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although和but的区别

although和but的区别
although和but的区别

Can anyone help explain, in simple terms (ie. ones that foreign students will understand!), when you use 'but' and when it should be 'although'?

I know they are both used to show contrast and that 'but' is a coordinating conjunction and 'although' is a subordinating conjunction, but that's not exactly a "user friendly" explanation!

Take these two example sentences:

It was late, but she couldn't sleep.

She couldn't sleep, although it was late.

Why can't you say:

She couldn't sleep, but it was late. (It can't just because it "sounds wrong"; there must be a proper explanation!??!)

Any thoughts would be much appreciated!

Thanks.

Hi,

OK. Instead of a grammatical discussion, let me try to offer a simpler and more directly comparable pair of examples, together with a few comments.

He accepteded the job offer but the pay was low. 'But' here simply links to a contrast, you might say 'to a surprise'. It is left to the reader to try to figure out what the surprise is, what it means. The two ideas that are linked have equal importance. We don't know if he found out about the low pay before or after he took the job.

He accepted the job offer although the pay was low. The main idea is the most important one (ie he accepted the job.) 'Although' shows that the writer is expressing more of an opinion, he is introducing a fact that he thinks will make you think the first idea might not have 'worked', but he is also telling you that it did 'work'. In this example, he took the job despite the fact that the pay was low. The implication is that he knew about the low pay before he took the job. Having said all this, there are other subtleties here that are not appropriate for

discussion at a simple level. It's not a completely simple question.

Why can't you say:

She couldn't sleep, but it was late. You can say this. It's grammatical. You need an appropriate context, of course. eg She couldn't sleep, but it was late. She knew that if she got out of bed, it would wake up her husband.

I'm not sure how helpful this will be to you. Post again if you have further comments or queries.

Best wishes, Clive

but and although are both involved in what statements imply.

but removes (contradicts) an implication of a previous statement. (It's subtractive in nature.)

It was late.Implication: If it was late, like most people, she would be tired. If she was tired, she would be able to sleep. But: (unexpectedly, given the implications) She was not able to sleep.

So: It was late, but she couldn't sleep

is like: She should have been able to sleep, but she wasn't able to sleep.

although places the implication and the contradiction differently. The although clause gives the statement with the implication, and the main clause has the contradiction. Hence, Although it was late (which implies -- by the argument already outlined above -- that she should have been able to sleep), she couldn't sleep

is like: Although she should have been able to sleep, she wasn't able to sleep.

___________

Try giving your students two statements and have them connect them in both ways. At the beginning, you may want to discuss what the implications are and how they are being contradicted. (Make sure to select examples that illustrate the point -- no weird alternate uses of but or although!)

Start simple:

Henry was hungry. || He didn't eat.

Henry was hungry, but he didn't eat.

Although Henry was hungry, he didn't eat.

People eat if they are hungry.

And after 10 to 20 exercises of your own invention, get more complex:

The firefighter went in and saved the children. || It was dangerous to enter the burning building.

It was dangerous to enter the burning building, but the firefighter went in and saved the

children.

Although it was dangerous to enter the burning building, the firefighter went in and saved the children.

People don't go into dangerous places like burning buildings.

CJ

BUT用法

甘肃王曰福 but 一词既可作连词、介词、副词用,又有一些习惯搭配和固定用法,现对其用法作以下归纳。 一、用作连词 1. 用作等立连词,使其前后的词、短语、分句相互对照,作“但是,然而,可是”解。例如: She is young but very experienced. 她虽然年轻但经验丰富。 2. 用于表示歉意的话语之后,表示谢绝或不赞成。例如: I'm sorry, but I disagree with you. 对不起,我不同意你的意见。 3. 用于两个并列的分句之间,与前面的否定词形成对比,作“无……而不……”解。例如: It never rains but it pours. 不雨则已,一雨倾盆。 I never go past that house but I think of my miserable life in the old society. 我走过那所房子时,没有一次不想起我在旧社会所过的悲惨生活。 二、用作介词 1. 与 no , nobody , nothing , none , who 等词连用,作“除……之外”解,用来排除同类中的一分子,或从整体中除去一部分。例如: Nobody knew her but me. 除我以外,没有人认识她。 Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan. 这个计划只能带来灾难,别无益处。 2. but 前面有 do 的某种形式时, but 后面的动词不定式要省略 to ;其前没有 do 的某种形式时, but 后面的不定式要带 to 。例如: We had no choice but to wait. 除了等待,我们别无选择。 He did nothing all day long but watch TV. 一整天,他除了看电视,别无他事可做。

