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翻译

A. Put the flowing sentences into Chinese, paying attention to the translation of attributive clauses and adverbial clauses.

1. Make a mark where you have any doubts or questions. 在你有疑问的地方做个记号

2.The crops failed because the season was dry. 水稻停止生长因为这个季节太干旱

3.Granted that this is true, what conclusion can you draw? 假设这是真的,你能得出什么结论呢?

4.Most parts of that machine will be made of plastics instead of metal so that its weight may be greatly decreased.那台机器的大部分零件将用塑料取代金属制造,因此机器的重量将大大减少。

5.He is very ignorant so much so that he cannot read his own name.他很无知,甚至连自己的名字都不会读。

6.It seemed a long time before my turn came.很长时间过后才轮到我

7.Study hard before it is too late.趁早努力学习

8.They had not been married a month before they quarreled. 他们结婚不到一个月就吵架了

9.He was old and poor, though he was happy. 他又老又穷,但却很开心。

10.Wise men love truth, though fools shun it. 智者热爱真理,愚人回避真理

11.I didn’t go because I was afraid. 我很怕所以不想去

12.She will never accept any dictates, no matter where th ey come from.

她决不会接受无论来自哪一方面的任何霸权指令

13.He pushed open the door gently and stole out of the room for fear that he should awake her. 他轻轻地把门关上,蹑手蹑脚地从房间出来,生拍吵醒她

14.Mary had scarcely heard the news when she wept aloud.玛丽一听到这个消息就大声痛哭。

15.The threat of death does not depress him, even though he has become the No.1 villain to them.尽管对他们来说他已经成了第一恶棍,死亡的威胁却没有使他沮丧。

B. Put the following into Chinese.

When Marshall McLuhan died on New Year’s Eve,1980,his reputation as a pop prophet and media visionary had been under total eclipse for at least a decade,even

his obituaries were critical. Yet a great deal of what McLuhan predicted, particularly in the pessimistic undercurrent of his reflections on media, has actually come to pass. Many of the more disturbing phenomena of contemporary life begin to make sense when we turn again to Marshall McLunhan. He is more pertinent now than ever

.当马歇尔·麦克卢汉在19820年新年的除夕与世长辞的时候,作为一个流行倡导者与媒介空想家,他的名声却至少在十年中不为人所知,甚至连他的讣告都具有争议。然而,大量麦克卢白的预言,尤其是他在悲观暗流方面对媒体的见解竟然都变成事实。当我们再次求教于马歇尔·麦克卢白的时候,我们会发现当代生活的很多扰人现象与他的预言是如此贴切。他因此受到了前所未有的肯定。

McLuhan saw that what we call “the media explosion” is not an isolated blast, but one in a series of detonations that will probably last through and beyond our lifetimes. The account he gave us of the first explosion─radio, television, and film─was not “wrong”, as many of his critics thought. Rather, the account almost perfectly anticipated the negative effects of the second media generation-video games and discs, cable, and Qube (双向有限电视)

.在麦克卢白看来,被我们称做的“媒介爆炸”并不是一个孤立的爆炸,而是一个经历了一系列引爆并将可能持续我们一生的爆炸。正如很多他的批评家所想,他给我们的关于第一次爆炸--广播,电视,电影的解释没用错。相反,这个解释几近完美得预期了第二代媒介--电子游戏,光盘,电缆,双向有限电视的负面影响。

