文档库 最新最全的文档下载
当前位置:文档库 › 新概念语法

新概念语法

新概念语法
新概念语法

目录

Contents

1. 名词、数词……………………………...( 2 )

2. 代词、冠词……………………………...( 5 )

3. 形容词 (11)

4. 介词、副词 (12)

5. 动词 (15)

6. 时态 (17)

7. 时态总结 (21)

8. 问句 (28)

9. 感叹句、祈使句 (30)

10. 倒装句 (33)

名词Nouns

Plural of Nouns and Possessive Nouns

(名词复数及名词所有格)

语法及其规则:

一,名词:表示人,于物,时间,地点或抽象概念的词叫名词,名词是一种实词,在句子中可单独承担多种成分。

二,名词的分类:(可数名词)和(不可数名词)

1. 定义:表示不可计数的物品或概念的名词.eg : tea beer

2. 用法:A, 用some, mush, a little, little, a lot of, lots of , plenty of 等来表示量

B, 借助单位词表示一定数量

3. 不可数名词可以通过以下方式变成可数名词:

1)数词+表示容积的单位词+of + 不可数名词

Eg. a mug of beer 一杯啤酒 A bottle of mineral water一瓶矿泉水A packet of sugar 一包糖

2).数词+以形状表示数量的单位词+of + 不可数名词Eg:a slice of bread 一片面包

A loaf of bread 一条面包

3).数词+表示度量单位的名词+of +不可数名词Eg:a pound of cheese 一磅奶酪

4).数词+一般性表示数量的单位词+不可数名词Eg: a piece of cake / paper /bread/meat.

表示数量的短语:a piece of,一张,一片,用在不可数名词前。表示数量,如:a piece

of bread 。复数加在量词piece的后面,如:three pieces of bread,三片面包。

本课表示数量的短语还有:a can of 一罐头,一听;a slice of 一片;a glass of 一(玻璃)杯;a bowl of 一碗;a bunch of 一串;a jar of 一罐;a cup of 一(茶)杯;a box of 一箱;a bag of 一袋:

表示类别用复数形式。

Eg, drinks,饮料vegetables,蔬菜foods食物fruits水果

五,名词的格:

1, ?s所有格:表示人或有生命的东西的名词,单数名词和不以‖s‖ 结尾的单数名词加‘s如以‖s‖ 结尾的复数名词在词尾加‘

Eg, the teacher‘s book 教师的书Children‘s Day Boys‘ football

Lucy and lily‘s bedroom (表一样东西为两人或多人所共有加?s )

Tom‘s and mike‘s bikes (表示每个人各自所有在词尾加‘)

2. Of 所有格,表示无生命的东西的名词所有格

Eg. the end of the story.The name of the city.

3.介词表示所有格:eg. the key to the door. the answer to the question

Grammar Test (2)

I 请用括号中名词的复数形式填空

1 Look at those _______. (child)

2 I can see a __________ standing near the door. (policeman)

3 Do you want some ________ for dinner? (potato)

4 In autumn, you can see a lot of _______ on the ground.(leaf)

5 He has two _______.One is blue , the other is yellow.( box)

6 Two ________ live in this building .( family )

II 选择正确的词形

1 How many (radioes, radios) can you see?

2 There are 36 (boys, boies) in my class.

3 Look at those (sheeps, sheep).

4 I don‘t want (a, an) old cup.

5 Give me that (box, boxes), please. III 将以下单复数句进行转换

1 This is a knife. ______________________________________

2 That is a tomato. ______________________________________

3 That child is very good._____________________________________

4 These are mice. ______________________________________

5 Those are children. ______________________________________

lv 翻译词组

1.Ben的叔叔

2.我妹妹的书包

3.Anna和Lily的卧室

4.老师们的书

5.儿童节

6.他的朋友的妈妈

7.这只兔子的耳朵8.Ben 和Kitty 的爸爸

9.鞋的颜色10.房间的门

数词Numbers

Numbers: Cardinals and ordinals/Tilling time, Counting Money (基数词,序数词,时间表示法及数钱) 语法及其规则:

1,数词:表示数目,数字和顺序的词叫数词(numeral)

2,数词分类:基数词和序数词,在句中作主语,宾语,表语等

3,基数词的构成:

A.1—12是独立词:one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve

B. 13—19 多在词尾加‖teen‖但13,15,18,特殊,thirteen, fourteen, fifteen ,sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen.

C. 20—90整十位数多数在词尾加‖ty‖ 但20,30,40,50,80,特殊Twenty,. Thirty, forty, fifty ,sixty, seventy, eighty ninety

D.21—99 由几十和几合成的,中间加连字符― —‖ twenty—one21 forty—six 46

E. 101—999三位数中,百位数和十位数或个位数之前加and . 102 one hundred and two

526 five hundred and twenty—six

4.序数词的构成:用来表示事物的位置与顺序

A. First, second, third,为第一,第二,第三,其它序数词的构成是在基数词后加―th‖但fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth 在拼写上有些变化。

B. 在基数词几十几,变序数词时,只变个位数的基数词即可。第二十一,twenty—first

C.一百,一千,一百万,十亿,的序数词的构成是在基数词后加‖th‘如hundred--hundredth

5.英语中的四则运算:

―+‖plus two plus three is five 2+3=5―--‖ minus Five minus four equals one 5-4=1

―*‖ times two times eight is sixteen. 2*8=16

― ÷‖ divided by Twenty divided by two is ten. 20÷2=10

6. 时间的表示法:

A.数字直读法7:10 seven ten

B. 时间的表示法:―O‘clock‖ 用于整点表示:几点整3:00 It‘s 3 o‘clock.

―Past‖ 用于小于30分钟表示:―几点过几分‖ 5:16 It‘s five sixteen. / It‘s 16 past 5

―half‖ 用于等于30分钟表示:几点半4:30 It‘s four thirty/ It‘s half past 4/ It‘s half to 5

―to‖ 用于大于30分钟表示:―差几分到几点‖ 9:58 It‘s nine fifty-eight/ It‘s 2 to 10

7.钱的表示方式

Dollar美元cent每分penny便士cent一美分

询问价钱:How much is it? / How much are they?

练习

100 _______________33 _________________ 66_______________________

111___________________________ 222 _________________________

543___________________________ 694_________________________

999___________________________ 1000_________________________

基变序

two__________ three___________ four __________ five __________ eight ____-____

nine _________ eleven__________ twelve ____________ twenty___________ eighty_________

forty-one_______________fifty-two______________sixty-three________________

写时间

4:00_______________________5:10___________________________7:15____________________________ 8:30_____________________________9:40___________________________10:15______________________ 列数式

3+9=_________________________________________14-7=_____________________________________

3x5=_________________________________10÷5=__________________________________________

代词Pronouns

Subject Pronouns , Present Tense To be –affirmative/negative/questions(人称代词及一般现在时的To be 肯定句,疑问句,及否定句)语法及其规则:

1.代词是代替(名词)的一种词类,大多数代词具有(名词)和(形容词)的功能。可做主语,宾语,表语或定语。

人称代词人称,数及格的变化一览表

2. 英语中的代词按其意义,特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词,物主代词,指示代词,反身代词,

4.To Be 疑问句的变化规则:A,先找Be动词; B,将Be动词提前; C,开头字母大写,D,句号变成问号; E,语调变成升调。

Grammar Test (2)

完成下列表格

二.填空:代词是代替()的一种词类,大多数代词具有()和()的功能。可做主语,(),()或表语。英语中的代词按其意义,特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词,(),指示代词( )代词,( )代词,( )代词,关系代词,和( )代词八种。

I.

1) are English doctor. 2) is a very nice doll. 3) are a new student.

4) am in Class 1,Grade 5 5) Look at the photo, is my old sister.

6) There is a man over there. is Jack‘s father.

1) Please pass the juice.

2) Tom and Jack are good at English. The English teacher likes very much..

3) Ben is ill. We can go to see in the afternoon. 4) Hi, Lily, Nice to see again.

This is father. is a good cook.. We help every day. He loves , and love . II. Fill in the blank with proper pronoun.

Let‘s meet twins. _______ names are Liz and Lilly.

---Is this your schoolbag?---No, it isn‘t. ________ schoolbag is brown.

---Hello, which class are you in?--I am in class 2.

How about you?--Me too. Let‘s go to _______classroom.

Look at that dog. ________ tail is broken.---What‘s _______ name?---My name is Sue.