“的、地、得”的用法和区别

“的、地、得”的用法和区别 一、“的、地、得”的基本概念 1、“的、地、得”的相同之处。 “的、地、得”是现代汉语中高频度使用的三个结构助词,都起着连接作用;它们在普通话中都读轻声“de”,没有语音上的区别。 2、“的、地、得”的不同之处。 吕叔湘、朱德熙所著《语法修辞讲话》认为“的”兼职过多,负担过重,而力主“的、地、得”严格分工。50 年代以来的诸多现代汉语论著和教材,一般也持这一主张。从书面语中的使用情况看,“的”与“地”、“得”的分工日趋明确,特别是在逻辑性很强的论述性、说明性语言中,如法律条款、学术论著、外文译著、教科书等,更是将“的”与“地”、“得”分用。 “的、地、得”在普通话里都读轻声“de”,但在书面语中有必要写成三个不同的字:在定语后面写作“的”,在状语后面写作“地”,在补语前写作“得”。这样做的好处,就是可使书面语言精确化。 二、“的、地、得”的用法 (一)、用法 1、的——定语的标记,一般用在主语和宾语的前面。“的”前面的词语一般用来修饰、限制“的”后面的事物,说明“的”后面的事物怎么样。 结构形式一般为:形容词、名词(代词)+的+名词。如: ①颐和园(名词)的湖光山色(主语)美不胜收。 ②她是一位性格开朗的女子(名词,宾语)。 2、地——状语的标记,一般用在谓语(动词、形容词)前面。“地”前面的词语一般用来形容“地”后面的动作,说明“地”后面的动作怎么样。 结构方式一般为:形容词(副词)+地+动词(形容词)。如: ③她愉快(形容词)地接受(动词,谓语)了这件礼物。 ④天渐渐(时间副词)地冷(形容词,谓语)起来。 3、得——补语的标记,一般用在谓语后面。“得”后面的词语一般用来补充说明“得”前面的动作怎么样。 结构形式一般为:动词(形容词)+得+副词。如: ⑤他们玩(动词,谓语)得真痛快(补语)。 ⑥她红(形容词,谓语)得发紫(补语)。 (二)、例说 的,一般用在名词和形容词的后面,用在描述或限制人物、事物时,形容的词语与被形容的词语之间,表示一种描述的结果。如:“漂亮的衣服”、“辽阔的土地”、“高大的山脉”。结构一般为名词(代词或形容词)+的+名词。如,我的书、你的衣服、他的孩子,美丽的景色、动听的歌曲、灿烂的笑容。 地,用法简单些,用在描述或限制一种运动性质、状态时,形容的词语与被形容的词语之间。结构通常是形容词+地+动词。前面的词语一般用来形容后面的动作。一般“地”的后面只跟动词。比如高兴地跳、兴奋地叫喊、温和地说、“飞快地跑”;“匆匆地离开”;“慢慢地移动”......... 得,用在说明动作的情况或结果的程度时,说明的词语与被说明的词语之间,后面的词语一般用来补充和说明前面的情况。比如。跑得飞快、跳得很高、显得高雅、显得很壮、馋得直流口水、跑得快、飞得高、走得慢、红得很……得通常用在动词和形容词(动词之间)。结构为动词(或形容词)+得+形容词(动词或副词)。

as,though,although的比较

As, though, although的用法 1. 用作连词,表示让步(意为:虽然,尽管),要用于倒装句,且倒装后位于句首的名词通常不用冠词(等于though, 但语气 稍弱)。如: Child as [though] he was, he did quite well. 他虽是个孩子,但已干得很不错。 2. 用作关系代词,主要用法有二。如: (1) 用在such, same, as等之后,引导限制性定语从句。如: This is the same watch as I lost. 这块表跟我丢失的那块一样。 Such men as heard of him praised him. 听说过他的人都赞扬他。 (2) 单独用作关系代词,引导非限制性定语从句,可放在主句之前(常译为:正如)或之后(常译为:这一点),且主从句之间一般要用逗号隔开。如: He was absent, as is often the case. 他缺席了,这是常有的事。 As was expected, he succeeded at last. 正如我们所料,他终于成功了。 3. 用来表示目的,下面两种句子结构都可以。如: 仔细写以便把每句话都写清楚。 正:Write carefully so as to make every sentence clear.