翻译研究途径的回顾与发展

龙源期刊网 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/7118051810.html, 翻译研究途径的回顾与发展 作者:杨可伊 来源:《文教资料》2018年第01期 摘要:本文从翻译学研究途径回顾、翻译学当代研究的发展和翻译学有待拓展的领域三方面对近几十年来翻译学的学科发展做了梳理和总结,从语言的对比研究、功能主义学派、描写翻译学及翻译的文化转向方面做了总结和回顾,肯定了翻译学理论研究取得的卓越成果,指出了翻译学学科在纯理论研究、专项研究及构建我国翻译体系理论等方面相对滞后,以期翻译学学者和专家为丰富翻译学理论做出专门研究。 关键词:翻译研究途径翻译学理论 一、引言 研究途径是指研究者用作研究的理论与方法,翻译学处于跨学科的领域,需要借鉴其他学科的研究理论和方法丰富本学科内涵,正所谓翻译的研究途径。归纳起来,翻译研究的途径即从语言学角度研究翻译语言和对比文本阶段开始,经历了德国功能主义学派阶段、描写翻译研究阶段、文化转向研究阶段及当代社会学方向研究、实证性转向研究及全球化转向研究阶段。 二、翻译研究途径回顾 1. 50年代末至70年代注重语言的对比研究 相关理论霍姆斯、雅各布逊、卡特福德、奈达、纽马克、穆南及费道罗夫等。奈达提出了著名的动态对等翻译观,在第三阶段用功能对等取代了动态对等,指出翻译需要寻找以交际功能为目的的对等语,从而重新组织语言的结构和语义的形式,(Nida and Taber, 1969:12)奈达进一步指出翻译必须达意、传神、措辞通顺及考虑读者的接受。几乎和奈达同一时期,苏联著名翻译理论家费道罗夫(A.V. Fedorov)提出翻译学理论和语言学学科紧密相关,强调翻译要通过两种语言的对比才能体现出来,翻译要通过语言学学科才能表现出来。(蔡毅、段京华,2000:5-6)此外,哈蒂姆(Basil Hatim),纽马克(Peter Newmark),贝尔(Roger Bell)格特(Ernst-August Gutt)等将语用学、篇章语言学、认知语言学与翻译研究结合,丰富并促进了翻译语言的对比研究。 2. 70年代末至80年代德国功能主义学派研究 德国的翻译功能学派针对翻译语言学派重形式的不足,提出重文化和交际功能,将翻译研究置于目的语文化和语境中。赖斯通过文本类型理论(text typology)阐释不同文本类型的功能,指出文本的多义性和多功能性,他们运用语言功能和交际的特点分析和研究翻译。弗米尔提出目的论(Skopostheorie),认为翻译文本要以达到目的语语境为目的,并指出译文要根据目的语读者和译入语习惯达到文内连贯和互文连贯的原则。曼塔里阐发了翻译行为理论

大数据单位的换算与翻译

大数据单位的换算与翻译 近几年来,大数据这个词越来越频繁地出现在各种媒体文章上,出现各行各业人士的口中。人工翻译的行业也难免受其影响。在这方面,赛迪翻译亦深有体会。 首先也是最为重要的一点是大数据方面的词语频繁出现。 以往,我们说数据大小,常常使用的单位是MB、GB,而现在我们经常会看到TB、PB、EB、ZB、YB、BB、NB、DB。身为翻译人员,不免要弄清楚这些单位的大小和译法。 从大小方面,这几种单位依然延续了1024 的进制。即,后一个单位是前一个单位的1024 倍。在此,赛迪翻译总结了这些大数据单位。具体的大小如下: 1KB (Kilobyte) = 1024B ,即2 的10 次方字节,读音千字节 1MB (Megabyte) = 1024KB,即2 的20 次方字节,读音兆字节 1GB (Gigabyte) = 1024MB,即2 的30 次方字节,读音吉字节 1TB (Terabyte) = 1024GB,即2 的40 次方字节,读音太字节 1PB (Petabyte) = 1024TB,即2 的50 次方字节,读音拍字节 1EB (Exabyte) = 1024PB,即2 的60 次方字节,读音艾字节 1ZB (Zettabyte) = 1024EB,即2 的70 次方字节,读音泽字节 1YB (Yottabyte) = 1024ZB,即2 的80 次方字节,读音尧字节 1 BB (BrontoByte)= 1024 YB,即 2 的90 次方字节,读音波字节 1NB (NonaByte) = 1024BB,即2 的100 次方字节,读音诺字节 1DB (DoggaByte) = 1024NB,即2 的110 次方字节,读音刀字节

