河北衡水中学2019届全国高三第一次(摸底)联考英语试题

河北衡水中学2019届全国高三第一次摸底联考

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

1. What will the man do? A. Study with his brother. B. Take a math exam. C. Turn down the music.

2. How many new words should the woman learn a week? A. 10. B. 20. C. 30.

3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Father and son.

B. Teacher and student.

C. Colleagues.

4. What does Mary like to do?

A. Hide something.

B. Speak out whatever she hopes to.

C. Say what others want her to.

5. What day is it today? A. Monday. B. Friday. C. Saturday.

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What does the woman decide to do?

A. Stay at home and study hard all day.

B. Study first and then go to the beach.

C. Go to the beach now and study later.

7. What did the woman do? A. Studied for a test. B. Put the test off. C. Delayed her study.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8. Why does the woman ask the man for help?

A. She was absent from school.

B. She doesn’t study hard at school.

C. She doesn’t believe what Sarah said.

9. Why does the man refuse to lend his notes to Jessica?

A. He wants to review them himself.

B. He thinks she should read her own.

C. He doesn’t want to share with others.

10. What does the man suggest the woman do?

A. Borrow Sarah’s notes.

B. Go over her lessons herself.

C. Invite him to lunch.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11. How are Sunday hours affected by the new schedule?

A. The gym closes later than before.

B. The gym closes earlier than before.

C. The Sunday hours have not changed.

12. When does the gym open on weekends now? A. At 6：00 a.m. B. At 8：00 a.m. C. At 10：00 a.m.

13. When does the gym stay open the latest?

A. On Sunday night.

B. On Thursday night.

C. On Saturday night.

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。

14. What does the man think of the rain?

A. It will not be a big problem.

B. It will make them buy raincoats.

C. It will make the hike more interesting.

15. Why is the woman concerned about going on a hike?

A. She is worried they may get wet.

B. She thinks they won’t really enjoy the scenery.

C. She is afraid they may not have time to study.

16. What does the woman decide to do? A. Take more exercise. B. Get some sunshine. C. Make an early start.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. Which forms are regarded as the best exercise?

A. Cycling and swimming.

B. Walking and swimming.

C. Doing gymnastics and cycling.

18. Why are we advised to eat less processed foods?

A. They consist of few fruits and vegetables.

B. They have a great deal of salt and sugar.

C. They may lead to serious health problems.

19. What does the speaker advise us to do at the end of the talk?

A. Have checkups regularly.

B. Treat health problems in advance.

C. Do tests to prevent health problems.

20. What does the speaker mainly talk about?

A. Balanced diets.

B. Forms of exercise.

C. Ways to keep fit.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

A

Old Falls Movies

June 28th—Beauty & the Beast

Disney’s classic takes on a new form, with a widened fairy tale and an all-star cast. A young prince, imprisoned in the form of a beast, can be freed only by true love. What may be his only opportunity arrives when he meets Belle, the only human girl to ever visit the castle since his being turned into a beast.

July 12th—The Emoji(表情)

The Emoji Movie unlocks a secret world inside your smartphone. Hidden within the messaging app is Textopolis, a city where all your favorite emojis live with only one facial expression except Gene who has multiple expressions. Determined to become “normal” like the other emojis, Gene asks Hi-5 and Jailbreak to help through the apps on the phone to find the Code that will fix him.

July 19th—Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle

In a new Jumanji adventure, four kids discover an old video game and are drawn into the game’s jungle setting, becoming the adult avatars (化身). To beat the game and return to the real world alive, they’ll have to find a map and change the way they think about themselves— or they’ll be stuck in the game forever.

August 9th—Peter Rabbit

Peter Rabbit, his three sisters and their cousin Benjamin enjoy troubling Mr. McGregor in his vegetable garden until he dies. When one of Mr. McGregor’s relatives moves in, he finds much more than he bargained for. What follows is a battle of wills between the new Mr. McGregor and the rabbits. However, something happens and his feelings towards them begin to change. (275 words)

21. When can the audience see a film about true love?

A. On July 19th.

B. On June 28th.

C. On August 9th.

D. On July 12th.

22. How is Gene special?

A. He lives in a secret world alone.

B. He can help others through an app.

C. He is the favorite emoji of the world.

D. He has more than one facial expressions.

23. What should adventurers do to win in the game?

A. Dress up as adults.

B. Discover an old video game.

C. Draw a map about the jungle.

D. Think about themselves differently.

B

I go out of my way to say “thank you” to my partner frequently, and he’s the same way. We were both raised by parents who valued politeness, and more than that, I want to do all those little things that psychologists say help couples stay together. Expressing gratitude(感谢)is one of those things, so a quick “thanks” seems like an easy one.

