚的人 to break one’s heart 使某人伤心 heart and hand 热心地 heart and soul 全心全意地 heart to heart 贴心地，坦率地 learn sth. by heart 记住，背下 to lose heart 丧失勇气 balance 天平 平衡 mouthpiece——口状物 喉舌，代言人 coat——外套 涂层 beast——兽 凶残的人 pig——猪 贪吃懒做的人 jewel——宝石 受珍视的人 4. 借助上下文（这一点在阅读理解中尤为重要） 根据生词前后出现的其他词语的意思或整个句子的意思猜测词义。如： He is successful as a businessman because of his dynamic personality. He seems to have unlimited energy. 利用信号词 is, is called, means, that is, i.e., or, defined as, refer to 等对某一词汇的定义、解释或说明 猜测词义。如： The word biotechnology refers to a combination of biology and technology. 利用信号词 in contrast, on the other hand

, rather than, however, yet, although, while, unlike, but,
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whereas, as opposed to 等判断反义词的意思。如： My sister Marie is an optimist, while her boyfriend is one who is always gloomy（沮丧的，消沉的） and expects the worst to happen. 根据举例猜测词义。如： Condiments e.g. pepper, salt, and mustard（芥末，芥菜）, make food taste better. 根据标点符号猜测词义。如： The principal money he put in his savings account to earn interest closed by the police.
was safe even though the bank was
根据定语从句猜测词义。如： The type of meter is called multimeter, which is used to measure electricity. 根据同位语猜测词义。如： The invention of snorkel, a long air tube that reaches up to the surface, has made it possible for submarine to use their diesel engine even when they are submerged（在水中的，淹没的）. 根据上下文的逻辑关系猜测词义。如： You should cut out this paragraph in order to make the essay succinct. 根据常识猜测词义。如： Fish breathe with gill. 五. 题型分类及特点 六级考试的词汇考点主要涉及上下文词义题、近义干扰题、近形干扰题、近义近形干扰题和句型题。 1. 上下文词义题 e.g. 1. There was once an idea that the earth was flat and motionless. A. intrinsic B. absurd C. eternal D. offensive e.g..2. Although he has had no formal education，he is one of the businessmen in the company. A. shrewdest B. sternest C. nastiest D. alertest 2. 近义干扰题 e.g.3. As you have seen，the value of a nation's currency is a of its economy. A. reaction B. reflection C. response D. revelation e.g.4. If the world is to remain peaceful the utmost effort must be made by nations to limit local . A. collisions B. combats C. contradictions D. conflicts e.g.5. This is the piano on which the composer created some of his greatest works. A. true B. original C. real D. genuine 3. 近形干扰题 真正意义上的近形干扰题中的四个选项看似相似，但意义差别较大，该类试题在六级考试中为数不多. e.g.6. The vast majority of people in any given culture will to the established standards of that culture. A. confine B. conform C. confront D. confirm 考生只要能理解题干的句意，并注意四个选项的拼写及构词上的不同，就能比较有把握地确定正确答 案。 e.g.7. If you want this pain killer，you'll have to ask the doctor for a .
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A. receipt B. recipe C. subscription D. prescription e.g8. Bill is an example of a severely disabled pe

rson who has become at many survival skills. A.proficient B.persistent C.consistent D.sufficient 4、 近义近形干扰题 由于许多近形干扰题的选项是同根词，它们在词义上必然有所联系，当这些词义相近到彼此容易产生 混淆时，近形干扰题就成了近义近形双重干扰的试题了。这类试题在六级考试中数量相对较少，但考生要 注意平时词汇学习中对近义同根的辨析，掌握它们语义上的不同侧重及用法搭配上的细微差别。 e.g.9. The naturalists are very keen to the rare species of wildlife such as pandas and tigers that are in danger of becoming extinct. A. preserve B. conserve C. observe D. reserve e.g.10. Although not an economist himself，Dr.Smith has long been a severe critic of the government's policies. A. economical B. economy C. economic D. economics 5、 句型搭配题 除上述词形、词义四类题型外，六级考试的词汇题在命题范围上还涉及一类与词汇用法搭配相关的试 题，这类题在词汇题中所占比重并不少，主要包括动词的句型用法，动词、名词和形容词与介词的搭配等 内容。 e.g.11. When he realized he had been to sign the contract by intrigue， he threatened to start legal proceedings to cancel the agreement. A. elicited B. excited C. deduced D. induced e.g.12. The changing image of the family on television provides into changing attitudes toward the family in society. A. insights B. understanding C. revelations D. specifications e.g.13. A budget of five dollars a day is totally for a trip round Europe. A. inadequate B. incapable C. incompatible D. invalid四．六级考试词汇题从词性角度看主要涉及动词、名词、形容词和少量副词、短语介词和连接词。词 汇题的应试应从词的词性及其搭配入手，在较长的题干中找到决定正确答案的线索和依据即每道题的答题 切入点，从而提高命中率，缩短答题时间。 I．动词题 1. 如果动词为不及物动词或被动语态。 e.g.1. Mike just discovered that his passport had three months ago. A. abolished B. expired C. amended D. constrained e.g.2. Although there are occasional outbreaks of gunfire，we can report that the rebellion has in the main been . A. canceled B. destroyed C. suppressed D. restrained 2. 如果动词为主动语态的及物动词。 例 3. Since the two countries couldn't their differences，they decided to stop their negotiations. A. rectify B. oblige C. reconcile D. obscure 3. 对于通过“主-谓”“动-宾”关系的判断尚无法确定答案的，如是及物动词，可同时根据其主语及 ， 宾语的特点来进行判断。 例 4. When people are asked what kind of housing they need or want， question a variety of answers. the A. defies B. magnifies C. mediates D. evokes 如是不及物动词，则可同时根据其主语及状语修饰语来进行判断。 例 5. On turning the corner, we saw the road steep

