2020高考英语新创新一轮复习语法第三部分理清常用句式第三讲定语从句学案含解析牛津译林

第三讲定语从句定语从句必备知识

[全析考法]

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ________ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.

解析：that/which 分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在定语从句中作主语，修

饰先行词study，故填that/which。

2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 —when the government started a soil-testing program________ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers — and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.

解析：that/which 空处引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语，修饰“a soil-testing program”，先行词表示物，故用that或者which。

3．(2018·浙江高考)Many westerners ________ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.

解析：who/that 先行词是Many westerners，指人，故用who/that 引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。

4．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But Sarah, ________ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.

解析：who 分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Sarah，且空格处在从句中作主语，故用关系代词who。

5．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)I'd skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River ________ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.

解析：that/which 根据语境和句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，因此答案为that/which。

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)In their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house.________________ 解析：that→which 此句是非限制性定语从句，应用which而不能用that引导。

2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Around me in the picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.________________

解析：they→that/which 分析句子结构可知，things作其后定语从句的先行词，并在从句中作主语，故关系代词用that或which。

3．(2016·四川高考)The dishes what I cooked were Mom's favorite.________________

解析：what→that/which或去掉what 分析句子结构可知，dishes后跟的是定语从句，what不能引导定语从句，应用that/which引导。又因引导词在定语从句中作cooked的宾语，可以省略，故也可以直接把what去掉。

[谨记规则]

(一)关系代词的基本用法

1．who

用于指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。

But the person who tries to do something and fails is a lot better off than the person who tries to do nothing and succeeds.(作主语)

但是，努力过却失败的人比那些坐享其成的人要好得多。

2．whom

用于指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可用who代替；但是，若从句中的介词提到关系代词前，只能用whom直接跟在介词后作宾语，不可用who代替。

In our class there are 48 students, half of whom are girls.(作宾语)我们班有48名学生，其中有一半是女生。

3．which

用于指物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。

She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students which allows them to communicate freely with each other.(作主语)在为学生营造自由交流的氛围这方面，她很有天赋。

4．that

既可指人又可指物，指人时通常可与who, whom互换，指物时通常可与which互换，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。

The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other.(作主语)这个古老的小镇有狭窄的街道和建造得彼此靠得很近的小房子。

5．whose

表示所属关系，既可指人又可指物，在定语从句中作定语。指物时相当于of which；指人时相当于of whom。

The books on the desk, whose covers are shiny, are prizes for us.(作定语) 桌上那些封面闪闪发亮的书是我们的奖品。

6．as

(1)引导限制性定语从句，作关系代词，既可指人又可指物，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。常用于下列结构：①such＋名词＋as ... 意为“像……一样的；像……之类的”；②such(＋代词＋)as ...，意为“像……一样的；像……之类的”；③the same (＋名词＋) as ...意为“和……同样的”。

He is such a man as is always ready to help others.(作主语)他是一个时刻准备

帮助别人的人。

I have the same book as you (have)．(作宾语)

我有一本和你的一样的书。

(2)引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为整个主句或主句中的一部分，意为“正如；像”。

“You can't judge a book by its cover，”as the old saying goes.(作宾语)正如老话所说的那样：“人不可貌相。”

[特别注意] 关系代词在从句中作宾语时一般可省略，但其前有介词时一般不可省略。

(二)关系代词的两处关注点

1．5种只用that而不用which的情况

(1)先行词是不定代词all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时；

Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself?

你有什么要为自己说的吗？

(2)先行词被序数词、形容词最高级或the only, the very (恰恰，正好), the last, all, no, few, little, any等修饰时；

This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen.这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。

This is the only thing that we can do now.

这是我们现在唯一能做的事情。

(3)先行词既有人又有物时；

The scientist and his achievements that you told me about are admired by us all.你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就为我们所有人所钦佩。

(4)当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也作表语时；

Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.

上海不再是过去的那座城市了。

(5)当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。

Who is the person that is standing at the gate?

站在门口的那个人是谁？

2．which与as引导非限制性定语从句的3点区别

She married again, which was unexpected.

她再婚了，这是始料未及的。

She married again, as we expected.

正如我们预料的那样，她再婚了。

[全析考法]

单句语法填空

1．(2018·江苏高考改编

the world are on the same starting line.

解析：where 句意：无人驾驶是一个中国和世界上其他国家处在同一起跑线上的领域。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句修饰先行词area，并在从句中作地点状语，应用where 引导。

2．(2017·6月浙江高考)Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, ________ it remained until the carrot's leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.

