文档库 最新最全的文档下载
当前位置:文档库 › 英国精算师协会历年考试真题1

英国精算师协会历年考试真题1

英国精算师协会历年考试真题1
英国精算师协会历年考试真题1

Faculty of Actuaries Institute of Actuaries

EXAMINATION

15 April 2005 (am)

Certificate in Practical Financial Economics

Time allowed: Three hours

INSTRUCTIONS TO THE CANDIDATE

1. Enter all the candidate and examination details as requested on the front of your answer

booklet.

2. You have 15 minutes at the start of the examination in which to read the questions.

You are strongly encouraged to use this time for reading only, but notes may be made.

You then have three hours to complete the paper.

3. You must not start writing your answers in the booklet until instructed to do so by the

supervisor.

4. Mark allocations are shown in brackets.

5. Attempt all 8 questions, beginning your answer to each question on a separate sheet.

6. Candidates should show calculations where this is appropriate.

AT THE END OF THE EXAMINATION

Hand in BOTH your answer booklet, with any additional sheets firmly attached, and this question paper.

In addition to this paper you should have available the 2002 edition of the

Formulae and Tables and your own electronic calculator.

Faculty of Actuaries CPFE A2005 Institute of Actuaries

1 (i) Describe three key assumptions underlying the validity of the CAPM. [3]

(ii) In the context of the CAPM discuss the concept of systematic risk for a risky security. [3] You are given the following historical information for a share in ABC company and

for a portfolio of 100 shares:

Return (% p.a.) Standard deviation (% p.a.) beta

of return

Portfolio 10.5 16 1.1

ABC 8.5 20 0.7 (iii) Show that these results are consistent with the CAPM. [3]

A student has commented that ABC s lower return and higher standard deviation,

relative to the 100 share portfolio, contradicts the predictions of the CAPM.

(iv) Discuss the student s comment. [3]

[Total 12] 2 (i) Describe how management may not be acting in shareholders best interests if

management exhibits the following behaviours:

empire building

avoidance of risk

[3]

You work for a firm of consultants and have recommended that management

incentives be based on the concept of residual income (equal to profit less cost of

capital).

(ii) Describe the rationale behind this recommendation. [2] The shareholders of the firm are concerned that this idea may discourage investment

in new technology.

(iii) Set out the key points that you would make in your response. [3]

[Total 8]

3 (i) Describe the three forms of market efficiency. [3]

At the quarterly meeting of the Auger Close Investment Club, four members are

making proposals for new equity investment for the club.

Albert wants to buy shares in Armadillo Adventures, claiming that they have

performed poorly in recent weeks and are due an upturn.

Brian wants to invest in Biscuits-R-Us. They have recruited a new head of marketing, who has had successes at other companies. Brian feels that this new appointment will have a positive effect on the firm.

Colin selects shares at random. This quarter he is recommending the club buy into

Cash 4 Kidneys PLC.

Dennis wants the club to buy shares in Diamond Dentists (DD). His brother works

for a major health insurer and has insider information that DD s shares will rise

sharply in the near future, when it is announced that his company has appointed DD

as its dentist of choice.

(ii) For each club member, describe how their share selection strategy would work in strongly efficient, semi-strongly efficient, weakly efficient and inefficient

markets. [7]

[Total 10]

4 (i) (a) Sketch the graph of an individual investor s utility function in the case

where the investor is:

a risk lover

risk neutral

risk averse

[3]

(b) Explain the general shape of your graphs. [1]

An investor s utility function is of the form 100,000 / W (W > 0), where W is

the investor s wealth in pounds sterling.

(ii) Show that the utility function is consistent with the principle of non-satiation.

[1]

(iii) Describe the investor s attitude to risk. [2] (iv) Explain the concept of expected utility in the context of this investor. [3] The investor is considering insuring his house, currently worth £100,000, against the

risk of fire. He assesses the probability of a loss of 50% of total value at 5% and that

of a 20% loss at 10%. If a loss occurs due to fire then these are the only two

possibilities.

(v) Assuming that the investor has no other source of wealth nor any debt,

calculate the maximum risk premium, in excess of the expected loss, that he

would be prepared to pay to insure against this risk. [4]

[Total 14] 5 A proprietary life company issues only non-profit guaranteed growth bonds. The

company invests only in equities with an expected return of 10% p.a, the risk free rate

being 5% p.a. At the balance sheet date there were £100m of equities and growth

bonds with a maturity value of £80m, the bonds all maturing in exactly one year s

time.

(i) Assuming that the possibility of default by the insurance company may be

ignored, calculate, using the result of Modigliani Miller for the cost of equity

capital or otherwise, the appropriate risk discount rate to value the

shareholder s interest in the portfolio of growth bonds. [5] (ii) Explain the theoretical impact on the risk discount rate of allowing for the default of part or all of policyholder benefits. [2] (iii) (a) Explain what is meant by franchise value in the context of a life

company. [2]

(b) Describe in general terms how the franchise value varies with the

amount of capital on the life company balance sheet. [3]

[Total 12]

6 (i) For an investment trust describe:

(a) the corporate structure

(b) the main parties involved

(c) how the price of shares is determined

[3]

A work colleague states that he has heard that investment trusts often trade at a

discount to their net present value. He is always looking for a good

investment and believes that he should be able to make money through day

trading in investment trusts. He has asked you as the resident finance expert

whether his ideas have merit.

(ii) Set out the points you would make. [4]

[Total 7] 7 You work for a UK industrial company which manufactures and sells tyres

worldwide. You source your raw materials from Brazil and have factories in your

main regions of sale. Your company s profitability has recently been below par for

the industry and rumours are abounding that this is due to poor implementation of

sound strategic decisions.

You have been put in charge of a new project to analyse the risks that the company is

taking on, in order to increase management s understanding.

Your first task is to produce a comprehensive risk register for your organisation.

(i) Set out the steps you would take to achieve this, including comments on:

what categories of risk you would use

what information is most relevant for each of the risks

how you might decide whether a risk should be included

[12]

You find that three events stand out as having caused significant losses in the

past. These are:

exposure to US dollar exchange rate movements

exposure to Brazilian political risk

strikes in your manufacturing plants

(ii) For each of these list two methods by which the company could mitigate the risk. [3]

[Total 15]

8 Surreal Madrid are considering signing Salvador Dali. Dali has no footballing skills

but is expected to generate funds from shirt sales.

The terms of Dali s contract offer are:

expires in 3 years

salary 0.5M per annum

fixed bonus of 0.5M per annum dependent on contract not being cancelled

after 1 and 2 years, Surreal Madrid have the option to cancel the contract, and

would have to pay in full any outstanding salary (but not bonus)

Negotiations with Dali s agent are stalling, with the cancellation option being a

problem. To aid their negotiations, the club have asked you, as their club economist, to place a value on the cancellation option.

In analysing the problem, you have assumed that salary and bonus are payable

annually in advance and that shirt sale profits are generated at the start of each year,

conditional upon Dali s contract not being cancelled.

You have constructed a Binomial tree (with figures in millions of Euros) for the

possible levels of future yearly profits on shirts.

Time 0 Time 1 Time 2 Time 3

2.226

1.492 0

1 1

0.670 0

0.449

To clarify the tree, the process at times 1 and 2 is as follows:

The club identifies what the profit will be at that time if the contract is renewed (at

time 1, this will be either 1.492 million Euros or 0.670 million Euros).

The club decides whether to renew the contract.

If the contract is renewed, then the club pays one year s salary and bonus in

advance and receives the shirt profits at that node in the tree at the same time.

If the contract is cancelled, the club pays in full any outstanding salary under the

contract. No bonuses are paid and no shirt sales generated.

(i) Calculate (to three decimal places) the risk-neutral probabilities at each node,

by setting expected profit growth equal to the risk free rate. [2]

(ii) Calculate the value of the Dali contract to the club at each node of the tree, just before and after the salary/bonus/profit cashflows payable at that node:

without the cancellation option

with the cancellation option [16]

(iii) State the value to the club of the cancellation option at the start of the contract.

[1]

(iv) Give examples of three other types of real option that Surreal Madrid should be considering in deciding whether to go ahead with the deal. [3] The risk free rate of return is 6% p.a. annually compounded. Tax can be ignored.

