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浙江2017高考英语阅读理解(细节理解)精讲精练(附答案)概述

浙江2017高考英语阅读理解（细节理解）精讲精练（附答案）

高考英语阅读理解常考点分析

阅读理解试题常采用以下四种题型：

1. 考查考生快速捕捉信息、处理信息的能力(细节理解题)；

2. 考查考生对某个词或词语的理解能力(词义猜测题) ；

3. 考查考生对文章主旨大意或段落大意的概括能力(主旨大意题)；

4. 考查考生对文章的隐含意义、延伸意义的推理判断能力(推理判断题)。

【细节理解题】

Ⅰ. 细节理解题一般可分为：直接信息题、间接信息题和信息综合题。

1. 直接信息题：先看题干，以便在阅读的过程中更快找出相关事实细节。

2. 间接信息题：需结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行简单的概括和判断。

3. 信息综合题：涉及文章中的几句话，而且有时可能散落在文章的不同地方，因此要把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析。

Ⅱ. 正确答案的特点：与原文信息表达手法不同，但所表达的意思相同。

Ⅲ. 干扰项的特点：

1. 是原文信息，但与题目要求不符；

2. 符合常识，但不符合原文内容；

3. 与原文信息极为相似，只是在程度上有些不同；

4. 选项中所提供的信息部分正确，部分错误；

5. 在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反。

【真题回放一】

How did Mr. Plowright let people know what he was doing? Why, he advertised, of course. First he opened a shop and then he put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers. That sign may have been no more than a plow carved into a piece of wood and a simple arrow pointing to the shop door. It was probably all the information people needed to find Mr. Plowright and his really good plows.（2013 浙江卷阅读理解A篇）

42. To advertise his plows, Mr. Plowright .

A. praised his plows in public

B. placed a sign outside the shop

C. hung an arrow pointing to the shop

D. showed his products to the customers

42. B。这是一道直接信息题。该段摘自原文第四段，根据该段中的First he opened a shop

and then he put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers可知，为了推销自己的犁，Mr. Plowright在商店外面放了一个牌子。

【讲解配题】

2016高考英语阅读理解集训。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

Coffee is one of the most popular drinks throughout the world today. In fact, according to some estimates, over 30% of all adults in the world drink coffee at least once a day on the average. Coffee contains a kind of drug called caffeine. Caffeine is a chemical that stimulates (刺激) the nerves of the body. Drinking coffee tends to make people a little bit more awake―at least for a short

time―because of this stimulating effect on the ner vous system. A cup of coffee has, on the average, about 3% caffeine in it.

One story of the discovery of the coffee plant relates to this effect of caffeine. According to the story, coffee was discovered in East Africa. The story says that coffee was first found by a goat farmer named Kaldi. This was about the year 850. Kaldi was leading his animals through the mountains and the goats were stopping repeatedly to eat the plants near the path. Suddenly, some of the goats started jumping up and down in a very strange way. Kaldi figured out that the goats were acting this way because of the plants they were eating. Kaldi himself tried eating some of the green beans (豆荚) that the goats had been eating. He, too, felt the stimulating effect of the beans. Kaldi wanted to prove what had happened, so he picked some of the beans and took them back to the village, where he told his story.

The green bean got the name "Kaffa" and later "coffee" because the beans were discovered in a place called Kaffa in Africa. Then for years, people used to eat a few of the green Kaffa beans when they were in the mountains and needed extra energy to do their work. It was later found that the coffee beans could be picked and then dried until they turned brown, and then they could be stored. If the beans were dried and stored, they could be used at any time.

1.What is the purpose of drinking coffee?

A. To become more awake.

B. To become more healthy.

C. To become more happy.

D. To become more clever.

2.How did the goats react after eating the plants?

A. They fell asleep.

B. They could not find their way home.

C. They started jumping up and down.

D. They wanted to eat more.

3.Why did the green bean get the name "Kaffa"?

A. Because Kaldi loved his home village very much.

B. Because Kaldi's goats loved the green bean very much.

C. Because the beans were discovered in a place by this name.

D. Because the beans could be picked and dried.

【参考答案】1.A 2.C 3.C

【解析】

试题分析：本文为我们介绍了咖啡豆。通过一个牧羊人的故事为我们讲述了咖啡豆名字的起源及其产地和作用。

1.理解题。从第一段中“Drinking coffee tends to make people a little bit more awake”中可以看出咖啡豆的作用是使人变得清醒，故选A。

2.细节理解题。从文中第二段中“Suddenly, some of the goats started jumping up and down in a very strange way.”可以看出吃了这种植物后，一些羊开始以很奇怪的方式的跳上跳下，故选C。

3.细节理解题。从最后一段第一句“The green bean got the name "Kaffa" and later "coffee" because the beans were discovered in a place called Kaffa in Africa.”可知，这种青豆开始叫“Kaffa”后来变为“咖啡”是因为它是在非洲一个叫Kaffa的地方被发现的，故选C。

考点：事物说明类阅读

【真题回放二】

In college I had been taught that a successful educator should ignore bad behavior. So I did, confident that, as the textbook had said, the bad behavior would disappear as I gave my students positive attention. It sounds reasonable, but the text evidently ignored the fact that humans, particularly teenagers, rarely seem reasonable.（2013 浙江卷阅读理解D篇）