4. 在正式文体(尤其是文学体裁)中,as后可用倒装语序表示“…也一样”这类意思(现代英语通常so表示这一用法)。如:He travelled a great deal, as did most of his friends. 他去过许多地方旅游,他的多数朋友也是一样。 注:用作连词,表示原因(参见because),表示时间(参见when)。 5. 用于as if as though, 意为“仿佛”、“似乎”。两者一般可通用(但注意不能说as although)。用法上注意几点: (1) as if [though] 可引导状语从句和表语从句,从句谓语根据语义的要求,可用陈述语气(若可能为事实)或虚拟语气(若为假设或不太可能是事实)。如: It looks as if it is going to rain. 天似乎要下雨了。 He talks as though he knew everything. 他夸夸其谈,好像无所不知。 When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken. 当把一支铅笔的一部分放在一杯水里时,它看起来好像折断了似的。 当主句谓语是过去时态时,从句谓语常可用陈述语气。如:He paused as though he found a difficulty. 他停了下来,似乎遇到了一个难题。 She felt as if she lost something. 他觉得似乎丢了什么东西。

But 用法小结

But 用法小结 but一词在英语教材中复现率极高,用法也颇为复杂,现总结如下: 一、conj. “但是”,“可是”,“而且” English may be hard,but it is the most important of all. 英语虽然很难,但却是最重要的。 注意:but 不能与although或though 连用,因为它们是连词,故不能同时出现在句子中,如: 虽然他是个孩子,但是却懂得很多。 Although he is only a child,but he knows a lot. (×) Although he is only a child,he knows a lot.(√) He is only a child,but he knows a lot.(√) 二、adv. (=only) “仅仅” “只是” I can’t tell you but one thing—my age. 我只有一件事不能告诉你,即我的年龄。 You have but choices—follow me or refuse me. 你只有两个选择,要么听我的,要么拒绝我。 三、prep.“除了”(多和不定代词连用) 1、接人称代词 They are all wrong but her/she.除了她以外,他们都错了。 * 用she时,but为连词。 2、接介词短语 You can put it anywhere but on the floor. 你就是不能把它放在地上。 You can find that kind of thing nowhere but in England. 这种东西只能在英国找到。 3、接形容词 Shelooks anything but well.(She looks ill.) 她看来是病了。 The park is all/anything but beautiful.这公园一点也不美。 4、接数词 I know them all but two. 他们当中我只有两个不认识的。 He lives in the next house but one.他住在隔壁的隔壁。 She lives in last house in the street but two.她住在这条街的倒数第三家。 * next but one/two 隔一/两个;第三/第四 Last but one/two 倒数第二/第三 5、接不定式 He wanted nothing but to stay here for another day.他只是想在这再呆一天。 I have no choice but to tell you the truth. 我只有告诉你实话。 There was nothing to do but (to) wait till help came. 只有等待救援了。 * 如果谓语动词为实意动词do的某种形式时,but 后的不定式要省略符号to. 如: I can do nothing but let him know. 我只能通知她。 They did nothing but complain. 他们只是抱怨。 6、接从句 Nothing would contend him but (that) I must come. 必须我来了他才能满意。

的、地、得的用法和区别

“的、地、得”的用法和区别 导入(进入美妙的世界啦~) “的、地、得”口诀儿歌 的地得,不一样,用法分别记心上, 左边白,右边勺,名词跟在后面跑。 美丽的花儿绽笑脸,青青的草儿弯下腰, 清清的河水向东流,蓝蓝的天上白云飘, 暖暖的风儿轻轻吹,绿绿的树叶把头摇, 小小的鱼儿水中游,红红的太阳当空照, 左边土,右边也,地字站在动词前, 认真地做操不马虎,专心地上课不大意, 大声地朗读不害羞,从容地走路不着急, 痛快地玩耍来放松,用心地思考解难题, 勤奋地学习要积极,辛勤地劳动花力气, 左边两人双人得,形容词前要用得, 兔子兔子跑得快,乌龟乌龟爬得慢, 青青竹子长得快,参天大树长得慢, 清晨锻炼起得早,加班加点睡得晚, 欢乐时光过得快,考试题目出得难。 知识典例(注意咯,下面可是黄金部分!) 的、地、得 “的”、“地”、“得”的用法区别本是中小学语文教学中最基本的常识,但在使用中也最容易发生混淆,再加上一段时间里,中学课本中曾将这三个词的用法统一为“的”,因此造成了很多人对它们的用法含混不清进而乱用一通的现象。