ly. A. departing B. depressing C. decreasing D. descending 4. 除了动词与主、宾及状语的搭配之外，六级考题中还有相当一部分动词词汇题可通过空档后与动词
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搭配的介词来确定。 例 6. All individuals are required to to the laws made by their governments. A. obey B. conform C. comply D. observe 5. 还有一类动词题，如考生对某些动词的句型搭配（Verb Pattern）比较熟悉的话，则也可以非常容易 地根据其常用句型搭配来选取答案。 例 7. His argument does not suggest that mankind can to be wasteful in the utilization of these resources. A. resort B. grant C. afford D. entitle 例 8. He would it that his son took a livelier interest in politics. A. see into B. see through C. see about D. see to II、 名词题 1. 根据前面的动词来确定需选的名词。 例 9. I think that I committed a in asking her because she seemed very upset by my question. A. blunder B. revenge C. reproach D. scandal 例 10. We should make a clear between the two scientific terms for the purpose of our discussion. A. separation B. discrimination C. deviation D. distinction 2. 如果选择项的名词在句中处于主语的位置，则可根据后面的谓语动词来判断正确答案。 例 11. The West is traditionally the land of the pioneers and the cowboys where could be easily made in cattle or land. A. fortunes B. property C. opportunities D. treasure 3. 如果空档处的名词前有定语修饰。 例 12. Stop shouting. I can't hear the football . A. judgment B. interpretation C. commentary D. explanation 4. 有时，也可根据所选名词的后续修饰搭配关系来确定正确答案，这类后续修饰成分包括一般的介词 短语或定语从句等。 例 13. In the Spring Export Commodities Fair the of fine china attracted much attention of customers from all over the world. A. succession B. array C. string D. procession 例 14. Some fish have a greater for acid water than others. A. tolerance B. resistance C. dependence D. persistence 还有的时候，名词的后续修饰成份是某些名词特有的动词不定式短语或同位语从句。 例 15. It is very strange but I had an that the plane would crash. A. Inspiration B. intuition C. imagination D. incentive 5. 有些名词题涉及与该名词有关的成语，是某一固定成语的一部分。 例 16. They tossed your thoughts back and forth for over an hour，but still could not make of them. A. impression B. comprehension C. meaning D. sense III、 形容词题 1. 如果空缺处形容词位于名词前作定语。 例 17. Some criminals were printing dollar bills until they were arrested. A. decent B. fake C. patent D. suspicious 例 18. Some children display an curiosity about every new thing

they encounter. A. incredible B. infectious C. incompatible D. inaccessible 2. 如果空缺处形容词充当句子表语。 例 19. His body temperature has been for 3 days，the highest point reaching 40.5℃. A. uncommon B.disordered C. abnormal D.extraordinary 例 20. Some studies confirmed that this kind of eye disease was in tropical countries.
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A.
prospective B. prevalent
C. provocative
D. perpetual to light than are
有时，形容词题也可根据其后面的介词搭配或特殊句型来确定正确答案。 例 21. Although cats cannot see in complete darkness, their eyes are much more human eyes. A. glowing B. brilliant C. sensitive D. gloomy
例 22. Bill is an example of a severely disabled person who has become at many survival skills. A. proficient B. persistent C. consistent D. sufficient IV. 副词题 副词题相对较少。副词主要用以修饰动词或形容词，我们自然应从被它修饰的动词或形容词入手，来 确定可能的答案。 1. 根据由空缺处副词修饰的动词，来确定正确答案。 例 23. Some people either avoid questions of right and wrong or remain neutral about them. A. violently B. enthusiastically C. sincerely D. deliberately 例 24. These areas rely on agriculture almost ，having few mineral resources and a minimum of industrial development. A. respectively B. extraordinarily C. incredibly D. exclusively 2. 如果空缺处的副词用以修饰后面的形容词，则该形容词的语义在确定答案时往往起着关键性作用。 例 25. When he finally emerged from the cave after thirty days，John was pale. A. enormously B. startlingly C. uniquely D. dramatically 例 26. Although the national government has introduced some new laws on this subject，it is the state governments that are responsible for pollution control. A. precisely B. primarily C. progressively D. preliminarily V、 短语题 六级词汇题中还有为数不少的短语类试题，对于这类试题的解答，主要根据该短语的句法功能确定所 分属的词类，然后再根据上述四大词类的不同解题方法解答即可。 例 27. The terrorists might have planted a bomb on a plane in Athens，set to when it arrived in New York. A. go off B. get off C. come off D. carry off 例 28. Attempts to persuade her to stay after she felt insulted were. A. in no way B. on the contrary C. at a loss D. of no avail 只是短语中还有一类不属于上述四大实词类的短语介词，对于解答这一类试题，一定要在理解空缺前 后逻辑关系的基础上，才能较有把握地选定正确答案。 例 29. The younger person's attraction to stereos cannot be explained only familiarity with technology. A. in quest of B. by means of C. in terms of D.