解析：where 分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“the garden”，在从句中作地点状语，故要用关系副词where引导。

3．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ________ I was the first Weste rn TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.

解析：when 分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是表示时间的“the mid-1980s”，且从句中缺少时间状语，故填关系副词when。

[谨记规则]

(一)关系副词的分类

完全靠体力谋生的时代已经一去不复返了。

I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, where we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.我和朋友一起登上了山顶，在山顶上我们欣赏到了湖光美景。

Is this the reason why/for which he refused our offer?

这就是他拒绝我们的提议的原因吗？

(二)关系副词与关系代词的易混点

若先行词为一些表示地点的抽象名词，如situation, point, stage, position, part, condition, case等，且引导词在从句中作状语，则常用关系副词where或“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。如果引导词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，则用关系代词that/which 引导。

I have come to the point where/at which I can't stand him.

我已经到了无法容忍他的地步。

He's got into the situation where/in which he is in debt.

他已经陷入负债累累的境地。

At last he got the position (that/which) he had been dreaming of.他最终得到了他梦寐以求的那个职位。

[全析考法]

单句语法填空/单句改错

1．(2017·江苏高考改编)In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.

解析：whose 句意：1963年，联合国建立了世界粮食计划署，它的其中一个目的就是减少世界范围内的饥饿问题。关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语，修饰purposes，whose purposes＝the World Food Programme's purposes。

2．(2016·6月浙江高考改编)Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of ______ has been proved.

解析：which 句意：就人类为什么哭出眼泪科学家提出来许多理论，但没有一项理论得到证明。先行词为theories，故用which引导非限制性定语从句。

3．(2015·安徽高考改编)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon ________school education depends.

解析：which 句意：一些专家认为阅读是学校教育依赖的基本技能。depend upon＝depend on“依靠，依赖”。结合句意及句子结构可知，upon及其后的句子成分在句中作the

fundamental skill的定语，是定语从句。从句中缺少一个宾语，故用关系代词which。

4．(2015·重庆高考)He wrote many children's books, nearly half of ________ were published in the 1990s.

解析：which 句意：他写了很多儿童书籍，差不多一半发表于20世纪90年代。先行词为children's books，在从句中作介词of的宾语，故要用which。

5．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)They also had a small pond which they raised fish.________________

解析：which前加in或which→where 分析句子结构可知，they raised fish是定语从句，其先行词是pond，在定语从句中应该作介词in的宾语，或者用关系副词where作状语。

[谨记规则]

(一)“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句

The newly-built gymnasium, the walls of which are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard study.新建成的体育馆，墙被刷成了浅绿色，对我们来说真是一个安静的去处，特别是在刻苦学习后。

He has ten cousins, the youngest of whom is very clever.

他有十个表兄弟，最小的那个很聪明。

She still remembers the day on which she won the prize.

她仍然记得她获奖的那一天。

He is studying in the classroom now, in front of which stand two trees.他现在正在前面有两棵树的那间教室里学习。

Mother is preparing lunch, during which time children are playing outside.妈妈在准备午餐，在此期间，孩子们在外面玩。

There is a big window in my room, from where I can see the railway station.

我的房间有一个大窗户，透过它我可以看到火车站。

(二)两个注意点

1．“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句中介词的确定：

(1)根据从句中动词、形容词等与介词的习惯搭配来确定。

Do you know the girl with/to whom the teacher talked just now？你认识刚才和老师谈话的那个女孩吗？(talk作“交谈”讲时，常与with或to搭配)

(2)根据语意表达的需要来确定。

Knowledge is the wings with which we realize our dreams.

知识是我们借以实现梦想的翅膀。(with表示用某种手段、工具)

2．“介词＋which＋名词”结构引导的定语从句。常见的这类结构有：

during which time在此期间at which time在这时

at which point在这一时刻 for which reason由于这个原因

in which case在这一情况下

语法填空解题“3视角”

据第1条解题

1．Records are rare before that time because Qin Shi Huang destroyed all the books that could be found.

2．However, speeding up your walking pace can't instantly make you the life of the party, which_means that you needn't change your personality.

3．As is expected, these programs should be positive in their forms as well as functions.

4．A best friend is someone whom you can tell everything to, even your most personal feelings and thoughts.

5．Now Edwards is studying English literature, having completed a college course designed for adults who want to return to education or need extra qualifications to go on to university.