But according to a recent study, we’re not at all typical. The study looked at over 1,000 recordings of casual conversations among families and close friends. In only about one out of 20 times were expressions of thanks observed. Phrases that meant “thanks” but weren’t a direct translation of the word were counted, including physical gestures of thanks.

The researchers looked at a wide variety of people from different places, representing eight languages: Polish, Russian, Italy, English, Murrinh-patha (an Aboriginal language), Cha’ palaa, Lao and Siwu.

The Brits thanked people close to them the most, about 14.5 percent of the time, and close behind them were the Italians at 13.5 percent. The Murrinh-patha came next at 4.0 percent and following them were the Russians, the Polish, the Laotians and the Siwu speakers. The lowest? Well, the Cha’ palaa speakers of Ecuador don’t have a word for “thank you” at all.

As the linguists explained, “Expressing thanks, in some cultures, is more of a linguistic tradition than a true expression of feelings. In cultures where thanks are less often said, it’s because social cooperation is taken for

granted, and ‘thank you’ isn’t really needed or necessary. ”

The idea that you don’t need to thank others because it’s assumed that you’re appreciative is beautiful. But it is a bit hard for me to accept. So I’ll keep saying “thanks” as frequently as I do. But as a frequent traveler, I’ll keep in mind to watch the local custom and follow suit. (315words)

24. What might be psychologists’ opinion about expressing thanks?

A. It can show a person’s values.

B. It is passed down from parents.

C. It is a little and unnecessary thing.

D. It can contribute to close relationship.

25. What is typical among family members according to the study?

A. They say thanks at any time.

B. They seldom express thanks.

C. They often show thanks using gestures.

D. They often use indirect translation of thanks.

26. Who never say “thank you”?

A. The Cha’ palaa.

B. The Polish.

C. The Italians.

D. The Russians.

27. What is mainly talked about in the text?

A. People thank close friends and family less.

B. Family members don’t need to thank each other.

C. Close friends have different ways to express thanks.

D. Different cultures have different ways to express thanks.

C

Like toolmaking, teaching was once thought to be an exclusive(独有的)capacity of the human mind. It is not actually.

“Teaching” requires this: one individual must take time from their own task to demonstrate and instruct with effort and the student must learn a new skill. That’s a tall order.

When a young chimpanzee watches a skilled adult and then imitates (模仿), that’s learning. But the adult has not taken time specifically to instruct, so it is not teaching. In the honeybees’ amazing dance, the dancer takes time to indicate information about a source of food, but observers learn no new skill. They do take time to show, but they do not pass on new skills to learners.

Dolphins teach. Atlantic spotted dolphin mothers sometimes free a caught fish in the presence of their youngsters and let their youngsters chase it, catching it again if it’s getting away. Dolphin youngsters also position themselves alongside mothers who arc scanning sandy bottoms for hidden fish, and the mother spends extra time demonstrating.

Other teachers include: housecats who bring back live prey and lot their young learn to catch it, and meerkats (猫鼬)who first bring to their growing young dead scorpions (蝎子), then disabled ones, to demonstrate how to remove the poisonous part on their tails.

Like toolmaking and teaching, imitation is also considered to reflect high intelligence. In South Africa lived a baby dolphin named Dolly. One day while she was just six months old, Dolly was watching a trainer standing at the window smoking a cigarette, blowing puffs of smoke. Dolly swam to her mother, got a mouthful of milk, then returned to the window and released a cloud of milk that surrounded her head. The trainer was “absolutely astonished”.

