高考定语从句八个考点{作文类}

高考定语从句八个考点

定语从句是英语学习的一个重要语法项目,也是历年高考在具体的语境中考查考生灵活运用知识能力的一个重点。为了帮助同学们更好地掌握这一语法项目,本文结合近几年的高考试题,分析、探究定语性从句的考查,对其考查归纳为以下八个考点。

一、考查非限制性定语从句中的

在非限制性定语从句中既起连接的作用,又在从句中充当一定的句子成分(主语、宾语或表语);放在主句之后,指代整个主句或主句中的部分内容。

【经典题赏析】

. , .(全国卷)

. . . .

解析:本题考查非限制性定语从句的关系代词的用法,选项中只有可指代前面一个句子,并引导从句虽然可代替前面句子,但不能起连接的作用,故答案为。

. , , ’ .(江苏)

. . . .

解析:引导非限制性定语从句时在从句中可以作宾语,指代主句的主语“ ”,而只能作状语。故答案为。

. ’ , , .(浙江)

. . . .

解析:该题逗号之间为非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,所以选项范围应是关系代词,排除掉关系副词;而不可以引导非限制性定语从句, 只有可指代前面的’ 。故答案为。

【小结】非限制性定语从句中,判断选还是,关键在于分析定语从句的主干结构是否完整,如果该从句的先行词是物,从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语,通常要用;如果从句中缺少状语,则用或。事实上,非限制性定语从句可理解成是某一并列句的转换。如:例可理解为, .

二、考查关系副词,尤其是的考查

关系副词, 在定语从句中既起连接作用,同时又在从句中充当状语,分别表地点、时间。选用关系副词的关键是要求正确分析从句主干结构,选词必须符合句子的逻辑意义。

【经典题赏析】

. ’ .(福建)

. . . .

解析:由于从句的主谓宾结构完整,只能选用状语,由先行词可知,应选用作地点状语的引导定语从句。故答案为。

. , . (重庆)

. . . .

解析:首先排除地点副词; 不能引导从句,如果用,后半句要改为。由先行词“”可知从句的关系词表地点,并且缺少状语,所以应该用连接主从句。故答案为。

. , ’ .(陕西)

. . . .

解析:此定语从句主谓结构完整,缺少状语;考虑到先行词,选用关系词,相当于( )。故答案为。

【小结】从以上高考试题可以看出对于引导的定语从句,先行词既可是明确的地点,也可是“模糊化的地点”。如表示某人物的,或某事所发展的都可用这个关系副词。

三、考查关系代词

在定语从句中充当名词的定语,构成“ 名词”的形式;既可以表示某人的,又可以表示某物的。其最显著的特点是空格后的名词缺少限定词。

【经典题赏析】

. ’ .(天津)

. . . .

解析和只可做定语从句的主语或宾语。引导名词性从句。而作定语从句的先行词，从句中作主语的缺少限定词，可充当名词的定语。故答案为。

. ! ’ .(福建)

. . . .

解析:定语从句中作主语的缺少限定词,即定语,选择充当定语。而在这里无法与搭配。故答案为。

【小结】在定语从句中,对于事物的所属关系,可以使用以下三种形式名词名词或名词。

四、考查介词或

介词后接关系代词,在从句中可以作定语或状语;如果先行词是人,关系代词用;如果先行词是物,关系代词用。对于介词的选用则要综合考虑。

【经典题赏析】

. . (陕西)

. . . .

解析:该题从句谓语与介词搭配表达“争论某事”,故答案为。

. ’, , .(福建)

. . . .

解析:此定语从句的先行词是,从句的正常语序应该是:“ ”。显然应该填上“”,表示山顶上。所以用连接主从句。故答案为。

. ’ , . (北京)

. . . .

解析:由于先行词为,关系代词只能用引导非限制性定语从句。所以答案为。

【小结】从以上句子可以看出,“介词定语从句”这一考点,既考查学生的定语从句知识,又可考查学生对动词短语的掌握。解此类题的关键是把先行词代入相关定语从句中,根据定语从句谓语动词的习惯搭配或与先行词的关系、或由句子表达的整体句意来确定。

五、考查定语从句中的分隔

一般来说,定语从句总是紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后;但有时,定语从句和先行词常常被介词或其它成分分隔,干扰了句子结构的判断,从而给辨别从句带来一定的难度。

【经典题赏析】

. ’ .(四川)

. . . .

解析:此题的关键在于看出分隔了先行词和关系词引导的定语从句。根据先行词(表示“她呆的期间”)及从句的句意,可知所选词须是作时间状语的连词来引导。故答案为。

. .(山东卷)

. . . .