[Total 22]

END OF PAPER

Faculty of Actuaries Institute of Actuaries

EXAMINATION

April 2005

Certificate in Practical Financial Economics

EXAMINERS REPORT

Introduction

The attached subject report has been written by the Principal Examiner with

the aim of helping candidates. The questions and comments are based around Core Reading as the interpretation of the syllabus to which the examiners are working. They have however given credit for any alternative approach or interpretation which they consider to be reasonable.

M Flaherty

Chairman of the Board of Examiners

28 June 2005

Faculty of Actuaries

1 (i)

Investors are risk averse individuals who maximise expected utility of

wealth

Investors all have the same view of asset returns

Asset returns follow a joint normal distribution

There exists a risk free rate

(ii)

According to the CAPM the total risk of a risky security is measured by

the variance.

Systematic risk is measured by the covariance of the return on the risky

security with the market.

Only systematic risk is relevant to the pricing of a risky security, the

excess of total variance over systematic risk can be diversified away.

(iii) According to the CAPM, the expected return on a single risky stock (or a well diversified portfolio) is given by:

R = R f+ (R M R f)

Where R f is the risk free rate, R M is the expected market return and is the

covariance of the return of the risky stock (or well diversified portfolio) with

the market, divided by the market variance.

For ABC we have:

0.085 = R f+ 0.7(R M R f), so 0.085 = 0.3R f+ .07R M

For the 100 share portfolio:

0.105 = R f+ 1.1(R M R f), so 0.105 = 0.1R f+ 1.1R M

Which is consistent with R f= 0.05 and R M= 0.1

(iv) The student s reasoning is flawed because what counts in the determination of expected return is , not standard deviation (or, equivalently, variance).

The student believes that the higher standard deviation of ABC (not

surprisingly higher than the standard deviation of the 100 stock portfolio,

which is well diversified) justifies a higher return for ABC.

n fact ABC has a lower than that of the 100 share portfolio and so, R f and

R M being the same for both, the return on ABC should be lower.

2 (i) Within this context, not acting in shareholders best interests is equivalent to

not maximising shareholder value.

In making decisions, empire builders may make choices that increase their

influence on the business rather than making the choices that maximise

shareholder value.

If management are reluctant to take risks, they may be reducing shareholder

value by avoiding risky projects with positive NPV.

(ii) (a) It encourages managers to maximise NPV.

They are encouraged only to invest if the increase in earnings is

enough to cover the cost of capital.

(b) A project with an initial outlay can result in negative residual income,

even if the project has a positive NPV.

Investment in new technology may be such a project, so the point

being made by shareholders is valid.

One way around the problem may be to refine the definition of profit,

perhaps by treating investment in new technology as an investment to

be written off over a reasonable period rather than as an immediate

expense.

3 (i) Three forms of market efficiency are:

Weak: all information about past prices is in the share price

Semi-strong: all publicly available information is in the share price

Strong: all information (including insider information) is in the share price (ii) A

No advantage under weak form of efficiency.

No advantage under strong/semi-strong forms of efficiency

Perhaps some advantage in inefficient markets

B

No advantage in semi-strongly efficient markets

No advantage in strongly efficient market

Some advantage in inefficient or weakly efficient markets

C

No advantage whatever the level of market efficiency

No worse than any other strategy in strongly efficient market.

D

No advantage in strongly efficient market

Some advantage in semi-strongly or weakly efficient market or in inefficient

market.

Although no marks were awarded for pointing out any ethical issues with

insider trading, this does not mean that this practice is condoned by the

examiners.

4 (i) (a) The utility function U is a function of investor wealth W.

The risk lover s graph is convex since an increase in wealth

increases utility more than an equivalent deduction in wealth

reduces utility

The risk neutral investor s graph is a straight line since an increase

in wealth increases utility by the same amount that an equivalent

reduction in wealth reduces utility.

The risk averse investor s graph is concave since an increase in

wealth increases utility less than an equivalent reduction in wealth

reduces utility

(b) More wealth is preferred to less so dU / dW > 0, i.e. all graphs are

upwards sloping

(ii) dU / dW = 100,000 / W2 > 0, so U is a valid utility function

The graph of U(W) against W is concave so U is the utility function of a risk

averse investor.

(iv) Suppose we have possible wealth outcomes of W1 and W2, with respective probabilities p and 1 p. The expected wealth arising from such a gamble

is pW1 + (1 p)W2

The utility of the gamble is then given by pU(W1) + (1 p)U(W2), which is in

the form of a statistical expectation.

Since the investor is risk averse his utility function is concave. The utility of

his expected wealth (= U(pW1 + (1 p)W2)) is then greater than his expected

utility.

(v) The expected loss in house value = ( 0.05*0.5 + 0.1*0.2)*100,000 (a zero loss has 85% probability) = £4,500

The investor s expected wealth is then £95,500 (= £100,000 £4,500)

The expected utility = 0.05U(50,000) + 0.1U(80,000) + 0.85U(100,000)

= 0.05(2) + 0.1( 1.25) + 0.85(1)

= 1.075

This level of utility corresponds to wealth W = 100,000 / 1.075 = £93,023 (to

the nearest pound)

The expected utility is less than the utility of the investor s expected wealth

because the investor is risk averse. The investor will increase his utility

through insurance as long as his certain wealth, after paying for the insurance

premium, exceeds £93,023. The maximum risk premium, in excess of the

expected loss, is then £95,500 £93,023 = £2,477

5 (i) The key point is that the non-profit liability may be considered as risk free

debt.

The appropriate form of the Miller Modigliani equation is then:

R e= R a+ V e / V d (R a R f), where R f is the risk free rate, R a is the return on the

assets and V e and V d the value of equity and debt respectively.

R f = 0.05 and R a = 0.1

V d= 80 / 1.05 = 76.2

V e = 100 76.2 = 23.8 (since V a= V e + V d)

Hence R e = 0.1 + 76.2 / 23.8 (0.1 0.05) = 0.26

(ii) The non profit liability may now be regarded as risky debt

Since, according to Miller Modigliani, a firm s total cash flows are not

affected by capital structure (ignoring tax) the impact of risky debt is to

increase the share of cash flows available to equity shareholders. Therefore the

risk discount rate should decrease.

(iii) (a) The franchise value of a life company is the excess of market value

over the net worth, or the market value of balance sheet assets less

liabilities. (In (i) above net worth is 23.8). The franchise value is then

the present value of the shareholder s interest in new, rather than

existing, business.

(b) If the capital available is small then the new business prospects of the

insurance company are likely to be adversely affected since there will

be concerns that insolvency could arise. Thus franchise value will be

reduced or even destroyed.

At higher levels of capital franchise value will be restored to a normal

level, i.e. at a level where likely new business prospects are consistent

with the capital required.

As even more capital is added franchise value is unlikely to increase

further.

6(i) (a) Corporate structure

Company

Usually listed on the Stock Exchange

Funded by equity and debt capital

(b) Main parties involved

Board of directors, who are responsible for the policy of the

company

Investment managers: manage the investments for the investment

trust

Shareholders, who buy and sell the shares in the investment trust

company in the same way as they would in any other company

(c) How the price of shares are determined

Supply and demand

(or could say by the market)

(ii) The answer needs to be in the form of a note, not just in bullet point form.

The main points are:

Yes, investment trusts do commonly trade at a discount to their net asset

value:

mainly due to the asset management charge (usually expressed as a %

of the value of the assets per annum)

marketability small trust might not have a very liquid market

Day trading is looking for short term moves not arbitrages

If investment trusts were mispriced then it would be an arbitrage

strategy that would lock in the profit Therefore there should be no

benefit from day trading (for the two reasons)

7 (i) The steps required are:

Make a preliminary high-level risk analysis

Hold a brainstorming session, including both internal management and

relevant external people, to identify organisational risks. This forms the

basis of the risk register

Do a desktop analysis including industry sources (further analysis) to

supplement the initial results

Set out the identified risks in a risk register

Categories of risk

Suggested categories:

Political

Business

Economic

Natural (e.g. weather related)

Financial (or market not both)

Crime/Fraud

Others could include:

Group

Operational

Liquidity

Information on each of the risks:

Title

Description

Category

Severity risk

Frequency risk

Mitigation strategy in place

Rank

Who monitors this risk (i.e. the responsible person)

Key risk indicator how the risk is monitored

How to determine if a risk is worthy for inclusion:

All material risks should be included (considering the likelihood and the

severity)

(ii) Exposure to US dollar exchange rate movements

hedging through currency futures, forwards or options; or

keeping $US cash reserves based on future expected requirements Exposure to Brazilian political risk

Political risk insurance

Using alternative countries for the raw materials

Keep close eye on political developments

Strikes in your manufacturing plants

Avoid Seek to address the underlying causes of the strikes

Minimise Keep a higher inventory than otherwise

Minimise Have good shipping arrangements from other manufacturing

countries

8 (i) At time 0,

1.492p up + 0.670 (1 p up) = 1.06

p up = 0.474

At time 1 in top state,

2.226p up + 1 (1 p up) = 1.492 * 1.06

p up = 0.474

At time 1 in down state,

1p up + 0.449 (1 p up) = 0.670 * 1.06

p up = 0.474

[use formula of form V up p up + V down p down = V start * 1.06]

(ii) Cashflows net of salary and bonus are:

1.226

0.492 0

0 0

(0.330) 0

(0.551)

Without the cancellation option, value at a particular node just after cashflows

is:

{V up p up + V down p down} / 1.06

where V up and V down are values before cashflows at adjoining nodes

and value just before cashflows is

Value after cashflows plus cashflows

Putting these formulae through the tree, with top figure at each node being

value before cashflow and bottom figure being cashflow afterwards.