冠词Articles

Questions and Answers /The Indefinite Article A or An(冠词与不定冠词,提问与回答,)

语法及其规则:

冠词定义:冠词是英语所特有的,是一种虚词,本身不能单独使用,只能用在名词前,帮助说明名词的含义。

分类:冠词分为定冠词(the)和不定冠词(a, an)两种形式。

不定冠词(a, an)只用在单数可数名词前,表示―一‖的意义,但不强调数目观念,只表示名词为不特定

者。

‖An‖ 用于以元音音素开头的词前,eg.

an egg/office/envelope/airplane/umbrella/earring/orange/eye/arm/elephant/ear/

an hour , an old man ,

―A‖ 用于以辅音音素开头的词前eg. a book. a dog

定冠词则表示名词为特定者,表示‖ 这,那,这些,那些‖的意思

冠词的种类

在大家讲故事的过程中,常常会用到a , the 这两个单词,它们在剧中可能没有很具体的意思,但却是一定不能少的。我们称这两个单词为冠词。那么,冠词又分为哪几类呢?让我们来看下面的介绍吧!

在英语中的冠词有两个,一个是定冠词,另一个是不定冠词the,不定冠词则有a和an两种形式它们本身不能独立使用,只能附着在一个名词上帮助说明这个名词的含义。

不定冠词a或an的基本用法

不定冠词a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前面,an用在以元音音素开头的单词前面

如:a book an old book a teacher an hour

不定冠词与第一次提到的或泛指单数可数名词连用。

如:There is a book on my desk. My father is an actor.

定冠词的基本用法:

定冠词在以辅音音素开头的单词前面发【】,在元音音素开头的单词前面发【】

用在表示独一无二的事物的名词前,如:the sky the earth the moon

用在表示某个特定的人或事物的名词前,如:Who is the man under the tree?

Give me the pen on the left.

用在由于第二次提到而变为特定的东西的名词前

如:You can see an old man in this picture. The old man is smoking.

the + 形容词表示一类人或东西,如:the poor the old

此外,序数词,形容词最高级,乐器的名称等词前面和一些惯用词组中一般都用定冠词

the: the first 第一the best student 最好的学生the piano 钢琴

4.3零冠词

在某些情况下,名词的前面可以不用任何冠词,我们把它叫做零冠词。

(1) 当用复数可数名词或不可数名词来表示一般意义,而不是特指具体的人或事物时。

如:Cats are lovely. Orange juice is orange.

(2) 当名词前面已经有了起作用的定语作用的限定词(如:my,your,some,any,this,that,等)时。

如:I can't find my socks. I think this key is Tom's.

在表示三餐的名词前面。如:The Greens are having breakfast.My parents don't have lunch at home. We have supper at six every day.

在表示称呼的名词前面。如:Mr. Wang is a friendly man.We all like our English teacher Miss King.

在表示体育运动的名词前面如:play football play volleyball play basketball

在表示节日,星期,月份,季节的名词前面。如:Beijing is very hot this summer. Today is Tuesday. December is the last month of a year.

在某些习惯用法中出现如:at school at home on duty go to school go to class go to bed Grammar Test (1)

一,选择适当的不定冠词进行填空:

______orange _____umbrella _____egg _____hour _____computer ______dress _____dog ______toy ______apple ______university______ arm ______eye ______ inch ______ office ______elephant______chair ______skirt ______coat ______earring ______socks

二,填定冠词

play _______piano play _____volleyball _____sun in _____spring on ______Saturday ______Browns ______second ______Ben _____tallest girl at_______home

形容词Adjectives

Adjective 形容词

1 warm-up Are you tall? Are you short? Are you big? Are you small?...look at the mirror. Can you describe yourself?

Now draw yourself on the paper. Is it funny?

好了刚才我们用于描述自己的词,如:big, small, beautiful, straight, long, short 等都叫做形容词。大家经常会用到形容词,有时候甚至会用上两个以上的形容词去描述某件事物。那么如何能更好更正确的运用形容词呢?就让我们来看下面的介绍吧

一.形容词概述

1.形容词是用来描述、修饰名词(或代词)的一类词,它表现的是人或事物的性质和特征。

形容词在句子里,可以充当定语、表语等成分。如:

That tall man is my English teacher.(定语) You are very kind.(表语)

2.形容词的位置:形容词一般放在它修饰的名词或代词前面。如:

The blue watch is MrHu‘s.

二.形容词的排序

在英语中,为了使句子生动,我们有时会用两个或两个以上的形容词修饰的一个名词或代词。这时就要注意形容词该如何排序。在这个问题上,我们要遵照以下几个原则。

首先,和被修饰的词关系更密切的形容词的位置更接近被修饰的词。如:

I have a big brown bag. That lovely Chinese cat is Lucy‘s.

其次,假如我们把两个以上的形容词连起来用,形容词的顺序该怎样排?

现在,把主要形容词、限定词及其他修饰词的排列顺序列表介绍如下:

限定词(冠词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词等)

数词

描绘形容词

表示特征的形容词(在大小、形状、新旧、长幼等)

表示颜色的形容词

表示国籍的专有形容词

+名词

如:Mini is a lovely Chinese cat.

不定冠词+描绘形容词+专有形容词+名词

My grandfather has a nice old English watch.

不定冠词+描绘形容词+表示特征的形容词(新旧)+专有形容词+名词

There are seven beautiful old Chinese houses in the forest.

数词+ 描绘形容词+专有形容词+ 名词

而假如形容词修饰的是由some, any, every, no等组在德复合不定代词,像everything, something, nothing, anything 等等,形容词要放在这些不定代词的后面。

如:There is something wrong with my watch. 不定代词+ 形容词

三.形容词的同义词以及反义词辨析

一些常见的反义词:

big-_________ empty-________ new-______ long-_________

tall-_________ hot-_________ warm-________ fast-_________

heavy-________ young-_________ same-_________ right-_________

high-________ clean-__________ black-_________ true-_________

strong-_________ full-_________ clever-___________

these-__________ thick-__________ left-_______ little-___________

late-_________ happy-________ quiet-__________ dark-___________

四.形容词比较级和最高级

形容词有三个比较等级:原级,比较级和最高级

表示“等于”时用原级。

e.g. She is as tall as I.她和我一样高。

表示两者比较时用比较级。

e.g. She is taller than I.她比我高。

表示三者以上的比较,意味“最…”时,用最高级。

e.g. She is the tallest in our class.她在我们班上最高。

形容词的比较等级的构成

⑵以e结尾的单音节词,比较级:词尾+r 最高级:词尾+er

⑶以辅音字母+y结尾的词,比较级:去y变i加er 最高级:去y变i加est

⑷以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的词

⑸两个或两个以上音节的词,比较级:词前+more 最高级:词前+most

⑹有些形容词比较等级的变化是不规则的,需要单独记忆

实战演练:

Ⅰ.选择填空

1.The sky is ______. The c1oud is _______.

A.blue;red B.red;brown C.blue;white D. white; blue 2.The child is ______ kind.

A.much B.very much C.very D. much very 3.I like Tianjin because it is my hometown and it’s also one of____in China.

A. the cities

B.the big cities

C. the biggest

D. the biggest cities

4. I am 150cm, Tom is 152cm. So Tom is______ than me.

A. taller

B. younger

C. shorter

D. lower

5. That box is_____ than this one.

A. more heavier

B. heavyer

C. much heavier

D. very heavy

Ⅱ.用所给的形容词的恰当形式填空:

1.Today is ___(hot)than yesterday. It's___(hot)day of the year.

2.The Changjiang River is ____(long)river in China.

3.The moon is ______(small)of the three.

4.My flat is _____(good)than yours.

5.Tim is ____(old)than Peter. He is _____(old)in our class

Ⅲ.写出下列词的比较级。

big good long tall old

short thin heavy young fat

light strong high far low

early late well fast slow

介词Prepositions

Prepositions and Adverbs介词和副词

一.定义:介词是英语中十分活跃的词汇。介词与其后面的名词,代词或相当于名词的其他词类,短语等组成介词短语,用于表示地点,时间,方式方法,原因,伴随情况,目的等。

B at 在……地方,在……旁 e.g.:at the door

C on 在……上 e.g.:on the desk

D by/ beside 在……旁 e.g.:by the window

E under在……下面 e.g.:under the bed

F over/ above 在……上方 e.g.:over/above the bookshelf

G near 在……附近 e.g.:near the sofa

H between 在……(两者)之间 e.g.:between the two chairs

I outside 在…… 外面 e.g.:outside the curtain

J inside 在……里 e.g.:inside the blanket

K behind在……后面 e.g.:behind the door

常见的介词词组:

1) at home 在家6)in front of 在前面

2)at school 上学7)on the left 在左边

3)in English 用英语8)on the right 在右边

4)on duty 值日9)on the top 在顶上

5)in the middle of 在中间10)on time 准时

英语小知识:

英语和汉语在―上(up)‖和―下(down)‖的表达上有许多巧合之处,如sit down(坐下)北上是up to the north,南下是down to the south。照英国人的习惯,往北开的火车叫上行车(up train),往南下的车叫下行车(down train),到北方是go up north,到南方是go down south,河下游是down the river,河上游是up the river,上城是up to town,下乡却只说to the country。

下面再介绍几个与方向有关的口令:Right turn!向右转!Right about!向后转!Right dress!向右看齐!Right wheel!向右转走!卧倒!