一、“的、地、得”的基本概念 1、“的、地、得”的相同之处。 “的、地、得”是现代汉语中高频度使用的三个结构助词,都起着连接作用;它们在普通话中都读轻声“de”,没有语音上的区别。 2、“的、地、得”的不同之处。 吕叔湘、朱德熙所著《语法修辞讲话》认为“的”兼职过多,负担过重,而力主“的、地、得”严格分工。50 年代以来的诸多现代汉语论著和教材,一般也持这一主张。从书面语中的使用情况看,“的”与“地”、“得”的分工日趋明确,特别是在逻辑性很强的论述性、说明性语言中,如法律条款、学术论著、外文译著、教科书等,更是将“的”与“地”、“得”分用。 “的、地、得”在普通话里都读轻声“de”,但在书面语中有必要写成三个不同的字:在定语后面写作“的”,在状语后面写作“地”,在补语前写作“得”。这样做的好处,就是可使书面语言精确化。 二、“的、地、得”的用法 1、的——定语的标记,一般用在主语和宾语的前面。“的”前面的词语一般用来修饰、限制“的”后面的事物,说明“的”后面的事物怎么样。结构形式一般为:形容词、名词(代词)+的+名词。如: ①颐和园(名词)的湖光山色(主语)美不胜收。 ②她是一位性格开朗的女子(名词,宾语)。 2、地——状语的标记,一般用在谓语(动词、形容词)前面。“地”前面的词语一般用来形容“地”后面的动作,说明“地”后面的动作怎么样。结构方式一般为:形容词(副词)+地+动词(形容词)。如: ③她愉快(形容词)地接受(动词,谓语)了这件礼物。 ④天渐渐(时间副词)地冷(形容词,谓语)起来。 3、得——补语的标记,一般用在谓语后面。“得”后面的词语一般用来补充说明“得”前面的动作怎么样,结构形式一般为:动词(形容词)+得+副词。如: ⑤他们玩(动词,谓语)得真痛快(补语)。

although与though的区别和用法

although与though的区别和用法 一、用作连词 表示虽然”两者大致同义,可换用,只是although比though更为正式: Though [Although] it was raining ,we went there.虽然下着雨,但我们还是去了那儿。 Though [Although] it was barely four o ' clock, the lights were 尽管才四点.钟,灯 已经亮了。 Though [Although] we are poor, we are still happy. 我们虽然穷,仍然很快活。 二、用作副词 although 一般不用作副词,而though可用作副词,且一般放在句末(不放在句首),意 为可是”、不过” It ' s hard work; I enjoy it though X作很辛苦,可是我乐意干。 He is look ing fit, though. 但他看起来很健康。 You can count on him, though. 不过你可以指靠他。 三、用于习语 在as though(好像,仿佛),even though(即使,纵然)等固定短语中不能用although : She closed her eyes as though she were tired.她闭上眼,仿佛很疲劳似的。 We felt as though we had wit nessed the whole thi ng. 我们感到仿佛目击了整个这件事似 的。 He is an honest man, I must say, even though I have opposed him. 尽管我反对过他,我还得说他是一个诚实的人。 She was always afraid of men, eve n though she had lots of boyfrie nds. 尽管她有很多男朋 友,她总是害怕男人。 四、用于倒装 though引导的让步状语从句可用部分倒装的形式(注意:倒装后位于句首的名词之前不 用冠词),但although 一般不这样用: Poor though I am, I can afford it.我虽穷,但这东西还是买得起的。 Child though he was, he did quite well.他虽是孩子,但干得很好。 五、though 放在句尾相当于however, nevertheless

“的、地、得”的用法和区别

的、地、得的用法和区别 的、地、得的用法和区别老班教育 一、的、地、得的基本概念 1、的、地、得的相同之处。 的、地、得是现代汉语中高频度使用的三个结构助词,都起着连接作用;它们在普通话中都读轻声de,没有语音上的区别。 2、的、地、得的不同之处。 吕叔湘、朱德熙所著《语法修辞讲话》认为的兼职过多,负担过重,而力主的、地、得严格分工。50 年代以来的诸多现代汉语论著和教材,一般也持这一主张。从书面语中的使用情况看,的与地、得的分工日趋明确,特别是在逻辑性很强的论述性、说明性语言中,如法律条款、学术论著、外文译著、教科书等,更是将的与地、得分用。 的、地、得在普通话里都读轻声de,但在书面语中有必要写成三个不同的字:在定语后面写作的,在状语后面写作地,在补语前写作得。这样做的好处,就是可使书面语言精确化。 二、的、地、得的用法 (一)、用法 1、的——定语的标记,一般用在主语和宾语的前面。的前面的词语一般用来修饰、限制的后面的事物,说明的后面的事物怎么样。 结构形式一般为:形容词、名词(代词)+的+名词。如: 颐和园(名词)的湖光山色(主语)美不胜收。 她是一位性格开朗的女子(名词,宾语)。 2、地——状语的标记,一般用在谓语(动词、形容词)前面。地前面的词语一般用来形容地后面的动作,说明地后面的动作怎么样。 结构方式一般为:形容词(副词)+地+动词(形容词)。如: 她愉快(形容词)地接受(动词,谓语)了这件礼物。 天渐渐(时间副词)地冷(形容词,谓语)起来。 3、得——补语的标记,一般用在谓语后面。得后面的词语一般用来补充说明得前面的动作怎么样。 结构形式一般为:动词(形容词)+得+副词。如: 他们玩(动词,谓语)得真痛快(补语)。 她红(形容词,谓语)得发紫(补语)。 (二)、例说 的,一般用在名词和形容词的后面,用在描述或限制人物、事物时,形容的词语与被形容的词语之间,表示一种描述的结果。如:漂亮的衣服、辽阔的土地、高大的山脉。结构一般为名词(代词或形容词)+的+名词。如,我的书、你的衣服、他的孩子,美丽的景色、动听的歌曲、灿烂的笑容。 地,用法简单些,用在描述或限制一种运动性质、状态时,形容的词语与被形容的词语之间。结构通常是形容词+地+动词。前面的词语一般用来形容后面的动作。一般地的后面只跟动词。比如高兴地跳、兴奋地叫喊、温和地说、飞快地跑;匆匆地离开;慢慢地移动......... 得,用在说明动作的情况或结果的程度时,说明的词语与被说明的词语之间,后面的词语一般用来补充和说明前面的情况。比如。跑得飞快、跳得很高、显得高雅、显得很壮、馋得直流口水、跑得快、飞得高、走得慢、红得很……得通常用在动词和形容词(动词之间)。