by virtue of 六. 如何扩大词汇量 1）构词法 2）复合词 3）类别词的扩大 4) 同义、近义、近形词汇的对比记忆 下面以名词为例 (一) 构词法 六级词汇中名词的构词特点体现在以下几个方面： 纵观（大纲）中的六级词汇，不难发现有相当比例的名词是从四级词汇派生而来的。 1.加后缀
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有相当一部分六级名词是在四级词汇后加-tion,-ment, -ity, -ance 等后缀表示性质状态， 行为等从而构成 六级词汇。 (1) 加-tion 四级词汇 tempt reveal transact vegetable propose irrigate justify abort identify perfect specify complicated circulate sense compensate concept imitate create (2) 加 –ity 四级词汇 special productive public humid hospitable liable probable moral
六级词汇 temptation revelation transaction vegetation proposition irrigation justification abortion identification perfection specification complication circulation sensation compensation conception imitation creation
诱惑，诱惑物 显示，揭露 处理，交易 植被，植物 主张，建议，命题 灌溉，冲洗 认为有理，辩护 失败，夭折 辨认，鉴定，证明 尽善尽美，完美，完成 详述；规范，说明 复杂化 循环 感觉 补偿，赔偿 观念，概念 模仿，效法 创造
六级词汇 specialty/speciality productivity publicity humidity hospitality liability probability morality
专业 生产率 公开，宣传 湿度 好客，盛情 责任，义务，债务 能性，概率 道德
(3) 加 –ance, -ence 四级词汇 六级词汇 disturb disturbance resemble resemblance attend attendance rely reliance coincide assure (4) 加 –ment 四级词汇 coincidence assurance
动荡，干扰 类似，类同之处 出席，照料 信任，依靠 一致，巧合 确信，断言，保证
六级词汇
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ship refresh engage base harass unemployed
shipment refreshment engagement basement harassment unemployment
装船，出货 恢复，茶点 约会，定婚 地下室，墙角 折磨 失业
(二) 复合词 把两个或两个以上独立的词结合在一起构成一新词叫复合词。六级词汇中有很多是由两个使用频率很 高的四级词汇构成的复合词，其中六级的复合名词也很多。复合词在书写时的特点是：有的直接连写，有 的用连字符号连接。如： nickname offspring safeguard woodpecker drawback streamline beforehand breakdown breakthrough commonwealth cocktail counterpart database fellowship forerunner handbook manuscript tele