Somehow Dolly came up with the idea of using milk to represent smoke. Using one thing to represent something else isn’t just imitation. It is art. (326 words)

28. What does the underlined phrase “a tall order” probably mean in paragraph 2?

A. A clear instruction.

B. A high risk.

C. A difficult requirement.

D. A useful purpose.

29. What do we know about honeybees’ dance?

A. Presenting.

B. Learning.

C. Imitating.

D. Teaching.

30. What can we infer about animals that can teach?

A. Bees show their dance to younger generations.

B. Housecats teach in a way similar to dolphins.

C. Young dolphins must learn how to free a fish.

D. Meerkats have poisonous parts on the tails.

31. Why does the author use Dolly’s example?

A. To prove smoking can affect other animals.

B. To explain dolphins are capable of making art.

C. To show animals can be surprisingly intelligent.

D. To stress milk is to dolphins what smoking is to men.

D

City Transformer, a four-year-old company based outside Tel Aviv, Israel, is ready to shake up the auto industry with their invention.

So what is it that they’ve created? A car that actually folds while you’re driving. It’s a neat trick, sure. Perhaps something you’d see in a superhero movie. But it actually serves a practical purpose. With more people choosing to live in urban environments, space can be tight. Picture yourself pulling up to a tiny parking space that’s only big enough for a motorcycle. No problem. Hit the button, and your car shrinks to fit into the space.

The car, which is available for pre-order now, is a case study in clean design. It contains only 1, 000 parts, compared to the industry standard of about 20, 000 in a regular car. It’s all electric, and doesn’t run on gas, causing no pollution. It’s autonomous-ready, which means that one day it will be able to drive itself.

City Transformer is considering a company of foldable cars positioned all across the globe. People who own membership of the car rental company can rent one of the cars wherever they are. What’s more, when you get into any of the cars, it will instantly recognize you and adjust the seats, temperature and music to your favorite settings.

Asaf Formoza, the company’s founder, believes it’s at the right place, at the right time. “It’s very important for us to be in Israel, because we have more than 400 companies here just for the automotive departments,” he explained. “And we can take some of their proven technologies and adopt them to our car.”

“To bring something like that as a solution for cities when so many people around the world are stuck in traffic jams, this is going to be something that I think can really change the experience of drivers,” said project manager Itamar Meridor. (313 words)

32. What is the advantage of the car?

A. It uses less gas.

B. It is easier to control.

C. It takes up less space.

D. It has a higher speed.

33. What can the car do when a person sits in it?

A. Drive itself.

B. Obey any order.

C. Take his or her temperature.

D. Provide personalized services.

34. Why does Asaf Formoza say the car is at the right place?

A. Israel is a large market for cars.

B. The car company pays no tax in Israel.

C. The road conditions in Israel are nice for cars.

D. The new technologies are available in Israel.

35. How does Itamar Meridor feel about the future of the car?

A. Uncertain.

B. Hopeful.

C. Concerned.

D. Doubtful.

第二节7选5（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

Thousands of college students have part-time jobs and nobody wants to become a slave to graduation debt.

36 If you are one of those people, here are some small business ideas for you to try out.

●Tutoring

Make use of your strong understanding of a specific subject and become a tutor. 37 All you need to do is log in, sign up, and specify the subjects you’re good at, and the employer will match you with students. You can work online with learners from middle school to college level.

●Blogging

If you wouldn’t mind sharing your knowledge or life with other people, then this option is right for you. You can earn some cash by starting a blog. To make your blog a money-making machine, you need to gain much blog traffic. 38 If you succeed in getting a lot of subscribers, you’ll start making cash quickly.

●Residential and Commercial Cleaning Services

Every business aims to satisfy a particular need of their customers. 39 Before moving into a new place, people usually hire a house cleaner to tidy it up. Some people are just too busy to clean their homes or offices themselves. So，they use cleaning services. This is money waiting to be made.

●Graphic Design

40 If you’re a student majoring in art, design or a relative field, you can start a small design business that can provide such service. The quality of your products and design will determine the number of customers that will run after you. If you become successful in gaining a lot of returning customers, you might even make this your full time business after college.

A. Tutoring chances are rare in college.

B. There are websites that offer such services.

C. Let people know about your cleaning service.

D. So, look around and find out what that particular need is.

E. Take the topic you’re passionate about and provide consistent, unique content.

F. Rather than work for others, some students choose to launch their own businesses.

G. Most small businesses want to get professional looking logos without spending too much. (352 words)

第三部分英语知识运用第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）In 2016, 60-year-old Marshall Reeves got onto his bike in California. He 41 the Race Across America, a 3000-mile 42 that runs from coast to coast.

