基础英语语法——状语从句(二)

基础英语语法——状语从句（二）

继续学习基础语法——状语从句……

19.5 结果状语从句

结果状语从句常由so… that 或such…that引导，掌握这两个句型，首先要了解so 和such与其后的词的搭配规律。

比较：so和such

其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many，few，much，little连用，形成固定搭配。

so foolish such a fool

so nice a flower such a nice flower

so many / few flowers such nice flowers

so much / little money. such rapid progress

so many people such a lot of people

（so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 虽相当于many，但 a lot of 为名词性的，只能用such搭配。）

so…that与such…that之间的转换既为so与such之间的转换。

The boy is so young that he can?t go to school.

He is such a young boy that he can…t go to school

19.6 条件状语从句

连接词主要有if，unless，as/so long as，on condition that 等。.

if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。非真实条件句已在虚拟语气中阐述。

unless = if not.

Let?s go out for a walk unless you are too tired.

If you are not too tied，let…s go out for a walk.

典型例题

You will be late ___ you leave immediately.

A. unless

B. until

C. if

D. or

答案A。句意：除非你立即走，否则你就回迟到的。可转化为If you dong leave immediately，you will be late.B、D句意不对，or表转折，句子如为You leave immediately or you will be late.

19.7 让步状语从句

though，although

注意：当有though，although时，后面的从句不能有but，但是though 和yet可连用

Although it?s raining，they are still working in the field.

虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。

He is very old，but he still works very hard.

虽然他很老，但仍然努力地工作。

Though the sore be healed，yet a scar may remain.

伤口虽愈合，但伤疤留下了。（谚语）

典型例题

1）___she is young，she knows quite a lot.

A. When

B. However

C. Although

D. Unless

答案：C。意为虽然她很年轻，却知道许多。

2)as，though 引导的倒装句

as / though引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前）。

Child as /though he was，he knew what was the right thing to do.

= Though he was a small child，he knew what was the right thing to do.

注意：a.句首名词不能带任何冠词。

b.句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。

Try hard as he will，he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.

= Though he tries hard，he never seems…

虽然他尽了努力，但他的工作总做的不尽人意。

3)ever if，even though.即使

We…ll make a trip even though the weather is bad.

4) whether…or-不管……都

Whether you believe it or not，it is true.

5)“no matter +疑问词” 或“疑问词+后缀ever”

No matter what happened，he would not mind.

Whatever happened，he would not mind.

替换：no matter what = whatever

no matter who = whoever

no matter when = whenever

no matter where = wherever

no matter which = whichever

no matter how = however

注意：no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。

（错）No matter what you say is of no use now.

（对）Whatever you say is of no use now.

你现在说什么也没用了。(Whatever you say是主语从句)

（错）Prisoners have to eat no matter what they?re given，

（对）Prisoners have to eat whatever they…re given.囚犯们只能给什么吃什么。

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