缩印

黯然销魂者，唯别而已矣！况秦吴兮绝国，复燕宋兮千里。或春苔兮始生，乍秋风兮踅起。是以行子肠断，百感凄恻。风萧萧而异响，云漫漫而奇色。舟凝滞于水滨，车逶迟于山侧；棹容与而讵前，马寒鸣而不息。掩金觞而谁御，横玉柱而沾轼。居人愁卧，恍若有亡。日下壁而沉彩，月上轩而飞光。见红兰之受露，望青楸之离霜。巡曾楹而空掩，抚锦幕而虚凉。知离梦之踯躅，意别魂之飞扬。故别虽一绪，事乃万族。至若龙马银鞍，朱轩绣轴，帐饮东都，送客金谷。琴羽张兮箫鼓陈，燕赵歌兮伤美人；珠与玉兮艳暮秋，罗与绮兮娇上春。惊驷马之仰秣，耸渊鱼之赤鳞。造分手而衔涕，感寂漠而伤神。乃有剑客惭恩，少年报士，韩国赵厕，吴宫燕市，割慈忍爱，离邦去里。沥泣共诀，抆血相视。驱征马而不顾，见行尘之时起。方衔感于一剑，非买价于泉里。金石震而色变，骨肉悲而心死。或乃边郡未和，负羽从军。辽水无极，雁山参云。闺中风暖，陌上草薰。日出天而耀景，露下地而腾文。镜朱尘之照烂，袭青气之烟煴。攀桃李兮不忍别，送爱子兮沾罗裙。至如一赴绝国，讵相见期？视乔木兮故里，决北梁兮永辞。左右兮魂动，亲宾兮泪滋。可班荆兮赠恨，唯樽酒兮叙悲。值秋雁兮飞日，当白露兮下时。怨复怨兮远山曲，去复去兮长河湄。又若君居淄右，妾家河阳。同琼佩之晨照，共金炉之夕香。君结绶兮千里，惜瑶草之徒芳。惭幽闺之琴瑟，晦高台之流黄。春宫閟此青苔色，秋帐含兹明月光。夏簟清兮昼不暮，冬釭凝兮夜何长！织锦曲兮泣已尽，回文诗兮影独伤。傥有华阴上士，眼食还山。术既妙而犹学，道已寂而未传。守丹灶而不顾，炼金鼎而方坚。驾鹤上汉，骖鸾腾天。蹔游万里，少别千年。惟世间兮重别，谢主人兮依然。下有芍药之诗，佳人之歌，桑中卫女，上宫陈娥。春草碧色，春水绿波，送君南浦，伤如之何？至乃秋露如珠，秋月如硅，明月白露，光阴往来。与子之别，思心徘徊。是以别方不定，别理千名。有别必怨，有怨必盈。使人意夺神骇，心折骨惊。虽渊云之墨妙，严乐之笔精，金闺之诸彦，兰台之群英，赋有凌云之称，辩有雕龙之声，谁能摹暂离之状，写永诀之情者乎！

历山之农者侵畔，舜往耕焉，期年甽亩正。河滨之渔者争坻，舜往渔焉，期年而让长。东夷之陶者器苦窳，舜往陶焉，期年而器牢。仲尼叹曰：“耕、渔与陶，非舜官也，而舜往为之者，所以救败也。舜其信仁乎！乃躬藉处苦而民从之。故曰：圣人之德化乎！”或问儒者曰：“方此时也？尧安在？”其人曰：“尧为天子。”然则仲尼之圣尧奈何？圣人明察在上位，将使天下无奸也。今耕渔不争，陶器不窳，舜又何德而化？舜之救败也，则是尧有失也。贤舜，则去尧之明察；圣尧，则去舜之德化：不可两得也。楚人有鬻楯与矛者，誉之曰：“吾楯之坚，物莫能陷也。”又誉其矛曰：“吾矛之利，于物无不陷也。”或曰：“以子之矛，陷子之楯，何如？”其人弗能应也。夫不可陷之楯与无不陷之矛，不可同世而立。今尧、舜之不可两誉，矛楯之说也。且舜救败，期年已一过，三年已三过。舜寿有尽，天下过无已者。以有尽逐无已，所止者寡矣。赏罚使天下必行之，令曰：“中程者赏，弗中程者诛。”令朝至暮变，暮至朝变，十日而海内毕矣，奚待期年？舜犹不以此说尧令从己，乃躬亲，不亦无术乎？且夫以身为苦而后化民者，尧、舜之所难也；处势而骄下者，庸主之所易也。将治天下，释庸主之所易，道尧舜之所难，未可与为政也。

