初中动词专项复习

初中动词专项复习

一动词的分类

动词包括

1.实义动词：能独立做谓语，具有实际的意义。

2.系动词：不能单独做谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语，说明主语的状态。

3. 助动词: 本身无意义，不能单独做谓语，必须和动词一起用，构成时态，语态，疑问句，否定句等。

4. 情态动词：本身有意义，但主要表达说话人的语气，在句子中必须和动词一起构成谓语

二动词的形式、

实义动词可以分为：及物动词和不及物动词

1.及物动词：本身意思不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意义完整

例如：I tell………(x)I tell him a story.(√)

2. 不及物动词：本身意思完整，不需要接宾语。

例如：They work in Beijing.

The rain stops.

实义动词还可以分为延续性动词(持续动词)和非延续性动词(短暂动词）

1延续性动词：表示动词是可以持续的，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用

例如：live, stay, work, keep, study, teach

I have lived here for two years

2.非延续性动词：表示瞬间动作，动作一发生便结束，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，如果和表示一段时间的状语连用，需要用其他词代替。

例如：buy, borrow, lend, die, begin, stop, go, come, join等等

例如：He has gone away for two years. (x)

改正: He has been away for two years. (√)

系动词：包括Be动词和感官动词以及become(变得）get (变得, seem, turn (变得, keep(保持）感官动词：look(看起来), sound(听起来), smell (闻起来), taste(尝起来),feel(感觉)

系动词的特点：

1.系动词后+形容词

例如：She looks .

A. friendly

B. beautifully

C. Politely

2. 系动词没有被动语态

例如: This kind of cloth soft.

A. is felt

B. feels

C. was felt

D. is feeling

3. 系动词不用进行时

常用的助动词：do, does, did , have/has(现在完成时), be动词,（进行时）will

例如：Do you like watching TV? Yes, I do.

I have gone to Beijing

Have you finished your homework? No, I haven’t

I was cooking at seven yesterday

Will you help me ? No, I will not.

（备注：助动词有时候表示强调语气。）

例如：They did help me.

在倒装句中也常用助

例如：Not only me, but also he often encouraged me.

A. he helped

B. helped he

C. he did help

D. did he help

情态动词按照语气由强到弱包括：

Must---should---can(could)---may(might)

情态动词特点：

①不受主语限制：I must get up

He must get up.

②情态动词后接动词原形: They can help (help) me

.③need: 有情态动词和实义动词两种词性

例如：I need buy a book 否定句：I need not buy a book.

I need to buy a book. 否定句：I don’t need to buy a book

例题：He drink water.

A、needn’t to B. doesn’t need

C. doesn’t need to

D. don’t need to

三、动词的形式包括：（以live 为例子）

名称形式适用情况

动词原形live 一般现在时(主语为非三单）

动词三单lives 一般现在时(主语为第三人称单数）

动词过去式lived 一般过去时中

动词过去分词lived 现在完成时以及被动语态中

动词现在分词living 进行时中

动词的不定式to live 通常表示目的和即将做的动作

备注：在用动词的适当形式填空的题型中，应从这六种形式着手思考，

不可以随便添加词。

例如：They want (live) in Beijing.

（一）动词第三人称单数的变化规则

情况变化规律例子

1.大多数动词+ “ s ” work----works

2. 以o,x,s,ch,sh +“ es ” go------goes

结尾的动词

3. 元音字母+y + “ s “ play---plays

4.辅音字母+y 变y为i+ “ es” study---studies

（二）动词过去式以及过去分词的变化规则

情况变化规律例子

1.大多数情况+ed work----worked

2. 以不发音的+ d live-----lived

e 的结尾

3. 辅音字母+y 变y为i+ed try----tried

4. 元音字母+y +ed stay---stayed

5.一个单词中只双写最后一

有一个元音字母，个字母+ ed stop---stopped

且这个元音字母

后只有一个辅音字母

6. 不规则动词------参看不规则动词表

（三）现在分词的变化规则情况

变化规则例子

1大多数情况+ing read----reading

2. 以不发音的e结尾去e+ing come---coming

3.一个单词中只

有一个元音字母，双写+ing swim---swimming 且这个元音字母

后只有一个辅音字母

4. 少数以ie结尾变ie为y+ing lie-----lying die----dying

四、不规则动词小结

A------A-------A型动词

read------read----read put—put----put

cut-----cut----cut shut---shut---shut

cost---cost---cost hurt---hurt----hurt

hit-----hit-----hit let----let-----let

set----set----set

A---B----B A----B-----C

leave—left—left do----did----done

bring----brought—brought come----came---come

buy---bought---bought give-----gave----given

get---got---got wim-----swam---swum

have—had---had take-----took-----taken hear—heard—heard eat----ate-----eaten

lose—lost---lost go-----went------gone

make---made—made rise-----rose----risen

meet---met---met see----saw----seen

send---sent---sent speak----spoke---spoken

sweep---swept—swept

tell----told---told

英语中容易混淆的动词以及词组

1 arrive/get/reach区别

arrive in+大地方arrive at+小地方

get to+地点reach+地点

例如：He Beijing yesterday.

A. got

B. arrived

C. reached

2. borrow/lend/keep

b orrow…..from(向…借）----短暂动词，不和一段时间搭配

lend……to(把….借给）----短暂动词，不和一段时间搭配

keep:保存------- 持续动词

例如：How long can I your book? For two weeks

A. keep

B. borrow

C. lend

3. wear/put on/ dress

wear(表示“穿“的状态---衣服颜色、漂亮）

put on(表示“穿“的动作）

dress+人

例如: My son is old enough to himself.

A.Put on

B. wear

C. dress

4. bring/take/carry/fetch

bring----带来（bring…..to)

take---- 带走（take…to )

carry--- 搬运，扛

fetch---去拿再取回来

5. look/see/watch

look---不及物动词，必须和at一起用

See--- 强调看的结果

Watch---看（电视、比赛）

6. speak/tell/say/talk

1).speak+语言2). say+说话的具体内容

3). tell+人to do 4.) talk to/ with+人

tell +人not to do talk about+事情

例如：please hello to your teacher.

A. say

B. speak

C. talk

D. tell

7. spend/cost/take/pay

spend用法：主语+spend+时间/金钱+doing

(主语为人）主语+spend+时间+with+人

主语+spend+金钱on +物

pay用法：pay…….for(主语为人）

cost用法：It cost+人+钱（主语为It)

take用法：It takes +人+时间+to do

8. Look for/find

look for---强调寻找的过程find---强调寻找的结果

例如：He is his pen, but he can’t it

A. looking for, find

B. finding; look for

C. find, find

9. listen to/ hear

listen---强调听的过程hear--- 强调听的结果

10. lose/forget/leave

lose---丢失forget—忘记(forget to do/doing) leave+ 物+地点例如：I my pen at home. A. lost B. forgot C. left 11. join/take part in/ attend

Join—加入党派，俱乐部等take part in---参加活动或聚会Attend---出席会议

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/882845882.html,ed to do/be used to doing s.th/be used to do

used to do---过去常常做而现在不做了

be used to doing s.th----习惯做……

be used to do---被用来做……

例如: He , but now he has given up smoking.

A used to smoke B. is used to smoke C. is used to smoking

初中英语语法知识—动词的知识点总复习含解析(1)

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4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界 7 along with同……一道，伴随……eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西） 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时 14 at the beginning of …………的起初；……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信 18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原）能够…… 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕……

(完整版)初中英语动词时态专项练习(带答案)

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