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江苏专转本高分常用词汇

江苏专转本高分常用词汇
江苏专转本高分常用词汇

词汇部分1江苏专转本高分常用词汇

bolish vt.①废除(法律、习惯等)②取消

abundance n.丰富,充裕

accommodate vt.①向…提供住处(或膳宿)②容纳③使适应

adjacent adj.毗连的,接近的,临近的

aggravate vt.①加重,使恶化②激怒,使恼火

alienate vt.与…疏远,离间

allocate vt.①分配,配给②把(物质资金等)划归,把…拨给

arrogant adj.傲慢的,自负的

ascertain vt.查明,弄清

assault n.(武力或头上的)攻击,袭击‖vt.突击,攻击/vi.动武

betray vt.①背叛,出卖②辜负③泄漏,暴露

bias n.①(成衣等的)斜线②偏见,癖好‖adj.& adv.斜‖vt.(常用被动语态)使有偏见,使有倾向性

blink u.眨眼睛,眯着眼睛看

bonus n.①额外津贴②奖金③红利

bribe n.①贿赂②行贿物‖vt.向…行贿,收买

brittle adj.①易碎的,脆弱的②易爆的③易损坏的,不永久的④(声音等)尖利的⑤冷淡的

browse v.浏览,翻阅(书刊)

capsule n.①(医)囊,胶囊②(植)蒴果,孢蒴③(空)气密小座舱,容器,特封壳

cardinal adj.①基本的,根本的②深红色的‖n.①红衣主教②深红色

cater vi.①供应伙食,提供娱乐节目②迎合,投合

census n.①人口调查,人口普查②(人口调查得来的)统计数字‖vt.调查(地区等)的人口数字,统计…的数字

chaos n.混乱,无秩序

circulation n.①(货币、消息等的)流通,传播②(报刊等)发行③(血液等)循环,(空气等)流通

clone n.克隆,无性繁殖‖vt.克隆(动物)

cluster n.(果实、花等的)串,族;(人或物的)群,组‖vi.丛生;群集cognitive adj.认知的,识识的

coincidence n.①巧合,巧事②(意见、爱好、利益等的)一致,符合compact adj.紧凑的,不巧的,袖珍的‖vt.使…压实(塞紧),使坚实,使…紧密结合

compile vt.汇编,编制,编纂

conception n.①思想,观念,概念②构想,设想③怀孕

cylinder n.①圆柱体,圆筒②汔缸,泵体

decree n.法令,政令‖vt.颁布(法令)

degenerate vi.衰退,堕落,蜕化‖adj.堕落的‖n.堕落者

deputy n.①副职,副手②代表,代理人

dignity n.①(举止、态度等的)庄严,端庄②尊贵,高贵

discriminate vi.①区别,辨别②有差别对待,歧视

divert vt.①使转向,使改道②转移③转移…的注意力

domain n.①(活动、思想等)领域,范围②领地,势力范围

duplicate vt.①复制,复写,复印②重复‖n.完全一样的东西,复制品‖adj.完全一样的,复制的

eclipse n.①(日、月)蚀②(地位、声誉等的)消失,黯然失色‖vt.使暗淡,使失色,使…相形见绌

empirical adj.①经验主义的,凭经验的②经验的,来自经验的

enterprise n.①企业,公司②(艰巨或带冒险性的)事业,计划③事业心,迸取心

episode n.①(许多事件中的)一个事件②(戏剧、小说等中的)插曲,情节;(连载小说中的)一工了;(连续剧的)一集

escort n.①护卫者,护送者②护送,护卫,伴随‖vt.护,护送exceptional adj.①优秀的,卓越的②例外的,独特的,罕见的,异常的execution n.①死刑,处决②(计划等的)实行,(命令、职务等的)执行expire vi.①期满,到期②断气,死亡

facilitate v.使…易做,使…便利;促进,有助于

feeble adj.①(身体)虚弱的②(声音、力气、光线等)微弱的,无力的③无效的,无益的

fixture n.①(常复数)(房屋等的)固定装置②长期固定于某地(或某项工作)的人(或物)

