Unit 4 Turn off TV

Unit 4 Turn off TV: A Quiet Hour

Before Reading

1. TV: Past and Present

A demonstration of television was held at the New York World's Fair in 1939, and during the 1940s networks were established and television sets began to be sold. But, for a while, radio still had complete control of the entertainment industry.

In the early 1950s, the television started to take the place of radio in the United States. But television was only on in the evenings with few choices of stations and in less than one-third of American homes.

In the early 1960s, over 750 TV stations were telecasted to about 52 million sets with the result that the American TV audience included almost every family. But today, virtually every American home has TV and two-thirds of American families have two or more sets, two-thirds have cable. There are a thousand stations with a choice of five or six channels all over the country, not counting in the cable programs one can buy.

The Big Three of the networks are: the National Broadcasting Company (NBC), the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS), and the American Broadcasting Company (ABC).

Besides networks, there are also another two TV broadcasting, one is cable TV, community antenna television (CATV); the other is pay TV, also known as toll TV or subscription TV. The latter is different from the former in that it

originates its own programs and charges a fee for viewing each program.

But since the first modern home TV set was marketed in 1939, TV's influence on America, for both good and bad has become a major force in determining how people relax and behave. The consequences are staggering. Studies show that the lives of Americans, from their selection of food to their choices of political leaders, are deeply affected by TV, and that influence is growing.

It is clear that television has become one of the world's most important sources of information, opinion, and entertainment. We can learn about places we shall never visit, we see important events as they take place; some programs we watch purely for entertainment. It gives us the best seats in the theater, at a rock concert, or at the Olympic Games. It also beams us pictures of war and disaster, the conquering of space, and other world events as they happen.

2. TV Program

Directions: Find the English names of the following Chinese programs.

国际频道International Channel

东方时空Oriental Horizon

焦点访谈Focus Interview

新闻联播Network News

科技博览Panorama of Science & Technology

文化视点Cultural Perspective

读书时间Off the Shelf

综艺大观Variety Show

天涯共此时Sharing the Moment with You 电影频道Movie Channel

电视你我他CCTV & Its Audience

世界报道Report on World Affairs

海峡两岸Across the Strait

中国报道China Report

Review

3. Poem Understanding

Directions: Listen to the short poem and answer the question.

What does the last line imply?

In the house

Of Mr. & Mrs. Spouse

He and She

Would watch TV,

And never a word

Between them was spoken

Until the day

The set was broken.

Then, “How do you do?”

Said He to She.

“I don’t believe we’ve met.

Spouse is my name.”

“What’s yours?” he asked.

“Why, mine’s the same.”

Said She to He.

“Do you suppose we could be…?”

But the set came suddenly right about

And they never did find out.

4. Generation Gap

The term is used to mean differences in ideas, life styles and attitudes between older and younger people, differences which will be result in a lack of understanding between them and frequently lead to confrontations.

5. Divorce Rate

High divorce rate is a major social problem in the US. At present, it is estimated, about one quarter to one third of all American marriages end in divorce. Although different in opinions, some studies indicate that there are more cases with the following reasons:

A) low incomes

B) inadequate education

C) marriage at a very young age

The immediate result that arises from the high divorce rate is an increasing number of single parent homes.

6. Topic-related Prediction

1. Do you often watch TV? Why or why not?

2. What programs do you like best? Why?

3. What are the disadvantages of watching too much TV?

4. Why does the author suggest turning off TV?

5. What other activities are suggested instead of watching TV? Global Reading

1. Part Division of the Text

Part1 (1-3): The author proposes that every evening, for 60 to

90 minutes, all television broadcasting in the U.S. be

prohibited by law.

Part2 (4-28): The author mentions some problems caused by watching too much TV and suggests some activities

to fill the time when turning off TV.

Part3 (29-42): People could have more fun if they turned off TV for one or two hours every day as they did in the

past.

2. Further Understanding

For Part 1 True or False

1. The author feels that the amount of time his countrymen

spend on watching TV is too much. (T)

2. The author proposes to stop the television broadcasting on evening news in the United States.(F)

The author proposes to stop the television broadcasting right after the early evening news in the United States.

3. The time suggested by the author to turn off the TV is 90 minutes.(F)

The time suggested by the author to turn off the TV is 60 to 90 minutes.

Review

Multiple Choice

What functions does the first paragraph serve?

A ) Introduction

B ) Describing the proposal in detail

C ) Explaining why the author put forward his proposal

For Part 2 Scanning

Discussion: Read the text and summarize the benefits of turning off TV for an hour.

