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ANSYS课设结课报告

长江大学工程技术学院机械CAD/CAE软件实践报告（2016-2017学年第一学期）

学院机械工程学院

专业班级机械61303班

学生姓名***

学号/序号******** / **

指导教师**/讲师

完成时间2016年**月**日

一、梯度桁架的静力分析 (2)

1.1问题及描述 (2)

1.2静力分析图 (2)

1.3命令流如下: (2)

二、梁的静力分析 (5)

2.1变形图 (6)

2.2剪力图 (7)

2.3剪力弯矩图 (8)

2.4命令流如下： (8)

三、三维实体结构的分析 (9)

3.1分析工字钢的受力情况 (10)

3.2工字钢的压力图 (10)

3.3工字钢的云图 (10)

3.4命令流如下： (11)

四、扳手的受力分析 (14)

4.1分析六棱扳手的受力情况 (14)

4.2变形图 (14)

4.3应力图 (15)

4.4命令流如下： (15)

五、实体梁的设计 (17)

5.1梁的尺寸和载荷 (17)

5.2 分析步骤 (17)

5.2.1改变工作名 (17)

5.2.2创建单元类型 (18)

5.2.3定义实常数 (18)

5.2.4定义材料特性 (18)

5.2.5 创建体 (19)

5.2.6 删除体、保留面 (19)

5.2.7显示面 (19)

5.2.8 旋转工作平面 (19)

5.2.9创建圆柱体 (20)

5.2.10交迭所有面，以保证壳单元实体和实体单元实体有公共边界 (21)

5.2.11 选择壳单元实体 (21)

5.2.12划分单元 (21)

5.2.13为施加约束，选择面和节点 (22)

5.2.14 施加约束 (22)

5.2.15选择所有 (22)

5.2.16 施加载荷 (23)

5.2.17求解 (23)

5.2.18改变视点 (23)

5.2.19查看结果，应力 (23)

5.3 命令流 (24)

六心得体会 (26)

一、梯度桁架的静力分析

1.1问题及描述

如图所示，水平放置的底端杆长为6m，其他水平放置的杆长为3 m，竖直放

置的杆长为3m，截面积为0.35m2的桁架结构，底部左端节点固定，底部右端节

点在Y方向固定，在顶端节点施加一个 X方向的5000N的力，试以静力来进行

分析。

36?

=泊松比0.3

1.2静力分析图

1.3命令流如下:

/CLEAR,START /COM,ANSYS RELEASE 10.0 UP20050718

20:06:24 09/20/2016

/input,start100,ans,'C:\Program

Files\Ansys

Inc\v100\ANSYS\apdl\',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1 /REPLOT,RESIZE

/NOPR

/PMETH,OFF,0

KEYW,PR_SET,1

KEYW,PR_STRUC,1

KEYW,PR_THERM,0

KEYW,PR_FLUID,0

KEYW,PR_ELMAG,0

KEYW,MAGNOD,0

KEYW,MAGEDG,0

KEYW,MAGHFE,0

KEYW,MAGELC,0

KEYW,PR_MULTI,0

KEYW,PR_CFD,0

/GO

/COM,

/COM,Preferences for GUI filtering have been set to display:

/COM, Structural

/PREP7

ET,1,LINK1

R,1,0.35, ,

MPTEMP,,,,,,,,

MPTEMP,1,0

MPDATA,EX,1,,36e6

MPDATA,PRXY,1,,0.3

N,1,0,0,0,,,,

N,2,6,0,0,,,,

N,3,3,3,0,,,,

N,4,0,3,0,,,,

N,4,6,3,0,,,,

N,4,0,3,0,,,,

N,5,6,3,0,,,, N,6,9,6,0,,,, N,6,3,6,0,,,, N,7,0,6,0,,,, N,8,6,6,0,,,, N,9,3,9,0,,,, N,10,0,9,0,,,, N,11,6,9,0,,,, N,12,3,12,0,,,, N,13,0,12,0,,,, N,13,6,12,0,,,, N,13,0,12,0,,,, N,14,6,12,0,,,, N,15,3,15,0,,,, FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,1 FITEM,2,2