though,although用法详解

though,although引导让步状语从句时,后面的主句不能有but,however,但是可与yet,still 连用。 1. although和though同义,在一般情况下,可以互换使用。只是though较普遍,常用于非正式的口语或书面语中,而although则较为正式。另外although语气比though重,常用以强调让步概念。 e.g. Though/Although my car is very old, I don't want to buy a new one. 同义句:My car is very old, but I don't want to buy a new one. 虽然我的汽车很旧,但我不想买一辆新的。 2. even能和though组合表示强调,但even不能和although组合。因此,不能说even although,在这里even though=even if(no matter if; though即使……也……) e.g. Even if/Even though we could afford it, we wouldn't go abroad for our vocation. 即使我们付得起这笔钱,也不出国度假。 3. 当让步状语从句指某种假设情况时,通常用though,而不用although。 e.g. Though all the world were against me, I should still hold to my opinion. 就算全世界都反对我,我还是坚持我的立场。 4. though可以独立用作副词,常放在句末,意为all the same (还是;仍然)或however(可是;然而),而although无此用法。 e.g. She didn't tell me what she had done, but I know it though. 她没有告诉我她所做的事情,但我还是知道了。 5. although和though引导让步状语从句时,常采用省略形式。 e.g. Although tired (=Although he was tired), he kept on working. 虽然很疲劳,但他继续工作。 该文章转载自无忧考网:https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8a1094541.html,

though与although

区别 ① although和though同义,在一般情况下,可以互换使用。只是though较普遍,常用于非正式的口语或书面语中,而although 则较为正式。另外although语气比though重,常用以强调让步概念。 Though/Although my car is very old, I don't want to buy a new one.虽然我的汽车很旧,但我不想买一辆新的。 He insisted on doing it although I warned him not to.虽然我警告他不要做,但他仍然坚持要做。 ② even能和though组合表示强调,但even不能和although组合。因此,不能说even although,在这里even though=even if(no matter if; though即使……也……) Even if/Even though we could afford it, we wouldn't go abroad for our vocation.即使我们付得起这笔钱,也不出国度假。 ③当让步状语从句指某种假设情况时,通常用though,而不用although。 Though all the world were against me, I should still hold to my opinion.就算全世界都反对我,我还是坚持我的立场。 Though everybody deserts you, I will not.即使所有人都抛弃你,我也不会的。 ④ though可以独立用作副词,常放在句末,意为all the same (还是;仍然)或however(可是;然而),而although无此用法。 She didn't tell me what she had done, but I know it though.她没有告诉我她所做的事情,但我还是知道了。 It's hard work. I enjoy it, though.工作很苦,可是我喜欢。 ⑤ though引导让步状语从句时可以倒装,而although从句则不能。 Bravely though they fought, they had no chance of winning.虽然他们打得很勇敢,但还是没有机会获胜。 相同点: ①在although和though 引导的让步状语从句中,主句里不可用but,若要强调前后两部分的对比意义,可在主句前加yet 或still。 Although/Though he has a lot of money, yet/still he is unhappy.他虽然有很多钱,但并不幸福。 ② although和though引导让步状语从句时,常采用省略形式。 Although tired (=Although he was tired), he kept on working.虽然很疲劳,但他继续工作。 The problem, though complicated(=though it is complicated), can be solved without much difficulty.这个问题虽然复杂,但解决起来不会有很大困难。 as, though, although引导的让步状语从句。 [注意]although位于句首;though位于句首或句中;as位于句中=though。它的词序是把句中强调的形容词、副词、动词或名词放在连词前。[参考倒装结构] 请注意下列句式的变化: [例句] 1. Although/Though I’m young, I already know what career I want to follow. →Young as/though I am, I already know what career I want to follow.我虽然年轻,但我已经明白我应该追随什么样的事业。 2. Although/Though I respect him very much, I cannot agree with his idea. →Much as/though I respect him, I cannot agree with his idea. 虽然我很尊重他,但是我不同意他的观点。 3. Although/Though he is a child, he knows a lot of Chinese characters. →Child(省略冠词)as/though he is, he knows a lot of Chinese characters. 他虽然还是个孩子,却认识了许多汉字。