People could

1. communicate with each other better

2. find more active entertainments

3. read books so that they are well-educated

4. read stories aloud

5. watch the sunset

6. see the neighborhood

7. might come up with better programs

Blank Filling

Directions: Find specific details to support the following argument.

Argument: I would like to propose that all television broadcasting in the United States be prohibited for

sixty to ninety minutes by laws.

Support I: Less family communications were resulted from the distraction of TV.

Support II: Families could discover more active pastimes

rather than just sit rooted in front of TV.

Support III: With free time and no TV, children and adults would be better educated by means of reading. Support IV: As an alternative to silent reading, reading good stories aloud can bring family closer and also force

TV networks come up with quality programs. Conclusion: An hour without the distraction of TV is not radical at all.

Questions and Answers

1.Why does the author think that it might be radical to

Americans at the first glance?

2.How long has the TV controlled the Americans’li fe?

3.What is the purpose of the example in the last

paragraph?

Review

Detailed Reading

Many people in the United States spend most of their free time watching television. Certainly, there are many worthwhile （worthwhile: sufficiently valuable or important to justify the expenditure of time or effort ）programs on television, including news, educational programs for children, programs on current social problems, plays, movies, concerts, and so on. Nevertheless, perhaps people should not be spending so much of their time in front of the TV. Mr. Mayer imagines what we might do if we were forced to find other activities.

Turning Off TV: A Quiet Hour

Robert Mayer

●I would like to propose（vt.suggest; put forward for consideration）that for sixty to ninety minutes each evening, right after the early evening news, all television broadcasting in the United States be prohibited（vt. forbid (especially by rules or laws) by law.

●Let us take a serious, reasonable look at what the results might be if such a proposal were accepted. Families might use the time for a real family hour. Without the distraction of TV,

problems — everything, in fact, from the generation gap to the

What does a real

family hour refer to?It refers to an hour when family members might sit around together, doing sth. meaningful like talking to each other and reading novels,etc.Paraphrase the sentence:If there had not been for the distraction of TV, they might sit around together after dinner and really talk to one another. 介词短语without…相当于一个以if 引导的条件从句，常用虚拟语气。Without his pension, he would have starved.

但是，without有时也不用虚拟语气。

I can’t do it without your help.

表示“希望你能帮我”。

I couldn’t do it without your help.

表示“事实上你会帮我的”。

1. What can we infer about the writer’s attitude?

TV has taken people away too much so that the lack of communication has caused many social problems.

2. Translate this sentence into Chinese.

众所周知，我们的许多问题——事实上是所有的问题，从代沟、高离婚率到某些精神疾病——至少部分是由于缺乏交流而引起的。

●We do not tell each other what is disturbing1) make worried2) break the peace or order of）us. The result is emotional difficulty of one kind or another. By using the quiet family hour to discuss our problems, we might get to（begin by chance; begin to ）know each other better, and to like each other better.

●On evenings when such talk is unnecessary, families could rediscover more active pastimes（n.anything done to pass time pleasantly ）. Freed from（get rid of）TV, forced to

find their own activities, they might take a ride together to watch the sunset. Or they might take a walk together (remember feet?) and see the neighborhood with fresh, new eyes.

●With free time and no TV, children and adults might rediscover reading. There is more entertainment in a good book than in a month of typical（adj.representative or characteristic）TV programming.

1. What can be inferred from the text?

It can be inferred that the author regards watching TV as a passive pastime.

2. What do “active pastimes”mean?

Compared to watching TV, active pastimes refer to those activities that require physical or mental exercises. Reading, for instance, can be active. Exercising is physically active, too.

3. Can you suggest some active pastimes?

Aerobics,playing games,reading,sports,taking a riding 4. Why does the author use the rhetorical question “remember feet?”

This rhetorical question implies that Americans are now so used to traveling by car or other vehicles that many people almost forget that they can walk to some place. This perhaps can also explain why America is sometimes nicknamed as “a country on wheels”.

5. Why does the author encourage us to “to see the neighborhood with fresh, new eyes”?

We might pass the neighborhood everyday but have no time to enjoy it. When we are back from work, we prefer to stay at

home, watching TV to kill time rather than going out. Seeing it with fresh, new eyes might help us to find something we haven’t noticed before and appreciate the neighborhood even more.

6. What does the word “rediscover”mean?

It means “to find again”. After TV appeared, people spend more time watching and less time reading, and to some extent, reading has almost been forgotten. Now with no TV to watch, people might pick up reading again.