1.226

1.040 0

0.548 0

0.166 0

0.166 0

(0.603) 0

(0.273) 0

(0.551)

So without cancellation option, value of the Dali contract is 166,00

With the cancellation option, value at a particular node just before cashflows

is:

Max[{V up p up + V down p down} / 1.06 + cashflows, canc n cost]

where V up and V down are values before cashflows at adjoining nodes

Value just after cashflows is value before less cashflows (which will be zero if contract is cancelled)

1.226

1.040 0

0.548 0

0.1780

0.1780

(0.578)0

(0.248)0

(0.5)

In the above tree, nodes in italics have been changed from previous version.

Node in bold is where Dali s contract is not renewed. Note that in year one

bottom state, contract is renewed even though Dali is a liability.

So, with cancellation option, value of Dali contract is 178,000

(iii) Value of the option is the difference

i.e. 178k 166k = 12,000

(iv) Other real options:

Value of follow-on investment opportunities, e.g. option to extend contract

or possibility of attracting more surrealist painters

Timing option, i.e. option to delay signing for another year while assessing

demand for shirts with surrealist painters names on them

Flexibility option, e.g. option to diversify from football into selling

paintings, etc.

Faculty of Actuaries Institute of Actuaries

EXAMINATION

7 April 2006 (am)

Certificate in Practical Financial Economics

Time allowed: Three hours

INSTRUCTIONS TO THE CANDIDATE

1. Enter all the candidate and examination details as requested on the front of your answer

booklet.

2. You have 15 minutes at the start of the examination in which to read the questions.

You are strongly encouraged to use this time for reading only, but notes may be made.

You then have three hours to complete the paper.

3. You must not start writing your answers in the booklet until instructed to do so by the

supervisor.

4. Mark allocations are shown in brackets.

5. Attempt all 8 questions, beginning your answer to each question on a separate sheet.

6. Candidates should show calculations where this is appropriate.

Graph paper is required for this paper.

AT THE END OF THE EXAMINATION

Hand in BOTH your answer booklet, with any additional sheets firmly attached, and this question paper.

In addition to this paper you should have available the 2002 edition of the

Formulae and Tables and your own electronic calculator.

Faculty of Actuaries CPFE A2006 Institute of Actuaries

1Describe the Fama-French three-factor model and the empirical evidence against CAPM that it seeks directly to address. [5]

2 (i) Describe briefly the following terms found in research on behavioural finance:

(a) mental accounting

(b) recency effect

(c) myopic loss aversion

(d) framing

(e) confirmation bias [5]

At the quarterly meeting of the Auger Close Investment Club, the four members often

discuss their views of the financial markets which influence the investment direction

of the Club.

Albert regularly produces a chart showing a series of rolling 10-year equity and bond

returns to support his arguments for investing 100% in equities rather than

considering bond investment.

Brian produces buy/sell recommendations for the Club by considering the market s

expectations of future profits and earnings adjusted by a margin for his own beliefs.

Colin was concerned at the end of the 1990s at the extraordinary increase in the value

of technology stocks held by the Club. He often talked about the irrational

exuberance of the market but never voted for a reduction in the Club s holdings of

technology stocks.

Dennis was extremely disappointed at the end of 2002 as the value of his stake in the

Club s equity portfolio had fallen by over 30% a loss of around £10,000. Over the

same year the estimated value of his house increased by over £40,000.

(ii) Describe how each club member s view is typical of a common behavioural finance theme. [4]

[Total 9] CPFE A2006 2

3 The assets of the ABC pension fund consist of contributions from both ABC plc and

the employees plus investment returns, less any payments made from the fund to

cover costs and benefits. Currently 80% of the fund s assets are held in equities and

20% in long dated bonds.

The main benefit paid from the fund is a pension payable from age 65. The benefit is

not dependent on the fund performance. ABC plc makes up the balance of cost if

assets are insufficient to cover benefits and expenses (i.e. if there is a shortfall). ABC

plc will take a refund if assets are excessive (i.e. if there is a surplus).

(i) Describe the role played by defined benefit pension schemes such as the ABC

pension fund in the investment markets. [2] (ii) Explain how any shortfall in the ABC pension fund could be considered as an option on the assets of ABC plc. [3] (iii) The three main shareholders in ABC plc have all expressed an opinion about the fund s investment strategy. Their opinions are as follows:

(a) The fund should invest fully in equities.

(b) The fund should invest fully in bonds.

(c) I don t care what the fund invests in.

List reasons why each of these views may be held. [5]

[Total 10] CPFE A2006 3 PLEASE TURN OVER

中国精算师考试常见问题

中国精算师考试常见问题 2016年中国精算师考试常见问题 2016年中国精算师的考试报名时间是3月4日-25日,下面为大家分享的是精算师考试的各种常见问题,希望能帮助到大家! 中国精算师资格考试分为准精算师和精算师两部分。准精算师部分考试共九门必考课程,考生通过全部九门课程考试后,将获得准 精算师资格。精算师部分考试计划设置十门课程,其中包括必修课 和选修课,获得准精算师资格的.考生,通过五门精算师课程的考试 并满足有关精算专业培训要求,答辩合格后,才能取得“精算师考 试合格证书”。 需要强调指出的是,对取得“精算师考试合格证书”者,还需经过特别申请,经审查同意后方可以“精算师”名义在商业保险机构 中执业。 中国精算师资格考试分为两个层次,第一层次为准精算师资格考试,第二层次为精算师资格考试。 准精算师考试目的在于考察考生对保险精算的基本原理和技能的掌握,并涉及基本保险精算实务,考试课程共设9门,均为必考课程。 精算师考试课程共10门,其中3门必考课程,7门选考课程, 考生必须通过3门必考课程、2门选考课程的考试。3门必考课程内 容主要涉及保险公司运营管理、财务、投资以及中国保险业法规、 税收、财务制度等。2门选考课程则为保险业务的不同方向。 考题形式为标准试题和笔答题,考试采用学分制。考生通过全部基础课程考试,获得270学分,可以获得准精算师考试合格证书;精 算师高级课程考试共130学分,90学分必考学分,40学分选考学分。考生在通过全部课程的考试后,还需有专业训练要求,考生要请一

名资深的中国精算师指导,在专业领域工作两年,并有一篇专业报告,经答辩合格后,方取得精算考试合格证书。 报名及考试地点:中央财经大学、南开大学、复旦大学、武汉大学和中山大学 考试用书及购书方法: 准精算师考试用书向各考点咨询购书信息;精算师考试高级科目 与05G、07G科目参考书请与中国保险行业协会精算工作委员会联系。本次中国准精算师考试教材仍采用由南开大学出版社出版的“中国 精算师资格考试用书”系列,2006年8月初出版发行修订后的考试 用书,考生可以将修订版作为学习参考资料,从明年春季开始将正 式启用新版本的教材。 考试科目 考试中心