据第2条解题

6．There are certain dates throughout the year when the entire country takes a vacation at the same time.

7．Of course, there are times when we need to travel long distances.

8．Gift shops in museums used to be the last stop of each visit, where people would buy souvenirs for themselves and their friends.

据第3条解题

9．The city has historically developed on seven hills, some of which_are 250m high.

10．We first attended the opening parade, for which our class had made a lot of preparations.

11．Behind him were other people to whom he was trying to talk, but after some minutes they walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.

短文改错解题“3视角”

据第1条解题

1．On the other hand, I can see the singers' stories, who are so inspiring.who →which

2．You'll find taxis waiting at the bus station where you can hire to reach your

host family.where→which

据第2条解题

3．She thanked me several times sincerely, that made me feel extremely proud.that →which

4．Secondly, manage our time wisely by setting up a study schedule, that can help us improve our learning efficiency.that→which

5．Looking at the spot what he thought the “fly” was again, he was so angry that he slapped it with all his strength.what→where

6．Last week, I along with my classmates was asked to attend a lecture, the theme of what was environmental protection.what→which

据第3条解题

7．When I was 12, I met Mary. She came to China with her parents, whom taught English in a university.whom→who

8．In the square which many senior citizens were dancing, I found several elders buried in feeding birds.which→where

9．The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of them left their village homes for a better life in the city.them→whom

2016-2020高考英语试题分类汇总-定语从句(解析版)

2016-2020高考英语试题分类汇总-定语从句（解析 版） 【2020年】 1.（2020·江苏卷）Many lessons are now available online, from __________ students can choose for free. A. whose B. which C. when D. whom 【答案】B 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：许多课程现在都可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是many lessons，关系词在从句中做介词from的宾语，应使用关系代词which 引导。故选B。 3.（2020·天津卷）Dr. Rowan, __________ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing. A. whose B. of whom C. of which D. which 【答案】A 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在只能自己打字。______ secretary resigned two weeks ago是非限制性定语从句，修饰Dr. Rowan，引导词在从句中作定语，表示“Dr. Rowan’s ”，表示“……的” ，应用关系代词whose引导该从句，故选A。 3.（2020·新课标Ⅲ卷）In ancient China lived an artist61 paintings were almost lifelike. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 【2019年】 1.【2019·江苏卷】We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true. A. which B. what C. when D. that 【答案】C 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。故选C。 2.【2019·天津卷】Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words but not full sentences. A. why B. where C. which D. what 【答案】B 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他们的孩子正处于能说单个单词而不能说完整句子的阶段。句中she can

高考英语一轮复习语法部分专项训练

2019届高考英语一轮复习语法部分专项训 练1 1. They hadn’t been out for long __________ she felt sick in the stomach. A. as B. when C. while D. though 2. The work should be given to _____________ you think can finish it ahead of time. A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever 3. The shop owner will get all these goods ordered ___________ to the customers today. A. to deliver B. delivering C. deliver D. delivered 4. Can you ____________ the differences between the two pictures? A. tell B. talk C. speak D. say 5. If you keep practicing your son in football，he ___________ to be a football player. A. wants B. hopes C. wishes D. promises 6. __________ singer and ___________ dancer is also good at drawing. A. The；a B. The；the C. A；a D. The；/ 7. __________ the fact that there was thick fog，he drove his car out. A. Although B. No matter C. Despite D. In spite 8. Mary smiled _____________ her mother did when she was Mary’s age. A. as if B. what C. the way D. that 9. In such dry weather，the flower will have to be watered if they _____________. A. have survived B. are to survive C. would survive D. will survive 10. You should make it a rule to leave things ______________ you can find them again easily. A. when B. where C. that D. in the place 11. The cloth ___________ fine，but _____________ well. A. looks；doesn’t wash B. looks；isn’t washed C. is looked；doesn’t wash D. is looked；isn’t washed 12. The theory that he stuck _____________ true. A. to prove B. proved C. to proved D. to proving 13. I ___________ from the crowed an old friend of mine whom I hadn’t seen for 10 years. A. figured out B. picked out C. gave out D. went out 14. –Who gave you this message? --A man ___________ himself Mr Zhang.