Ⅰ.根据提示完整下列词组

1. 一张世界地图a map______the world

2. 在家_______ home

3. 成双,成对_______ pairs

4. 最后,终于______the end

5. 在星期天上午______Sunday morning

6. 从…到from..._________

Ⅱ.请填入适当的介词

1. Can you come to tea____us_____Sunday?

2. What’s the weather _____today?

3. Tom, can you swim_____ the river?

4.The workers work in the factory ______ Monday______Friday.

5.Many people are waiting______the bus______the bus stop.

6.---How did they come here? --- _____ air.

Ⅲ.选择填空

1. Tom was born____April 1st, and I was born____April, too.

A. in; in

B. in; on

C. on; in

D. on; on

2. Do you want to be a famous doctor____animals?

A. at

B. for

C. about

D. like

3. My uncle came here____the evening of October 7th.

A. on

B. in

C. at

D. for

4. Could you please take a photo____me?

A. at

B.to

C. by

D.for

5. Thanks_____ the great photo _____ your family.

A. for, for

B. of, of

C. for, of

D. of, for

6. —Is Tom______? —No, he isn’t______ home.

A. at; in

B. in; at

C. at; at

D. in; in

7. I met an old friend of mine on my way____home, and she was on her way____the shopping center. A. to; to B. /; to C. at; in D. to; at

8. She is better than me____swimming.

A. in

B. for

C. on

D. at

9. Who’s the woman_____blue?

A. in

B. on

C. by

D. with

10. We usually stay____home____Saturday afternoon.

A. at; in

B. at; on

C. in; at

D. in; on

11. It’s hot____summer in Wuhang.

A. on

B. with

C. in

D. at

12. What’s wrong ______ you?

A. about

B. with

C. for

D. of

13. My birthday is______ the 2nd of June. Nancy’s birthday is _____ June, too.

A. on; on

B. in; on

C. on; in

D. in; in

14. Peter! Don’t read______ bed. It’s bad _____ your eyes.

A. in the; for

B. in; for

C. on; with

D. on the; with

15.Shall we meet at the school gate _____ 8:00_____ Sunday morning?

A. at; in

B. in; of

C. at; on

D. to; of

16.Turn_____ the TV. I want to see the old film.

A. on

B. off

C. to

D. in

17. I go to bed_____ ten _____ Saturday evenings.

A. at; in

B. at; on

C. on; in

D. in; on

18. Lily does well in maths, and I am good ______ English.

A. in

B. about

C. on

D. at

19. A fish can't live _______water.

A. with

B. at

C. in

D. without

20. There is a table _______the corner of the room.

A. in

B. to

C. at

D. on

21. Christmas Day is _______December 25.

A. at

B. on

C. in

D. by

22. There is a bookstore (书店) _______the other side of the street.

A. in

B. on

C. for

D. at

23. Hurry up, or we'll be late _______class.

A. at

B. of

C. to

D. for

24. The little girl saw a beautiful bird ________the tree.

A. on

B. in

C. into

D. at

25. It is very kind ____ you to give me the present.

A. of

B. for

C. from

D. with

26. Where is he?---- He is____ the bus stop.

A.in

B.at

C. on

D. with

27. My kite is____the tree. I cant get it down.

A.to

B.in

C. on

D. unde

28. I can’t see____bananas____oranges on the table.

A. some; and

B. any; or

C. any; and

D. some; with

29. He was watching TV ____ that time.

A. in

B. at

C. on

D. for

30. What do you usually eat____supper?

A.on

B. in

C. for

D. with

31. Lily sits____ me.

A. behind

B. under

C. about

D. by

32. I go to school____ bike.

A. in

B. on

C. with

D. by

33. Can you play____ me?

A. in

B. on

C. with

D. for

34. She can sing this song____English.

A. in

B.with

C. by

D. for

35. The story is____ a beauty and a beast.

A. around

B. about

C. for

D. with

副词Adverbs

一.定义:副词(ad-verb)的本意是补充动词的意义。

这就是许多副词的作用。它们通过修饰动词告诉我们有关句中某个行动的情况。也就是告诉我们某事时如何,何时,何地等发生或进行的。

二.副词的种类有很多,这里主要给大家介绍一下几种:

时间副词:when, then, soon, now, yet, today, yesterday, tomorrow, early, late

频度副词:how, often, again, once, twice, always, sometimes, never

方式副词:how, well, together, fast, careful, careful, happily

地点副词:where,, here, there,, up, down, about, over, over there

程度副词:very much, very well, a little, not at all

疑问词:How far?How long? How many(much)? How old? How often? What color?

动词Verbs

一.定义:动词是表示动作或者状态的词。dance understand like be(am is are) play jump go come study等。二.动词分类:动词根据词的意义和在句子里的作用,可以分为实义动词(也叫行为动词)、助动词、联系动词和情态动词4类。

一.实义动词

实义动词有具体的意义,表示某个动作或状态,在句子里可以单独做谓语。实义动词是动词中数量最多的一类。

i like my mother. She has a new bicycle. John likes English very much. He gets up very early. she, it, Lily, John, my mother 等),动词应变换成单数形式,一般在词尾家-s,如:get-gets, like-likes, play-plays等。

在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数(如:he, she, it, Lily, John, my mother 等),动词应变换成单数形式,一般在词尾家-s,如:get-gets, like-likes, play-plays等。实义动词又可分为及物动词和不及物动词两类。及物动词在句子中做谓语时后面可直接接宾语,而不及物动词则不可。

常用的实义动词:

(1)及物动词

ask,see,have,put,spell,think,thank,excuse,meet,sit,find,let,colour,give,carry,help,take,worry,get,catch, mend,drink,eat,throw,ride,make,fly,open,hear,close,want

(2)不及物动词look,come,go,play,guess,swim,jump,sing,run,hurry,fly,cry,listen

(3)常用动词词组归纳

come in进来get up起床go to bed上床睡觉

put on发上去go to school上学sit down坐下

go to去某地come here过来stand up 起立

have a look 看一看look at 看go back to回到某地

listen to听point to指turn round 转个圈

pick up捡起knock on(at)敲wake up叫醒

go away离开go home回家hold up 举着

make friends交朋友go out出去do one's homework做作业

have dinner进餐put up举起go on 继续

play games 做游戏go over复习go ahead往前

watch TV看电视be good at擅长take off取下

write down 写下try again再试一次put into 放进去

pay attention to注意read after跟读think for a while想一想

fall in掉进去be quiet安静call the rolls点名

keep tidy保持整洁wait for等待look after照顾

ture on (off)打开/关上look forward to渴望say goodbye to 靠别

hear from收到来信arrive at到达be care小心

2.助动词(1)助动词do

do或does+实义动词原形,构成一般现在时的肯定、否定句。具体的说,在一般现在时中,助动词do 共有3种形式。

如:i don't like Japanese He doesn't come here. Do you speak English?

(2)助动词bebe+实义动词的现在分词,构成现在进行时。be动词作为助动词,在现在进行时,be动词作为助动词,在现在进行时中,有以下变化形式:

如:They'are sweeping the floor. I am readig the English book. She is playing the violin 3,连系动词(简称系动词)

系动词本身有一定的意义,但不能独立作谓语。应为它的意义不完整,必须和标语共同构成谓语。小学里用到的系动词有be(is, am, are),look(显得)等。be动词后面的表语可以是名词,形容词,而look 后面接的一般使形容词。

I am his mother. You are very clever. Those are Lucy's skirts. Your grandfather liiks young. 4.情态动词

情态动词用来表示说话人或句子的主语所指的人对某个动作或状态的看法,如愿望,要求,能力,可能等。情态动词本身有一定的词义,但它必须和实义动词原形一起构成句子的谓语。情态动词本身没有人称、数的变化,但有时态的变化。情态动词后面跟的是动词原形,这种用法很容易掌握。小学里学到的情态动词有can, could, may.must.would,should等

它们分别有不同的意义和用法,下面我们一一介绍。

(1)can:can的用法是情态动词中最丰富的。

一是用来表示能力,就是―会,能‖。如:Can you see Lily this afternoon?

二是表示可能性,就是―可能,会‖。如:Can you speak English?

三是表示提议或请求。如:Can you look after my clothes,please?