时代周刊翻译

…Back to Sleep?: Why Are 2,500 U.S. Babies Still Dying of SIDS Each Year? ‘用背部睡觉’:为什么美国每年都有2500个婴儿死于婴儿猝死综合症 Putting babies on their back to sleep has dramatically reduced the number of SIDS deaths, but thousands of babies still die each year. A look at the key risk factors. 让婴儿用背部睡觉戏剧性的减少了婴儿猝死综合症的死亡数量,但每年还是有上千数量的婴儿死亡。这有一种对于关键的风险因素的看法。 There?s no doubt that the Back to Sleep campaign launched in 1994 to get parents to stop putting babies to sleep on their tummies has been a success. In the 1970s and 1980s, the rate of infant deaths per 1,000 live births was 1.5; it?s now 0.5. 无需置疑的是,1994年发起的用背部睡觉的运动,旨在阻止父母让婴儿用肚子睡觉是成功的。在20世纪70到80年代,婴儿死亡率为每一千名安全出生婴儿中有1.5,现在是0.5。 Within a generation, most babies are now put to bed on their backs, and yet 2,500 U.S. infants still die each year in the U.S. Researchers trying to understand why have noticed a curious byproduct of the trend toward back-sleeping: as fewer babies were being put to sleep on their bellies, more babies were documented engaging in other pediatric no-nos — sleeping with their parents, for example — which is another risk factor for SIDS. 在一代人中,大部分婴儿现在都用背部放在床上,但美国每年依然有2500个婴儿死亡。研究员正试图弄明白为什么人们会注意到用背部睡觉这种趋势的奇怪的副产品:越来越少的婴儿用腹部睡觉,越来越多的婴儿被证明参与到了一些儿科禁止的事情中——例如,和父母一起睡——这是婴儿猝死综合症的另一个风险因素。 A study published Monday in the journal Pediatrics takes a look at how risk factors for SIDS have evolved over the years. In an analysis of the 954 babies who died suddenly and unexpectedly in San Diego County between 1991 and 2008 — 568 of these deaths were attributed to SIDS — researchers found that

20世纪中国翻译研究_特殊年代的文化怪胎_黄皮书_

43 广东外语外贸大学学报 JOURNAL OF GUANGDONG UNIVERSITY OF FOREIGN STUDIES 2010年5月May. 2010 第21卷第3期VOL.21 NO.3 20世纪中国翻译研究: 特殊年代的文化怪胎“黄皮书” 内容提要:本文考察1960-1978年翻译文学史上一个奇特现象。这便是中国当代文化史上一度影响不小的“黄皮书”。本文检讨这套书的缘起、目的、选目方式、翻译和出版,最后分析了这套书的接受、影响和特别作用。 关键词:“黄皮书”;翻译选择;接受;特殊作用 中图分类号:H059 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1672-0962(2010)03-0043-05 王友贵 (广东外语外贸大学?广州?510420) 一、文化怪胎“黄皮书”:缘起与目的 “黄皮书”乃中国1960-1978年这段特定历史时期的翻译文学产品。因其封面十分简单,常用黄色胶版纸作封面封底,封面或封底印有“内部发行”字样,故俗称“黄皮书”。其中不乏后来发生深刻影响的当代外国文学作品。它的存在表明1960-76年的中国一方面拒绝包括苏联在内的当代欧美日外国文学,否认其合法性,拒绝与之公开发生关系,别一方面又有压不住的强烈翻译需要。有趣的是,其中不少译著到80年代摇身一变“扶正”了,从“内部”到“公开”;其中部分作品给特殊年代的读者,尤其是青年读者,留下终身难忘的印象。 “黄皮书”缘于中苏两党生重大分歧之初。其前身是分歧初起之1957年便开始选译的“内部参考”作品,如苏联的《不单单是面包》(1957)。与其前身相对应者,是1957年3月1日《参考消息》由刊物变为报纸,4开4版。“黄皮书”作为批量翻译的书籍,其正式启动略晚一点,在59年12月至60年1月北京新侨饭店的一次会议上启动[1],与此同时《世界文学》编辑部奉命编选《世界文学参考资料专辑》,陆续出版。“黄皮书”前后历时约19年,正式启动前的1957-59年可谓预备期,文革初期4年(1967-70)停译,1977-78年是其尾声。其正式批量翻译在60年代初。最初推出的“黄皮书”并非黄皮裹身。据参与其事的秦顺新回忆,出 了十几本“内部发行”之后,主其事的林默涵找人文社总编韦君宜商量,建议统一采用不显眼的土黄色作封面,人文社照办。后来文化界、读书界袭用“黄皮书”专指60-70年代翻译的“内部发行”的外国文学书(不过70年代始见白皮、灰麻麻的纸作封)。它前期由人民文学出版社负责,上海方面偶尔参与,具体由人文社的副牌“作家出版社”、“中国戏剧出版社”充任出版者;后期上海方面参与程度高,与人文社共同负责。“黄皮书”仅是皮书系列内的一大类,类似的还有“灰皮书”,译著更多。“灰皮书”指内部翻译的“修正主义”和欧美历史、传记、政治、理论等社科著作,由人民出版社负责,商务、中央编译局、世界知识出版社参与其事,当时人民社的副牌“三联”亦参与。 出版界资深文化人陈原先生这样描述非常时期的这两类书[2]: 六十年代初,反修的热浪席卷全国,出版了两套很别致的所谓修正主义的“反面教材”:一套用灰色纸作封面封底,习惯上称之为“灰皮书”,一套用黄色纸作封面封底,叫“黄皮书”。灰皮书收录社会科学论著,包括考茨基、托洛茨基、布哈林、赫鲁晓夫等人的著述或评传;黄皮书则收录所谓“修正主义”文学作品。 承担“灰皮书”部分任务的原商务负责人陈翰伯先生曾经在文革中一份交代材料里谈及这个任务的缘起:“1961年底或1962年初钓鱼台反修小组,康生同志通过包之静要几 收稿日期:2010-01-15 *基金项目:本文是广东省“211工程”三期建设项目《人文学中心建设—比较视野 的文学通化研究》子课题“20世纪下半叶中国文学家翻译群体研究”(项目编号:GDUFS211-2-002)的研究成果。 作者简介:王友贵,男,四川成都人,博士,广东外语外贸大学英文学院教授,博士生导师;研究方向:英 国文学,中国20世纪翻译文学史,翻译史,文学翻译。