英语定语从句用法总结

英语定语从句用法总结 定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后关系代词的用法：1. 作主语用who, which和that, 如： He is the man who/that lives next door. The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen. 2. 作宾语用whom, who, which, that, 如： The man we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book I bought last week? 注：在非正式文体中，用于指人的关系代词who whom, that 通常可以省略，但在正式文体中通常用whom, 不可省略;用于指物的关系代词which和that 在非正式文体中也通常省略，但在正式文体中一般不省略。 3. 作定语用whose, 如： It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time. 注：“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语 He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten. 4. 作表语只用that ，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。如： He is no longer the man that he used to be.

This is no longer the dirty place we met yesterday. 3. why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason。如： That is the reason why he is leaving so soon. 注：why时常也可以省略。如： That is the real reason he did it. + which; where = in he arrived. The office where he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why we did it. 2. 当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或 宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点 状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory where radio parts are made. His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts. 3. when和where既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导 非限制性定语从句。而why 只

最新高中英语语法定语从句总复习

高中英语语法定语从句总复习 郴州资兴三中李俊才 定义：用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫 作定语从句。 一、关系带词引导的定语从句 1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词 句子成分用于限制从句或非限制性从句只用于限制性从句 代替人代替物代替人或物主语Who which 主语Whom which that 宾语Whose (=of whom) Whose (=of which) that 例１：This is the detective who came from London. 例２：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy. ２．关系代词的用法 (1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如： All the people that are burst into tears.（所有人都迸出眼泪。） (2) 如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, most, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。 (3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。 There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom、are well educated. (4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分 概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。例如： He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy. (5) that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。

高中英语定语从句教案

教学过程 一、复习预习 1、对上节课课后作业中的问题进行查漏补缺； 2、导入： e.g. She is a beautiful girl. She is a beautiful girl who drives me crazy. 二、知识讲解 （一）定语从句定义

1、定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某个名词或代词的句子（做这个名词或代词的定语）叫定语从句，定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面。 2、先行词：被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词。 3、关系词：用来引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。 关系代词的种类： 关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose, as 关系副词：when, where, why 4、定语从句结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句。 a、There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her. b、In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money. c、Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie. d、Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story. （二）定语从句分类 限定性定语从句：从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明，对先行词起修饰限定作用，从句与先行词紧密相连，缺少它则句义显得不完整，一般不用逗号隔开。非限定性定语从句：对先行词进行补充说明，解释，它与先行词关系松散，用逗号隔开。 1、The man who gave me this book is T om .(限定性) 2、T om,who is reading a book ,is my classmate (非限定性) （三）关系代词 1、who指人，在定语从句中作主语。 e.g. The man who is sitting under the tree is a German . 2、Whom指人，在句中做宾语，可省略，但在做介词的宾语是只能用whom,不能用who。关系代词前有介词时不能省略。 e.g. I know the girl (whom) the teacher is speaking to . I know the girl to whom the teacher is speaking . 3、whose, 作定语，可指人或物 e.g. Everyone heplps the child whose parents are dead. They are the lazy students whose homework wasn’t handed in . 4、that 指人或物，多指物，作主语（不能省略）或宾语（可省略） e.g. He is the finest comrade that has helped us . This is a plant that grows in the north . 5、which ,指物，在句中做主语（不能省略），或宾语（可省略）。 e.g. This is a plant which grows in the north . ☆常用that不用which的情况 1、当先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, much, little, none, one等不定代词时，只用that。 歌诀助记：不定代词这路货，全用that准没错。 Pay attention to everything that I do.

定语从句用法总结

定语从句用法总结 一.定义：定语由一个句子来充当，那么这个句子就叫做定语从句。 eg: The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other.其中划线部分为定语从句。 二.分类：分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，还有间隔性定语从句。 eg: is the school (that/which)we visited last year. （限制性定语从句） weather turned out to be very good,which was more than we could expect. （非限制性定语从句） days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a living.（间隔性定语从句） ] 注：定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 限制性定语从句无逗号隔开、不可缺少、起修饰限制作用；而非限制性定语从句有逗号隔开、可有可无、起补充说明作用。 三.构成：定语从句有先行词、引导词和从句构成。 先行词是定语从句所修饰限制的名词或代词。 引导词是用来引导定语从句的关系代词或关系副词。 eg: The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other. 此句中先行词为：narrow streets and small houses, ( 引导词为：that，定语从句为：that are built close to each other 四．基本原则 定语从句中不能出现与先行词在意义上相一致的词 is the book that I like it best .(it 与book指同一物，所以要去掉。) 五．定语从句中常见考点：