四是表示请求允许和允许,就是―可以‖。如:Can you go the cinema tomorrow?

(2)must:must的意思是―应该,必须‖,它的否定回答要注意。

must用于第一人称时,表示说话的人认为有必要(做某件事)。如:We must go to school now.

Must i go to the heasmaster's office right now?Yes,you must. No,you mustn't(needn't)

用于第二、第三人称时,表示说话人的指示、命令或要求别人不去做某件事。如―You mustn't(needn't)play at a bus stop.

(3)may:may表示请求允许或允许,就是‖可以―的意思。如:May i come in?

还可以表示―可能,也许‖和请求,建议。如:He may come today? May i help you?

(4)could: 在小学的内容里,could用来表示礼貌的请求。如:Could you get some flowers for me?

(5)would(should):在小穴里我们学到would和should的一种用法,就是和like连用(缩写为d'like)表示个人的愿望,使语气委婉。后面可以接名词。也可以跟to+动词原形。如:I'd like to be your friend. I'd like to have cakes.

There be and The ImperativeThere be 和祈使句There be句型

一.定义:―There be‖是表示―存在‖的一种基本方式, 其句型结构通常为::There be + sb./sth. + somewhere/doing sth somewhere

二,用法:―There be‖后面可以跟名词或动名词

在―There be +主语+状语"的句型中, 作主语的名词常是泛指而不是特指, 故一般不用this, that, these, those 等词修饰, 修饰主语的一般应该是不定冠词、零冠词、基数词或a, an, some, any, no, several, many, much, a few, a little, a lot of,等词汇。请看下面例句: There is a shop at the corner. 在拐角处有家商店。

There are two books on the desk. 课桌上有两本书。

There are many sheep bleating in the field. 田里有许多绵羊在叫。

三,注意事项:使用―There be‖句型时要注意主谓一致

在There be引导的句子中, 谓语动词be的人称和数应该和它后面的主语(名词)保持一致, 当有两个或两个以上的名词作并列主语时, be的形式则和第一个名词保持一致(就近原则)。如:

There is a small river near the village. 村子附近有条小河。

There are two thousand students in our school. 我们学校有2000名学生。

There is a pen and two books on the desk. 课桌上有一枝钢笔。

四,构成及句型转换:There be 句型的转换

1. 否定句: there be的否定式通常在be后加not构成(在口语中be时常与not缩写在一起)。如果句中有some,一般要变成any。如: Ther e are some children in the picture. →There aren't any children in the picture.

2. 一般疑问句及其答语:把be提到there前,首字母大写,句末用问号即可。其肯定答语是Yes, there is / are;否定答语为No, there isn't / aren't。如: -Are there two cats in the tree? -Yes, there are. (No, there aren't.)

3. 特殊疑问句及其回答:①提问句子的主语(包括主语前的修饰语)时,句型一律用"what is + 地点介词短语?"(无论主语是单数还是复数都用is)。如: There are some birds in the tree. →What's in the tree?

②就there be后面的地点状语进行提问时,句型用"where is / are + 主语?"如: There is a car in the street. →Where is the car?

③提问可数名词(主语)前的数量时,用how many,句型结构为"how many + 复数名词+ are there + 其它?"(主语无论是单数还是复数,be通常要用are)。如: There is a cat under the bed. →How many cats are there under the bed?

五.There be句型与have的区别:

二者都表示汉语中的―有‖。但是在用法上有区别: There be 句型表示―某处(某时)有某物‖; 而have则表示―某人或某物拥有某物‖, 强调主语和宾语的所属关系。如: There are quite a few pine trees on the campus.

校园里有许多松树。Each super girl has her merits and faults. 每个超级女生都有他的优点和缺点。We have ten copies, but we shall need more. 我们有10册,但是我们还需要更多。

The Imperative 祈使句

一.定义:祈使句是用来表示请求,建议,命令,叮嘱的句子。主语是you , 通常省略。以动词原型开头。

例:Stand up ! Come with me, please!

二.用法:有些祈使动词后需要用and 连接另一个祈使动词,而不用带to的不定式结构。

例:Come and see it . (不用come to see it .) Wait and see. (不用wait to see. )

祈使句变否定式是在祈使句的开头加―Don‘t‖ 例:Don‘t talk to me like that.Don‘t swim in the river. 祈使句的句前后句末常常加上please, 以使语气更加缓和,客气。Please come this way . Open the window, please.

Present Continuous Tense: Affirmative, Negative , Questions ,(现在进行时肯定句,否定句,疑问句)

现在进行时:现在进行时一般用来表示现在(说话的瞬间) 正在发生或进行的动作,或者用来表示现阶段

(1)肯定式:.(be +doing) I am doing my homework. He/She is drawing cartoon pictures. We/You/They are sleeping now.

(2)否定式:I‘m not studying.(be+not + doing) You aren‘t flying in the sky.

He/She isn‘t flyin g in the sky. We/You/They aren‘t coming this year.

(3)一般疑问句及回答(be 提前。)

Are you drinking water ? Yes, I am./No, I‘m not.Is he/she beating the baby ? Yes, he/she is./No he/she isn‘t.

Are they playing the piano ? Yes, they are./No, they aren‘t.

用法:表示说话时正在进行的动作,常和now,right now,at this moment等时间状语,及动词look,listen 等连用。如:

The baby is sleeping now. 那个小孩正在睡觉。

(注:以下为现在进行时的其他用法,可作为学有余力学生的补充内容)

表示目前一段时间内一直在发生的动作,但是说话时不一定在发生,常和these days ,this week,at present(目前)等时间状语连用,如:We are having a wonderful time this week. 这周我们玩得很开心。

时常与always等副词连用,表示反复或习惯性的动作,带有说话人的感情色彩,如:He is always making mistakes. 他总是犯错误。

*有些动词(如come , go , leave, arrive, begin, start等)的现在进行时可表示将要发生的动作,一般与表示将来的时间状语,如soon连用,表明动作发生的时间,如:The train is arriving soon.火车就要到了。

Don‘t worry .I‘m coming.不要担心,我就来。

*表示现在不断发展变化的事情,如:It's late Autumn.The weather is getting colder and colder .现在是深秋了,天气变得越来越冷。

词形变化

一般动词后直接加-ing,如:look---looking read---reading

以e结尾的动词,去e 加-ing 如:come---coming

重读闭音节,双写末尾辅音字母加-ing, 如:sit---sitting , swim---swimming , run---running

以-i或-ie结尾的动词,变-i或-ie为-y后加-ing,如:lie—lying, die—dying

四. 无进行时态的动词:

A. 表示感觉的感官动词:see, hear, feel, taste , sound, notice, smell, watch, find等

B. 表示存在状态的动词:have, own, seem, be, stay, remain 等

C. 表示人的心理活动,态度情感等的描述性动词:love, like, hat, know, forget, remember, wish, think, want, mind, need, agree.等

练习:

将下列动词变为现在分词(-ing形式):

read—look—write—listen—

run —jump—swim—eat —drink—stand—dance—give—

sing —come—go—sleep—

请用括号中动词的正确形式填空(注意一般现在时和现在进行时区分)

You can't see her now; she __________(have)a bath.

He usually ___________ (drink)coffee but today he ________ _________(drink)tea.

The children ____________(have)a good time at the party very much right now.

A:How _______ you usually ________(go) to work?

B:I usually ________(go)by bus but today I _________(go)by car.

The Greens ____________(watch) TV now.

按要求进行句型转换(每空一词)

They are playing football now.(变为一般疑问句)

______________________________________________________now.

She is counting some stamps.(变为否定句)

She ________counting __________ stamps.

The bird is flying in the blue sky.(对划线部分提问)

________the bird _________________ ?

Billy‘s father is fishing at the seaside.(对划线部分提问)

_______________________________ at the seaside?

We are making a chocolate cake for Lulu.(对划线部分提问)

________________________________________?

下列各题中均有一处错误,请指出并改正。

They kites flying in the park now.

_________________________________________________________________

I can singing in the classroom..

_________________________________________________________________

Look! The children are runing in the playground.

_________________________________________________________________

Those kites is flying in the sky.

_________________________________________________________________

Sue and Sandy are reading some books tomorrow.

_________________________________________________________________

The Simple Future Tense

一般将来时

一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也可以表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。1、结构及适用情况:

1)shall/will+动词原形

will可用于所有人称,但shall 仅表示单纯将来时,用于第一人称I和we,作为will的一种替代形式。

① You and I为主语时通常避免用shall.

例:He will be back soon. 他很快就会回来。

I shall/will be free on Sunday. 星期天我有空。

You and I will work in the same factory. 你和我将在同一工厂工作。

② will,shall可用来预言将来发生的事。如说出我们设想会发生的事,或者请对方预言将要发生什么事。例:It will rain tomorrow.