flutter vi.①(旗子等)飘动,飘扬②拍翅,展翅而飞③(脉搏、心脏)快速跳动‖n.激动不安,紧张

fossil n.化石

frantic adj.①(因忿怒、痛苦或欢乐而)激动得发狂②狂暴的

furious adj.①勃然大怒的,大发雷霆的②强烈的,猛烈的

gigantic adj.巨大的,庞大的

glamour n.①魅力,诱惑力②迷人的美,妖艳‖vt.①迷惑,迷住②使有魅力‖adj.热门的

glitter vi.①(因反射而)闪闪发光②(眼睛)发亮,闪光‖n.①闪光,灿烂的光辉②(眼睛)发亮,闪光

grim adj.①残酷的,冷酷无情的②严厉的,严肃的③(口语)讨厌的,糟糕的handicap n.①(身体或智力上的)缺陷②妨碍,不利条件‖vt.妨碍,使不利hostage n.人质

hurl vt.①向…猛投,力掷②(向…)大声吐(恶言),大声嚷

ignite v.引燃,点火,着火/vt.激起,使激动

illuminate vt.①照明,照亮,使变亮②阐明

immerse adj.①使沉浸于,使陷入,使专心一地②沉浸

imperative adj.①必要的,迫切需要的必须服从的,命令式的‖n.必要的事,必须完成的事

implicit adj.①暗含的,暗示的②(in)内隐的,固的有③无疑问的,无保留的

indicative adj.表明,说明,象征的(常接of)

industrious adj.勤劳的,勤奋的

innovation n.①革新,创新改革,②新方法,新事物

inscribe vt.写,刻,题字

insulate vt.①使孤立,隔离②使绝缘,使隔热,使隔音

integrate v.使合而为一,使合并,使成一体(with ,into)

intensify v.加剧,加强,加紧

intersection n.交叉(点),道路交叉口,十字路口。

irrespective adj.不管,不论,不顾

justification n.正当的理由,借口,辩白

latitude n.①纬度②(复数)(从纬度来看的)地方③(行动、思想的)自由范围,自由

legitimate adj.①合理的,正当的②合法的,法律认可的‖vt.使…合法linear adj.①线的,成一直线的②构线的,利用线的③线性的

lounge n.(饭店、俱乐部等的)休息室,会客厅‖vt.①,懒洋洋地靠着(躺着)②闲逛,闲荡

lubricate vt.使润滑,上润滑油

magistrate n.①地方行政官,执法官②地方法官,治安官

manuscript n.手稿,原稿

masculine adj.①男性的②男子气概的,勇敢的

melody n.旋律,曲调

merge v.(使)合并,(使)并人

migrate vi.①(w )移居;迁居②(动物)(应季节定期性的)迁移,移栖minimize(-ise)vt.①使降至最低,使减至最小②对…作最低估计,低估,小看

missionary n.传教士‖adj.布道的,传教的

mortal adj.①终有一死的②生命攸关的,致命的③至死方休的,不共载天的‖n.(常pl.)(终有一死的)人,凡人

multitude n.①人群,群众②(用the multitude)大众,民众

nasty adj.①令人不快的,讨厌的②难弄的,困难的③严重的,危险的,威胁的

negotiate vt.①谈判达成,洽谈,议定②安全通过,越过(障碍等)/vi.(与

人就…)交涉,协商,谈判

notify vt.(正式)通知,报告(of)

notorious adj.臭名照著的,声名狼藉的(for)

nutrition n.营养

nurture n.①养育,教育,教养②食物,营养物‖vt.养育,教育…,培养…obsolete adj.过时的,作废的

词汇部分2:专转本英语词汇必备“形相近意相远”

大学英语考试中有一种出题原则叫“形相近意相远”题出题原则,言下之意就是把两个或两个以上长得及其相似的单词放在一起让考生去辨认。这些单词词形虽然相近,但是意思却大相径庭,很多考生在考试中那种紧张的状态之下很难准确地讲正确的单词识别出来。这种出题原则,目的并不是为了要“刁难”大家,目的就是要考察同学们对单词基本功掌握的扎实程度。为了便于同学们复习,我把考试中常考的一些“形相近意相远”的单词总结出来,发布在这里,供大家参考。也欢迎大家及时提供一些新的词汇。

abroad adv.到国外aboard adv./prep.上(船,飞机)

adapt v.适应;编辑adopt v.收养;采纳adept a.娴熟的

affect v.影响, 假装effect n.结果, 影响

allusion n.暗示illusion n.幻觉delusion n.错觉elusion n.逃避

altar n.祭坛alter v.改变

amend v.改正, 修正emend n.校正

amoral a.与道德无关的unmoral adj.与immoral 同义不道德的angel n.天使angle n.角(度)