高中英语非限定性定语从句语法归纳

非限定性定语从句是英语语法中从句的一种，是定语从句的分支之一。作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立。运用非限定性定语从句，尤其要注意其语法运用及其所表示的东西。 1 who引导的非限制性定语从句 Our guide，who was a French Canadian，was an excellent cook. 我们的向导，一个法裔加拿大人，擅长于烹调。 My gardener，who is very pessimistic，says that there will be no apples this year. 我家的园丁非常悲观，他说今年将不结苹果。 2 whom引导的非限制性定语从句。 关系代词whom用于指人，在句中作动词宾语和介词宾语，作介词宾语时，介词可位于句末。 如：Peter, whom you met in London, is now back in Paris. 彼得现在回巴黎了，你在伦敦见过他。 Mr Smith，from whom I have learned a lot，is a famous scientist. 史密斯先生是一位著名的科学家，我从他那儿学了许多东西。 3 whose引导的非限制性定语从句。 whose是关系代词who的所有格形式，在从句中作定语。whose通常指人，也可指动物或无生命的事物。 如：The boy, whose father is an engineer, studies very hard. 那位小男孩学习很努力，他的父亲是位工程师。 Above the trees are the mountains, whose magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface. 在树林的高处是山，其壮丽的景色完全映照在河面上。 The play，whose style is rigidly formal，is typical of the period. 这剧本是那个时期的典型作品，风格拘谨刻板。 4 which引导的非限制性定语从句。 关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中所指代和修饰的可以是主句中的名词、形容词、短语、其他从句或整个主句，在从句中作主语、动词宾语、介词宾语或表语。 ①which指代主句中的名词，被指代的名词包括表示物、婴儿或动物的名词、表示单数意义的集体名词以及表示职业、品格等的名词。 如：These apple trees，which I planted three years ago，have not borne any fruit. 这些苹果树是我三年前栽的，还没有结过果实。 She is an artist，which I am not. 她是一位艺术家，而我不是。 Water，which is a clear liquid，has many uses. 水是一种清澈的液体，有许多用途。 The two policemen were completely trusted，which in fact they were. 那两个警察完全受到信任，事实上，也真是如此。 ②which指代主句中的形容词。 如：She was very patient towards the children，which her husband seldom was. 她对孩子们很耐心，她丈夫却很少这样。 She is always careless，which we should not be. 她总是马虎大意，我们可不应该这样。 ③which指代主句中的某个从句。

高考英语定语从句讲解+习题-

在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句的作用相当于形容词，用来修饰主句中的某一名词或代词或整个主句，所以，也称作形容词性从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。 提示：关系词在定语从句中有三大作用 1. 连接作用——连接先行词和定语从句。 I I . 我把我所有的钱都给了她。（连接先特词和定语从句I ） 2. 替代作用——在定语从句中替代从句所修饰的先行词。 a . 住在隔壁的那个人是个名师。（替代） 3. 成分作用——在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。 I . 我喜欢传统的中国画。（在定语从句中作主语） 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 引导定语从句的关系代词主要有, , , , 等。它们分别代替前面的先行词，并在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。 A． 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 ? 借钱给你的那人叫什么名字？（定语从句修饰先行词） . 谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。（定语从句修饰先行词） , , . 会议主席坐在我右边，他先发言。（定语从句修饰先行词） B． 指人，在定语从句中做宾语。在口语或非正式文体中，可省略或可用来代替，但在介词后面以及在非限制性定语从句中只能用。 . 有些人我们是喜欢的，有些人则是我们讨厌的。（定语从句分别修饰先行词, ） I . 和我一起工作的人都很友好。（定语从句修饰先行词） . , I , . . , I , . 昨晚我在电话里和卡特先生交谈过，他对我们的计划很感兴趣。（非限制性定语从句中不能用代替） , I , . 两个人来到我的办公室，我以前从未见过他们。（在介词后面不用） C． 人、物皆可，做定语，后面要紧跟被修饰的名词，先行词和后面的名词之间往往是从属关系。 . 有些人，他们的脸你永远难以忘怀。（定语从句修饰先行词） I . 我看见一些树的树叶由于空气污染而发黑。（定语从句修饰行词） D． 1．指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语。做宾语时常可省略。

定语从句用法归纳完整版

定语从句用法归纳标准化管理处编码[BBX968T-XBB8968-NNJ668-MM9N]