but 的用法

but 的用法 甘肃王曰福 but 一词既可作连词、介词、副词用,又有一些习惯搭配和固定用法,现对其用法作以下归纳。 一、用作连词 1. 用作等立连词,使其前后的词、短语、分句相互对照,作“但是,然而,可是”解。例如: She is young but very experienced. 她虽然年轻但经验丰富。 2. 用于表示歉意的话语之后,表示谢绝或不赞成。例如: I'm sorry, but I disagree with you. 对不起,我不同意你的意见。 3. 用于两个并列的分句之间,与前面的否定词形成对比,作“无……而不……”解。例如: It never rains but it pours. 不雨则已,一雨倾盆。 I never go past that house but I think of my miserable life in the old society. 我走过那所房子时,没有一次不想起我在旧社会所过的悲惨生活。 二、用作介词 1. 与 no , nobody , nothing , none , who 等词连用,作“除……之外”解,用来排除同类中的一分子,或从整体中除去一部分。例如: Nobody knew her but me. 除我以外,没有人认识她。 Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan. 这个计划只能带来灾难,别无益处。 2. but 前面有 do 的某种形式时, but 后面的动词不定式要省略 to ;其前没有 do 的某种形式时, but 后面的不定式要带 to 。例如: We had no choice but to wait. 除了等待,我们别无选择。 He did nothing all day long but watch TV.

的地得的用法和区分

《“的、地、得”的用法》语文微课教案 一、教学背景 在语言文字规范化大背景下,帮助学生解决应用“的地得”的疑惑与困难。 二、设计思路 针对学生对于“的地得”的误用与忽视展开教学,规范结构助词“的地得”的使用。按照“问题的提出、问题的分析、问题的解决”的思路展开教学,总结归纳优化的方式方法。 三、教学目标 1、知道“怎么样的什么、怎么样地干什么、干得怎么样”三种固定搭配。 2、掌握“的、地、得”的区别与联系。 3、运用小儿歌“动前土、名前白、行动后面双人来”的口诀帮助正确使用“的、地、得”。 四、教学重难点 1、知道“的、地、得”的区别。 2、在实际情境中正确运用“的、地、得”。 五、教学时间 8分钟微课堂 六、教学适用对象 义务教育九年制内的学生 七、教学准备

多媒体课件、录屏软件 八、教学设计与过程 开场白: 同学们好!今天我们一起来学习“的、地、得”的正确用法。首先我们来了解一下它们的区别。 1、相同之处:原来它们都是念轻声“de”,都是结构助词,起连接作用。 2、不同之处:在书面语中要写成三个不同的字,而且它们的搭配及用法也各不相同。 (1)怎么样的什么 (2)怎样样地干什么 (3)干得怎么样 下面我们就来学习一下它们的正确用法。 白勺“的”的结构是用“形容词或名词或代词+的+名词”来表示,而我们最常见,用得最多的还是“形容词+的+名词”的结构。 而土也“地”的用法可以用“形容词+地+动词”的结构来表示。 双人“得”是用“动词+得+形容词”的结构来表示 3、练习巩固 (1)形近区分 静静(的)河面静静(地)写字欢乐(的)山谷

欢乐(地)歌唱满意(地)点头满意(的)作品 (2)类别区分 1)跑(得)飞快飞快(地)跑 2)愉快(的)旅行旅行(得)愉快 3)强烈(的)渴望强烈(地)渴望 (3)综合杂糅 小雏鹰飞到大树的上方,高兴地喊起来:“我真的会飞啦!而且飞(得)很高呢!” 小结:能填对这个句子的你肯定就已经学会它们的用法了! 4、特殊情况 质疑:假如遇到特殊情况怎么办呢? 我从书包里拿出书交给她们,她们高兴得.围着我跳起舞来。(出自二年级上册《日记两则》) (1)质疑:为什么这里要使用“得”呢? (2)释疑:原来这里强调的是心情,动词在后,形容词在前,相当于后置,“得”修饰“跳舞”而非“围”。现在你明白了吧? 5、小结归纳: 怎么样,你们学会了吗?为了让同学们能够更快的记住它们的用法,老师送给大家一首口诀来帮助你们熟记三个“的”的正确使用方法:动前土、名前白、行动后面双人来。