E,P51X

FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,3 FITEM,2,1

E,P51X

FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,3 FITEM,2,2

E,P51X

FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,3 FITEM,2,5

E,P51X

FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,2 FITEM,2,5

E,P51X

FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,4 FITEM,2,1

E,P51X

FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,4 FITEM,2,3

E,P51X

FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,7 FITEM,2,6

E,P51X FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,6 FITEM,2,8 E,P51X FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,8 FITEM,2,5 E,P51X FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,6 FITEM,2,4 E,P51X FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,6 FITEM,2,5 E,P51X FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,7 FITEM,2,4 E,P51X FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,10 FITEM,2,7 E,P51X FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,9 FITEM,2,7 E,P51X FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,9 FITEM,2,8 E,P51X FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,10 FITEM,2,9 E,P51X FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,9 FITEM,2,11 E,P51X FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,11 FITEM,2,8 E,P51X FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,13 FITEM,2,10 E,P51X FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,12 FITEM,2,10 E,P51X FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,12 FITEM,2,11 E,P51X FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,14 FITEM,2,11 E,P51X FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,13 FITEM,2,12 E,P51X FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,12 FITEM,2,14 E,P51X FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,15 FITEM,2,13 E,P51X FLST,2,2,1 FITEM,2,15 FITEM,2,14 E,P51X

/PNUM,KP,0 /PNUM,LINE,0 /PNUM,AREA,0 /PNUM,VOLU,0 /PNUM,NODE,1 /PNUM,TABN,0 /PNUM,SVAL,0 /NUMBER,0 !*

/PNUM,ELEM,1 /REPLOT

!* FINISH /SOL

FLST,2,1,1,ORDE,1 FITEM,2,1 !* /GO

D,P51X, ,0, , , ,ALL, , , , , FLST,2,1,1,ORDE,1 FITEM,2,2 !* /GO

D,P51X, ,0, , , ,UY, , , , ,

FLST,2,1,1,ORDE,1 FITEM,2,15 !* /GO

F,P51X,FX,5000 /STATUS,SOLU SOLVE FINISH /POST1 PLDISP,2 !*

PRNSOL,U,COMP

二、梁的静力分析

有一个梁结构如图所示，m L 8=，,1.0m h =m b 2.0=，求梁结构受力后的变形、剪力及弯矩图。211/102m N E ?=,3.0=μ，m N q /1000=。

2.3剪力弯矩图

2.4命令流如下：

/COM,ANSYS RELEASE 10.0 UP20050718 19:09:36 09/22/2016 /input,menust,tmp,'',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1 /GRA,POWER /GST,ON /PLO,INFO,3 /GRO,CURL,ON /CPLANE,1 /REPLOT,RESIZE WPSTYLE,,,,,,,,0 !* /NOPR /PMETH,OFF,0 KEYW,PR_SET,1 KEYW,PR_STRUC,1 KEYW,PR_THERM,0 KEYW,PR_FLUID,0 KEYW,PR_ELMAG,0 KEYW,MAGNOD,0 KEYW,MAGEDG,0 KEYW,MAGHFE,0 KEYW,MAGELC,0 KEYW,PR_MULTI,0 KEYW,PR_CFD,0 /GO !* /COM, /COM,Preferences for GUI filtering have been set to display: /COM, Structural !* /PREP7 !* ET,1,BEAM3 !* R,1,0.02,0.17e-4,0.1, , , , !* !*