Review

●Educators report that the generation growing up with television can barely（adv. hardly, just, only, almost not ）write an English sentence, even at the college level.

to read and write）new generation could be a product（n. sth.

1. Do you think reading can improve writing? In what way?

It is generally accepted that reading can help us learn writing. When we read, we can actually enjoy the writing. Besides, we can develop our sense of language, and observe writing skills. Therefore, reading a lot of good books can help to improve our writing ability.

2. What does the author imply in this sentence?

If children had formed the habit of reading worthwhile books instead of watching TV for at least one hour each day, they would certainly be more cultured than they are now.

●A different form of reading might also be done, as it was in the past: reading aloud. Few pastimes bring a family closer together than gathering around and listening to mother or father read a good story. The quiet hour could become the story hour. When the quiet hour ends, the TV networks might

answer, a reply, etc.) better shows in order to get us back from our newly discovered activities

1.What can we infer from the writer’s attitude towards TV program?

It’s obvious that some TV programs are not worth watching. If people can obtain pleasure from their active pastimes, the TV networks will be challenged to produce better programs to draw their attention back.

●At first glance（at first look）, the idea of an hour without TV seems radical. What will parents do without the electronic baby-sitter? How will we spend the time?

1.What does electronic baby-sitter refer to?

It refers to TV. Since TV programs can attract and hold the attention of children, their parents can leave them unattended while the machine is on.

●But it is not radical at all. It has been only twenty-five years since television came to control American free time. Those of us thirty-five and older can remember childhoods without television, spent partly with radio —which at least involved（1. have as a part or result2. cause to be mixed up (in sth.)the listener’s imagination —but also with reading, learning, talking, playing games, inventing new activities. It wasn’t that difficult. Honest. The truth is we had a ball.

1. Paraphrase the sentence.

I’m telling you the truth: we Americans used to have a very good time before TV came into our life.

2. Translate this sentence

真的。那时我们确实过得很开心。

After Reading

1. Useful Expressions

1. 当今社会问题current social problem s

2. 关掉电视turn off TV

3. 我想建议…I would like to propose that…

4. 晚间新闻evening news

5. 严肃而通情达理地来看…Let’s take a serious, reasonable look at…

6. 依法禁止be prohibited by law

7.采纳建议a proposal is accepted

8. 电视的干扰distraction of TV

9. 围坐一团sit around together

10. 代沟generation gap

11.高离婚率high divorce rate

12. 精神病mental illness

13. 无法沟通fail to communicate

14. 情感障碍emotional difficulty

15. 看日出/日落watch sunrise/sunset

16. 带着新奇的眼光去看see…with fresh, new eyes

17. 伴随电视成长的一代the generation growing up with television

18. 制作好节目come up with good shows

19. 需发挥想像involve imagination

20. 过得开心have a ball

21. 电视台television broadcasting

22. 积极的消遣 active pastime

23. 大学水平at college level

24. 值得看的电视节目worthwhile TV program s

25. 偏激的想法radical idea

26. 有文化的一代a literate generation

2. Interview

Form a group of four and interview your group mates about the following issues.

3.Discussion and Debate

Television has been around in the world for several decades, and it is still a controversial topic —that is, a topic that arouses strong and often contradictory opinions when people discuss it. What do you think about watching TV? It is a useful activity or a waste of time?

1. Form a team as a Positive or Negative side to collect ideas.

2. Study the following language input.

3. Get ready for debate according to the following outlines given below.

Topic: Is TV a Plus or Minus?

Outline 1 (Argument for)

T alk about the advantages of TV according to the outline given below.

Advantages:

●a convenient & cheap source of entertainment

●offering educational programs as well as exciting ones

●keeping people informed of current events

●helping people to keep up with developments in science &

technology

●giving a great comfort to lonely old people

Outline 2 (Argument against)

T alk about the disadvantages

of TV.

Disadvantages:

●a totally passive pastime

●taking up too much time of people’s free time

●distracting people from their work & study

●making children nearsighted & otherwise weak physically

●corrupting children with

Review

Language Tips: Showing Attitudes

1）Asking for opinions

1.What’s your opinion of…?

2.What do you think of…?

3.How do you feel about…?

4.I was wondering what your

opinion of…was?

5.What about…?

2) Giving Opinions

1.I’d like to point out…

2.As far as I’m concerned,…

3.In my opinion,…

4.From my point of view, I think…

5.Personally, I think…

6.Frankly, I think…

7.As far as I’m able to judge…

8.The point is…

Language Tips: Showing Attitudes

3）Agreement

1.I agree entirely.