大数据时代英语演讲

Hello, everyone. As we all know, we are now living at the age ofbig data, which leads a revolution that transforms how we think. But many people have half know of big data, they haven’t adopted to the tremendous change. So today I’d like to talk about the three peculiarities of big data. I will be very glad if my speech could help you. Firstly, all samples rather than sampling analysis. With the development of technology, we are able to process massive data, from which we can get more reliable result than through sampling analysis. So we can give up sampling analysis in most cases. Secondly, efficiency rather than accuracy. At the age of big data, we concern more on efficiency rather than accuracy. In other words, we should allow faults to improve efficiency. Comparing with massive data, some faults do not influence the final result. Thirdly, correlation is as important as causality. We can’t deny the importance of causality ,but sometimes it is difficult or unnecessary to explore it. For example, the recommendation system of Amazon doesn’t know why the customer who likes Hemingway’s works is likely to buy Fitzgerald’s works, it just recommends and helps Amazon sell more than 100 times books than before Amazon using it. From this example, we can conclude that correlation plays an important role at the age of big data,so please don’t overlook it.

新时代英语传统文化翻译

英语翻译 Unit 1Book 3. 中国传统节日以中国的农历为依据。农历年的岁首称为春 节,俗称“过年”,有祈年等多种习俗,是中国人民最隆重的传统节日, 象征团结兴旺。其他主要的节日有元宵节、清明节、端午节、七夕节、 中秋节、重阳节、冬至节、腊八节等等。各个节日都有其来源讲究和风 俗习惯。农历节日与农历中的二十四节气不同。农历节日是中华民族凝 聚力和生命力的体现 Traditional Chinese festivals are usually fixed to the Lunar calendar. January 1st on the lu Seventh Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival, the Double- Ninth Festival, the Winter Solstice, and the Eight Day of the Twelfth Lunar Month, etc. Ea Lunar calendar. They embody China's cohesion and vitality. Unit 3Book3. 中国古代四大艺术“琴棋书画” 的画特指国画。其绘画形式 是用毛笔蘸水、墨、颜料作画于绢、帛、宣纸之上,古代称之为水墨丹 青。为区别于西方的油画而称之为“中国画”,简称“国画”。其题材有人 物、山水、花鸟等。技法可分为工笔和写意。国画的艺术特质在于“笔 墨”,强调以形写神,画尽意在。国画在艺术创作上反映了中化民族的 审美意识和情趣。 The four art forms in ancient China are guqin, chess, penmanship, and painting. And paint painting.” In order to distinguish it from Western oil-paintings, the Chinese people term their works “traditional Chinese painting” ( hand brushwork. The artistic characteristics lie in “the writing brush and ink.” Chinese pai 5. 中国石窟 中国石窟组要反映的是佛教文化艺术。敦煌莫高窟、大同云冈石窟、洛 阳龙门石窟、天水麦积山石窟,号称中国四大石窟艺术景观。佛教石窟 随山雕凿、彩绘,形象生动自然,将崇尚美与世俗情融为一体,把天然 造化与人工创造有机结合,是由建筑、绘画、雕塑等组成的博大精深、 绚丽夺目的综合艺术殿堂。其艺术成就为世界瞩目,已成为重要的世界 文化遗产。 Chinese Grottoes Chinese grottoes mainly reflect the art of Buddhist culture. In China, there are four major art landscape of grottoes:the Mogao Grottoes at Dunhuang, the Yungang Grottoes at Datong, the Longmen Grottoes at Luoyang, and the Maijishan Grottoes at Tianshui. Carved and painted on mountains, the Buddhist grottoes mingle both sublimity and secular feelings together, presenting us a vivid and natural appearance. They embody the systematic combination of both the exceptional artistry of great nature and the extremely fine craftsmanship of mankind. The Chinese Buddhist Grottoes are regarded