communication Thanksgiving trademark turnover 绰号，昵称 子孙，后代 保护，安全措施 啄木鸟 退税，欠缺 流线型 预先 崩溃，衰弱 突破 国民整体，联邦 鸡尾酒，开味 副本，配对物 数据库，资料库 交情，奖学金 先驱者 手册 手稿，原稿 电讯，长途通讯 感恩，感恩祈祷 商标 翻覆
(三) 类别词汇的扩大 在英语词汇中，有些词表示“类概念” ，另一些词表示“种概念” 。在六级词汇中，类别词汇的量有所 增加。将这些类别词分类，通过联想、比较，可以进行快速记忆和扩大词汇量。如： 君权类: tyranny 暴政，残暴 sovereign 统治者，君主 privilege 特权，优惠 monarch 君主 monopoly 垄断，独占 tyrant 暴君，专制君主 throne 王位，君权 royalty 皇家，皇族 reign 统治，支配 宗教类: Moslem monk shrine 天文类: Venus Jupiter 穆斯林，伊斯兰教 修士 神殿，神龛 金星 木星 missionary mosque Saturn Comet 传教士 清真寺 土星 慧星
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Galaxy 工具类：sensor mop rake printer microprocessor porcelain 科技术语: algebra photography shuttle torpedo torque trigger electronics ultraviolet tuberculosis xerox terminology vaccinate 动物类: serpent gorilla parrot oyster shrimp rooster sardine shark mammal whale mosquito 植物类: tulip shrub pineapple olive opium peanut mustard 化学元素:nickel hydrogen aluminum 珠宝类：ruby 学科类: sociology aviation astronomy economics psychology
星系 传感器 拖把 钉耙 打印机 微处理机 瓷器 代数 摄影术 航天飞机 鱼雷 转（力）矩 触发器，扳机 电子学 紫外线辐射 肺结核 静电胶印 术语学 种牛豆 毒蛇 大猩猩 鹦鹉 牡蛎 虾 公鸡 沙丁鱼 鯊鱼 哺乳动物 鲸鱼 蚊子 郁金香 灌木 菠萝 橄榄（树） 鸦片 花生 荠菜， 镍 氢 铝 红宝石 社会学 航空学 天文学 经济学 心理学 monitor shovel pulley minicomputer pantry piston robot projector theorem tanker triangle telex ultrasonic valve uranium transplant yacht swan reptile woodpecker snail peacock puppy salmon turtle locust panther pest walnut pumpkin willow maple chestnut herb uranium oxygen zinc pearl ecology electronics geology statistics physiology 监视器 铲子 滑轮，滑车 微型机算机 食品柜 活塞 机器人 放映机 定理，原理 油轮 三角型 电报,电传打字机 超声波 电子管，真空管 铀 移植 游艇，快艇 天鹅 爬行动物 啄木鸟 蜗牛 孔雀 小狗 大马哈鱼 海龟 蝗虫 美洲豹 害虫 胡桃（木） 南瓜 柳树 枫树 栗子，栗树 药草 铀 氧 锌 珍珠，珍珠母 生态学 电子学 地质学 统计学 生理学
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philosophy 职业类：blacksmith magician deputy historian 衣物类：array frock jean underwear建筑类：arch lounge motel vault 声音类：clasp hiss grunt 花卉类：camellia chrysanthemum peony tulip
哲学 铁匠 魔术师 代理人 历史 衣服，盛装 女上衣 牛仔衣 内衣 拱门 客厅 旅馆 地下室 碰撞声 嘶嘶声 哼哼声 茶花 菊花 牡丹 郁金香
geography miner electrician ambassador guardian blouse garment pajamas vest lobby mansion terrace balcony clatter groan growl lotus plum blossom peach blossom lily
地理学 矿工 电工 大使 监护人 女衬衫 衣服，服装 睡衣 背心，马甲 大厅 大厦 平台 阳台 卡塔声 呻吟声 嗥叫，咆哮 荷花 梅花 桃花 百合花
四）同义、近义、近形词汇的对比记忆 英语的同义、近义、近形词十分丰富，六级词汇中这方面的词汇也有一定比例的增加。这些词之间在 含义和用法上的差异十分复杂和细致。如果孤立地看，某一个词很难做到准确的理解。但通过对比、分析、 理解它们之间的异同，就能够对它们产生深刻的印象，进而达到熟练掌握的目的。在六级名词中这种现象 很普遍。如：litter, rubbish, garbage, pollutant 这四个词都有“垃圾”的意思，但通过具体的句子我们才能 够理解、辨析它们的差异。 另外，还有一些近形异义词、反义词，将它们放在一起对比，有助于加深记忆。 总之，词汇是语言的基础，学习英语必须重视英语词汇的学习。要学好词汇，不能满足于记住多少词 汇和短语，更重要的是要掌握它们的用法，这是取得好成绩的基础。这就好像造房子，打好牢固的地基最 重要，地基打得不牢固，造好的房子也会坍塌。希望考生能摆正基础和应试技巧的位置，不本末倒置，不 单纯追求应试技巧，平日不断积累词汇、词组，经常复习、巩固已学的语法基础知识，兼顾应试技巧的训 练，勤学苦练，持之以恒，就一定能取得丰硕的成果。 附: CET-6（1993．1－2002．1）试题中词汇重复两次或两次以上的考点 （CET-6．95．1；98．1） 1) human behavior may be caused by eating substances that upset the delicate chemical balance in the brain． （CET-6．95．1） A）Deliberate B）Consistent C）Primitive *D）Abnormal 2) His body temperature has been for 3 days ， the highest point reaching 40 ． 5 degree centigrade． （CET-6．98．1） A）uncommon B）disordered *C）abnormal D）extraordinary 3)（CET-6．02．1；99．6） It is that women should be paid less than men for doing the same kind of work． （CET-6．02．1） A）abrupt ＊B）absurd C）adverse D）addictive
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4） （CET-6．02．1；96．1） A human's eyesight is not as as that of an eagle． （CET-6．02．1） A）eccentric *B）acute C）sensible D）sensitive 5） （CET-6．01．6；98．6） They are well with each other since they once studied in the same university． （CET-6．98．6） A）identified B）recognized C）acknowledged ＊D）acquainted 6） （CET-6．90．1；01．6） Despite almost universalof the vital importance of women's literacy， education remains a dream for far too many countries of the world． （CET-6．90．1） A）identification B）compliment C）confession ＊D）acknowledgement 7） （CET-6．96．6；98．6；99．6；01．6） （1）You need to retrieve this sentence because it is ；the readers willhave difficulty in understanding it． （CET-6．96．6） A）comprehensive B）alternative C）deliberate ＊D）ambiguous （2）The directions were so that it was impossible to complete the assignment． （CET-6．98．6） A）ingenious B）ambitious C）notorious ＊D）ambiguous （3）His directions confused us； we did not know which of the two roads to take． （CET-6． 99．6） A）ambiguous B）complicated C）arbitrary D）intricate （4） Fortune-tellers are good at makingstatements such as Your sorrows will change” CET-6． 6） “ ． （ 01． A）philosophical ＊B）ambiguous C）literal D）invalid 8)（CET-6．00．1；01．6） ； （CET-6．01．1） (1)My sister is quiteand plans to get an M．A． degree within one year． （CET-6．00．1） A）aggressive B）enthusiastic ＊C）ambitious D）considerate (2)Their diplomatic principles completely laid bare theirfor world conquest． （CET-6．01．1） A）admiration ＊B）ambition C）administration D）orientation 9） （CET-6．98．6；00．6） （1）For many patients，institutional care is the most and beneficial form of care． （CET-6．98．6） A）persistent ＊B）appropriate C）thoughtful D）sufficient （2）For many patients，institutional care is the mostand beneficial form of care． （CET-6．00．6） A）patient ＊B）appropriate C）acute D）persistent 10） （CET-6．91．1；93．1） The car accident was to the driver's violation of the traffic regulations． A）assigned B）contributed ＊C）attributed D）transferred 七. 大学英语六级同义词辩析 1.abolish, abate, annihilate, extinguish abolish v.例如：Some schoolboys would like to abolish homework. abate 例如：The wind abated after sundown. Annihilate v. 例如：The bombers annihilated the city. extinguish v. 2．accommodate，conform，reconcile 如： I will accommodate my plans to yours． conform 如： E－mail is a convenient，highly democratic，informal medium for conveying messages that conforms well to human needs． The vast majority of people in any given cultu