精算师考试用书

准精算师考试有9门,得先通过,相应的考试科目及对应的参考书目如下: (一)科目名称:数学基础I中国精算师资格考试1、科目代码:01中国精算师资格考试2、考试时间:3小时中国精算师资格考试3、考试形式:标准化试题中国精算师资格考试4、考试内容:中国精算师资格考试5、参考书:①《高等数学讲义》(第二篇数学分析)樊映川编著高等教育出版社中国精算师资格考试②《线性代数》胡显佑四川人民出版社中国精算师资格考试③《运筹学》(修订版)1990年《运筹学》教材编写组清华大学出版社中国精算师资格考试除以上参考书外,也可参看其他同等水平的参考书。中国精算师资格考试建议买同济高数第五或六版,考研的也行,差不多 (二)科目名称:数学基础II中国精算师资格考试1、科目代码:02中国精算师资格考试2、考试时间:3小时中国精算师资格考试3、考试形式:标准化试题中国精算师资格考试4、考试内容:中国精算师资格考试(1)概率论(分数比例:50%)中国精算师资格考试(2)数理统计(分数比例:35%)(3)应用统计(分数比例:15%)中国精算师资格考试如果有统计学基础就牛B了,刚刚好5、参考书:①《概率论第一册》复旦大学编人民教育出版社1979年4月第1版中国精算师资格考试②《概率论第二册》(第一、二分册)复旦大学编人民教育出版社1979年8月第1版中国精算师资格考试③《概率论与数理统计》陈希孺编著中国科学技术大学出版社2000年3月第1版中国精算师资格考试④《应用线性回归》(美)S.Weisberg著王静龙、梁小筠等译中国统计出版社1998年3月第1版中国精算师资格考试 (三)科目名称:复利数学中国精算师资格考试1、科目代码:03中国精算师资格考试2、考试时间:2小时中国精算师资格考试3、考试形式:标准化试题中国精算师资格考试4、考试内容:利息理论中国精算师资格考试5、参考书:《利息理论》(中国精算师资格考试用书)刘占国主编南开大学出版社2000年9月第1版中国精算师资格考试 (四)科目名称:寿险精算数学中国精算师资格考试1、科目代码:04中国精算师资格考试2、考试时间:4小时中国精算师资格考试3、考试形式:标准化试题中国精算师资格考试4、考试内容:寿险精算数学中国精算师资格考试5、参考书:《寿险精算数学》(中国精算师资格考试用书)卢仿先、曾庆五编著,南开大学出版社,2000年6月第一版。中国精算师资格考试 (五)科目名称:风险理论中国精算师资格考试1、科目代码:05中国精算师资格考试2、考试时间:2小时中国精算师资格考试3、考试形式:标准化试题中国精算师资格考试4、考试内容:《风险理论与非寿险精算》第四章、第五章、第六章、第七章、第八章。中国精算师资格考试5、参考书:《风险理论与非寿险精算》(中国精算师资格考试用书)谢志刚、韩天雄编著,南开大学出版社,2000年9月第一版。中国精算师资格考试 (六)科目名称:生命表基础中国精算师资格考试1、科目代码:06中国精算师资格考试2、考试时间:3小时中国精算师资格考试3、考试形式:标准化试题中国精算师资格考试4、考试内容:中国精算师资格考试5、参考书:《生命表的构造理论》(中国精算师资格考试用书)周江雄、刘建华、黎颍芳编著,南开大学出版社,2001年3月第一版。中国精算师资格考试 (七)科目名称:寿险精算实务中国精算师资格考试1、科目代码:07中国精算师资格考试2、考试时间:3小时中国精算师资格考试3、考试形式:选择题和问答题中国精算师资格考试4、考试内容:寿险精算实务中国精算师资格考试5、参考书:《寿险精算实务》(中国精算师资格考试用书)李秀芳编著南开大学出版社2000年9月第1版中国精算师资格考试 (八)科目名称:非寿险精算数学与实务中国精算师资格考试1、科目代码:08中国精算师资格考试2、考试时间:3小时中国精算师资格考试3、考试形式:选择题和问答题中国

精算师考试试题 (2)

Faculty of Actuaries Institute of Actuaries EXAMINATIONS 7 September 2001 (pm) Subject 102 — Financial Mathematics Time allowed: Three hours INSTRUCTIONS TO THE CANDIDATE 1.Write your surname in full, the initials of your other names and your Candidate’s Number on the front of the answer booklet. 2.Mark allocations are shown in brackets. 3.Attempt all 12 questions, beginning your answer to each question on a separate sheet. Graph paper is not required for this paper. AT THE END OF THE EXAMINATION Hand in BOTH your answer booklet and this question paper. In addition to this paper you should have available Actuarial Tables and an electronic calculator. ? Faculty of Actuaries

1 A 91-day government bill provides the purchaser with an annual effective rate of return of 5%. Determine the annual simple discount rate at which the bill is discounted.[2]2 A particular share is expected to pay a dividend of d 1 in exactly one year. Dividends are expected to grow by g per annum effective every year thereafter.The share pays annual dividends. Let V 0 be the present value of the share and r be the investor’s required annual effective rate of return. Show that V 0 = 1d r g ?.[3]3An asset has a current price of 100p. It will pay an income of 5p in 20 days’ time. Given a risk-free rate of interest of 6% per annum convertible half-yearly and assuming no arbitrage, calculate the forward price to be paid in 40 days.[4]4An annuity is paid half-yearly in arrears at a rate of £1,000 per annum, for 20 years. The rate of interest is 5% per annum effective in the first 12 years and 6%per annum convertible quarterly for the remaining 8 years. Calculate the accumulation of the annuity at the end of 20 years.[4]5An investor purchases a bond, redeemable at par, which pays half-yearly coupons at a rate of 8% per annum. There are 8 days until the next coupon payment and the bond is ex-dividend. The bond has 7 years to maturity after the next coupon payment. Calculate the purchase price to provide a yield to maturity of 6% per annum effective.[4]6(1 + i t ) follows a log normal distribution where i t is the rate of interest over a given time period beginning at time t . The parameters of the distribution are μ = 0.06 and σ2 = 0.0009. Calculate the inter-quartile range for the accumulation of 100 units of money over the given time period, beginning at time t .[6]

中国精算师考试指南——考试用书及考试形式

中国精算师资格考试指南 第I部分中国精算师资格考试 ---准精算师部分 A1数学 考试时间:3小时 考试形式:选择题 考试要求: 本科目是关于风险管理和精算中随机数学的基础课程。通过本科目的学习,考生应该掌握基本的概率统计知识,具备一定的数据分析能力,初步了解各种随机过程的性质。 考生应掌握概率论、统计模型和应用随机过程的基本概念和主要内容。 考试内容: A、概率论(分数比例约为35%) 1. 概率的计算、条件概率、全概公式和贝叶斯公式 (第一章) 2. 联合分布律、边缘分布函数及边缘概率密度的计算 (第二章) 3. 随机变量的数字特征 (§3.1、§3.2、§3.4) 4. 条件期望和条件方差 (§3.3) 5. 大数定律及其应用 (第四章) B、数理统计(分数比例约为25%) 1. 统计量及其分布 (第五章) 2. 参数估计 (第六章) 3. 假设检验 (第七章) 4. 方差分析 (§8.1) C、应用统计(分数比例约为10%) 1. 一维线性回归分析 (§8.2) 2. 时间序列分析(平稳时间序列及ARIMA模型) (第九章) D、随机过程(分数比例约为20%) 1. 随机过程一般定义和基本数字特征 (第十章) 2. 几个常用过程的定义和性质(泊松过程、更新过程、马氏过程、鞅过程和 布朗运动) (第十一章) E、随机微积分(分数比例约为10%) 1. 关于布朗运动的积分 (§11.5、第十二章) 2. 伊藤公式 (§12.2) 考试指定教材: 中国精算师资格考试用书:《数学》肖宇谷主编,李勇权主审,中国财政经济出版社 2010版,所有章节。