though,although的区别

1.although较正式,语气强;though较常用。现代英语中两者可随意换用。如: Though he was tired, he went on working. =Although he was tired, he went on working. 2.although和though引导的从句放在主句前后均可,有时还可放在句中。如: He often helps me with my English (al)though he is quite busy. 尽管他相当忙,但是还常常帮我学英语。 Although many difficulties are still ahead, we are determined to make greater achievements. 尽管在前面的道路上还有许多困难,但是,我们决心要取得更大的成就。 3.although/though引导的从句不能与but/however连用,但可与yet/still 连用。不能说:Though he was old, but he worked hard. 应把but去掉。 当然,保留but而去Though也可。 4.though有时指假设的情况,不指事实,从句用虚拟语气;although不能这样 用。如: Einstein cared little for money, though he could have been very rich. 尽管爱因斯坦本可以成为非常富有的人,但他对金钱却不感兴趣。(though 引导的情况是假设的而不是事实) He will never do such a thing though he (should) be forced to. 即使强迫他,他也决不会干这样的事。(注意:不能用is) 5.though引导的从句,可用倒装语序,即把从句中的表语或状语放到though 之前;although却不能这样用。如: Young though she is, yet she is fit for the job. (=Young as she is, yet she is fit for the job.)尽管她很年轻,可她还是胜任这项工作的。 6.though从句的主谓语若是系表结构时,可以省略从句主语和be动词。如: Though alone, he is happy. 虽然他独自一人,却很幸福。 注意:Though loving him, I can not help him. 是错句。因为从句不是be构成的系表结构作谓语。应改为:Though I love him, I can not help him. 或 Though fond of him, I can not help him. 7.though还可与别的词结合使用,如even though, as though等;although 则无这种搭配功能。如: I'll go and help them even though I stop my work. 即使我停下自己的活不干,我也要去帮助他们。 8.though还可作并列连词,相当于and yet(然而,可是),它引导的分句常 对另一分句起补充说明作用;although则无这种用法。如: I wouldn't like to go to the evening, though they will invite me to. 我不想去参加晚会,可是他们要请我去。 They now can do most of the things people can do, though most scientists agree that computers can not completely take the place of humans. 人们能做的大部分工作,计算机现在都能做,然而大多数科学家认为,计算机并不能完全代替人类。 9.though可用作副词,放在词尾。although却不可这样用。如: He said he would come, he didn't, though. 他说要来却没来。

but的用法

二、用作介词 1. 与no ,nobody ,nothing ,none ,who 等词连用,作“除……之外” Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan. 这个计划只能带来灾难,别无益处。 2. We had no choice but to wait. 除了等待,我们别无选择。 He did nothing all day long but watch TV。。 三、用作副词 1. 意思上相当于only ,后面跟名词或动词。 We can but try now. 我们现在只有尝试一遍。 2. but 出现在too …to …结构前面时,表肯定 I'm but too glad to go there with you. 我非常高兴和你一起去那里。 四、含but 的习惯用语 1. but for =without ,意为“要不是;如果没有”,意思上相当于一个虚拟条件句。 But for the rain (If it hadn't rained), we would have had a pleasant journey. 要不是天下雨,我们这次旅行就惬意了。 But for your help, we couldn't have carried out the plan. 如果没有你的帮助,我们不可能实现那个计划。 2. but that = except that ,意为“若非;要不是”,引导虚拟条件状语从句。 He would have helped me but that he was short of money at that time. 要不是他那时候没钱,他会帮助我的。 3. but then = on the other hand ,“不过;在另一方面”。 London is a noisy place, but then it's also a place where you get the best entertainment. 伦敦是个闹市,不过它也是能够给你最好娱乐的地方。 4. nothing but = only ,意为“只;不过是”。 We could see nothing but water. 我们只能看见水。 6) anything but 绝不,远非 He is anything but an honest man. 他绝不是个诚实的人. 5. not …but …意为“不是……而是……”,连接两个并列的名词、形容词、副词、短语或分句 My bag is not black but red. 我的书包不是黑色的而是红色的。。 6. no …but意为“没有……不……”;虽然,尽管。 No child but likes Old Li in our village. 没有孩子不喜欢我们村里的老李。 I can’t marry her, no bu t we love each other very much. 我不能娶她,尽管我们彼此非常相爱 8. not that …but that …意为“不是因为…而是因为

and,_but_or用法归纳[1]