2.I totally agree.

3.I couldn’t agree more.

4.I agree with you on that.

5.That’s just what I was thinking.

6.You know, that’s exactly what I think.

7.That’s a good point.

4) Disagreement

1.Do you really think so?

2.I wouldn’t agree. / I don’t agree. / I disagree.

3.I see what you mean, but.

4.Yes, that’s a quite true, but…

5. Well, you have a point there, but…

6.I can’t accept that.

7.Perhaps, but don’t you think that…

8.I can’t agree with you there.

Informal

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/8b3079068.html,e off it!

2.Don’t be so silly!

3.You must be joking.

4. Vocabulary Exercises

Directions:Choose the best one to complete the following

1. Our class ______ that Li Ping be our monitor.

A. said

B. elected

C. proposed

D. demanded

2. There are some mistakes in your writing. You should rewrite _______ .

A. in part

B. into a part

C. partially

D. now and then

3. Amy looks very anxious. Do you know what _______ her?

A. will disturb

B. had disturbed

C. was disturbing

D. is disturbing

4. When a child grows up, he learns to ________ others.

A. speak to

B. communicate with

C. agree with

D. communicate to

5. Whenever we come to Mary for help, she can always _____ with good ideas.

A. come up with

B. produce with

C. put up with

D. come to

6. I don’t like to _______ others in my own trouble.

A. drag

B. involve

C. invite

D. join

7. At first _______ , this carpet is very beautiful.

A. stare

B. peer

C. glance

D. glimpse

8. Smoking is ________ in many public places.

Unit 2 Book 5 单词讲解

Unit 2 Book 5 单词讲解 1. consist vi. 在于，存在于，组成，构成，一致，适合 习惯搭配：consist of 由…组成，由…构成，包括（不能用于被动语态和进行时态）=be made up of This club consists of more than 200 members.这个俱乐部由２００位以上的会员构成。 Consist in在于…（存在于）Consist with 与…一致 Theory should consist with practice.理论要与实践并存。 2. divide divide 意为“把一个整体分成若干个部分”常与into，among, between 搭配 divide… into 把…分成 divide sth. among sb.在…分配 divide sth. with sb. 与…分担divide… by…用…除以Divide ten by two,and you get five. 10除以2得5。 3. clarify ['kl?rifai] vt. 1. 澄清；说明，阐明，讲清楚: Can you clarify this long sentence?你能把这个长句子解释清楚吗? 2. 使净化，使(液体等)澄清: You can clarify the water by adding a little alum.你在水里加一点明矾就能使水净化。 3. 使(头脑、神智等)清醒: The cool autumn wind clarified my mind.凉爽的秋风使我的头脑清醒过来。 4. accomplish [?'k?mpli?; ?'k?m-] vt. 1. 达到(目的)；完成；实现(诺言、计划等)： 注意accomplish,complete和finish这三个词的区别： 这三个词都表示“完成”的意思，但在用法上有区别： 1）accomplish一般后接“任务”、“使命”、“目标”、“航程”或其他抽象名词； I think our scientists and engineers can accomplish the task.我认为我们的科学家和工程人员能完成这项任务。The explorers accomplished the difficult voyage from Shanghai to the Antarctic Continent in four weeks. 这些探险队员在四周内完成了从上海到南极的艰难航程。 2）complete后接名词往往更具体些，如“建筑物”、“工程”、“书籍”等；如： The building will be completed by the end of the month.这座大楼将于月底竣工。 3）finish后面可接名词或动名词，往往带有反面的意味，如“用完”、“吃完”等。例如： After we had finished eating, we set out immediately. 5. conflict [k?n'flikt; 'k?nflikt] vi. 1. 冲突，抵触；矛盾，对立，分歧： Their political views conflicts with ours.他们的政治观点与我们的不一致。 in conflict with 和…冲突（n.）conflict with 冲突；与…抵触 (v.) 6. unwilling 搭配be unwilling to do…不愿意做某事n. unwillingness 不愿意的The government was unwilling to accept the defeat. 政府不愿意接受失败。 7. break away (from) 挣脱, 逃脱；脱离, break v. (broke, broken) 拓展break down 抛锚, 出故障,身体跨了break into 闯入, 突然发出break the records打破记录break out (战争、瘟疫、火灾) 爆发break off 中断break the rules 违反规则 8. trade union 工会labour union n. [美]工会students' union 学生会 9. to one's credit 值得赞扬的是 To his credit, he has admitted his mistakes.值得表扬的是他认了自己的错误。 10. convenience n. 方便, 便利adj. convenient I keep my reference books near my desk for convenience. 为了图方便 习惯搭配at one’s convenience 在方便的时候for (the sake of) convenience 为了方便起见convenient adj. 适合需要的,方便的I can’t see him now; it’s not convenient. 注意：汉语里常说：当你方便的时候，而英语不能说：when you are convenient. 只能说：when it is convenient for you