re will conform to the established standards of that culture．
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reconcile 如： How do you reconcile your principles with your behavior？ 3．adhere，cling 同义： “become closely attached” （贴上，粘贴） 如： This paint will adhere to any surface， whether rough or smooth． Both parties promised to adhere to the contract to be signed the following day． Dewdrops were still clinging the leaves． At the party we found the shy girl clinging to her mother all the time． 4．affirm，assert，allege 如： He asserted that the thing could be done． He asserted that the thing could be done． The prisoner alleges that he was at home on the night of the crime． 5．aggravate，intensify，heighten 如： The lack of rain aggravated the already serious lack of food． Sharing an apartment has intensified their friendship． The mountain seemed to heighten as we approached it． 6．ambiguous，obscure 同义： “not clearly understandable” （理解不清楚的） 前者强调：反义词为：explicit。如： You need to rewrite this sentence because it is ambiguous；the readers will have difficulty in understanding it． The directions were so ambiguous that it was impossible to complete the assignment． 反义词为：distinct，obvious。如： The poetry of Ezra Pound is sometimes difficult to understand because it contains so many obscure references． Very few people understood his lecture， the subject of which was very obscure． 7．amend，rectify 如： He amended the speech by making some additions and deletions． He rectified the mistake in the contract by changing its wording． 8．ample，spacious 反义词为：meager，circumscribed。如： We have ample money for the journey． 反义词为：strait。如： Their dining-room is very spacious． 9．analogy，resemblance 如： The teacher pointed to analogies between the two events． The little boy bears a close resemblance to his father． 10．articulate，vocal，eloquent 如：She's unusually articulate for a ten-year-old． The singer did some vocal exercises before performing． He was more eloquent than ever． 11．assurance，certainty 另一引申义：保证，承诺。如： The new teacher lacked self-assurance in front of his class． The director gave me his assurance that he would double my pay if I did my job well． 如： We can have no certainty of success． 12．avert，preclude，ward off avert 强调： “the taking of immediate and effective measures to avoid，repel or counteract threatening evil” 如： Accidents can be averted by careful driving． 。 preclude 强调： “the existence of some factor that shuts out every possibility of a thing's happening or taking effect”如：The fog precluded the plane fr

om taking off． 。
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ward off 强调： close encounter and the use of defensive measures”如： Body paint or face paint is used “a mostly by men in preliterate societies in order to attract good health or to ward off disease． 13.ability, capacity, capability“能力，特点，潜能，智力” 有一些典型的错误用法： He has the ability of predicating future events.(误) He has the ability to predicate future events.(正) 例如： man of great abilities 极有才干的人。 a 常与 ability 搭配的词有： improve one's ability, to cultivate to one's ability, to develop one's ability, to demonstrate/display one's ability 典型的错误用法：the hall's ability to seat 2,000 persons(误) the hall's capacity to seat 2000 persons(正) the child's ability t o learn(正) the child's mental capacity(正)。 ability 指真实的能力，无论是先天的还是后得的，无论是实践过的还是没有实践过的。capacity 则侧重 于接受能力或 指人的智力、精神素质、鲜明的反应能力、敏感力或者领悟力。 capability 能力，指人(不常指物)具有从事某种工作或者取得已知结果的能力或资格，其后接 of 或 for 加动名词或者名词, 典型的错误用法： 1)She has capability as a singer: she is worth training.(误) 2)She has capabilities as a singer: she is worth training.(正) 注：表示“潜在能力时，要用复数 “capabilities” 。 3)Now we have the capability of/for solving the practical problems.(正) 4)Now we have the capability to solve the practical problems.(正) 注意：capability 表示能力时，其后既可接动名词，又可接动词不定式。 14.．vital; fatal; crucial; vitality vital: 重要的，生命的；fatal: 致命的 (CET6．96．6)；crucial: 决定性的 (CET6．00．1)；vitality: 活 力，生命力。 The boy cycling in the street was knocked down by a minibus and received ＿＿＿ (fatal／excessive／ disastrous／vital) injures． 15.．dismiss; fire; lay off; discharge dismiss: 指强迫他人离开，即解雇，开除，也指允许许多人离开、解散；fire: （俗语）解雇通常用在 有雇佣关系的场合；lay off: 解雇，下岗 (CET4．96．6)；discharge: 遣走（某人） ，让（某人）离去；也 指正式“释放” 。 The store had to ＿＿＿ (lay off／lay out／lay aside／lay down) a number of clerks because sales were down． 16.．scorn; scold; scent; score scorn: 轻蔑； scold: 责骂（指态度粗暴， 高声地骂他人） scent: 特有的气味，好闻的香味；score: 得 ； 分，记下。 The woman is always ＿＿＿ (scolding／scorning／scoring) the children playing around her house． 17．involve; include involve: 包括； 包含， 指必然包