56. According to the passage, which of the following is most probably the writer’s problem as a new teacher?

A. She had blind trust in what she learnt at college.

B. She didn’t ask experienced teachers for advice.

C. She took too much time off to eat and sleep.

D. She didn’t like teaching English literature.

56. A。这是一道间接信息题。该段摘自原文第四段的部分内容，根据So I did, confident that, as the textbook had said, the bad behavior would disappear as I gave my students positive attention可知，作者特别相信从书本上学到的东西，这种盲目的相信让她在实际教学中遇到了困难。

【讲解配题】

阅读理解。

I shall never forget the day when the earthquake took place.The time was about 5 o’clock in the afternoon and I was driving along the road to take my daughter from school.Our plan was to go swimming together.I had finished my work at 4 o’clock and then gone to the Post Office.Then I stopped off at a shop in order to get some fresh fruit.We liked to have some fruit to eat after our swim.

I was driving along a high road on my way to my daughter’s school.Over my road was another road which was built like a bridge for cars coming to the other way.I was hungry so I put the bag of apples in the seat beside me and started to eat one.

Suddenly I saw the cars in front of me start to move from side to side.Then my car started to shake！I didn’t know what was happening.Perhaps something had gone wrong with my car.I drove a little more slowly and then I stopped the car and at the same moment the road fell onto the car in front

of me.

I found myself in the dark.I couldn’t move.The bottom parts of both of my legs and my feet were hurting badly and I couldn’t move them.All around me was quiet.But above me I could hear shouts and a lot of noise.Then I memorized (记起) what had happened.I had been in an earthquake.

For about two hours nobody came.Luckily I could reach the bag of apples，so at least I had plenty to eat.Then I heard people climbing towards me.A team of people had come to see if anyone was under the broken road.I called out，“I’m here！” I heard a shout.Soon a stranger climbed to the side of the road near my car.“How are you doing？” he asked.

“Not too bad，” I said，“But my feet and legs feel as if they’re broken.”“We’ll have you out of there just as soon as we can.” They didn’t get me out until the next morning.I had been in my car for fourteen hours.

1．When the earthquake took place，the writer was________.

A．on his way to the Post Office B．stopping off at a shop

C．doing some shopping D．under a road built like a bridge

解析：从第二段最后一句话可知，当地震发生时，作者正开车行驶在一条像桥一样的路的下面。这条路塌了下来，砸在了他的车上。

答案： D

2．The writer’s car began to move from side to side because________.

A．there was something wrong with his car

B．he ate apples as he drove

C．an earthquake began to happen

D．he drove too fast

解析：feel是系动词，后面跟有表语，我们知道当tire成tiring和tired时，才起到形容词的作用。

答案： C

3．Which of the following is True according to the passage?

A．When the earthquake happened，the writer was with his daughter together.

B．The writer’s legs and feet were badly wounded in the earthquake.

C．The writer was saved as soon as the stranger climbed up the road.

D．The writer was so frightened that he forgot everything that happened around him.

解析：从短文的内容可知，作者在接他女儿之前发生了地震。因此，在地震发生时，他并没有和他女儿在一起。又从最后一段可知，他被救出时，已经到了第二天上午。因此，也不是在那位陌生人一看到他就把他救了出来。再从他被砸在路下面后不久，他就记起了所发生的事，所以，他并没有吓得什么也想不起来。只有他的腿和脚被严重砸伤是真实的。

答案： B

4．Which of the following shows the right order of what happened to the writer?

a—A stranger climbed to the side of road near his car and asked how he was going.

b—The writer finished his work.

c—He felt his car shaking on his way to his daughter’s school.

d—He bought some fresh fruit in a shop.

e—He was saved the next morning.

f—The writer found himself in the dark.

g—He went to the Post Office.

A．b，g，d，c，f，a，e B．b，d，c，g，f，a，e

C．d，b，c，f，g，a，e D．c，a，f，g，b，d，e

解析：通读全文，我们可知，正确的顺序是：作者下班后，先去了邮局，又把车停在一家商店前，下车买了一些水果。在接他女儿的路上他感觉他的车子晃动，上面的公路塌了下来，将他砸在了路下面。他感觉自己处在黑暗之中，一位陌生人发现了他，第二天上午他被救了出来。

答案： A

5．From the passage we’re sure that the writer was________.

A．a teacher of a school B．a manager of a shop

C．a father of a girl D．a worker of a Post Office

解析：通过短文我们可以确切地知道作者是一位女孩的父亲，而无法确定作者是一位学校的教师，一家商店的经理或一家邮局的工人。

答案：C。

【冲向高考】

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

Two recent studies have found that punishment is not the best way to influence behavior.

One showed that adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards. Researchers at Harvard University in the United States and the Stockholm School of Economics in Sweden did the study.

They had about two hundred college students play a version of the game known a s the Prisoner’s Dilemma. The game is based on the tension (紧张气氛) between the interests (利益) of an individual and a group. The students played in groups of four. Each player could win points for the group, so they would all gain equally. But each player could also reward or punish each of the other three players, at a cost to the punisher.

Harvard researcher David Rand says the most successful behavior proved to be cooperation. The groups that rewarded it the most earned about twice as much in the game as the groups that rewarded it the least. And the more a group punished itself, the lower its earnings were. The group

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