高中英语必修四unit2单词讲解和练习

BOOK 4 Unit 2 Working the land 词汇练习 重点单词讲解 1.struggle vt. & vi.斗争；拼搏；努力 struggle with与……斗争；和……一起战斗struggle...for 为争取……而斗争struggle...against与……斗争；为反对……而斗争struggle+不定式，如： A bird was caught in the net and was struggling to get free. 一只鸟被网罩住了，挣扎着想要逃脱。 struggle to one’ s feet 挣扎着站起来 a life-and-death struggle生死搏斗struggle还可以作名词，意思是“斗争；搏斗；努力；挣扎；难事”等。如： With a struggle，he controlled his feelings. 他费力地控制住了自己的感情。 2.expand vt. & vi.使变大；伸展；阐述 expand指向四面八方的扩大扩张 extend 强调向某一方向的延长 spread 指消息，疾病，瘟疫等的传播、蔓延，也指把某物铺开，把胳膊张开 【练习】用expand，extend，spread，stretch的适当形式填空。 1). The man _______ the information around. 2). The empire _______ its country in the 16th century. 3). The road builders worked hard to _______ the high way. Keys: 1). spread 2). expanded 3). extend 3.circulate vt. & vi. 循环；流传 【例句】Blood circulates through the body.血液在体内循环。 【考点】1）形容词：circular圆形的；循环的； 名词：circulation循环；流通；发行量； 2）circulation 作“（报纸、杂志等的）发行量”解时，是可数名词。 4.thanks to thanks to 幸亏；由于；因为 1). Thanks to your help, much trouble was saved. 多亏你的帮助, 减少了许多麻烦。 2). Thanks to the bad weather, the match had been cancelled. 多亏这个倒霉天气, 比赛取消了。thanks to 相当于because of /owing to /due to /thanks to /on account of /as a result of 5.rid rid sb./sth. of... 使某人/某物摆脱…… 1). Many people are working hard to rid the world of famine. 很多人在努力使世界不再有饥荒。 2). The dentist rid him of the pain by taking out his bad tooth. 牙科医生把他的坏牙拔掉，使他免除痛苦。 [重点用法] rid 短语： be rid of 摆脱get rid of 摆脱；除掉；去掉 rid a house of mice 清除室内老鼠rid oneself of debt 还清债务 [类似用法动词] inform/ warn/ cure sb. of… 通知/警告/治愈某人……

最新高中英语必修四book4-unit5-词汇讲解和练习(含答案)

BOOK 4 Unit 5 Theme parks 词汇讲解及练习题 重难点讲解 1. theme n（谈话、写作或乐曲的）主题，题目，主旋律 theme park主题公园theme song主题歌 The theme of our discussion today is “Asia in the1990s”. 今天我们讨论的主题是二十世纪九十年代的亚洲。 The theme of the poem is love and peace. 这首诗的主题是爱与和平。 2 various adj 1. 不同的;各种各样的,形形色色的 Various objects were on the table.桌子上摆着各种各样的物体。 At the meeting, the people present expressed their various opinions. 会议上，出席人士发表了不同观点。 Their hobbies are many and various.他们的爱好五花八门。 2. 不止一个的，各个的，个别的 for various reasons由于种种原因 For vario us reasons, I’d prefer not to meet him. 由于各种原因，我不愿意见他。 Wheat is grown in various parts of the country. 全国许多地方都种小麦。 【知识拓展】various是由动词vary（变化）派生而来的形容词，它的副词形式是variously(不同的)。variety是名词，意为“变化，多变性，多样性”，用a variety of/varieties of表示“各种各样的；多种多样的”，后接复数名词，可与various互用。如： There are various colours to choose from. That sort of things varies from person to person. 3be famous for以/因……而出名be famous as作为……而出名 She was famous for his novels and poetry.她以小说和诗歌而闻明。 She was more famous as a writer than as a singer.她作为作家比作为歌手名声更大。

感受现代科技

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全新版大学英语单词详解 Book2 Unit4

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