括某种结果； involved in sth／with sb: 与某事 be （某人） 有关连； include: 包括、包含，指包括属于整体的部分。 He was considered to be ＿＿＿ (involved／included) in criminal activities． 18．appoint; encounter; meet appoint: 任命，指定（时间，日期） He was appointed to the manager of the marketing department． encounter: 相会，遭遇（困难，危险等）或偶尔遇见（友人等）; meet (with): 指无意或有意地相见或
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遇到，满足。 They ＿＿＿ (met／encountered) with misfortune that day． 19．intervene; interfere intervene (in／between): 干涉 调停； （事件）介入，在期间发生；interfere (with) 干扰，干涉，让人 感到讨厌。 They were about to fight when their father ＿＿＿ (interfered／intervened)． 20．initial; original initial; 起始的；original; 最初的，最早的 (CET6．98．1)。 This is the ＿＿＿＿ (initial／original／real／genuine) piano on which the composer created some of his greatest works． 21．discern; decent; descend discern: 识别，辨认；decent: a．有分寸的，合适的 (CET6．00．1．67)；descend(descent n．): （位 置的）降落，下降 (CET6．97．1．43)；decline: （比率）下降；变小，变弱 (CET6．97．6．57)。 We managed to reach the top of the mountain, and half an hour later we began to ＿＿＿ (ascend／descend ／decline／discern)． 22．dominant; dominate; prominent; predominant; distinguished dominant: 有统治权的，最有势力的，占优势的；dominate: v．支配 (CET6．2000．1．44)；prominent: 显著的；杰出的（CET6．98．1．57 96．6．66） predominant: 优势的，卓越的，流行的；distinguished： ； 卓越的，杰出的，指以卓越的成绩和优异的素质超越同类之上。 Mr Bloom is not ＿＿＿ (significant／dominant／magnificent／prominent) now, but he will be famous some day． The book is expected to ＿＿＿ (exemplify／promote／prevail／dominate) the best seller lists． 23．enhance; ascend; strengthen; promote enhance: 提高，增加（价值，力量等）(CET6．97．6); ascend: 上升，升高（CET6．98．6） ；strengthen: 加强，强化; promote: 促进，增进友谊、产品销售等 (CET4．97．6)。 The reputation of the poet’s most recent works will certainly ＿＿＿ ( strengthen／enhance／ascend／ magnify) his national reputation． 24．principal; major; principle; primary principal: a．主要的，n．主要人物，中学校长；major: a．比较重要的，vi 主修；principle: 原则，原 理；primary: 主要的第一的。 The ＿＿＿ (principal／principle) food of the Chinese is rice． Christina majored in foreign trade in London University． 25．ult

imate; final; eventual ultimate: 终极的，根本的，主要的；final: 表示最后的，着重完结和最终结局；eventual: 最终的，结 果的。 The sun is the ＿＿＿ (ultimate／eventual／final) store of power． 26．incident; accident; invent; case incident：偶尔的（小）事件，也指引起国际争端或战争的事件；accident: （意外）事故；invent: 特 别重要的事件（CET4．01．1．59） ；case: 案例（CET4．02．1） 。 The lawyer advised him to drop the ＿＿＿＿ (event／incident／case／affair) since he stands little chance to win． 27．explore; exploit; probe; expose explore: 探究（进一步了解发现，学习） ；exploit: 利用或开发（资源） ；probe (into): 探查，细察（某 人的思想，某事的原因） ；expose: 使暴露 揭露。 We have to ＿＿＿ (explore／exploit) that idea． 28．likely; alike; unlike
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likely: 有可能的(CET4．98．6)；alike: 表语形容词，相似的；unlike: 不像 (CET4．99．6)。 ＿＿＿ (Unlike／likely／alike／dislike) his sister, Jack is quiet and does not easily make friends with others． 八. Practice Part One (真题分类练习) 一、 同义近义词 1. If you work under a car when repairing it , you often get very . (2000.1) A. waxy B. slippery C. sticky D. greasy 2. The political future of the president is now hanging by a . A. thread B. cord C. string D. rope 3.The fuel of the continental missile is supposed to be by this device. (9906) A. ignited B. lighted C. fired D. inspired 4.The lawyer made a great impression on the jury. A. protecting B. guarding C. defending D. shielding 5. Stop shouting! I can’t hear the football . A. judgment B. interpretation C. commentary D. explanation 6. Every member of society has to make a to struggle for the freedom of the country. A. pledge B. warranty C. resolve D. guarantee 7. We should make a clear between the two scientific terms for the purpose of discussion. A. separation B. discrimination C. deviation D. distinction 8. The schoolmaster the girl’s bravery in his opening speech. A. applauded B. enhanced C. elevated D. clapped 9. The plane , its bombs exploding as it hit the ground. A. smashed B. crushed C. crashed D. plunged 10. He believed that the greatest of his was that he’d never had a college education. A. griefs B. misfortunes C. disasters D. sorrows 11.The traffic police were searching for evidence to prove the accused man’s , but in vain. A. mistake B. guilt C. fault D. defeat 12. In Scotland, as in the rest of the United Kingdom, schooling begins at age 5 and ends at age 16. A. compelling B. forced C. obliged D. compulsory 13. He obviously displays a great for some of your poems. A. consent B. admiration C. respect D. pleasure 14. If each