MPTEMP,,,,,,,,

MPTEMP,1,0

MPDATA,EX,1,,2e11 MPDATA,PRXY,1,,0.3

K,1,0,0,0,

K,2,8,0,0,

LSTR, 1, 2

/REPLOT,RESIZE

LSTR, 1, 2

LESIZE,ALL, , ,8, ,1, , ,1, LMESH, 1

/PNUM,KP,0

/PNUM,LINE,0

/PNUM,AREA,0

/PNUM,VOLU,0

/PNUM,NODE,0

/PNUM,TABN,0

/PNUM,SVAL,0

/NUMBER,0

/PNUM,ELEM,1

/REPLOT

/UI,MESH,OFF

FINISH

/SOL

FLST,2,1,3,ORDE,1 FITEM,2,1

/GO

FLST,2,1,3,ORDE,1 FITEM,2,1

!* /GO

DK,P51X, , , ,0,ALL, , , , , , FLST,2,1,2,ORDE,1

FITEM,2,1

SFBEAM,P51X,1,PRES,0,250, , , , , FLST,2,1,2,ORDE,1

FITEM,2,2

SFBEAM,P51X,1,PRES,250,500, , , , , FLST,2,1,2,ORDE,1

FITEM,2,3

SFBEAM,P51X,1,PRES,500,750, , , , , FLST,2,1,2,ORDE,1

FITEM,2,4

SFBEAM,P51X,1,PRES,750,1000, , , , , FLST,2,1,2,ORDE,1

FITEM,2,5

SFBEAM,P51X,1,PRES,1000,750, , , , , FLST,2,1,2,ORDE,1

FITEM,2,6

SFBEAM,P51X,1,PRES,750,500, , , , , FLST,2,1,2,ORDE,1

FITEM,2,7

SFBEAM,P51X,1,PRES,500,250, , , , , FLST,2,1,2,ORDE,1

FITEM,2,8

SFBEAM,P51X,1,PRES,250,0, , , , , /STATUS,SOLU

SOLVE

FINISH

/POST1

PLDISP,2

/REPLOT,RESIZE

三、三维实体结构的分析

图25所示为一工字钢梁，两端均为固定端，其截面尺寸为

l03

2.0

0.1=

=。试建立该工字钢梁的三维实体模型，并在考虑重力的情况下对其进行结构静力分析。其他已知参数如下：

弹性模量（也称杨式模量） E= 206GPa ；泊松比3.0=u ；材料密度3/7800m kg =ρ；重力加速度2/8.9s m g =；

作用力Fy 作用于梁的上表面沿长度方向中线处，为分布力，其大小Fy=-5000N

3.1分析工字钢的受力情况 3.2工字钢的压力图

3.3工字钢的云图

图25 工字钢结构示意图

3.4命令流如下：

/BATCH

/COM,ANSYS RELEASE 10.0 UP20050718 18:53:51 09/28/2016

/input,menust,tmp,'',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1 /GRA,POWER /GST,ON /PLO,INFO,3 /GRO,CURL,ON /CPLANE,1 /REPLOT,RESIZE WPSTYLE,,,,,,,,0

/input,start100,ans,'C:\Program Files\Ansys Inc\v100\ANSYS\apdl\',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1 /input,menust,tmp,'',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1 /GRA,POWER /GST,ON /PLO,INFO,3 /GRO,CURL,ON /CPLANE,1 /REPLOT,RESIZE WPSTYLE,,,,,,,,0 !*

/NOPR /PMETH,OFF,0

KEYW,PR_SET,1 KEYW,PR_STRUC,1 KEYW,PR_THERM,0 KEYW,PR_FLUID,0 KEYW,PR_ELMAG,0 KEYW,MAGNOD,0 KEYW,MAGEDG,0 KEYW,MAGHFE,0 KEYW,MAGELC,0 KEYW,PR_MULTI,0 KEYW,PR_CFD,0 /GO !* /COM,

/COM,Preferences for GUI filtering have been set to display: /COM, Structural !* /PREP7 !*