③ will,shall除可表示单纯的将来时以外,还可以带有意愿的色彩,仍指的是将来。

例:I'll buy you a bicycle for your birthday.(表示允诺)

Will you open the door for me,please?(表示请求)

Shall I get your coat for you?(表示提议)

2)be going to+动词原形

①表示说话人根据现在已有的迹象,判断将要或即将发生某种情况。这类句子的主语

可以是人,也可是物。

例:There is going to be a football match in our school tomorrow afternoon.

I feel terrible. I think I'm going to die.

Look at those black clouds!It's going to rain.

②表示主语现在的意图或现已作出的决定,即打算在最近或将来进行某事。这种意图或

决定往往是事先经过考虑的。

例:He isn't going to see his elder brother tomorrow. 他明天不准备去看他哥哥。

Mary is going to be a teacher when she grows up. 玛丽决定长大了当一名教师。

③只是单纯地预测未来的事,此时可与will互换。

例:I think it is going to/will rain this evening. 我认为今晚要下雨。

注意:be going to和will在含义和用法上略有不同:

be going to往往表示事先经过考虑的打算;

will多表示意愿、决心。两者有时不能互换。例如:

He is studying hard and is going to try for the exams. 他正努力学习,准备参加考试

(不能用will替换)

—Can somebody help me?——谁能帮我一下吗?

—I will. ——我来。(不能用be going to替换)

3)一般将来时的否定式和疑问式

①―be going to+动词原形‖结构的一般疑问句是将be的相应形式前移到句首,其否定句是在be动词的相应形式后加not.如:

They are going to play football this afternoon.(肯定句)

Are they going to play football this afternoon?(一般疑问句)

They are not going to play football this afternoon. (否定句)

②―shall/will+动词原形‖结构的一般疑问句是将shall或will前移到句首,即―Shall/Will+主

语+动词原形+其它?‖。其否定句是在shall或will后加not.如:

Our teacher will come back very soon. (肯定句)

Will our teacher come back very soon?(一般疑问句)

Our teacher won‘t come back very soon. (否定句)

4)一般将来时的特殊用法:

现在进行时表示将来

表示位置转移的动词(如go,come,leave,start,arrive,return,send,move,travel,fly等)和其它几个动作动词(如do,begin,work,spend,play,stay,happen,have,finish,join,eat,die,meet等)常与现在进行时和表示将来的时间状语连用,表示在最近将要发生某事。这些事是事先安排好的。例如:

The Browns are coming to dinner tomorrow. 明天布朗夫妇要来吃晚饭。

What are you doing tomorrow?明天你做什么?

The train is arriving at nine o'clock. 火车将在九点钟到。

在特定的上下文中,这类动词有时也可不带时间状语。例如:

—Come to school in your old clothes tomorrow.—Why?What's happening ?

——明天穿你的旧衣服来上学。——为什么?有什么事?

The Present Indefinite

一般现在时

一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作的时态。

1、适用范围:

1)表示现在的事实或状态。

例:She is a good girl. It‘s hot today. My grandfather lives in Harbin.

2) 表示现在是习惯性的动作。

例:I wash my face at 6:30 in the morning. My father takes me to school every day.

Mr. Smith always shave in the morning.

3) 表示客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。

例:The earth goes round the sun. The sun rises in the east. There are 24 hours in a day.

2、构成:

1)用系动词be(am, is , are), 说明目前的状态或事实。

例:His sister is a nurse. Am I your best friends? Mr. Richards and his wife are not in the house.

2) 用实义动词说明习惯性动作或事实等。

新概念2册 lesson4 知识点全讲解

Lesson 4 An exciting trip 词汇学习 1.区分: (1)exciting adj. 令人兴奋的; The news is exciting.这新闻让人兴奋exciting boy 令人兴奋的男孩. (2)excited adj. 兴奋的-ed: 自己感到/ -ing:令人感到 I am excited. 我很兴奋 (3)excite v. 激动(这类动词的宾语一定是人,让后面的人感到……) The news excited me. 这个消息使我兴奋。 类似用法:interesting adj. 令人感到有趣的;interested adj. 感到有意思的interesting man, The man is interesting. interest v.对……感兴趣The book interests me.那本书让我感到很有趣 2. receive v. 接受, 收到 vt. 接到,收到,得到When did you receive that letter?你什么时候收到那封信的?receive 是“收到”,指的是一个被动的动作,主观上接受与否不清楚。 receive/have a letter from sb. accept 同意接收 This morning I received a bunch of flowers from a boy, but I didn't accept it. 今早我收到一束一个男生送的花,但我没有接受 区分:take则是主动的“拿”、“取” I received a beautiful pen from my uncle. 我送叔叔那拿了一支漂亮的笔。 My brother took it from me yesterday. 我哥哥昨天从我这拿的。 take 也可以作收到take the exam 接受考试;take advice 接受建议 3.firm (1)n. 商行, 公司law firm法律公司 (2)adj 结实的,稳固的 The car is very firm. 区分 firm中小型公司;company n. 正规公司;business商行 4.a great number of +可数名词复数= a great many +可数名词复数

新概念1语法总结

一时态: 一般现在时,现在进行时,一般过去时,现在完成时,一般将来时,过去进行时,过去完成时,过去将来时 1. 一般现在时 表示一般性,经常性的动作或一般性事实。 含有be动词的句子 He is a teacher. The girl is very beautiful. Tim and Jack are students. ★变疑问句将be动词移到句首 Is he a teacher? Is the girl very beautiful? Are Tim and Jack students? ★变否定句在be动词后面加not He is not a teacher. The girl is not very beautiful. Tim and Jack are not students. ★肯定回答及否定回答 Yes, he is. No, he is not. Yes, she is. No, she is not. Yes, they are. No, they are not. 不含有be动词的句子,即含有一般动词的句子第三人称单数及单数名词:

He likes books. She likes him. The dog likes bones. ★变疑问句在句首加does, 动词变为原型 Does he like books? Does she like him? Does the dog like bones? ★变否定句在主语及动词之间加doesn’t, 动词变为原型 He doesn’t like books. She doesn’t like him. The dog doesn’t like bones. ★肯定回答及否定回答: Ye s, he does. No, he doesn’t. Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t Yes, it does. No, it doesn’t. 注意:第三人称单数形式一般在动词后面加S,不要和名词复数混淆,变否定句或疑问句时名词复数没有任何变化。 其他人称及复数名词 I want to have a bath. We have some meat. The students like smart teachers. ★变疑问句在句首加do Do you want to have a bath?

新概念第一册语法对每一课重点都进行总结.

新概念一共144课,其中单课为课文,双课为语法和练习。整本书是以单数课为正课,并附带有插图,而双数课则是针对单数课所讲的内容有针对性地进行练习。 学习目标:(1)达到初中或高中一年级的英语水平(2)掌握英语初级语法(3)应对一般的日常对话(4)掌握800至1200个单词,其中的800个词汇全部是英语日常用语中出现频率最高的词汇。 上册(1—68课) 上册所学单词在600左右,含有名词、形容词、动词及少数介词,其中名词占大多数,会学习到较多的生活用词。 语法点归纳: (1) 1--68课本中出现的时态: Lesson 31—34 现在进行时 Lesson 37--40 第一次出现be going to 的将来时 Lesson 51—56 一般现在时 Lesson 67—76 一般过去式 第几课教学内容教学目标及要求 1-2 1,Excuse me 2,Is this your…? 1, 要求学生灵活运用句型:Is this your…? 2,pardon和excuse me的用法 3,L1、2课的单词及L1的课文要求能背诵。 3-4 3,Sorry,sir. 4,Is this your…? 1, 继续巩固句型:Is this your…? 2,新句型:祈使句 My____, please. 否定句 This is(not)____. 3,L3、4课的单词及L3的课文要求背诵

5-6 5,nice to meet you 6, What make is it? 1, 主语为第三人称单数的主系表结构,She/ He/I t is… 2,了解一些常见国籍的拼读 3,This is …(一般用于将某人介绍给他人的句式) 4,Nice to meet you.(用于初次与朋友、同学见面的 问好) 5,认知一些汽车的品牌 6,国籍、汽车品牌要求会认读,其他单词及课文要求背 诵 7-8 7,Are you a teacher? 8,What’s your job? 1, 重点句型: Are you …?/ Wha t’s your job?/ What nationality are you? I’m…(介绍自己:名字,国籍以及职业等) 2,I am 的缩写(I’m) 3,不定冠词a, an 9-10 9, How are you today? 10, Look at… 1,重点句型: How are you?(朋友或相识的人之间见面时的寒暄话) 2,如何问候他人(How is …?) 3,nice to see you .(见面时的客气话) 4,Look at…(看…)。 5,第三人称代词与be动词的缩写。 6,L9、10的单词及L9的课文要求背诵。(L10的单词 是形容词,且相互之间是反义词) 11-12 11, Is this your shirt? 12, Whose is this/that…? 1, Whose ______ is that/this? 句型的掌握 2,掌握带形容词性物主代词的This is .. 句型。 3,所有格的认知和掌握 4,Here you are的灵活运用。 5,L11、12的单词、L11的课文及my、your、his、her 要求背诵 13-14 13,A new dress 14,What color’s your? 1, 掌握What color’s ________?句型以及回答。 2,掌握一些常见颜色。 3, 学习Here it is.并复习Here you are. 1,And 连接两个动词的用法。 2,单词和课文要求背诵。