manager makes his usual speech, the meeting will be for forty-five minutes. A. expanded B. prolonged C. delayed D. exceeded 15.The weatherman broadcasts the in temperature twice a day. A. division B. variation C. variety D. modification 16.The Space Age in October 1957 when the first artificial satellite was launched by the Soviet Union. A. initiated B. originated C. embarked D. commenced 17. The fire has caused great losses, but the factory tried to the consequences by saying that the damage was not as serious as reported. A. decrease B. subtract C. minimize D. degrade 18. If the world is to remain peaceful the utmost effort must be made by nations to limit local . A. collisions B. combats C. contradictions D. conflicts 19. Satellite communications are so up-to-date that even when in the middle of the Pacific, businessmen can contact their offices as if they were next door.
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A. gliding B. cruising C. piloting D. patrolling 20. During the construction of skyscrapers, cranes are used to building materials to the upper floors. A. toss B. tow C. hoist D. hurl 21.They stood gazing at the happy of children playing in the park. A. perspective B. view C. landscape D. scene 22. It is through learning that the individual many habitual ways of reacting to situations. A. retains B. gains C. achieves D. acquires 23. During their first teacher training year, the students often visited local schools for the of lessons. A. observation B. investigation C. inspection D. examination 24. Out of revenge, he did his worst to blacken her character and ruin her reputation. A. perfect B. total C. sheer D. integral 25. The children cheered up when they saw hundreds of colorful balloons slowly into the sky. (1998.1) A. floating B. raising C. heaving D. ascending 26. His career was not noticeably by the fact that he had never been to college. A. prevented B. restrained C. hindered D. refrained 27. Although he was on a diet, the food him enormously. A. inspired B. tempted C. overcame D. encouraged 28. This is the piano on which the composer created some of his greatest works. A. true B. original C. real D. genuine 29. He was to steal the money when he saw it lying on the table. (9701) A. dragged B. tempted C. elicited D. attracted 30. Being somewhat short-sighted, he had the habit of at people. A. glancing B. peering C. gazing D. scanning 31. Of the thousands of known volcanoes in the world, the majority are inactive. (9701) A. tremendous B. demanding C. intensive D. overwhelming 32. The morning news says a school bus with a train at the junction and a group of policemen were sent there immediately. A. bumped B. collided C. crashed D. struck 33. By computation, he estimated that the repairs on the house would cost him a thousand dollars. (9706) A. coarse B. rude C. crud

e D. rough 34. The runner can run 2 miles in fifteen minutes. A. common B. usual C. average D. general 35. Most nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a . (9706) A. scarcity B. minority C. minimum D. shortage 36. I am sure I can him into letting us stay in the hotel for the night. A. speak B. say C. talk D. tell 37. Last year, the crime rate in Chicago has sharply . A. declined B. lessened C. descended D. slipped 38.The republication of the poet’s most recent works will certainly his national reputation. A. magnify B. strengthen C. enlarge D. enhance 39. If the fire alarm is sounded, all residents are requested to in the courtyard. A. assemble B. converge C. crowd D. accumulate 40.The city has decided to smoking. (1995.1) A. do away with B. take away C. get away with D. put away
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二、 形似音近词 1. The girl was a shop assistant; she is now a manager in a large department store. A. preliminarily B. presumably C. formally D. formerly 2. We rarely perceive more than a minute of the sights and sounds that fall upon our sense organs, the great majority pass us by . A. fiction B. function C. fraction D. friction 3. Although not an economist himself, Dr. Smith has long been a severe critic of the government’s policies. A. economical B. economy C. economic D. economics 4. The branches could hardly the weight of the fruit. A. retain B. sustain C. maintain D. remain 5. Clark felt that his in one of the most dramatic medical experiments of all time was worth the suffering he underwent. A. apprehension B. appreciation C. presentation D. participation 6. Sadly, the Giant Panda is one of the many species now in danger of . A. extinction B. migration C. destruction D. extraction 7. The old gentleman was a very looking person, with gray hair and gold spectacles. A. respectful B. respected C. respective D. respectable 8. Franklin D. Roosevelt argued that the depression stemmed from the American economy’s flaw. A. underlining B. vulnerable C. vulgar D. underlying 9. As you have seen , the values of a nation’s currency is a of its economy. A. reaction B. reflection C. response D. revelation 10. In the past ten years skyscrapers have developed in Chicago and New York City. (1999.1) A. homogeneously B. simultaneously C. spontaneously D. harmoniously 11.The changing image of the family on television provides into changing attitudes toward the family in society. A. insights B. presentations C. revelations D. specifications 12. Bill is an example of a severely disabled person who has become at many survival skills. A. proficient B. persistent C. consistent D. sufficient 13.When he realized he had been to sign the contract by intrigue, he threatened to start legal proceedings to cancel the agreement. A. elicite

d B. excited C. deduced D. induced 14.The directions were so that it was impossible to complete the assignment. A. ingenious B. ambitious C. notorious D. ambiguous 15.Movie directors use music to the action on the screen. A. contaminate B. compliment C. contemplate D. complement 16.A terrible traffic accident happened; people were saddened when they watched the sight on TV. A. panic B. patriotic C. pathetic D. periodic 17. Some people think that a translation, or word-for-word translation, is easier than a free translation. A. literal B. literary C. liberal D. linear 18. He attends to the of important business himself. (9806) A. transaction B. transition C. transmission D. transformation 19.It’s a pleasure for him to his energy and even his life to research work. A. delicate B. dictate C. decorate D. direct 20. There is a difference in meaning between the words surroundings and environment. A. gentle B. subtle C. feeble D. humble
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21.The vast majority of people in any given culture will to the established standards of that culture. A. confine B. conform C. confront D. confirm 22. If you want this pain killer, you’ll have to ask the doctor for a . A. receipt B. recipe C. subscription D. prescription 23. Mr. Bloom is not now, but he will be famous someday. A. significant B. dominant C. magnificent D. prominent 24. Some children display an curiosity about every new thing they encounter. A. incredible B. infectious C. incompatible D. inaccessible 25. It will be safer to walk the streets because people will not need to carry large amounts of cash; virtually all financial will be conducted by computer. (9706) A. transactions B. transmissions C. transitions D. transformations 26. The of a cultural phenomenon is usually a logical consequence of some physical aspect in the life style of the people. A. implementation B. manifestation C. demonstration D. expedition 27. The new technological revolution in American newspapers has brought increase , a wider range of publications and an expansion of newspaper jobs. A. manipulation B. reproduction C. circulation D. penetration 28. The people living in these apartments have free to that swimming pool. A. access B. excess C. excursion D. recreation 29. In general, matters which lie entirely within state borders are the concern of state governments. A. extinct B. excluding C. excessive D. exclusive 30. The problems requiring immediate solution will be given at the meeting. (1996.6) A. priority B. urgency C. superiority D. emergency 31. Your excuse that an elephant fell on you and made you late is just . A. inevitable B. indispensable C. incredible D. incurable 32. Another big issue the new republic is the problem of the education of its citizens. A. confining B. confirming C. conforming D. confronting 33. R