A2 金融数学 考试时间:3小时 考试形式: 选择题 考试要求: 本科目要求考生具有较好的数学知识背景。通过学习本科目, 考生应该熟练掌握利息理论、利率期限结构与随机利率模型、金融衍生工具定价理论、投资组合理论的主要内容,在了解基本概念、基本理论的基础上,掌握上述几部分内容涉及的方法和技巧。 考试内容: A、利息理论 (分数比例约为30%) 1. 利息的基本概念(分数比例约为4%) 2. 年金(分数比例约为6%) 3. 收益率(分数比例约为6%) 4. 债务偿还(分数比例约为4%) 5. 债券及其定价理论(分数比例约为10%) B、利率期限结构与随机利率模型(分数比例约为 16%) 1. 利率期限结构理论(分数比例约为10%) 2. 随机利率模型(分数比例约为6%) C、金融衍生工具定价理论(分数比例约为26%) 1. 金融衍生工具介绍(分数比例约为10%) 2. 金融衍生工具定价理论(分数比例约为16%) D、投资理论(分数比例约为28%) 1. 投资组合理论(分数比例约为12%) 2. 资本资产定价(CAPM)与套利定价(APT)理论(分数比例约为16%)考试指定教材: 中国精算师资格考试用书《金融数学》:徐景峰主编,杨静平主审,中国财政经济出版社2010年版,所有章节。 A3精算模型 考试时间:3小时 考试形式:选择题 考试要求: 本科目是关于精算建模方面的课程。通过本科目的学习,考生应该掌握以概率统计为研究工具对保险经营中的损失风险和经营风险进行定量分析,并建立精算模型的方法,进而要求考生掌握模型参数估计以及如何确定该使用哪个模型、如何根据经验数据对先验模型进行后验调整的方法。 考试内容: A、基本风险模型(分数比例约为30%) 1. 生存分析的基本函数及生存模型:掌握对一元生存模型和多元生存模 型进行分析的基本函数的概念及其相互关系;常用参数生存模型的假设 及结果。 2. 生命表:掌握生命表函数与生存分析函数之间的关系,特别是不同假 设下整数年龄间生命表函数的推导;选择--终极生命表的有关计算。

中国精算师资格考试体系简介

中国精算师资格考试体系简介 建立中国保险精算制度的基本思路是在其保险精算监管系统中实行首席精算师签字的精算报告制度,制度本身包括两个方面的内容:中国精算师认可制度和保险公司的精算报告制度。 1、中国精算师认可制度 认可制度中国保险业的精算师认可制度是实行考试认可制度。考生通过保险监管部门要求的全部课程考试,可取得中国精算师考试合格证书。 纵观世界各国,大体有两种精算师认可制度。一是考试认可制度,即设定一系列考试课,无论什么教育背景,只要通过全部考试,即可获得精算师资格。这以北美精算师协会和英国精算师协会的考试最为典型,属于这种类型的国家有英、美、加、澳、日本等国家。二是学历认可制度,通常在大学设立精算专业,类似于准精算师和精算师水平,分本科和研究生两个阶段,精算专业研究生毕业,即可获得精算师资格。属于这种类型的有德、法、意、瑞士、西班牙、荷兰、巴西、墨西哥等国家。这两种制度也有其共同点,一是对保险公司的指定精算师或首席精算师,除要求精算师资格外,还要求最低的精算专业从业年限,强调精算工作业绩。 中国精算教育始于1988年南开大学招收第一届中美联合培养的精算研究生,至今,国内已有近20所院校招收精算专业本科生、研究生,精算教育目前还有迅速发展的趋向。但这些院校师资力量、教学水平差别很大,又没有统一的课程设置标准,如采用学历认可制度,很难控制精算师的质量。有鉴于此,借鉴英、美等国经验,建立中国精算师资格考试制度是符合中国现状的。 中国精算师的职业制度基本思路在考试认可制度下,取得精算师考试合格证书仅是精算师职业制度的开端:①取得中国精算师资格证书者,若以精算师名义在商业保险机构执业,还需向中国保监会申请注册,在取得精算师执业证书后,方可执业:②执业的精算师应加入精算师的专业团体中国精算师协会,每年需参加中国精算师协会规定的职业培训,接受其监督管理;③保险公司聘请一名执业精算师作为公司的首席精算师,并报中国保监会备案 (首席精算师需经中国保监会的资格审查认可);④首席精算师离职应当报中国保险监督管理委员

历年中国精算师考试模拟练习题

历年中国精算师考试模拟练习题单项选择题 1.下列关于矩母函数的讨论哪一项是错误的? A.记X的k阶原点矩为,则有 B.设随机变量Xl,X2,…,Xn的矩母函数分别为则随机变量S=X1+X2+…+Xn的矩母函数为 C.若Y=aX+b,a,b为常数,则随机变量Y的矩母函数为 D.在矩母函数的定义域|t| E.在|t| 2对于离散型分布: 问其分布的熵为多少? A.0 B.1 C.-1.2 D.1.2 E.-1 3.下列关于纯保费法与损失率法的特点叙述不准确的是哪一项? A.纯保费法需要严格定义的、一致的风险单位; B.损失率法不能用于新业务的费率厘订; C.当均衡保费难以计算时,损失率法更为适用; D.纯保费法不需要当前费率; E.损失率法须产生指示费率变化。 4.已知下表: 试计算指示费率整体水平变动。 A.0.08 B.0.09 C.0.10 D.0.11 E.0.12

5.设某险种索赔额为常数,试在正态假设下计算信度因子为的期望索赔次数,设P=0.90,k=0.05。 A.250 B.260 C.270 D.280 E.290 6.某一年期财产险,该险种在季度内保费收入是均匀的,保费收入如下: 问在年末按季应提取未到期责任准备金为多少万元? A.820 B.825 C.830 D.835 E.840 7.设表中的理赔记录用韦伯分布来拟合,试用其0.2和0.7分位点估计参数,韦伯分布的分布函数为 A.1.3l B.1.32 C.1.33 D.1.34 E.1.35 8.某公司的溢额再保险合同中,每一风险单位自留额为20万元,溢额分保限额为5根线,假设风险单位A的保险金额为150万元,当他遭受120万元损失时,溢额再保险接受人应理赔多少万元? A.0 B.60 C.80 D.100 E.120 9.下面关于停止损失再保险的说法,哪一项是不准确的? A.停止损失再保险使原保险人期望效用达到 B.使分保后的调节系数直达到 C.对于单次事故为理赔基础的停止损失再保险,即为超额赔款再保险 D.停止损失再保险为非比例再保险 E.停止损失再保险中ρP越大,自留风险越小 参考答案

精算师考试数学基础考点大纲

一)准精算师部分 准精算师部分由八门专业课程及一门职业道德教育课程组成。 具体课程名称和主要内容如下: 课程名称 考试内容 A1 数学 1)概率论(30%); 2)数理统计(20%); 3)随机过程(20%); 4)应用统计(20%); 5)随机微积分(10%)。 A2 金融数学 1)复利数学(40%); 2)利率期限结构和随机利率模型(20%); 3)未定权益基本分析和风险中性评估(20%); 4)投资组合理论基础(20%)。 A3 精算模型 1)基本模型:生存模型和多状态模型、财产责任保险常见风险标的模型、个体模型和聚合模型;(40%)2)统计建模初步:参数估计和校验:频率和索赔额模型、信度理论;(20%) 3)统计模型的进一步分析:修匀原理和方法(10%)

4)破产模型;(20%) 5)情景及敏感性测试:随机模拟(10%) A4 经济学 宏观经济学(30%)、微观经济学(50%)、金融学(20%)A5 寿险精算 1)寿险精算数学(60%) 2)寿险精算实务(40%) A6 非寿险精算 1)非寿险精算数学(60%) 2)非寿险精算实务(40%) A7 会计与财务 1)会计基本原理(25%); 2)会计准则(25%); 3)各种经营实体介绍(20%); 4)企业会计的基本结构(15%); 5)企业会计的解释能力和局限性(15%)。 A8 精算管理 1)企业运营的一般环境(10%); 2)风险评估、风险类型和风险度量(15%);

3)产品(或服务)的设计和开发(10%); 4)产品和服务的定价及定价假设(10%); 5)准备金和负债评估(15%); 6)风险管理基本方法(15%); 7)资产负债管理基础(10%); 8)经验监测(10%); 9)偿付能力、盈利能力和资本管理(5%)。 (注:1、课程A1-A8均为3小时笔试。2、考生在通过了A1-A8全部课程后,还需参加为期一天的中国准精算师《A9职业道德教育》课程的培训,方可获得中国准精算师资格。) 一)科目名称:数学基础I 1、科目代码:01中国精算师资格考试 2、考试时间:3小时中国精算师资格考试 3、考试形式:标准化试题中国精算师资格考试 4、考试内容:中国精算师资格考试 (1)微积分(分数比例:60%)中国精算师资格考试 ①函数、极限、连续中国精算师资格考试 函数的概念及性质反函数复合函数隐函数分段函数基本初等函数的性质初等函数数列极限与函数极限的概念函数的左、右极限无穷小和无穷大的概念及其关系无穷小的比较极限的四则运算中国精算师资格考试 函数连续与间断的概念初等函数的连续性闭区间上连续函数的性质中国精算师资格考试 ②一元函数微积分中国精算师资格考试 导数的概念函数可导性与连续性之间的关系导数的四则运算基本初等函数的导数复合函数、反函数和隐函数的导数高阶导数微分的概念和运算法则微分在近似计算中的应用中值定理及其应用洛必达(L’Hospital)法则函数的单调性函数的极值函数图形的凹凸性、拐点及渐近线函数的最大值和最小值中国精算师资格考试 原函数与不定积分的概念不定积分的基本性质基本积分公式定积分的概念和基本性质定积分中值定理变上限定积分及导数不定积分和定积分的换元积分法和分部积分法广义积分的概念及计算定积分的应用中国精算师资格考试 ③多元函数微积分中国精算师资格考试 多元函数的概念二元函数的极限与连续性有界闭区间上二元连续函数的性质偏导数的概念与计算多元复合函数及隐函数的求导法高阶偏导数全微分多元函数的极值和条件极值、最大值和最小值二重积分的概念、基本性质和计算***区域上的简单二重积分的计算曲线的切线方程和法线方程中国精算师资格考试 ④级数中国精算师资格考试 常数项级数收敛与发散的概念级数的基本性质与收敛的必要条件几何级数与p级数的收敛性正项级数收敛性的判断任意项级数的绝对收敛与条件收敛交错级数莱布尼茨定理幂级数的概念收敛半