定语从句用法归纳 篇一：定语从句的用法一、定语从句的有关概念所谓定语从句，就是在复合句中起定语作用以修饰主句中的名词或代词的从句。学习定语从句，首先要弄清两个重要概念——先行词和关系词。先行词是我们汉语中从来没有听过的一个新概念，它其实指的就是被定语从句所修饰的词。由于定语从句修饰名词或代词时，定语从句通常是后置的，所以人们就将放在定语从句前被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 那什么是关系词呢其实它就是用于引导定语从句的引导词。事实上，英语中的各类从句，不管性质如何，它们都需要有一个词来“引导”，正如人们给引导状语从句的词语取了个名字叫从属连词一样，人们也给引导定语从句的词语取了个名字，叫它关系词，因为它通常被放在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用，以表明两者之间的修饰关系，同时它还在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。二、定语从句中关系词与所修饰先行词的关系 为了更好地理解定语从句，我们还有必要研究一下关系词与先行词之间的关系。但在研究这种关系之前，我们先来看看关系词有哪些。根据关系词在定语从句中的作用，我们可以将关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种。所谓关系代词就是指起代词作用的关系词，它们在引导定语从句的同时，还在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、宾语等，英语中比较常用的关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等。类似地，关系副词就是指起副词作用的关系词，它们在引导定语从句的同时，还在定语从句中充当状语等，英语中比较常用的关系副词只有三个，即when, where和why。许多初学定语从句的人弄不清关系词与先行词之间到底是什么关系。其实啊，关系词与先行词之间的关系很简单，简单得可以划一个等号。因为，关系词的含义在本质上等价于先行词，它与先行词指的就是同一个人或同一个事物。为便于理解，下面我们来看几个例子吧。I know the man who lives next door. 我认识住在隔壁的那个人。这是一个含有定语从句的复合句。句中的the man为先行词，who lives next door为修饰the man的定语从句；在定语从句中，who是关系词，它在定语从句中用作主语，从意义上说，它在

高中英语语法系列：定语从句

高中英语语法系列：定语从句 知识要点 1.关系代词和关系副词的选用 2.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 3.几组的关系词特殊用法 一、定义：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 The happy man who lives next to me sells vegetables. You must do everything that I do. 被定语从句修饰的词，叫先行词。比如上面两句中的man和everything. 引导定语从句的词，叫关系代词和关系副词。比如who,whom,that,which,wh ere,when,why等 关系词三重作用：①连接主从句；②指代先行词；③在定语从句中担任句子成分。 The man who lives next to me sells vegetables. 该句中，who lives next to me是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 二、关系词 引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,which,that,whose,as等和关系副词w here,when,why等。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。

1.用关系代词that,which,who,whom引导的定语从句 who指人，用作主语 whom指人，用作宾语 which指物，用作主语、宾语皆可 that指人和物，用作主语、宾语皆可 The teacher who visits our school today is from Guangzhou. Mrs Read is the person whom you should write to. They planted some trees which didn’t need much water. The fish(which)we bought this morning were not fresh. A plane is a machine that can fly. The noodles(that)I cooked were delicious. 2.用关系代词whose引导的定语从句： 先行词既可指人，也可指物，一般译为“谁的”“什么东西的”，请看例子 The room whose window faces south is mine. 3.用关系副词when、where、why引导的定语从句 (1)when在从句中作时间状语 October lst,1949is the day when(=on which)the People’s Republic of Chin a was founded. (2)where在从句中作地点状语 I recently went to the town where(=in which)I was born. (3)why在从句中作原因状语 The reason why(=for which)he was late was that he missed the train.

(完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习

高中英语定语从句讲解及练习 定语从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，大家也不容易掌握，这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语） 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。例如： There are occasions when （on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why （for which）he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如： His father died the year （that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错： （错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对）This is the mountain village （which）I visited last year. （对）I'll never forget the days （which）I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关