adar is used to extend the of man’s senses for observing his environment, especially the sense of vision. A. validity B. liability C. capability D. intensity 34. Although Asian countries are generally more in social customs than Western countries, there have been several notable examples of women leaders in both China and India. A. conservative B. confidential C. comprehensive D. consistent 35. The economic crises in that country have threatened the of the government. (9506) A. stability B. capability C. persistence D. permanence 36. Communication is the process of a message from a source to an audience via a channel. A. transmitting B. submitting C. transforming D. switching 37. Of all the soldiers they had the of being the fiercest, the most patriotic, the toughest. A. recognition B. reservation C. recreation D. reputation 38. On turning the corner, we saw the road steeply. A. departing B. descending C. decreasing D. depressing 39. All our attempts to the child from drowning were in vain. A. regain B. recover C. reserve D. rescue 40. The of finding gold in California were good in the 1840s. A. proposals B. promises C. prospects D. privileges
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三﹑词汇同现 1. Parents often faced the between doing what they felt was good for the development of the child and what they could stand by way of undisciplined noise and destructiveness. (2000.1) A. paradox B. junction C. dilemma D. premise 2. The damage to his car was ; therefore, he could repair it himself. A. considerable B. appreciable C. negligible D. invisible 3. My sister is quite and plans to get an M.A. degree within one year. (2000.1) A. aggressive B. enthusiastic C. considerate D. ambitious 4. Very few people understood his lecture, the subject of which was very . A. dim B. obscure C. conspicuous D. intelligible 5. This book is expected to the best-seller lists. A. promote B. prevail C. dominate D. exemplify 6. Under the guidance of their teacher, the pupils are building a model boat by steam. (2000.1) A. towed B. pressed C. tossed D. propelled 7. It took us only a few hours to the paper off all four walls. A. shear B. scrape C. stroke D. chip 8. Now the cheers and applause in a single sustained roar. A. mingled B. concentrated C. assembled D. permeated 9. When people are asked what kind of housing they need or want, the question a variety of answers. (9906) A. defies B. magnifies C. mediates D. evokes 10. Some studies confirmed that this kind of eye disease was in tropical countries. A. prospective B. prevalent C. provocative D. perpetual 11. Although there are occasional outbreaks of gunfire, we can report that the rebellion has in the main been . A. canceled B. destroyed C. suppressed D. restrained 12. Since the two countries couldn’t their differences, they decided to stop the

ir negotiations. A. rectify B. oblige C. reconcile D. obscure 13. Mike just discovered that his passport had three months ago. A. abolished B. expired C. amended D. constrained 14. The presidential candidate his position by winning several primary elections. A. enforced B. enriched C. intensified D. consolidated 15. His directions confused us; we did not know which of the two roads to take. A. ambiguous B. complicated C. arbitrary D. intricate 16. When he tried to make a , he found that the hotel that he wanted was completely filled because of a convention. A. complaint B. claim C. reservation D. decision 17. A budget of five dollars a day is totally for a trip round Europe. A. inadequate B. incapable C. incompatible D. invalid 18. The kitchen was small and so that the disabled could reach everything without difficulty. A. conventional B. compact C. compatible D. concise 19. The court considers a financial to be an appropriate way of punishing him. A. option B. duty C. obligation D. penalty 20. The original elections were declared by the former military ruler. A. void B. vulgar C. surplus D. extravagant 21. The ties that bind us together in common activity are so that they can disappear at any moment.
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A. trivial B. fatal C. tentative D. feeble 22. Mary once with another musician to compose a piece of pop music. A. merged B. collaborated C. coincided D. constituted 23. Many novels that attempt to mirror the world are really of the reality that they represent. A. reflections B. demonstrations C. illuminations D. reproductions 24. If we our relations with that country, we’ll have to find another supplier of raw materials. A. diffuse B. diminish C. terminate D. preclude 25. Over the last fifteen years, running has become a popular for 30 million participants of all ages. A. fantasy B. pastime C. symposium D. penalty 26. His body temperature has been for 3 years, the highest point reaching 40.5 degree centigrade. A. uncommon B. disordered C. abnormal D. extraordinary 27. The captain the horizon for approaching ships. A. scanned B. scrutinized C. explored D. swept 28. This kind of material can heat and moisture. A delete B. compel C. constrain D. repel 29. As an excellent shooter, Peter practiced aiming at both targets and moving targets. A. standing B. stationary C. still D. stable 30. The insurance company paid him $10,000 in after his accident. A. compensation B. installment C. substitution D. commission 31. I think she hurt my feelings rather than by accident as she claimed. A. virtually B. deliberately C. literally D. appropriately 32. He is holding a position in the company and expects to be promoted soon. A. subordinate B. succeeding C. successive D. subsequent 33. You need to rewrite this sentence because it is ; the readers will have di