The 43 was to cross the finish line in Maryland in two weeks. It had 44 him twice. But he didn’t give up. For his third 45 , Reeves had a new source of 46 : He was racing with 3000 Miles to a Cure, which raises money for brain cancer research.

The race is one of the most 47 in the world. Only about half the competitors are able to finish it.

48 other long-distance bike races, it is continuous—once the clock starts in California, it doesn’t stop until Maryland. Therefore, racers have to meet the 49 time cutoffs(截止点), otherwise it is impossible for them to 50 it.

Racers are typically 51 by a small crew in cars, whose job is to keep the racers not only physically fit, but also mentally 52 . In the early days of the race, when Reeves had time to stop at a hotel, he would be 53 to a full-body massage(按摩)and a good night’s sleep. But after three days, rest was a luxury(奢侈品)as he needed to 54 for over 20 hours a day to achieve his goal.

After crossing the two points where his previous attempts had 55 , Reeves entered an unknown area. With just 25 miles left, Reeves 56 to stay awake, just catching quick naps. 57 , he successfully crossed the finish line in 12 days, 13 hours and 52 minutes.

This year, Reeves will 58 across America again. But this time it’s a little 59 —as a road director, he returned the 60 for his crew’s hard work.

41. A. sponsored B. canceled C. began D. delayed

42. A. way B. journey C. road D. voyage

43. A. goal B. point C. order D. rule

44. A. defeated B. interrupted C. prevented D. blocked

45. A. idea B. exam C. desire D. attempt

46. A. strength B. motivation C. method D. experiment

47. A. rewarding B. exciting C. challenging D. disappointing

48. A. As to B. Except for C. Unlike D. Beyond

49. A. suitable B. flexible C. spare D. strict

50. A. make B. get C. practice D. enjoy

51. A. controlled B. followed C. directed D. encouraged

52. A. determined B. patient C. delighted D. cautious

53. A. shown B. returned C. treated D. delivered

54. A. run B. walk C. drive D. bike

55. A. paused B. completed C. disturbed D. ended

56. A. preferred B. struggled C. offered D. expected

57. A. Obviously B. Generally C. Eventually D. Hopefully

58. A. set out B. call off C. come on D. give up

59. A. tough B. comfortable C. normal D. different

60. A. honor B. favour C. respect D. praise

第二节语篇填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

Up to 82 percent of children with healthy mothers are not easy to be obese (肥胖的), according to research. A mother, 61 has a healthy weight, exercises regularly, eats a healthy diet, doesn’t smoke and only 62 (drink) wine in moderation, is significantly less likely 63 (have) a fat child, scientists say.

And research suggests it could be more to do with nurture (养育) 64 nature, as a mother s lifestyle appears 65 (direct) linked to the health of her child. When both mother and child follow a healthy lifestyle, the risk of obesity 66 (reduce) even more, the study of more than 24, 000 children found.

The study examined the medical history and lifestyles of more than 24, 000 children aged nine 67 fourteen, born to almost 17, 000 women in the US. Researchers looked at the link between overall mother health and the likelihood of a child 68 (be) obese.

The mother’s health was judged on her height-to-weight ratio (比例), her diet, amount of physical 69 (active), smoking status and how much alcohol she drank. A healthy weight and diet, regular exercise, no smoking and moderate drinking all reduce the chance of a woman having 70 obese child.

第四部分写作（共两节；满分35分）

第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

As we know, experience are of high value in our life. At the first day of my high school, Miss Wang, my English teacher, asked us to introduce us in English. In the beginning, all the students felt shy and dared not to express themselves. Miss Wang was a new teacher so she became embarrassing, not knowing what to do. At that point, I stood up and spoke loudly, what inspired the others a lot. Soon, everyone was in high spirits and we talked confident. Miss Wang praised me highly, say she was proud of me, which has had deep influence on my life. Now I have turned into a person who like taking the lead in life.