初中英语定语从句的用法归纳

初中英语定语从句用法归纳 定语从句是一种形容词的关系从句。它由关系代词或关系副词引导（1）。初中英语中的定语从句仅限于限制性定于从句，但对初中生来说，定语从句既是一个重点，也是一个难点。 一、英语中的定语从句与汉语中的定语位置不同。 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。英语中的定语从句始终要放在被修饰的词之后，而汉语中的定语则放在被修饰词之前。如： The man who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday is my English teacher. 先行词定语从句 昨天我在校门口看见的那个人是我的英语老师。 二、英语从句中的句型结构比较复杂，有先行词、关系代词或关系副词。 被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词或关系副词。限制性关系分句和它的先行项的所指意义有着不可分割的联系（2）。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中要充当一个成分。关系代词在句中可作主语、宾语或定语，关系副词在句中作状语。如： I am waiting for the boy who /that is wearing a red coat. （主语） 先行词关系代词 我正在等穿着红色外套的那个男孩。 The dictionary that / which my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.(宾语)先行词关系代词 我姐姐上周星期天给我的那本字典很贵。 The woman is his mother whose name is Linda Brown. (定语)

2020高考英语易错语法点专题九 定语从句(解析版)

2020高考英语易错语法点专题九定语从句（解析版） 1.(2019·全国卷II，62) Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， _____she opened with her late husband Les. 2.(2019·全国卷III)In the cafe,customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment_______is created for them. 3.（2019 江苏卷，21 ）We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true. 4.（2019·天津卷，11）Their child is at the stage______ she can say individual words but not full sentences. 5.(2019·新课标III卷)They were well trained by their masters __ ___ had great experience with caring for these animals. 6. (2019·北京卷)The students befitting most from college are those ___ ___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life. 7.【2018·北京】She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit. A. which B. who C. as D. that 8.【2018·天津】Kate, ________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia. A. whom B. that C. whose D. her 9.【2018·江苏】Self-driving is an area _______ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line. A. that B. where C. which D. when 10.【2017·北京】The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. A. that B. as C. where D. when 11.【2017·江苏】In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. A. which B. it’s C. whose D. whom 12.【2017·天津】My eldest son, _______ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment. A. that B. whose C. his D. who 13.【2016·北京】I live next door to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise. A. whose B. why C. where D. which 14.【2016·江苏】Many young people, most ______were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. A. of which B. of them C. of whom D. of those 15.【2016·浙江】Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears , none of ______ has

高中英语语法之四种名词性从句

四种名词性从句(宾语从句、主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句)讲解与练习 ◆学习宾语从句 学习宾语从句的连词、语序、时态和各种变化及特殊用法(直接引证变间接引语也在 宾语从句的基础上还要进行人称、状语、少数动词和句型的变化)是为学习其它三种名词性从句(主从、表从、同位从)做铺垫，连词、语序、时态基本相同，只是后三种考点相对宾.语从句少的多，主要是对连词的应用进行考查。所以学好宾语从句是必要的。 宾语从句三注意三特殊 一注意:注意引导词(连词) 由陈述句转化而来的宾语从句，引导词为that，that 在口语或非正式文体中可省略;由 一般疑问句转化而来的宾语从句，引导词为if或whether;由特殊疑问句转化而来的宾语从句，引导词为句子本身的特殊疑问词，即what, when，where 等。 Eg：Tom says(that)he will fly to Beijing tomorrow. 汤姆说他明天将要坐飞机去北京 二注意:注意从句语序. 宾语从句的语序应该为陈述句语序即“主语+谓语+宾语+其他”。也就是说将疑问句转化成宾语从句时，一定要将疑问句语序转变成陈述句语序。 Can you tell me what he is doing能告诉我他正在做什么吗? <特别提醒>当疑问句在宾语从句中做主语时，语序不变。 Eg：Do you know what makes him so angry? 你知道什么事使他如此生气吗？ <特别提醒>如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理或是科学事实，其谓语动词仍用一般现在.时态。 Eg：Our teacher told us that the sun is much bigger than the moon. 老师告诉我们说太阳比月球大得多。 ◆主语从句(与宾词从句连词、语序、时态相同。只是不能用if, that 不可省;) (一)、主语从句是一个句子，在句子中作主语成分。 (二)，主语从句的特点 1.与宾语从句使用同样的连接词，只是if不能用; 1)、陈述句用that。 2)、一般疑问句用whether。 3)、特殊疑问句用特殊疑问词what, which, who,when, where, why, how等词引导。 2.以it为形式主语出现 Eg：1.It's true that the earth is round. That the earth is round is true. 2.表是否的意思时，不能用if代替whether. It hasn't been decided whether he'll come or not. Whether he'll come or not hasn't been decided. 3.从句语序为主谓宾正常语序。 Why didn't he come? Why he didn't come is not known. （三）特殊疑问词变化 Whoever=no matter who=any one who Whomever=no matter who=any one who