assent v.同意ascent n.上升accent n.口音

assure v.保证ensure v.使确定insure n.保险

aural adj.耳的oral adj.口头的

baron n.男爵barren adj.贫瘠的,不毛之地的barn n.古仓

beam n.梁;光束bean n.豆been v. have 过去式

champion n.冠军champagne n.香槟酒campaign n.战役chicken n.鸡kitchen n.厨房

chore n.家务活chord n.和弦cord n.细绳

cite v.引用site n.场所sight n.视觉

clash n.(金属的)幢击声;冲突crash v.碰幢,坠落crush v.压坏commerce n.商业commence v.开始

compliment n.赞美complement n.附加物

confirm v.确认conform v.使顺从

contact v./n.接触contract n.合同contrast v./n.对照

contend v.奋斗, 斗争content n.内容adj.满足的

context n.上下文contest n./v.竞争, 比赛

continual adj.断断续续的continuous adj.连续不断的

costume n.服装custom n.习惯

council n.议会counsel v./n.忠告consul n.领事

crow n.乌鸦crown n.王冠clown n.小丑cow n.牛

dairy n.牛奶厂diary n.日记

decent adj.正经的descent n.下降;血统,祖籍descend v. 向下dessert n.甜食desert n.沙漠v.放弃dissert v.写论文

dose n.一剂药doze v.打盹

drawn v. draw的过去分词drown v.溺水

drought n.天旱draught n.通风, 拖拉draughts n.(英)国际跳棋emigrant n.移民到国外immigrant n.从某国来的移民

except v.除外expect v.期望accept v.接受

excerpt n.摘录,节录exempt v.免除

excess n. 超过exceed v.超过excel v.擅长

expand v.扩张expend v.花费extend v.延长

expect v.期望respect v.尊敬aspect n.方面

inspect v.视察suspect v.怀疑

extensive adj.广泛的intensive adj.深刻的

floor n.地板flour n.面粉

glide v.滑翔slide v.使滑行slip v.跌落

hotel n.旅店hostel n.青年旅社

immoral n.不道德的immortal n.不朽的

implicit adj.含蓄的explicit adj.明白的

incident n.事件accident n.意外

inspiration n.灵感aspiration n.渴望

later adv.后来latter n.后者latest adj.最近的,最新的lately adv. 最近

latitude n.纬度altitude n.高度gratitude n.感激

lone adj.孤独的alone adj.单独的lonely adj.寂寞的

loose adj.松的lose v.丢失loss n.损失lost v. lose过去式march n.三月, 前进match n.比赛

monkey n.猴子donkey n.驴

mortal adj.致命的metal n.金属mental adj.神经的

medal n.勋章model n.模特meddle v.干涉;玩弄

pat v./n.轻拍tap v.轻打slap v.(用掌)击;拍rap v.敲,打patent n.专利potent adj.有力的potential adj.潜在的police n.警察policy n.政策politics n.政治

pray v.祈祷prey n.猎物

precede v.领先proceed v.进行,继续

principal n.校长adj.主要的principle n.原则

prospect n.前景perspective n.透视法

protest n./v.抗议protect v.保护

purpose n.目的suppose v.假设propose v.建议

quite adv.相当十分quiet adj.安静的;平静的;n.安静,寂静require v.需要inquire v.询问enquire v.询问acquire v.获得revenge v.报仇avenge v.为...报仇

scare v./n.惊吓scarce adj.缺乏的

stationery n.文具stationary adj.固定的

steal v.偷steel n.钢

story n.故事storey n.楼层store n.商店

strike v.打stick v.坚持strict adj.严格的

strive v.努力stride v.大步走

sweet adj.甜的sweat n.汗水

through prep.通过thorough adj.彻底的

though conj.尽管thought v.think 过去分词

wonder v./n.惊讶,惊奇wander v.漫游,闲逛;走神,精神恍惚

写作部分1专转本考试英语写作的基本原则

强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。

二、主题句原则

国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事!

特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的!

To begin with,you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主题句)。Without sufficient preparation,you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.

三、一二三原则

领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… 如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。

1)first,second,third,last(不推荐,原因:俗)

2)firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally(不推荐,原因:俗)

3)the first,the second,the third,the last(不推荐,原因:俗)4)in the first place,in the second place,in the third place,lastly (不推荐,原因:俗)

5)to begin with,then,furthermore,finally(强烈推荐)

6)to start with,next,in addition,finally(强烈推荐)

7)first and foremost,besides,last but not least(强烈推荐)8)most important of all,moreover,finally

9)on the one hand,on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)

10)for one thing,for another thing(适用于两点的情况)

建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!