中国精算师资格考试体系简介

中国精算师资格考试体系简介 中国精算师资格考试体系简介中国精算师资格考试体系简介建立中国保险精算制度的基本思路是在其保险精算监管系统中实行首席精算师签字的精算报告制度,制度本身包括两个方面的内容:中国精算师认可制度和保险公司的精算报告制度。 1、中国精算师认可制度 认可制度中国保险业的精算师认可制度是实行考试认可制度。考生通过保险监管部门要求的全部课程考试,可取得中国精算师考试合格证书。 纵观世界各国,大体有两种精算师认可制度。一是考试认可制度,即设定一系列考试课,无论什么教育背景,只要通过全部考试,即可获得精算师资格。这以北美精算师协会和英国精算师协会的考试最为典型,属于这种类型的国家有英、美、加、澳、日本等国家。二是学历认可制度,通常在大学设立精算专业,类似于准精算师和精算师水平,分本科和研究生两个阶段,精算专业研究生毕业,即可获得精算师资格。属于这种类型的有德、法、意、瑞士、西班牙、荷兰、巴西、墨西哥等国家。这两种制度也有其共同点,一是对保险公司的指定精算师或首席精算师,除要求精算师资格外,还要求最低的精算专业从业年限,强调精算工作业绩。 中国精算教育始于1988年南开大学招收第一届中美联合培养

的精算研究生,至今,国内已有近20所院校招收精算专业本科生、研究生,精算教育目前还有迅速发展的趋向。但这些院校师资力量、教学水平差别很大,又没有统一的课程设置标准,如采用学历认可制度,很难控制精算师的质量。有鉴于此,借鉴英、美等国经验,建立中国精算师资格考试制度是符合中国现状的。 中国精算师的职业制度基本思路在考试认可制度下,取得精算师考试合格证书仅是精算师职业制度的开端:①取得中国精算师资格证书者,若以精算师名义在商业保险机构执业,还需向中国保监会申请注册,在取得精算师执业证书后,方可执业:②执业的精算师应加入精算师的专业团体中国精算师协会,每年需参加中国精算师协会规定的职业培训,接受其监督管理;③保险公司聘请一名执业精算师作为公司的首席精算师,并报中国保监会备案(首席精算师需经中国保监会的资格审查认可);④首席精算师离职应当报中国保险监督管理委员会备案。保险公司解除其首席精算师的职务,应当向中国保险监督管理委员会陈述理由,并报中国保险监督管理委员会备案。 2、保险公司精算报告制度 配合中国保险业精算监管系统的建立和完善,中国保监会将逐步建立保险公司的精算报告制度。在每一经营年度完了,保险公司除应向保险监管部门提交精算财务报告外,还必须提供由公司首席精算师签署的有关精算报告,其基本内容是(1)提供各项准备金评估时所采用的精算假设、计算方法、并列明各项准备金结果等;(2)公司偿付能力、财务稳定性分析:(3)模拟、测算不同运营环境下,公司现金

2020年中国精算师考试复习资料(5)

2020年中国精算师考试复习资料(5) 寿险精算实务 考试时间:3小时 考试形式:客观判断题和主观问答题 考试内容和要求: A.寿险基础(分数比例:15%~25%) 1.人寿保险的主要类型 考生应掌握寿险的主要类型,即普通型人寿保险和新型人寿保险。普通型人寿保险有:定期寿险;终身寿险;两全保险;年金保险。新型人 寿保险需要掌握的有:分红保险;投资连结保险;万能保险。 2.保单现金价值与红利 保单现金价值;保单选择权;资产份额;保单红利 3.特殊年金与保险 特殊形式的年金;家庭收入保险;退休收入保单;变额保险产品;可 变计划产品;个人寿险中的残疾给付。 B.定价(分数比例:15%~30%) 1.寿险定价概述 定价的基本概念;寿险定价的主要方法;定价的各种假设 2.资产份额定价法 资产份额定价的过程;资产份额法的基本公式;各种因素对现金流 的影响;保费的调整保费 3.资产份额法的进一步分析

资产份额法的改良;利润变动;资产份额法的其他应用。 C.评估及偿付水平监管(分数比例:25%~35%) 1.准备金 不同视角下的准备金;法定责任准备金的评估方法;评估基础的选择;准备金方法在实务中的应用。 2.负债评估 利率敏感型寿险的评估;年金评估;变额保险的评估及评估的进一步应用 3.寿险公司内涵价值 内含价值的定义;内含价值计算方法;内含价值的具体应用以及评价;具体的计算方法 4.偿付水平监管 偿付水平监管概述;欧盟及北美偿付水平监管实践及其进展;偿付水平监管中的资产评估;偿付水平管理的措施;我国偿付水平监管的实践和发展方向 D.养老金(分数比例:10%~20%) 1.养老金概述 养老金计划的基本概念;精算成本因素;给付分配的精算成本法;成本分配的精算成本法。 2.养老金数理及实例 递增成本的个体成本法;均衡成本的个体成本法;聚合成本法。 E.中国寿险业精算规定及示例(分数比例:5%~15%)

中国精算师考试体系及课程讲解

一、国内精算专业的发展现状 精算起源于英国,若从1693年哈雷设计出第一张生命表算起,精算学在西方已经有三百多年的历史。英国的精算师协会是第一个精算师职业组织,距今已有150多年的历史,然而现在规模最大,拥有最多精算师会员的组织却是美国的北美精算师协会。大多数保险业比较发达的国家都有自己的精算职业和职业组织,一些保险业相对落后的国家也都纷纷在努力建立自己的精算职业,这是应经济发展尤其是金融保险业发展的迫切需要而产生的。 作为一名合格称职的精算师不仅要有扎实的数理基础,而且还要精通投资、统计、税务、财会、金融、管理、法律、计算机、外语等方面的专业知识,因此,精算师的成才,往往需要很长的一段时间。根据国外的经验,培养一个合格的精算师通常需要6-8年的时间。在我国,由于保险业的发展尚处于起步阶段,精算师的培养通常需要更长的时间。 1980年我国保险业恢复营业以来,直至1987年11月南开大学与北美精算学会(Society of Actuaries,SoA)签订精算教育合作协议,并在1988年秋招收了国内首届精算研究生(三年制),设立了我国第一个外国(北美)精算学会的考试中心,并于1992年秋季首次举行SoA考试。这标志着中国高校精算专业系统教育的正式起步。 从某种意义上讲,中国系统的精算教育是从高校的学历教育开始的,而且是从较高的硕士学历教育开始,同时,由于也伴随着建立了高校内的职业资格考试中心,所以也可以看作在中国形成精算行业的

一种开端。从这个意义上讲,中国的精算行业是从高等教育开始的。也正是因为这一点,为中国的精算行业打上了一种烙印:一方面,具有较高的技术起点、队伍年轻、与国际接轨和学科先进整齐的特点;另一方面,也在很大程度上与现实的保险行业或公司经营有距离,实务经验不足,与中国保险业的迅速发展并不是非常匹配。 无论怎样,中国的高校精算教育已有了35年以上的历史,高等学校和外界都付出了很多的努力,培养的学生已成为目前中国精算实务队伍中的主力和骨干。 进入上个世纪90年代以后,国际上金融业尤其是保险行业出现了更迅猛的发展,而且还出现了相互渗透和融合的趋势,金融投资领域中数学方法有了深入和广泛的应用,这些都引起了国际上精算考试教育的多次大的变革,而且这种变革还在进行中。目前中国精算师队伍的主要来源还是高等院校,所以,高等教育中精算专业的学历教育对我国精算职业的健康发展,乃至保险行业的整体发展都是相当重要的。 继南开大学之后,后来又陆续有湖南大学、复旦大学、中央财经大学等多所高校引进了精算教育,开设了精算相关方向或课程。与此同时,精算考试与认证也日渐完善,目前全国已成立了11个北美寿险精算师考试中心(分别设立于南开大学、湖大大学、复旦大学、人