解析:此句为了保持句子平衡,避免引起主句头重脚轻,构成了先行词和从句被主句的系表结构分隔现象。先行词表时间,而且后面的定语从句缺少时间状语,所以应该用或连接。故答案为。

. —?

—, .(福建)

. . . .

解析:此题中关系词和其引导的从句的主谓结构被插入语“ ”分隔,从句中主谓语结构完整,缺少地点状语。

故答案为。

六、考查关系代词

作关系代词主要用于非限制性定语从句指代整个主句,在从句中通常做主语或宾语;其引导的定语从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后或主句之间。

【经典题赏析】

. , . (天津)

. . . .

解析:本句主谓语之间插入一个非限制性定语从句,选项中只有可引导该从句,并作从句中的宾语。故答案为。

. , .(浙江)

. . . .

解析:本句是关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句,并在从句中作的宾语,而其它三个选项引导句意完整的状语从句。故答案为。

七、考查定语从句与并列句、其它从句、强调句型的辨析

学生常常由于不能理解和掌握同一个连词的不同功能导致对定语从句与状语从句、名词性从句、强调句或并列句等相混淆。

【经典题赏析】

. —, ?

— . .(北京)

. . . .

解析:此题很容易选,误认为是强调结构“ ... ”,当把该结构取掉后,剩下的部分却不成立。事实上是先行词,从句主谓宾完整,缺少的只能是地点状语,因此答案为。

. , ’ . (全国Ⅲ)

. . . .

解析:该题易误选为,因为忽视了并列连词后连接简单句;代词的用法之一就是代替前面所指内容。故答案为。

, . (北京)

. . . .

解析:该题学生容易忽视逗号的作用而误选为,而作形式主语时,逗号应改为引导词即 ... .... 如果用表达此句意时,全句应改 ... .... 而关系代词可以指代逗号后的整个主句,引导非限制性定语从句。此题考查非限制性定语从句中的用法,又考查了对定语从句与名词性从句的掌握。所以此类题综合性非常强,难度较大。

八、考查关系代词的省略

关系代词, (), 在限定性定语从句中作宾语时,在口语中常可以省略。

【经典题赏析】

. .(江西)

. . . .

解析:本题题干中后省略了作宾语的关系代词, 。定语从句只缺少介词。故答案为。

. —?

—, ? (北京)

.

.

.

.

解析:该题中的后面省略了作宾语的关系代词或;习惯短语“ ”表示“向某人求助”,故答案选。

【小结】在某一名词或代词后出现从句,题干中又没出现连词时,通常省略的是,解题时加上,会有助于清晰地理解整个句子结构。不妨试一试!

总之,在做定语从句相关试题的时候,我们首先要判断出来该句是否是一个定语从句,其次找出先行词,并看从句中是否缺少成分。准确的分析句子的成分是能否做对试题的关键。事实上,定语从句在高考各个题型中都有涉及,掌握定语从句对于语言理解和运用都具有重要的意义。

【链接高考试题】

. , , .(山东)

. . . .

. , , ’ , ’ .(浙江)

. . . .

. .(安徽)

. . . .

. . (重庆)

. . . .

. , . (全国)

. . . .

. .(天津)

. . . .

. , .(湖南)

. . . .

. , . (全国)

. . . .

. , . (辽宁)

. . . .

. , .(年江苏)

. . . .

. . (浙江)

. . . .

. , . (上海春)

. . . .

. ; . (江苏)

. . . .

. , ; . (湖南) . . . .

. —?

— . (山东)

. . . .

. —?

—, ’ .(江西)

. . . .

.

. (江西)

. . . .

. , , . (天津)

. . . .

. . (全国)

. . . .

. . (四川)

. . . .

: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

高中英语定语从句知识点及练习复习过程

高中英语定语从句知识点及练习

高中英语---定语从句 一定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等关系词在定语从句中有三大作用 1. 连接作用——连接先行词和定语从句。 2. 替代作用——在定语从句中替代从句所修饰的先行词。 3. 成分作用——在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。 The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 二关系代词引导的定语从句 引导定语从句的关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, that等。它们分别代替前面的先行词，并在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。 1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 2. whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，可省略，在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替。 Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see. 3. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys.