四、短语优先原则

写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如:

I cannot bear it.

可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it.

I want it.

可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it.

这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。

五、多实少虚原则

原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous,

humorous,interesting,smart,gentle,warm-hearted,hospital 之类的形象词。再比如:

走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room

但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room

小姐走出房间应该说:sail out of the room

小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room

老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room

所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!

六、多变句式原则

1)加法(串联)

都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and,但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说:

I enjoy music and he is fond of playing guitar.

如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式:

Not only the fur coat is soft,but it is also warm.

其它的短语可以用:

besides,furthermore,likewise,moreover

2)转折(拐弯抹角)

批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。

The car was quite old,yet it was in excellent condition.

The coat was thin,but it was warm.

更多的短语:

despite that,still,however,nevertheless,in spite of,despite,notwithstanding

3)因果(so,so,so)

昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系!

The snow began to fall,so we went home.

更多短语:

then,therefore,consequently,accordingly,hence,as a result,

for this,reason,so that

4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重)

有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。

举例:This is what I can do.

Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.

同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分:

When to go,Why he goes away…

5)附加(多此一举)

如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。

The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.

I don…t enjoy that book you are reading.

Mr liu,our oral English teacher,is easy-going.

其实很简单,同位语——要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。

6)排比(排山倒海句)

文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的

话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势!

Whether your tastes are modern or traditional,sophisticated or simple,there is plenty in London for you.

Nowadays,energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil,coal,natural gas,solar heat,the wind and ocean tides. We have got to study hard,to enlarge our scope of knowledge,to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏)

要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!

七、挑战极限原则

既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀!

原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如:

The weather being fine,a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.

Africa is the second largest continent,its size being about three times that of China.

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不少专家指出,阅读准确率低、速度慢、理解能力弱是导致阅读难以提高的三大根本原因。

专转本要求英语词汇量大概5000个,很多学生阅读准确率低,是因为不少单词不认识。英语特级教师陈锡麟指出,英语阅读失分点之一是

单词量不够。单词是阅读理解的基础,没有一定的单词量阅读肯定成问题。拿到一篇文章十有八九是不认识的单词,阅读得分高不了。江苏

EDU教育机构英语卷命题深有研究的英语系韩教授补充说,不少学生学习能力较差,平时学一个单词就记一个单词,往往忽视该单词的多种解

释。学过的单词,一旦放在不同的语境中,经过上下文转意后,反而成了最熟悉的“拦路虎”。归跟结底,就是单词关没过。

其次,要求学生每分钟阅读60-70单词,不少学生阅读速度很慢,这就造成了英语阅读无法过关。阅读速度慢因其有不良的阅读习惯。不

少学生习惯出声阅读,往往借助于朗读,或者是小声读来看英语阅读篇章,阅读速度快不起来。有些学生则习惯在阅读时摆头。在阅读过程

中,他们会因为情绪紧张,或由于苦思苦索而不得其解,出现不自觉地头部摆动现象;但这种多余动作,不利于提高阅读速度。有些学生则喜

欢用手指指着读,但用手指指着读则无法增大识别间距,其结果必然严重影响阅读速度。还有些学生养成了复视的毛病,顺着一行字阅读时,

眼睛常常往回看。复视的出现,有时是由于学生遇到了一个生词或不太懂的短语,需要回过头来再看一眼,这是情有可原的。但如果过分依赖

复视,以致成为一种阅读习惯,那就势必大大影响阅读速度。改正这些不良阅读习惯,能使学生的阅读速度有显著提高。

再次,理解能力弱也是学生在中英语阅读中失分的重要原因。很多学生没看懂文章就瞎蒙。推测上下文揣摩词意是一种阅读技巧。但是阅

读技巧要用得好也是需要一定基础的。很多同学不管三七二十一,拿到题目后浮光掠影般看一遍,还没有完全理解句子含义、文章内涵就忙不

迭地去做题,结果可想而知。事实上,要提高答题的效率和正确性,考生应该力求理解文章的每个句子,在这样的基础上,适当的猜测,也就

是俗话所说的肚子里有墨水才去猜。此外,不少学生也很难看出句子、文章的言外之音。学生们常常无法在理解文章的基本意思的基础上,归

纳文章主题、推断文章大意,揣摩作者要表达的话中话。不少题目的每一个选项在文章中都出现过,但有些选项比较片面,只是概括了其中的

一段话。这就与考生语言能力息息相关,除了要有一定的词汇量,还要能熟练运用学过的语言知识,找出最合适的选项。

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