什么是精算师精算师的工作内容

什么是精算师精算师的工作内容 精算师(Actuary)由保险公司雇用的数学专业人员,主要从事保险费、赔付准备金、分红、保险额、退休金、年金等的计算。下面是为大家带来的精算师的工作内容的知识,欢迎阅读。 什么是精算师 精算师(Actuary)由保险公司雇用的数学专业人员,主要从事保险费、赔付准备金、分红、保险额、退休金、年金等的计算。其计算依据理赔参照表,而这份表格是基于本公司和同行索赔的经验及相关统计数据而制定的。精算师,拉丁语意思“经营”,是一种处理金融风险的商业性职业。 精算师采用数学、经济、财政和统计工具主要处理一些与保险、再保险公司相关的不确定的事件。另外,还与雇员保险金(医疗保险和退休金计划)、社会福利工程(社会保障和社会护理)有关。大部份的精算师都会于财产保险或人寿保险公司工作,工作范围包括设计新品种的保险产品,计算有关产品之保费及所需的准备金,为保险公司作风险评估及制定投资方针,并定期作出检讨及跟进。其余的精算师主要在咨询公司(主要的客户是规模较小的保险公司及银行)、养老金投资公司、医疗保险公司及投资公司工作。 工作内容 保险精算师的工作范围

①保险产品的设计:通过对人们保险需求的调查,设计新的保险条款,而保险条款的设计必须兼顾人们的不同需要,具有定价的合理性、管理的可行性以及市场的竞争性; ②保险费率的计算:根据以往的寿命统计、现行银行利率和费用率等资料,以确定保单的价格; ③准备金和保单现金价值的计算; ④调整保费率及保额:根据社会的需要及时间,调整保费率和保障程度,以增加吸引力和竞争力; ⑤审核公司的年底财务报告 ⑥投资方向的把握:对公司的各项投资进行评估,以确保投资的安全和收益; ⑦参与公司的发展计划:为公司未来的经济决策提供有效的数据支持和专业建议。 精算师的分类 精算师通常分为人身和意外两类。人身保险精算师处理与疾病、健康、自然死亡相关的人寿险、年金险、养老险、残障险和医疗险所承担的风险。意外保险精算师主要处理人和财产遭受突发意外事件的风险。在一些国家称作普通保险,在美国则称作财产/意外保险,而且意外和责任是相同概念。这些风险包括汽车险、个人住宅保险、商业财产险、职员补偿险、权利险、医疗事故险、产品责任险、雇主责任险、环保责任险和其他责任险。

精算师考试科目

精算师考试科目 精算师考试科目 新体系分为准精算师和精算师两个层次。 (一)准精算师部分 准精算师部分由八门专业课程及一门职业道德教育课程组成。 具体课程名称和主要内容如下: (注:1、课程A1-A8均为3小时笔试。2、考生在通过了A1-A8 全部课程后,还需参加为期一天的中国准精算师《A9职业道德教育》课程的培训,方可获得中国准精算师资格。) (二)精算师部分 中国精算师资格考试精算师层次考试课程分为寿险和非寿险两个方向,所有课程均为4小时笔试。 1、寿险方向 精算师(寿险方向)的考试由七门专业课程及一门职业道德教育课程组成,具体课程名称如下: FC1《保险法及相关法规》 FC2《保险公司财务管理》 FC3*《健康保险》 FC4*《投资学》 FL1《个人寿险与年金精算实务》 FL2《资产负债管理》

FL3*《员工福利计划》 (注:*号的课程为当前尚未开考的课程,具体的开考时间将根据课程的建设情况陆续公布。) 2、非寿险方向 精算师(非寿险方向)的考试由七门专业课程及一门职业道德教育课程组成,具体课程名称如下: FC1《保险法及相关法规》 FC2《保险公司财务管理》 FC3*《健康保险》 FC4*《投资学》 FG1*《非寿险精算实务》 FG2*《非寿险定价》 FG3*《非寿险责任准备金评估》 (注:*号的课程为当前尚未开考的课程,具体的开考时间将根据课程的建设情况陆续公布。) 在获得中国准精算师资格的前提下,只要满足以下其中一个系列的要求,即可获得中国精算师资格: 系列一(寿险方向):通过FC1、FC2和FL1课程,并在FC3、FC4、FL2、和FL3这4门课程中至少通过2门课程。 系列二(非寿险方向):通过FC1、FG1、FG2和FG3课程,并在 FC2、FC3和FC4这3门课程中至少通过1门课程。 在满足上述考试课程的要求后,还需参加为期一天的中国精算师职业道德教育课程的培训,方可获得中国精算师资格。

最新准精算师考试材料

准精算师考试材料

(一)科目名称:数学基础I 1、科目代码:01 2、考试时间: 3小时 3、考试形式:标准化试题 4、考试内容: (1)微积分(分数比例:60%) ①函数、极限、连续 函数的概念及性质反函数复合函数隐函数分段函数基本初等函数的性质初等函数数列极限与函数极限的概念函数的左、右极限无穷小和无穷大的概念及其关系无穷小的比较极限的四则运算 函数连续与间断的概念初等函数的连续性闭区间上连续函数的性质 ②一元函数微积分 导数的概念函数可导性与连续性之间的关系导数的四则运算基本初等函数的导数复合函数、反函数和隐函数的导数高阶导数微分的概念和运算法则微分在近似计算中的应用中值定理及其应用洛必达(L’Hospital)法则函数的单调性函数的极值函数图形的凹凸性、拐点及渐近线函数的最大值和最小值 原函数与不定积分的概念不定积分的基本性质基本积分公式定积分的概念和基本性质定积分中值定理变上限定积分及导数不定积分和定积分的换元积分法和分部积分法广义积分的概念及计算定积分的应用 ③多元函数微积分 多元函数的概念二元函数的极限与连续性有界闭区间上二元连续函数的性质偏导数的概念与计算多元复合函数及隐函数的求导法高阶偏导数全微分多元函数的极值和条件极值、最大值和最小值二重积分的概念、基本性质和计算无界区域上的简单二重积分的计算曲线的切线方程和法线方程 ④级数 常数项级数收敛与发散的概念级数的基本性质与收敛的必要条件几何级数与p 级数的收敛性正项级数收敛性的判断任意项级数的绝对收敛与条件收敛交错级数莱布尼茨定理幂级数的概念收敛半径和收敛区间幂级数的和函数幂级数在收敛区间内的基本性质简单幂级数的和函数的求法初等函数的幂级数展开式泰勒级数与马克劳林级数 ⑤常微分方程 微分方程的概念可分离变量的微分方程齐次微分方程一阶线性微分方程二阶常系数线性微分方程的求解特解与通解 (2)线性代数(分数比例:30%) ①行列式 n级排列行列式的定义行列式的性质行列式按行(列)展开行列式的计算克莱姆法则 ②矩阵 矩阵的定义及运算矩阵的初等变换初等矩阵矩阵的秩几种特殊矩阵可逆矩阵及矩阵的逆的求法分块矩阵 ③线性方程组 求解线性方程组的消元法 n维向量及向量间的线性关系线性方程组解的结构 ④向量空间

保监会对中国精算师管理办法征求意见精算师考试.doc

保监会对中国精算师管理办法征求意见-精算师考试 为了规范精算师的资格管理和执业活动,维护保险市场秩序,促进保险业健康发展,我会起草了《中国精算师管理办法(征求意见稿)》。现面向社会公开征求意见。 中国保监会 2008年4月2日 中国精算师管理办法(征求意见稿) 第一条 为了规范精算师的资格管理和执业活动,维护保险市场秩序,促进保险业健康发展,根据《中华人民共和国保险法》制定本办法。 第二条 本规定所称精算师是指取得中国精算师资格证书,在保险及相关行业中,运用数学方法进行保险产品定价、资产负债评估、风险管理等活动的专业人员。 第三条 中国精算师协会是精算师的全国性社团组织,对精算师进行自律管理。 第四条