◇“和”,连接两个名词,代词或两个形容词等语法作用相同的词语。但否定句中用or。但如果前后名词都用no修饰,则可以用and。 The air was so warm and bright. It has no feet or legs. It has no eyes and no ears. I have no sister or brother. ◇“然后”。用于连接两句有时间上先后的句子。 She washed the dishes and dried them. ◇表示目的,意图。用于go, come, stop, run, stay等动词后。 Come and have a drink. Go and buy one. ◇“只要……就会……”“如果……那么……”,用于祈使句后,表示条件与结果的关系。Knock on the door, and it will be opened. Come late again, and you’ll be fired. but ◇但是,可是,而,却。 He is in poor health, but he still kept working. ◇用在表示歉意的话后,引起一个分句,这个but通常不译成汉语。 Excuse me, but can you tell me how to get to the railway station? ◇不与although/though (“虽然,尽管”)连用。 Though he is old, he works hard. He is old, but he works hard. ◇作介词,表示“除了……之外”。 She did nothing but watch TV. or ◇“一般疑问句+ or+被选择的部分”构成选择疑问句。 Do you like apples or pears? Would you like tea or coffee? ◇“祈使句+or +陈述句”,表示“……,否则,……” Hurry up, or you will be late. Work hard, or you cannot pass this exam.

的得地的用法

结合实例,谈谈“的、地、得”的用法。 一、“的、地、得”的基本概念 1、“的、地、得”的相同之处。 “的、地、得”是现代汉语中高频度使用的三个结构助词,都起着连接作用;它们在普通话中都读轻声“de”,没有语音上的区别。 2、“的、地、得”的不同之处。 吕叔湘、朱德熙所著《语法修辞讲话》认为“的”兼职过多,负担过重,而力主“的、地、得”严格分工。50 年代以来的诸多现代汉语论著和教材,一般也持这一主张。从书面语中的使用情况看,“的”与“地”、“得”的分工日趋明确,特别是在逻辑性很强的论述性、说明性语言中,如法律条款、学术论著、外文译著、教科书等,更是将“的”与“地”、“得”分用。 “的、地、得”在普通话里都读轻声“de”,但在书面语中有必要写成三个不同的字:在定语后面写作“的”,在状语后面写作“地”,在补语前写作“得”。这样做的好处,就是可使书面语言精确化。 二、“的、地、得”的用法 1、的——定语的标记,一般用在主语和宾语的前面。“的”前面的词语一般用来修饰、限制“的”后面的事物,说明“的”后面的事物怎么样。结构形式一般为:形容词、名词(代词)+的+名词。如: ①颐和园(名词)的湖光山色(主语)美不胜收。 ②她是一位性格开朗的女子(名词,宾语)。 2、地——状语的标记,一般用在谓语(动词、形容词)前面。“地”前面的词语一般用来形容“地”后面的动作,说明“地”后面的动作怎么样。结构方式一般为:形容词(副词)+地+动词(形容词)。如: ③她愉快(形容词)地接受(动词,谓语)了这件礼物。 ④天渐渐(时间副词)地冷(形容词,谓语)起来。 3、得——补语的标记,一般用在谓语后面。“得”后面的词语一般用来补充说明“得”前面的动作怎么样,结构形式一般为:动词(形容词)+得+副词。如: ⑤他们玩(动词,谓语)得真痛快(补语)。 ⑥她红(形容词,谓语)得发紫(补语)。 三、“的、地、得”用法的常见错误 一般而言,在特约记者和通讯员来稿中常见的“的、地、得”用法错误,主要表现在该用“地”、“得”的地方全部用了“的”。如: ①这两年,该公司的职工不断的(地)转变观念。 我们说“地”是状语的标记,用在谓语的前面。此例中主语是“职工”,谓语是“转变”。很显然,用“的”是错误的,应该用“地”。

although与though的区别和用法

a l t h o u g h与t h o u g h 的区别和用法 Company Document number:WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998

although与though的区别和用法 一、用作连词 表示“虽然”,两者大致同义,可换用,只是 although 比 though 更为正式:Though [Although] it was raining,we went there. 虽然下着雨,但我们还是去了那儿。 Though [Although] it was barely four o’clock, the lights were already on. 尽管才四点钟,灯已经亮了。 Though [Although] we are poor, we are still happy. 我们虽然穷,仍然很快活。 二、用作副词 although 一般不用作副词,而 though 可用作副词,且一般放在句末(不放在句首),意为“可是”、“不过”: It’s hard work; I en joy it though. 工作很辛苦,可是我乐意干。 He is looking fit, though. 但他看起来很健康。 You can count on him, though. 不过你可以指靠他。 三、用于习语 在 as though(好像,仿佛),even though(即使,纵然)等固定短语中不能用although: She closed her eyes as though she were tired. 她闭上眼,仿佛很疲劳似的。 We felt as though we had witnessed the whole thing. 我们感到仿佛目击了整个这件事似的。 He is an honest man, I must say, even though I have opposed him. 尽管我反对过他,我还得说他是一个诚实的人。 She was always afraid of men, even though she had lots of boyfriends.尽管她有很多男朋友,她总是害怕男人。 四、用于倒装

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