新概念英语语法检测1-及答案

J0L12 Grammar Test 1 Class _______ Name _______ Grade ________ 一. 选择填空 1. The stones we carried were used A _ bridge. A. to build B. to build ing C. to be used D. build 2. The engin eer asks A _____ a computer should be in his room. C. on D. for B. what does the word mean D. what did the word mea n 4. I won der __ B ___ he will come here, by train or by pla ne. A. whether B. how C. why D. however 5. Next week the children will _______ B __ by their parents for a holiday in Qin gdao. A. take B. be take C. take to D. have took 8. The telephone has been out of order for weeks, __D_? _ A. does it B .doesn ' t it C. has it D. hasn ' t it 9. How long __C__ the army? A. has he join B. has he served in C. has he bee n in D .ago has A. that B. after 3. I want to know ____ C ___ A. what the word mean C. what the word means 6. Do you know ___ C __ ? A . what will the money be used for C. what the money will be used for B. where the money used to do D. how the money will be used to

新概念英语第二册Lesson67~69语法知识点(最新)

新概念英语第二册Lesson67语法知识点 表示“能力”的情态助动词及其他有关的动词: can/ could, be able to 与 manage to (1)在第43课的语法中,我们学习了表示“能力”的 can/could。用将来时的句子中表示“能力”时通常用 will be able to, 在表示成功地完成过去某个动作时用was able to而不用could: I can't remember where I've seen him. 我想不起来我在什么地方见过他。 I can sing some songs, but I can't play the piano. 我会唱一些歌,但我不会弹钢琴。 He thought he could pass the exam easily, but he failed. 他以为他能轻易地通过考试,结果他没通过。 After Byrd had ordered his men to throw out two heavy food sacks, the plane was then able to rise. 在伯德命令他的助手们扔掉两个沉重的食物袋之后,飞机才可以上升了。 Jane can't swim yet. She'll be able to swim in a few months time. 简不会游泳。再过几个月她就会游泳了。 (2)表示“能力”的另一种方式是用 manage to。在表示成功地完成过去某个动作时,它经常代替 be able to。与 be able to相比,它更强调“虽然困难很大,但仍能……”这种含义。试比较: He finished the job yesterday. 他昨天把工作做完了。(陈述一个事实) He was able to finish the job yesterday. 他昨天把工作做完了。(表示可能) He managed to finish the job yesterday.

中小学新概念英语第一册语法点梳理

新概念英语第一册语法点梳理 新概念一共144课,其中单课为课文,双课为语法和练习。整本书是以单数课为正课,并附带有插图而双数课则是针对单数课所讲的内容有针对性地进行练习,从此出展现出整个新概念一教材区别于其他教材的独特之处。 以下是对新概念一整本教材的理解和剖析,以供各位对整个课本的理解和把握上参考和借鉴。 首先根据课本中出现的时态来分析: 本册书的语法出现层次性和规律性是很强的,首先我们先来整本书中都出了哪些时态,这些时态的具体分布和讲解时我们大家需要注意的递进性。 Lesson 31—34现在进行时 Lesson 37—40第一次出现be going to的将来时 Lesson 51—56一般现在时 Lesson 67—76为一般过去式 Lesson 83—90为现在完成时 Lesson 91—96为一般将来时(will) Lesson 117—118过去进行时 Lesson 119—120过去完成时 除去前面所有时态和句型所占据的76课我们一起来看一下以下的68课,每一课小的语言点,语法点都是在什么地方,应该用什么样的方式来讲解。 在这里告诉学员新概念一的每一个单课的重点都是出现双课的标题和课后的练习题里面。 Lesson1—2

语言点:与陌生人说话或引起别人的注意。Excuse me. Yes? Pardon? Thank you very much.语法点:主系表结构this为主语,名词做表语1的一般疑问句以及它的肯定回答。Is thisyour handbag? Yes, it is. Lesson 5—6 语言点:如何介绍别人。This is Miss Sophie Dupont. Nice to meet you. 语法点:主语为第三人称单数的主系表结构。She is French. He is German. It’s a Volvo.(L6)a/an的使用。 Lesson 7—8 语言点:如何自我介绍和相互认识。 语法点:主语为第二人称的主系表结构。Are you French? What nationality are you? What’s your job?特殊疑问句。Lesson 9—10 语言点:朋友或熟识的人之间如何相互问候。How are you? 语法点:主系表结构形容词做表语。 介词短语表示位置near the window, on the televion, on the wallLesson 29—30 语言点:如何发号命令。 语法点:祈使句(肯定)。 动词与宾语的固定搭配。 Lesson 37—38 语言点:如何表达将要做的事情。 语法点:现在进行时态be going to do结构表达将要发生的事情。 There be句型的一般疑问句形式。 Lesson 41-42

新概念二册语法总结

新概念二册语法总结-标准化文件发布号:(9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII

新概念二册语法总结(新东方) 1. 简单句的结构: 主语+谓语+宾语+状语(地点状语+方式状语+时间状语)时间状语还可以放在句首 2. 一般现在时,现在进行时感叹句:what+名词+主语+谓语, how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语 频度副词:位于主语和谓语之间,常见频度副词及其程度的深浅: always, often, usually, frequently, sometimes, hardly, rarely, seldom, never I always buy CDs on Sundays. 3. 一般过去时直接宾语和间接宾语: 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象,间接宾语是及物动词的动作所涉及的人或事务,也可以说间接宾语表示动作是对谁做的,或者是为谁做的。所以间接宾语要用名词或者宾格代词来担当。 He gives me a book. me间接宾语, a book直接宾语 直接宾语和间接宾语的位置调换时要加一个介词to或for,to表示动作对谁而做, for表示动作为谁而做。 主语+及物动词+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语Give the book to me. Send a letter to him. I bought a coat for my mother. 4. 现在完成时,注意频度及时间副词的位置 receive/take 5. 复习:一般过去时与现在完成时的区别in the way/on the way/in this way/by the way/in a way/get out of my way/Don’t stand in my way./by the way/no way spare/to spare 6. 冠词用法(一)1.不定冠词用于修饰单数可数名词,当一个单词的第一个发音为元音时要用冠词an, 如果是辅音用a即可。 2.不定冠词还可以用来修饰一类事物,有时候也可以省略: A cat is a lovely animal. Cat is a lovely animal. 3.不可数名词加冠词表示一类事物:Apple is a fruit. 4.如果特制某人,某物或上文提过的人或物时要用定冠词the 5. Some表示一些,可以修饰可数名词及不可数名词。 6.在姓名,城市,地名,过名,月份,节日,星期前不加冠词,季节前也一般不加,特指时加。 put on/take off/look for/look after/knock at/knock sth. off/knock off/knock %off/knock over/knock out 7. 过去进行时,时间状语短语:在短语中动词后面的介词或副词叫小品词,有些小品词既可以紧跟在动词后面也可以跟在动词的宾语后面,而有些则只能紧跟着动词使用。 8. 形容词的比较级与最高级单音节词的比较级最高级:直接加-er, -est: small-smaller, smallest 以e结尾的加-r, -st: large-larger, largest 以辅音字母加y结尾的词变y为i加-er, -est: busy-busier, busiest

新概念语法题总结

新概念英语语法总复习分数 I. 单项选择(50) 1. My glasses __b___ on the table a moment ago. a. is b. were c. was d. are 2. There was a football match _a___ the Red Team and the Blue Team. a. between b. with c. against d. at 3. My father __b__ in Beijing ____ July 5th last year. a. is; on b. was; on c. is; in d. was in 4. –What __b___ is it today? ---It’s Wednesday. a. date b. day c. time d. weather 5. Tom is ill, so he is absent __b___ school today. a. in b. from c. with d. in 6. Mrs. Brown came to China __d___ 1996. a. from b. of c. on d. in 7. --- __c___ did you buy the new bag?--- Last Monday. a. Where b. How c. When d. Who 8. I like fish, __d___ my brother doesn’t like it. a. so b. or c. for d. but 9. My family are going to spend __c__ a week in ____ country. a. /; / b. for; the c. /; the d. / ;a 10. --- What are the girls doing? -- They’re __a___ the music. a. listening to b. talking with c. coming from d. looking for 11. I _c__ the children in the garden just now. a. see b. saw c. have seen d. had seen 12. How many novels __d__ since last year? a. do you read b. did you read c. have you read d. had you read 13. Mrs. Sawyer lives in London. She _a___ since 1990s. a. has come there b. has came there c. has been there d. has gone there 14. Have you __a__ read the story about George Washington? a. ever b. never c. even d. once