中国保监会依照国务院的授权,对精算师、中国精算师协会进行监督和指导。 第五条 精算师实行全国统一考试制度。由中国精算师协会组织实施。 第六条 精算师资格考试分为准精算师考试和精算师考试两个阶段。 第七条 年满十八岁、具有本科以上学历或者本科在读的人员,可以报名参加精算师资格考试。 通过准精算师考试或者精算师考试的人员,可以向中国精算师协会申领《中国准精算师资格证书》或者《中国精算师资格证书》(以下统一简称《资格证书》)。 第八条 具有国外精算师资格或者通过国外精算师考试科目的人员,可以申领《资格证书》。具体申领办法由中国精算师协会另行规定,并报中国保监会备案。 第九条 具有《资格证书》,并在保险领域从事精算工作的人员,应当向中国精算师协会申请注册为会员。 第十条

有下列情形之一的人员,中国精算师协会不予注册为会员: (一)因故意犯罪被判处刑罚的; (二)因欺诈等不诚信行为或者金融违法行为受到行政处罚的; (三)中国精算师协会规定的不予注册的其他情形。 中国精算师协会会员注册管理办法,由中国精算师协会另行规定。 第十一条 精算师执业应当遵守法律、行政法规和国家有关规定,恪守精算师职业道德,遵循执业纪律。 第十二条 精算师执业应当遵守诚实、公正的原则,维护精算师行业声誉,履行精算师行业对公众所负的责任。 第十三条 精算师应当保证精算方法和精算假设的合规性、合理性,确保精算结果合理,并对提供的资料和精算结果负责。 精算师不得提供虚假的信息和精算结果。 第十四条 在保险领域从事精算工作,精算师有权获得从事业务工作所必需的数据、文件和资料。精算师应当对工作所用的数据、文件和资料的真实性进行必要的审核,对数据、文件和资料真实性存在疑问的,应当在有关报告中予以披露。

2020年中国精算师考试模拟试题及答案

2020年中国精算师考试模拟试题及答案选择题 1、察一批产品的合格率p,其样本空间为Ω=( )。 A.{0 B.{0≤p≤1} C.{p≤1} D.{p≥0} E.{p≥1} 2、设一次试验成功的概率为p,实行100次独立重复试验,当 p=_____时,成功次数的方差的值,其值为____。( ) A.1/2,25 B.1/2,50 C.1/2,5 D.1/4,25 E.1/4,5 3、设在某一天内走进一个商店的人数是数学期望等于100的随机变量,又设这些顾客所花的钱是10元的相互独立的随机变量,再设一个顾客花钱时和进入商店的总人数独立,则在给定的一天内,顾客们在该店所花钱的期望值是( )。 A.10 B.100 C.1000

E.无法计算 4、正态近似假设下,根据部分信度的平方根法则,已知==2000,=900,求。 A.0.67 B.0.45 C.1.49 D.2.22 E.0.73 5、①会计是一种计量的技术;②会计是一个信息系统,旨在向利益相关的各方传输经济信息;③会计是一种管理活动,是使经营管理责任得以落实的手段;④会计信息的决策有用性反映会计所具有的功能。以上关于会计含义的说法,准确的是( )。 A.①②③ B.①②④ C.①③④ D.②③④ E.①②③④ 6、-个电路上安装有甲、乙两根保险丝,当电流强度超过一定值时,甲烧断的概率为0.82,乙烧断的概率为0.74,两根保险丝同时烧断的概率为0.63。则至少烧断一根保险丝的概率是( )。 A.0.08 B.0.63

D.0.93 E.0.96 7、以下会计信息的使用者,属于企业内部利益相关者的是( ) A.投资人 B.管理层* C.政府 D.企业雇员 E.注册会计师事务所 8、以A表示事件“喜欢喝可乐且不喜欢喝橙汁”,则A的对立事件为( )。 A.“不喜欢喝可乐且喜欢喝橙汁” B.“喜欢喝可乐且喜欢喝橙汁” C.“不喜欢喝可乐或喜欢喝橙汁” D.“不喜欢喝可乐且不喜欢喝橙汁” E.“喜欢喝可乐或喜欢喝橙汁” 9、下列财务指标,无法对5C评估法中客户的“水平”实行评价的是( )。 A.资产负债率 B.速动比率 C.流动比率 D.总资产报酬率

中国精算师考试用书

2007年春季中国精算师资格考试考试大纲 准精算师部分科目01~09 01数学基础Ⅰ 考试时间:3小时 考试形式:客观判断题(单项选择题) 考试内容和要求: 考生应掌握微积分、线性代数和运筹学的基本概念和主要内容。 A. 微积分(分数比例约为60%) 1. 函数、极限、连续 2. 一元函数微积分 3. 多元函数微积分 4. 级数 5. 常微分方程 B. 线性代数(分数比例约为30%) 1. 行列式 2. 矩阵 3. 线性方程组 4. 向量空间 5. 特征值和特征向量 6. 二次型 C. 运筹学(分数比例约为10%) 1. 线性规划 2. 整数规划 3. 动态规划 1 参考书目: 1. 《高等数学讲义》(第二篇数学分析)樊映川编著高等教育出版社 2. 《线性代数》胡显佑四川人民出版社 3. 《运筹学》(第三版)第1~5章2005年《运筹学》教材编写组清华大学出版社 考生也可自行选择参考其他同等水平的参考书。 02数学基础Ⅱ 考试时间:3小时 考试形式:客观判断题(单项选择题) 考试内容和要求: A. 概率论(分数比例约为50%) 1. 概率的计算、条件概率、全概公式和贝叶斯公式 2. 随机变量的数字特征,特征函数; 3. 联合分布律、边际分布函数及边际概率密度的计算 4. 大数定律及其应用 5. 条件期望和条件方差 6. 混合型随机变量的分布函数、期望和方差等 B. 数理统计(分数比例约为35%) 1. 统计量及其分布

2. 参数估计 3. 假设检验 4. 方差分析 5. 列联分析 C. 应用统计(分数比例约为15%) 1. 回归分析 2. 时间序列分析(移动平滑,指数平滑法及ARIMA模型) 参考书目: 1.《概率论与数理统计》茆诗松,周纪芗编著,中国统计出版社1996年7月第1版。 2.《统计预测——方法与应用》(第4,6,8章),易丹辉编著,中国统计出版社,2001年4月第一版。 考生也可参看其他同等水平的参考书。 03复利数学 考试时间:2小时 考试形式:客观判断题(单项选择题) 考试内容和要求: 考生应掌握利息的基本概念(利息的度量、利息问题的求解)、年金(年金的一般和标准类型)、收益率(收益率的含义和计算)、债务偿还(分期偿还计划和偿债基金)、债券与其他证券、利息理论的应用。理解考试内容涉及到的概念和计算公式以及公式的应用。 A. 利息的基本概念(分数比例约为15%) 1. 利息的度量,包括:名义利率与实际利率、单利与复利、名义贴现率与实际贴现率、利息强度。 2. 利息问题的求解,包括:价值方程、投资期的确定、未知时间问题、未知利率问题。 B. 年金(分数比例约为20%) 1. 年金的标准型,包括:期初付年金与期末付年金、任意时刻年金、永续年金以及年金的非标准期、未知时间、未知利率等问题的求解。 2. 年金的一般型,包括:利率变动的年金、付款频率与计息频率不同的年金、连续年金、基本变化年金、一般变化年金和连续变化年金。 C. 收益率(分数比例约为20%) 1. 收益率,包括:现金流分析、收益率的含义、再投资收益率的计算。 2. 收益率的应用,包括:基金收益率、时间加权收益率、投资组合法与投资年法、资本预算与收益率曲线。 D. 债务偿还(分数比例约为20%) 1. 分期偿还计划,包括:贷款余额的计算、偿还频率与计息频率相同和不相同时的分期偿还表、变动偿还系列、连续偿还的分期偿还表。 2. 偿债基金,包括:偿债基金表、偿还频率与计息频率不同时的偿债基金法、变动偿还系列。 E. 债券与其他证券(分数比例约为15%) 1. 债券,包括:债券价格、债券的折价与溢价、票息支付周期内债券的定价、债券收益率的确定。 2. 其他类型的证券,包括:可赎回债券、系列债券、其他证券。

相关文档
相关文档 最新文档