4. that 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。 He is the man that/who lives next door. Where is the man (that/whom) I saw this morning? 、 The season that/which comes after spring is summer. The dress (that/which) Ann bought doesn’t fit her very well. 5. whose 指人、物皆可，与后面的名词有所属关系，在定语从句中做定语。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 注意：指物时，常用以下结构来代替： The house whose windows are broken is empty. =The house the windows of which are broken is empty. Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? =Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow? 三“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时，可以跟介词一起放在从句与主句之间（that, who不可以），也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面，使关系代词紧跟它所修饰的先行词。 The school (which/that) he once studied in is very famous. =The school in which he once studied is very famous. This is the boy (whom/who/that) I played tennis with yesterday. =This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday. 注意：1. 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of 等。 2. 介词后的关系代词不可用that和who，若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom指物时只可用which；关系代词是所有格时用whose。

高考定语从句新考点大扫描

高考定语从句新考点大扫描

高考定语从句最新考点大扫描 考点一. 考查关系代词和关系副词关系的选用 选择依据：弄清代替先行词的关系词在从句中作什么成分,作状语的应选用关系副词(when, where, why)，作主语、宾语、表语或定语的可选用关系代词(that, which, as, who, whom, whose)。千万不要认为只要是时间就用when，是地点就用where。如： I still remember the days (that/which)we spent together. I still remember the days when we stayed together. This is the factory (that/which) we visited last year. This is the factory where we worked last year. 【考例1】Mozart’s birthplace and the house ______ he composed ‘The Magic Flute’ are both museums now A. where B. when C. there D. which （2009上海卷） 【解析】考查定语从句关系词的辨别。由先行词house和后面的定语从句关系可知它在从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词，答案选______ 【考例2】It’s helpful to put children in a situation ______ they can see themselves differently. A. that B. when C. which D. where （2009福建卷） 【解析】先行词是situation，可指抽象意义的“地点”，在从句中做地点状语，用关系副词。答案_____ 【考例3】The Science Museum, ________ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions. A. which B. what C. that D. where （2008年江苏卷） 【解析】考查定语从句关系词的选用。先行词做定语从句中动词visited的宾语，所以用关系代词，又因为是非限制性定语从句，故答案_________ 【考例4】The famous basketball star, ______ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. A. where B. when C. which D. who (北京2002春季) 【解析】本题考察定语从句关联词的选择，从句意可知先行词the famous basketball star指人，所以用表示人的关系代词。答案__________- 考点二. 考查关系代词which, as引导的非限制性定语从句。 1）关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，不能置于句首；定语从句为否定句时或定语从句为表示主语特征的系表结构或主谓结构时，关系代词通常用which，不用as。 2) 关系代词as 在非限制性定语从句中，其先行词可以是整个主句，也可以是主句的一部分；其位置在主句的前、中或后均可。 3) 关系代词as在限制性定语从句中，常用于the same …as …和such …as …句型。 【考例1】My friend showed me round the town, was very kind of him. A. which B. that C. where D. it （09全国II） 2

定语从句专项知识点总结汇总

定语从句专项知识点总结汇总 - 定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。 被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as。 关系副词有：when, where, why, how。 关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。 定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 1 关系代词引导的定语从句 1) who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? (who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. (whom/that在从句中作宾语) 2) whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换). 例如： Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等. 例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. (which / that在句中作宾语) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. (which / that在句中作宾语) 关系代词that和which 都可以指物，that 和Who 都可以指人，其用法区别：

高考高中定语从句知识点汇总

定语从句知识点汇总 一、先行词 二、关系词 1.关系代词： 2.关系副词： 三、分类 1.限制性定语从句：对先行词有限制，区分的作用，并与先行词有着不可分割的关系，不能省略 2.非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明的作用，可省略不会影响主句的意思，与主句用逗号隔开 3.区别： 4.非限制性定语从句的特殊情况 4.1有些既可以做限制性，又可以做非限制性的定语从句，其含义不同

There are 20 students in this class who are from the north of China. There are 20 students in this class,who are from the north of China. 5.关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句 四、关系词的用法 1.which,that which指物，在从句中作主语，宾语 that指人或物，指人可与who，whom互换；指物可与which互换 2.who,whom 从句中的介词提到关系代词词前，whom作宾语，不能用who代替 In our class there are 46 students, of whom half wear glasses. 先行词为指人的one,ones,anyone或those时，关系代词用who；双重定语从句中一个定语从句的关系代词是that，另一个指人的关系代词用who。 3.whose 表示“……的”。可指人或物。用来指物时， whose+名词=限定词+名词+of which=of which+限定词+名词 The house whose windows face south is ours. The house the window of which face south is ours.=The house of which the window face south is ours. 4.as 作为关系代词可指人或物，在从句中作主语，宾语或表语。 一般用于such...as 、the same...as 、as...as结构中，表示“像”的意思 We have found such materials as are used in their factory.

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