新概念第一册语法总结

1

1

1

1

★变疑问句将be动词移到句首 Is there a book in this room? Are there two pens on the table? ★变否定句在动词后面加not There is not a book in this room. There are not two pens on the table. ★肯定回答及否定回答 Yes, there is. No, there is not. Yes, there are. No, there are not. 三、问句: 一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,选择疑问句,反意疑问句,选择疑问句,否定疑问句一般疑问句: 助动词/be动词+主语Are you a teacher? Do you want to have a cup of tea? 特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 What is your name? 选择疑问句: or Do you want beef or lamb? 反意疑问句: 肯定陈述句+否定疑问部分, 否定陈述部分+肯定疑问部分 You don’t need that pen, do you? 否定疑问句: 一般疑问句+否定词Aren’t you lucky? Don’t you want have a rest? 二.冠词用法:a/an/the的一般用法详细见笔记 三.限定词:some, any, many, much some, any 修饰可数名词或不可数名词,some用于肯定句,any用于否定句和疑问句,注意,当期待对方的答案为肯定回答时用some many修饰可数名词,much修饰不可数名词,在口语中表示很多一般不用many, much, 而用a lot of, 在否定句中表示很多用many, much. I have a lot of money. I don’t have much money. 四.名词: 种类,复数,名词所有格 1.名词分为可数名词和不可数名词 不可数名词 无法分开的东西:water, tea, bread, milk, rice 抽象的东西:love, beauty, coldness(寒冷)不可数名词有以下特点: 不能用a, an修饰 不能加s 和单数be动词或动词搭配 可数名词: 单数可数名词要用冠词修饰,复数可数名词要在名词后面加s,名词复数共有以下几种变化: 规则变化的名词复数形式 规则1 一般情况+s e.g. shell→shells book→books 规则2 以s, x, ch, sh结尾+es e.g. fox→foxes church→churches, bus→buses, watch→watches 规则3 以o结尾+s或+es e.g. potato→potatoes, Negro→ Negroes, hero→heroes, tomato→ tomatoes,(口诀:黑人英雄爱吃土 豆和西红柿),剩下一般加s, radio →radios 规则4 以f, fe结尾的,变f, fe为ves e.g. life→lives half→halves, shelf →shelves, city→cities, wife→wives 1

新概念英语第一册所有语法点汇总)

新概念英语第一册所有语法点汇总 Lesson 1 人称代词含有be动词的陈述句、否定句和一般疑问句 Lesson 3 祈使句简单的倒装句 Lesson 5 冠词 Lesson 6 选择疑问句 Lesson 7 特殊疑问句一般疑问句 Lesson 9 How …?的一些社交上的用法形容词的意义与作用 Lesson 11所有格形容词和所有格代词名词所有格 Lesson 15 名词可数名词单数变复数的规则 Lesson 16 名词复数-s或-es的发音规则 Lesson 19 There be 句型常见方位介词:in、on、over、under Lesson 21 动词的双宾语 Lesson 23 定语 Lesson 27 some, any 一些 Lesson 29 情态动词情态动词must的用法 Lesson 31 时态:共十六种时态,时态是通过动词变化来实现的。现在进行时 Lesson 34 动词+ing的规则 Lesson 35 短语动词 Lesson 37 be going to 句型宾语补足语 Lesson 39 祈使句 do的用法

Lesson 40 词组:动词+介词 Lesson 43 情态动词can的用法 Lesson 47 一般现在时 Lesson 48 序数词 Lesson 49 动词加 s(es) 规则动词不定式 some、any用法Lesson 51 What…(be,look…) like? 频率副词 Lesson 57 一般现在时与现在进行时 Lesson 59 have/has的用法 Lesson 61 主语+系动词+表语 Lesson 63 each和every的区别 Lesson 64 禁令Don’t and Mustn’t Lesson 65 日期的表达反身代词 Lesson 67 一般过去时动词的过去式变化否定疑问句Lesson 69 用介词at,on和in的时间短语 Lesson 74 副词的用法副词的构成 Lesson 75 宾语从句 Lesson 79 Must与Need Lesson 83 现在完成时 Lesson 85 现在完成时的特殊结构 Lesson 89 for与since Lesson 91 一般将来时

新概念二册语法重点

课文语法要点 Lesson1 简单陈述句的语序 Lesson2 一般现在时和现在进行时 Lesson3 现在完成时;一般过去时与一般现在时;直接宾语与间接宾语 Lesson4 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别(1);现在完成时与现在进行时的区别;同位语 Lesson5 带way的一些短语;不定冠词和定冠词;现在完成时与一般过去时的区别(2) Lesson6 短语动词;过去进行时(1);a,the,some的用法 Lesson7 短语动词中的小品词;表示时间的介词;过去进行时(2) Lesson8 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 Lesson9 被动语态;引导时间状语的介词in,on,at,during,till,与until;否定句的两种形式:not any与no Lesson10 现在进行时与过去进行时的被动语态;双重所有格 Lesson11 动词+名次/代词+带to的不定式 Lesson12 一般将来时 Lesson13 将来进行时 Lesson14 过去完成时 Lesson15 直接引语和间接引语 Lesson16 条件句(1) Lesson17 Must,have to,与 have got to的用法 Lesson18 实义动词have的用法 Lesson19 表示许可的can和may Lesson20 介词与动名词 Lesson21 情态动词在被动语态中的应用 Lesson22 一些常见的动词词组 Lesson23 There is 和 it is的用法 Lesson24 无语法重点注重复习 Lesson25 并列句的语序 Lesson26 一般现在时与现在进行时的动词使用 Lesson27 表示过去习惯动作的used to 和一般过去时的特殊用法 Lesson28 现在完成时与since;关系从句及关系代词 Lesson29 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 Lesson30 定冠词the的用法;some与any的区别 Lesson31 过去进行时与一般过去时;use to的用法 Lesson32 比较结构表示法;Little和few的用法 Lesson33 用于表示目的和方向的介词和副词 Lesson34 被动语态用法补充 Lesson35 复习,本课无新的语法点 Lesson36 Will和be going to Lesson37 一般将来完成时;将来完成进行时 Lesson38 过去完成时与从属连词when,before,after,until Lesson39 间接引语中的say,tell,ask;间接一般疑问句;间接疑问词疑问句Lesson40 条件句(2)

新概念一语法总结

新概念一语法总结(上)一.时态: 一般现在时,现在进行时,一般过去时,现在完成时, 一般将来时,过去进行时,过去完成时,过去将来时 1.一般现在时 表示一般性,经常性的动作或一般性事实。 含有be动词的句子 He is a teacher. The girl is very beautiful. Tim and Jack are students. ★变疑问句将be动词移到句首 Is he a teacher? Is the girl very beautiful? Are Tim and Jack students? ★变否定句在be动词后面加not He is not a teacher. The girl is not very beautiful. Tim and Jack are not students. ★肯定回答及否定回答 Yes, he is. No, he is not. Yes, she is. No, she is not. Yes, they are. No, they are not. 不含有动词的句子,即含有一般动词的句子 第三人称单数及单数名词 He likes books. She likes him. The dog likes bones. ★变疑问句在句首加does, 动词变为原型Does he like books? Does she like him? Does the dog like bones? ★变否定句在主语及动词之间加doesn’t, 动词变为原型 He doesn’t like books. She doesn’t like him. The dog doesn’t like bones. ★肯定回答及否定回答: Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t. Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t Yes, it does. No, it doesn’t. 注意:第三人称单数形式一般在动词后面加S,不要和名词复数混淆,变否定句或疑问句时名词复数没有任何变化。 其他人称及复数名词 I want to have a bath. We have some meat. The students like smart teachers. ★变疑问句在句首加do Do you want to have a bath? Do we have any meat? Do the students like smart teachers? ★变否定句在主语和动词之间加don’t. You don’t want to have a bath. We don’t have any meat. The students don’t like smart teachers. ★肯定回答及否定回答 Yes, I do. No, I don’t. Yes, we do. No, we don’t Yes, they do. No, they don’t.