ET,1,SOLID45

!* MPTEMP,,,,,,,, MPTEMP,1,0

MPDATA,EX,1,,2.06e11 MPDATA,PRXY,1,,0.3 MPTEMP,,,,,,,, MPTEMP,1,0

MPDATA,DENS,1,,7800

K,1,-0.08,0,0,

K,2,0.08,0,0,

K,3,0.08,0.02,0,

K,4,0.015,0.02,0,

K,5,-0.015,0.02,0,

K,6,-0.08,0.02,0,

K,7,-0.08,0.18,0,

K,8,-0.015,0.18,0,

K,9,0.015,0.18,0,

K,10,0.08,0.18,0,

K,11,0.08,0.2,0,

K,12,-0.08,0.2,0, LSTR, 1, 2 LSTR, 1, 6 LSTR, 2, 3 LSTR, 3, 4 LSTR, 4, 9 LSTR, 9, 10 LSTR, 10, 11 LSTR, 11, 12 LSTR, 12, 7 LSTR, 7, 8 LSTR, 8, 5 LSTR, 5, 6 FLST,2,12,4

FITEM,2,5

FITEM,2,4

FITEM,2,3

FITEM,2,1

FITEM,2,2

FITEM,2,12

FITEM,2,11

FITEM,2,10

FITEM,2,6 FITEM,2,7 FITEM,2,8 FITEM,2,9

AL,P51X

VOFFST,1,1, ,

/VIEW,1,1,1,1

/ANG,1

/REP,FAST ESIZE,0.02,0, CM,_Y,VOLU

VSEL, , , , 1 CM,_Y1,VOLU CHKMSH,'VOLU' CMSEL,S,_Y

VSWEEP,_Y1

CMDELE,_Y CMDELE,_Y1 CMDELE,_Y2

FLST,2,1,5,ORDE,1 FITEM,2,2

/GO

DA,P51X,ALL,

/VIEW,1,,,-1

/ANG,1

/REP,FAST

/VIEW,1,1,1,1

/ANG,1

/REP,FAST

/VIEW,1,,,1

/ANG,1

/REP,FAST

/VIEW,1,,,-1

/ANG,1

/REP,FAST

/VIEW,1,1,1,1

/ANG,1

/REP,FAST

FLST,2,1,5,ORDE,1 FITEM,2,1

/GO

DA,P51X,ALL,

FLST,2,1,5,ORDE,1 FITEM,2,2

/GO

DA,P51X,ALL,

NSEL,S,LOC,Z,0.5

NPLOT

NSEL,R,LOC,Y,0.2

NPLOT

/REPLOT,RESIZE

FLST,2,9,1,ORDE,9 FITEM,2,1170

FITEM,2,1219

FITEM,2,1268

FITEM,2,1317

FITEM,2,1366

FITEM,2,1415

FITEM,2,1464

FITEM,2,2216

FITEM,2,2273

/GO

F,P51X,FY,-5000

/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1 /REP,FAST

/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1 /REP,FAST

ALLSEL,ALL

EPLOT

/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1 /REP,FAST

/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1 /REP,FAST /DIST,1,1.08222638492,1 /REP,FAST

/DIST,1,1.08222638492,1 /REP,FAST

/DIST,1,0.924021086472,1 /REP,FAST

ACEL,0,9.8,0,

FINISH

/SOL

/STATUS,SOLU

SOLVE

FINISH

/POST1

/EFACET,1

PLNSOL, U,Y, 0,1.0

/RGB,INDEX,100,100,100, 0

/RGB,INDEX, 80, 80, 80,13

/RGB,INDEX, 60, 60, 60,14

/RGB,INDEX, 0, 0, 0,15

/REPLOT

PLNSOL,U,Y

ANCNTR,10,0.1

四、扳手的受力分析

4.1分析六棱扳手的受力情况4.2变形图

4.3应力图

4.4命令流如下：

/BATCH

/COM,ANSYS RELEASE 12.0.1 UP20090415 09:26:21 09/26/2016

/input,menust,tmp,'',,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1

/GRA,POWER

/GST,ON

/PLO,INFO,3

/GRO,CURL,ON

/CPLANE,1

/REPLOT,RESIZE

WPSTYLE,,,,,,,,0

/NOPR

/PMETH,OFF,0

KEYW,PR_SET,1

KEYW,PR_STRUC,1

KEYW,PR_THERM,0

KEYW,PR_FLUID,0

KEYW,PR_ELMAG,0

KEYW,MAGNOD,0 KEYW,MAGEDG,0

KEYW,MAGHFE,0

KEYW,MAGELC,0

KEYW,PR_MULTI,0

KEYW,PR_CFD,0

/GO

/COM,

/COM,Preferences for GUI filtering have been set to display:

/COM, Structural

/PREP7

ET,1,PLANE42

ET,2,SOLID45

MPTEMP,,,,,,,,

MPTEMP,1,0 MPDATA,EX,1,,2e11 MPDATA,PRXY,1,,0.3 RPR4,6,0,0,0.01,

/VIEW, 1 ,1,1,1

/ANG, 1

/REP,FAST

/AUTO, 1

/REP

/PNUM,KP,1

/PNUM,LINE,1

/PNUM,AREA,0

/PNUM,VOLU,0

/PNUM,NODE,0

/PNUM,TABN,0

/PNUM,SVAL,0

/NUMBER,0

/PNUM,ELEM,0

/REPLOT

K,7,0,0,0,

K,8,0,0,0.05,

K,9,0,0.1,0.05,

LSTR, 7, 8 LSTR, 8, 9 !*

LFILLT,7,8,0.01, , LSTR, 1, 4 ASBL, 1, 10 FLST,5,3,4,ORDE,2 FITEM,5,2

FITEM,5,-4

CM,_Y,LINE

LSEL, , , ,P51X

CM,_Y1,LINE CMSEL,,_Y

LESIZE,_Y1, , ,3, , , , ,1

FLST,5,3,4,ORDE,2 FITEM,5,7

FITEM,5,-9

CM,_Y,LINE LSEL, , , ,P51X

CM,_Y1,LINE CMSEL,,_Y

LESIZE,_Y1,0.01, , , , , , ,1 !*

MSHAPE,0,2D MSHKEY,1

FLST,5,2,5,ORDE,2 FITEM,5,2

FITEM,5,-3

CM,_Y,AREA

ASEL, , , ,P51X

CM,_Y1,AREA CHKMSH,'AREA' CMSEL,S,_Y

AMESH,_Y1

CMDELE,_Y CMDELE,_Y1 CMDELE,_Y2

LPLOT

FLST,2,2,5,ORDE,2 FITEM,2,2

FITEM,2,-3

FLST,8,3,4

FITEM,8,7

FITEM,8,9

FITEM,8,8

VDRAG,P51X, , , , , ,P51X FLST,2,2,5,ORDE,2 FITEM,2,2

FITEM,2,-3 ACLEAR,P51X

EPLOT

FINISH

/SOL

FLST,2,2,5,ORDE,2 FITEM,2,2

FITEM,2,-3

/GO

DA,P51X,ALL, FLST,2,6,3,ORDE,2 FITEM,2,24 FITEM,2,-29

/GO

FK,P51X,FZ,1500 /STATUS,SOLU SOLVE

FINISH

/POST1

PLDISP,2

/RGB,INDEX,100,100,100, 0

/RGB,INDEX, 80, 80, 80,13

/RGB,INDEX, 60, 60, 60,14

/RGB,INDEX, 0, 0, 0,15

/REPLOT

/EFACET,1

PLNSOL, S,EQV, 0,1.0

FINISH

五、实体梁的设计

5.1梁的尺寸和载荷

梁的尺寸如图所示，在梁的2000×300的表面上作用有大小为1Mpa的压力，两端φ200圆柱面为支撑表面。

5.2 分析步骤

5.2.1改变工作名

5.2.2创建单元类型

5.2.3定义实常数

5.2.4定义材料特性

5.2.5 创建体

5.2.6 删除体、保留面5.2.7显示面

5.2.8 旋转工作平面