第二节书面表达（满分25分）

假定你是李华，今年10月你市将举办国际马拉松赛(International Marathon)，目前正在招募志愿者。请用英语写封申请信，内容包括：

1. 写信目的；

2. 个人优势；

3. 希望获准。

注意：1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3. 开头语和结尾语已为你写好。

河北省衡水中学2019届高三下第一次调研考试生物考试试卷含解析

2019年全国高三统一联合考试 理科综合能力测试（生物部分） 1．下列关于人体内细胞分化的叙述，错误的是 A．细胞分化是基因在不同时间或空间选择性表达的结果 B．细胞分化使细胞功能专门化，提高了各项生理功能的效率 C．细胞内合成了血红蛋白是造血干细胞分化为红细胞的标志 D．胚胎干细胞、成肌细胞及造血干细胞的分化程度依次降低 2．将同一部位的紫色洋葱外表皮细胞分别浸在甲、乙、丙3种溶液中，测得原生质层的外界面与细胞壁间距离变化如图所示，下列相关分析错误的是 A．实验开始时，甲、乙溶液的浓度均大于洋葱表皮细胞细胞液浓度 B．与t0时相比，t2时乙溶液中洋葱表皮细胞的细胞液浓度未发生变化 C．实验过程中，丙溶液中有水分子进出洋葱表皮细胞 D．实验结束时，甲、乙溶液的浓度有所下降 3．将某小鼠的皮肤移植给多只同种小鼠后，将受皮鼠分成甲、乙两组。甲组小鼠注射一定剂量的环孢霉素A，乙组小鼠注射等量生理盐水，并每天统计植皮的存活率，结果如图。下列分析错误的是 A．受皮鼠与供皮鼠的细胞表面抗原不完全相同 B．甲组小鼠对外源供皮的免疫排斥强度大于乙组小鼠 C．环孢霉素A可能通过抑制T细胞增殖从而减弱免疫应答 D．使用环孢霉素A有可能提高人体器官移植患者的存活率 4．在植物叶肉细胞的叶绿体基质中有R酶，既能与CO2结合，催化CO2与C5反应生成C3，也能与O2结合，催化

C5的分解。CO2和O2在与R酶结合时具有竞争性相互抑制。下列分析正确的是 A．植物叶肉细胞内CO2的固定发生在叶绿体内膜上 B．R酶催化CO2与C5反应时需要[H]和ATP C．增大CO2浓度后，植物叶肉细胞内的C3/C5比值增大 D．增大O2/CO2的比值，有利于提高植物的净光合速率 5．将生理状态相同、大小相似的多只家兔均分为甲、乙2组，2组家兔分别注射一定浓度的胰岛素溶液和肾上腺素溶液，一段时间后检测发现甲组家免血糖浓度下降，乙组家兔血糖浓度升高。下列分析错误的是A．因缺少对照，该实验不能得出血糖浓度受激素影响的结论 B．实验开始前，应分别测量甲、乙两组小鼠的初始血糖浓度 C．实验过程中，甲组家兔可能会出现行动迟缓甚至昏迷等症状 D．肾上腺素可能具有促进肝糖原分解，升高血糖的功能 6．正常人16号染色体有4个A基因(基因型为AA/AA)，均能独立编码正常肽链，a基因则编码异常肽链。每个血红蛋白分子均有2个上述肽链参与构成(异常肽链也能参与)。研究表明，当体内缺少1～2个A基因时无明显贫血症状，缺少3个A基因时有溶血现象，无A基因时，胎儿因无正常的血红蛋白造成胚胎致死。一对无明显贫血症状的夫妇婚后先后怀孕二胎，头胎胚胎致死，第二胎完全正常。下列分析错误的是 A．这对夫妇的基因型均为AA/aa B．这对夫妇的血红蛋白有2种类型 C．血红蛋白结构异常时可造成红细胞破裂 D．这对夫妇再生育完全正常孩子的概率为1/4 7．草莓在大棚内种植受光质影响较大。在大棚内总透射光照强度、温度、CO2浓度和湿度等相同的条件下，科研人员测得某品种香草莓在不同农膜(白膜为自然光质，对照组)大棚内，3个月后草莓叶片和果实的部分数据见下表，请回答下列问题： （1）与对照组相比，蓝膜、红膜大棚内草莓叶片细胞内色素含量对环境的适应性表现分别是 ______________________；依据表中数据，对蓝膜大棚内草莓叶片适应性变化的解释是_______________________。（2）依据表中光补偿点和光饱和点的数据分析，草莓在___________(填“白膜”蓝膜”或“红膜”)大棚中的生长反应是耐阴生性增强；为提高冬季大棚草莓的产量，除了选择适合的农膜颜色外，还可适当补充___________光源。

【全国百强校】河北省衡水中学2018届高三十六模理综生物试题(解析版)

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