(完整版)翻译中的语序调整

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The Marriage Law prescribes that both the male and the female applicants shallgo to the marriage registration authority in person to get registered. If the application conforms to the provisions of the Marriage Law, the applicants shall be registered and issued the marriage certificate.Marriage relationship will be established once the marriage certificate is issued. Printed by the Department of Civil Affairs of Shanghai 3 / 3

大数据时代英文翻译

Era of Big Data is a woman's age; women in the gene can accumulate and deal with big data/ women are born to accumulate and deal with big data. Many men and children, in fact, have been wondering about this special ability of women. Like, as a child, just as soon as you entered the house your Mother said immediately in a suspicious tone: “Liu zhijun, you didn’t do well in the exam today, did you.” Another example, you just have a glance at the mobile phone, your wife laughs: “Does Er gou the next door ask you to play games?” One more ex ample, when you close the door and make a phone call, your girlfriend will cry: “Who are shot in bed?” They are sometimes right, sometimes wrong. However, On the whole, the accuracy rate is higher than chance level. When they are wrong, men would sneer women always give way to foolish fancies; when they are right, men would say women are sensitive animal maybe with more acute sensory organs. Anyway, that is a guess. It has already scared man that overall accuracy rate is higher than the random level. In order to adapt to this point, the male also developed a very strong skills against reconnaissance. This part is beyond the scope of this article, so no more details about it. Some studies, such as Hanna Holmes’s paper, have indi cated that the white matter of the female’s brain is higher than that of the male. So they have very strong imagination of connecting things together. Some recent studies have shown that women are better than men in the "date" memory. That is the reason why they are able to remember all the birthdays, anniversaries, and even some of the great day of unimportant friends. No matter whether these results are true or not, I am afraid that this is not women's most outstanding ability. Women's most remarkable ability is a long-term tracking of some seemingly unimportant data to form their own baseline and pattern. Once the patterns of these data points are significantly different from the baseline she is familiar with, she knows something unusual. In their daily life, women do not consider the difference between causality and correlation. They believe in the principle: "There must be something wrong out of something unusual." People who talk about big data often take Lin Biao as an example. Lin Biao recorded some detailed and unimportant data after a battle. Such as seized guns, the proportion of rifles and pistols, the age levels of war prisoners, seized grain, whether they are sorghum or millet, etc., all of which were unavoidably recorded in the book. Others laughed at him. But later, he determined where the enemy headquarters were according to these data. What women do is almost the same. A girl A has a secret crush on boy B, but she usually doesn’t contact him directly. Two days later, I asked her if she wanted to ask him to have dinner together. She said he was playing. I wondered “how do you know that?” She said that boy B usually is on the line Gmail at 8:00 am, away status at8:30am, for he goes out to buy coffee and breakfast, on line again at 9:00am, busy status, for he is at work, away again at12:30am for lunch, on line for whole evenings, maybe for reading or playing games. His buddy C is on line at10:00 am, still online till 2:00am next day. He is a boy who gets up late and stays up late. His buddy D is on line for the most of the day. However, the most important pattern is that there are 2-3 days per week, during which they would be offline or away for 3-4 hours together. Conclusion: they are playing together.

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