2012年油气井综合二考研真题

中国石油大学（北京）2012年硕士研究生专业课考题

油气井工程II

填空题

1.某井上覆岩层压力梯度为

2.3MP/100m，地层水密度为1.0g/cm

3.地层A点垂

深1000米，B点垂深2000米。A点空隙压力等于静液压力，AB点dc指数相等。则B点孔隙压力为（）MP。若地层B点泊松比为0.25，根据伊顿法，B点破裂压力为（）MP。（g取10）

2.用于硬地层，直径为215.9mm的镶齿滑动密封轴承喷射三牙轮钻头型号为

（）

3.垂深3000m，最大钻压180KN，钻井液密度为1.2g/cm3，选用外径为158.75mm，

内径为57.15mm的钻铤，每米重力qc=1.33kn/m，安全系数为1.30，钻铤单根长度9.1m，需要（）根钻铤。

4.门限钻压和钻速指数一般通过（）确定。

5.钻头水利参数包括（）（）

6.轨迹测量中，测斜仪测量参数有（）（）（）

7.满眼钻具组合至少3个稳定器，关键是（）的计算。其可根据等截面梁纵横

弯曲理论中的挠度计算公式和压杆稳定的临界载荷计算公式，并进行求导。

8.某井钻至3000m，钻井液密度Pd=1.5g/cm3钻井液排量18L/s，环空压耗系

数为0.01，抽吸压力系数和激动压力系数。。。这个没抄全。

9.欠平衡压力钻井先决条件是预测（）。井口压力控制的核心装置是（）。而井

底欠平衡压力差值的合理性还要考虑（）

10.关井立管压力为20MPa，未受污染钻井液密度为1.25g/cm3，4000米气侵地

层压井施工所需钻井液密度为（）附加值为0.1g/cm3.

11.某井井眼轨迹上下两个测点的井段长度为80m，狗腿角为4度，井眼曲率为

（）度/30m。

12.钻井液提高密度常用的材料为（）（）（）

13.旋转粘度计测得钻井液600转，读数为76 。300转读数为54，表观粘度为

（）mPa.s，流性粘度为（）。粗性粘度（）

14.在钻油气层时，高温高压滤失量不大于（）ml，控制滤失的最好办法是（）

15.泥页岩中（）易吸水膨胀和分散，造成井壁岩石强度降低并引起（）

16.某井用139.7mm。N-80钢级，9.17mm的油层套管，其额定抗外挤强度

Pc=62800Kpa。管体抗拉屈服强度为Fs=2000KN。其下部悬挂浮重为180KN 的套管。此时套管允许的最大抗外挤强度为（）

17.外径177.8mm壁厚9.19mm的套管允许外挤强度为38219Kpa。抗外挤安全

系数为1.125.则密度为1.25g/cm3的钻井液中允许下入深度为（）。

18.井深结构设计的主要依据是（）剖面和（）剖面。

19.油层套管鞋在距井底（）m的范围内，阻流环以下套管内水泥环的高度一般

不小于（）m

20.某井下入外径为139.7mm，壁厚7.7mm的套管200m。套管内完全充满密度

为1.85g/cm3的水泥浆时，当前钻井液密度为1.25g/cm3.则水泥浆对套管产生的附加压力拉压力为（）KN。

21.砾石填充完井时，砾石的直径一般为出砂沙粒的（）倍

22.油管头的主要作用是（）和（）

23.射孔参数主要包括（）（）孔道深度，射孔相位角等。

判断题

1.增大钻井液液柱压力，岩石硬度增加，将使机械钻速降低。

2.Pdc钻头喷嘴数量一般比三牙轮钻头多。

3.地层较硬时，牙轮钻头选用牙齿高度小并带有超顶或移轴的钻头。

4.复合钻柱设计时，最下部的钻杆的钢级要求最高。

5.水力参数优化设计核心是钻井泵排量和缸套的选取，使得井底获得最大的水

力能量。

6.垂直剖面图可以反映出真实的井深参数，如井深，井斜方位角。

7.钻头喷嘴的射出流为淹没非自由连续射流，射流对井底的清洗通过射流的冲

击压力作用和漫流的横推作用来完成。

8.钟摆钻具组合使用多数用于井斜角较大的井纠斜，直井内无防斜作用。

9.钻井液静切力大小反应钻井液触变性的好坏。

10.大位移井指得是水平位移与垂直深度之比大于2.0的井

11.瞬时滤失量既不有利于提高钻速又损害油气层。

12.固相含量高，形成的滤饼厚，容易引起压差卡钻。

13.司钻法适用于井口装置承压及地层破裂压力较低的情况

14.套管柱设计通常从上而下分段设计。

15.套管上短套管的位置应安装在油层下20-30m

16.水泥面以上的套管强度设计应考虑双向应力

17.井身结构主要包括套管强度，每层套管下入深度和套管尺寸与井眼尺寸的配

合

18.砾石充填完井的关键是选择砾石并保证充填厚度

19.采用负压射孔时，主要根据井深和完井方式确定负压值得大小。

20.致密储集层的完井主要考虑井身能够承受酸化和压裂

简答题

1.用图示法分析装置角对井斜和井斜方位角的影响。

2.分析储层伤害的主要原因及防止措施

3.简述井身结构设计的主要步骤。

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2011年研究生入学考试英语二真题 Section I Use of English Directions：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered black and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) "The Internet affords anonymity to its users — a boon to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cybercrime that has 1 across the Web. Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing a semblance of safety and security to a world that seems increasingly 3 ? Last month, Howard Schmidt, the n ation’s cyberczar, offered the Obama government a4 to make the Web a safer place —a “voluntary identify” system that would be the high-tech 5 of a physical key, fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled 6 one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential 7 to a specific computer, and would authenticate users at a range of online services. The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identify systems. Users could 9 which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver’s license10 by the government. Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have sign-on” systems that mak e it possible for users to 11 just once but use many different services. 12, the approach would create a “walled garden” in safe “neighborhoods” and bright “streetlights” to establish a sense of 13 community. Mr. Schmidt described it as a “voluntary ecosystem” in which individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with 14 ,trusting the identities of the infrastructure that the transaction runs 15 .'" Still, the administration’s plan has16 privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such an initiative push toward what would 17be a license” mentality. The plan has also been greeted with 18by some experts, who worry that the “voluntary ecosystem” would still leave much of the Internet 19 .They argue that should be 20 to register and identify themselves, in drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads. 1． A.swept B.skipped C.walked D.ridden 2． A.for B.within C.while D.though 3． A.careless https://www.wendangku.net/doc/7b16482027.html,wless C.pointless D.helpless 4． A.reason B.reminder https://www.wendangku.net/doc/7b16482027.html,promise D.proposal 5． https://www.wendangku.net/doc/7b16482027.html,rmation B.interference C.entertainment D.equivalent 6． A.by B.into C.from D.over 7． A.linked B.directed C.chained https://www.wendangku.net/doc/7b16482027.html,pared 8． A.dismiss B.discover C.create D.improve 9． A.recall B.suggest C.select D.realize 10． A.relcased B.issued C.distributed D.delivered 11． A.carry on B.linger on C.set in D.log in 12． A.In vain B.In effect C.In return D.In contrast 13． A.trusted B.modernized C.thriving https://www.wendangku.net/doc/7b16482027.html,peting