任务型阅读专练 (2)

高三任务型阅读专练

Don’t talk to strangers. This is a social norm we stick to when commuting（通勤）by bus or train, or travelling by air. But new research suggests people are deeply wrong about the misery of striking up conversations with strangers.

Contrary to expectations, people are happier after a conversation with a stranger, the study revealed. The study was carried out by a team led by Nicholas Epley, a professor of behavioral science at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business.

For the research, Epley and his team approached train riders in Chicago. In return for a $5 Starbucks gift card, they agreed to participate in a simple experiment during their train ride. One group was asked to talk to the stranger sitting next to them on the train that morning. The other was told to follow standard commuter norms and keep to themselves. “Everyone seems happier and has a more pleasant interaction when they connect than sit alone,” Epley said. Perhaps even more surprising is that their conversation partners seemed to welcome the connection, too. “Nobody was rejected in any of our studies, as far as I can tell,” Epley said.

One of the reasons we can actually gain positive experiences from interacting with strangers is that we tend to put on our happy face an d reserve our “bad-tempered side for the people we know and love,” explained Epley. Most people act more cheerfully around someone they have just met than around their own friends or family members. So don’t be afraid of annoying people by entering their personal space---reaching out to strangers may improve their day, too.

Then how to start a conversation with a stranger successfully? We may get some inspiration from Brandon Stanton. He has made it a habit of approaching people on the streets of New York City and asking them for a photograph and a chat. He has managed to get thousands of complete strangers to open up to him with personal stories of their friendships, struggles, fears, loves, and losses.

A piece of important advice is that reaching out to strangers is all about the energy. Stanton says he realized that “after repeated attempts, it had nothing to do with the words I was saying. It’s all about the energy that you’ re giving off.”Be calm and try to “turn the atmosphere of f ear, strangeness and uncomfortableness into an atmosphere of intimacy(熟悉).”

When starting a conversation, keep it simple. An opening line as simple as “I like your hat” can lead to a pleasant conversation. “Other people are people, too,” he said: “And it turns out, they’d like to get to know you.”

Try beginning with an experience that you and the stranger are both experiencing together. Breaking the ice is easier when you can create a connection with the stranger.

And don’t be afraid of rejection. Confidence can’t be taught in a classroom, Stanton says. You have to earn it. So practice, practice and practice. Challenge yourself to talk to one stranger a day, every day, for 30 days. If you’re walking past someone on the sidewalk, say “Hi”. Even if he or she doesn’t stop for a chat, your job is done for that day. This exercise will help you get used to talking to people

you don’t know and form the habit of being more social.

（一）

71. miserable 72. Findings/ Results/ Conclusion(s) 73. spirits/ mood

74. subjects/ participants 75. reward 76. willing/ ready 77. company/ presence

78. focusing 79. Simplify 80. social/ communication/ communicating/ communicative

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