新概念英语第一册语法点梳理

新概念英语第一册语法点梳理
新概念一共 144 课,其中单课为课文,双课为语法和练习。整本书是以单数课为正课,并附带有插图而双数 课则是针对单数课所讲的内容有针对性地进行练习, 从此出展现出整个新概念一教材区别于其他教材的独特之 处。以下是对新概念一整本教材的理解和剖析,以供各位对整个课本的理解和把握上参考和借鉴。 首先根据课本中出现的时态来分析: 本册书的语法出现层次性和规律性是很强的, 首先我们先来整本书中都出了哪些时态, 这些时态的具体分 布和讲解时我们大家需要注意的递进性。 Lesson 31—34 现在进行时 Lesson 51—56 一般现在时 Lesson 83—90 为现在完成时 Lesson 117—118 过去进行时 Lesson 37—40 第一次出现 be going to 的将来时 Lesson 67—76 为一般过去式 Lesson 91—96 为一般将来时 (will) Lesson 119—120 过去完成时
除去前面所有时态和句型所占据的 76 课我们一起来看一下以下的 68 课, 每一课小的语言点, 语法点都 是在什么地方,应该用什么样的方式来讲解。新概念一的每一个单课的重点都是出现双课的标题和课后的练 习题里面。 Lesson1—2 语言点:与陌生人说话或引起别人的注意。Excuse me. Yes? Pardon? Thank you very much. 语法点: 主系表结构 this 为主语, 名词做表语 1 的一般疑问句以及它的肯定回答。 Is this your handbag? Yes, it is. Lesson 5—6 语言点:如何介绍别人。This is Miss Sophie Dupont. Nice to meet you. 语法点:主语为第三人称单数的主系表结构。She is French. He is German. It’s a Volvo.(L6) a/an 的使用。 Lesson 7—8 语言点:如何自我介绍和相互认识。 语法点:主语为第二人称的主系表结构。Are you French? What nationality are you? What’s your job? 特殊疑问句。 Lesson 9—10 语言点:朋友或熟识的人之间如何相互问候。How are you? 语法点:主系表结构形容词做表语。 介词短语表位置 near the window, on the television, on the wall Lesson 29—30 语言点:如何发号命令。 语法点:祈使句(肯定); 动词与宾语的固定搭配。

《新概念英语语法》第一册知识点总结

《新概念英语语法》第一册: 第一册重点语法知识点都包含: 时态:一般现在时,现在进行时,现在完成时,一般过去时,过去进行时,过去完成时,一般将来时,过去将来时。 词性:动词现在分词、动词的过去式和过去分词。形容词、副词的比较级与最高级。助动词、情态动词、半情态动词的使用。动词不定式。反身代词、不定代词。特殊疑问词。 句式:简单句、并列句、复合句(定语从句、状语从句、宾语从句)。 语态:被动语态。 结构:There be结构。 语序:倒装。

(请记住以下特殊疑问句的特殊疑问词) 1、Why (有关原因) 2、What (有关事物) 3、Which (有关事物) 4、Who (有关人物) 5、Whose (有关人物) 6、Where (有关地点) 7、When (有关时间) 8、How (有关方法或状态) (英语中无论时间、地点还是人或事都遵循着从小到大的规则。也遵循着先出现地点后出现时间的规则。) 第一部份:词法(请记注以下词性概念,具体的用法参考我们所学过的课文) 一、动词:(表示动作或状态等。) 1、记住以下常见系动词

2、记住以下常见助动词 二、冠词(用在名词前帮助说明其词义) 三、名词(表示人或事物的名称) 四、代词(用来代替名词或数词等,包含反身代词) 五、形容词(用来修饰名词或代词) 六、副词(用来修饰动词、形容词、或副词) 七、介词(用在名词、代词等前面,表示与别的词的关系) 八、数词(表示数目或顺序) 九、连词(用来加接词与词或句与句) 十、感叹词(表示说话时的感情或口气) 第二部分:词法规则 一、可数名词的复数规则变化 1、一般情况下未尾加“s”。 2、以x,ss,sh,ch,x结尾的名词加“es”。 3、以ce,se,ze,(d)ge结尾的词加“s”。 4、以辅音字母+y结尾的词,变“y”为“i”在加“es”。 5、以元音字母+y结尾的词,直接加“s”。 6、以f,fe结尾的名词一般变“f”或“fe”为“v”在加“es”。(以f或fe结尾的部分 名词可直接加“s”) 7、以o结尾的名词一般加“s”。(部分以辅音字母+o结尾的加“es”) 二、规则动词的过去式与过去分词变化与动词现在分词的变化 1、一般动词过去式在未尾加“ed”。 2、结尾是e的动词加“d”。 3、未尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加“ed”。 4、结尾是辅音字母+y的动词,先变“y”为“i”在加“ed”。 5、动词的现在分词一般情况下在原形后加“ing”。 6、如果以e结尾的动词则去“e”在加“ing”来构成现在分词。 7、如果动词只有一个元音字母,而后面跟了一个辅音字母时,则需双写辅音字母再加“ing” 来构成动词的现在分词。 三、形容词与副词的比较级、最高级(比较级在未尾加“er”而最高级在未尾加“est”)它 们都遵循着以下规则 1、一般情况下单音节的形容词或副词则在原形未尾加“er”。 2、如果以e结尾的形容词或副词则加“r”。 3、有些以y结尾的双音节词,如果y前面是一个辅音字母则变“y”为“i”在加“er”。

新概念第二册语法总结

1. 被动语态(二) will/must/can/would/could/have to be done have/has been done must have been done drive 用法 home/house 2. 介词用法:见书 3. 复习 there be句型 it做为虚主语可以用来表示时间,天气,温度,距离,人或指代一个句子或不定式。 4. Summary of Unit two 5. 并列句 我们可以将几个简单句连在一起,组成并列句,常用以下连词: and, but, so, yet, or, both…and, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but …as well, not only…but also 主谓一致: 当主语由and , both…and 连接时,通常用复数谓语. Both the girls and the boy are his friends. 当主语由neither… nor, either…or, not only…but also或or 连接时,谓语动词与nor, or, but also后面的一致,在英语语法中,这被称为就

近一致. Neither he nor I am going to the airport. Not only Mary but also her parents have gone abroad. 6. 一般现在时的复习,状态动词,标点符号的使用. 以下一些动词很少用与进行时态: appear(看起来), appreciate(鉴赏), believe(相信), feel(感觉到), forget(忘记), hear(听见), know(知道), like(喜欢), look like(看起来像), notice(注意到), remember(记得), resemble(形似), see(看到), think(认为), understand(理解), have(拥有),love(爱), seem(看起来), show(显示), mind(介意), sound(听起来), hate(讨厌), detest(憎恨), desire(意欲), 引号: 引号位于一行之上,应该在句尾其他标点符号, 如逗号,句号,问好之外. 引语的第一个词以大写字母开头. 在said, asked, 等词后面用逗号,只有当它们位于句尾时才在它们后面用句号. 当said, asked等词置于引语之间时,句子的后半部分以小写开头. 当一个新的说话人开始讲话时, 要另起一个段落. 7. 复习一般过去时/不规则过去式和过去分词 常用不规则动词过去式和过去分词在英语里约有300多个 put up(搭建), put out(扑灭), put on(穿上), put sb. up(为某人安排住宿), put up with(容忍), put down(抄写), put off(推迟), put away(放好,放到一边去)

新概念2A语法总结练习(一)

新概念2A语法总结练习(一):现在进行时 一.意义:现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 二.结构: 现在进行时的肯定句基本结构:be+动词ing. 现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。 现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。 现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:疑问句+be+主语+动词ing? 三.动词加ing(动词现在分词)的变化规则: 1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking 2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making,taste-tasting 3.重读闭音节(如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母),双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running,stop-stopping 现在进行时练习 一.写出下列动词的现在分词形式: work sing play study have dance write take run sit shop swim 二.按要求改写句子: 1.The boy is playing basketball. 否定句: 一般疑问句: 肯定回答: 对is playing basketball 提问: 对The boy提问: 2.They are singing in the classroom. 否定句: 一般疑问句: 肯定回答: 对are singing提问: 对in the classroom提问: 三.用现在进行时完成下列句子 1.What you (do)? 2.I (sing)an English song。 3.What he (mend)? 4.He (mend)a car。 5. you (fly)a kite?Yes,。 6. she (sit)in the boat? 7. you (ask)questions? 8.We (play)games now。 9.What are you (do)now?I (eat)bread。 10.It’s nine o’clock。My father (work)in the office。 11.Look,the boy (put)the rubbish into the bin。 12. he (clean)the classroom? No,he isn’t. He (play)。

相关文档
相关文档 最新文档