文学革命产生条件：晚清文学；域外文学；清末白话文；社会环境，现代印刷晚清新式学堂外部社会环境文学革命成绩：白话推广；外国思潮和新文学社团；文学理论建设；创作取得实绩

问题小说兴起原因：五四新旧交替，作家社会责任，受俄文学影响衰落：只提出未解决问题，答案抽象乡土小说特征：作家批判眼光；批判讽刺哀怜交织；愚昧习俗麻木人生的忧郁抒情；个性主义张扬

《呐喊》《彷徨》特点：农民题材；农村妇女命运；知识分子题材阿Q：经济被剥削；狭隘保守落后不觉悟。阿Q胜利法：自我解嘲；自欺欺人；转移法；健忘法20年代诗坛：a湖畔诗人，歌颂自然及纯洁的友爱情b小诗朱自清冰心c新月派徐志摩闻一多自由化向规范化转换，三美。D象征派王独清穆木天暗示模糊沈从文特点：理想人性人生追求者；现代文明中传统美好人性的迷失；诗意追求散文化表达；悲剧意识文体30年代无/文学兴起：初期革命文学倡导；国际无产阶级文学运动；革命家集中沪组织队伍；左联。左联文学活动：马克思翻译传播，无/运动联系设立国际文化研究会；推进文艺大众化；革命现实主义；刊物30年代小说：成熟繁荣；风格多样；传统与现代中国与西方；创作主体积极探索巴金无政府主义：反封反专反强权；批判武器投入到社会人生；理想主义人道主义；笔下—生命腐朽/委顿/充实《家》主题：家族感，高老太爷家长制；父与子冲突；三个女性悲剧京派文学：题材乡土化平民性，文学/人生态度怀旧情绪；审美趋向上的从容节制；文体风格的抒情格式，古典审美的牧歌田园诗，文体上成熟的小说样式海派：病态城市生活灯红酒绿环境中人与人关系冷漠精神寂寞疲倦堕落；描写手法上的情节淡化与人感官体会意识流；结构多线索并进大幅度跳跃语言上跳脱音节短促收放自如；世俗商业化小说可读性迎合大众；形式创新

“把”字句特点：1动词前后常常有别的成分，动词一般不能单独出现，尤其不能单独出现单音节动词。通常后面有补语宾语动态助词，至少也要用动词的重叠式。2”把”的宾语一般说在意念上是有定的已知的人或事物，因此前面带上“这，那”一类修饰词语。3谓语动词一般都具有处置性，就是动词对受事要有积极影响。4”把”字短语和动词之间一般不能加能愿动词否定词，这些词只能置于”把”字前。”被”字句的构成和应用条件：1动词一般是具有处置性的。2主语所表示的受事必须是有定的。3能愿动词和表否定，时间等的副词只能置于”被”字前。不影响句型的因素：语气词的有无。倒装与否。省略与否。独立成分的有无。决定句型的因素是结构是主干成分。句子和短语的区别：1句子有特定的语气句调，可分为陈述句疑问句等，短语没有特定的语气和句调，因此没有陈述短语疑问短语。2短语有主语状语谓语补语定语宾语等八个配对成分，句子也有八个配对成分，还多出独立语这种语用成分，共九个。3句子有成分的倒装和省略有倒装句省略句，短语没有倒装短语省略短语。4句子是交际单位，短语没有。这说明两者本质不同，句子是语言运动单位是动态单位，短语是造句备用单位，是静态单位。补语可以分为：结果程度状态可能数量时间处所。宾语补语辨别：1看标记，有助词”得”就是补语，可插入”得”的也是补语，而某些动词中含有语素”得”像”获得丰收”就是构词成分不是助词。2看关系，可以提问法看动词后的词语能回答什么能回答”V 什么”的是宾语”V得<怎么样>”的是补语，例如爱干净和扫<干净>。3看词性。宾语可由名词性和谓词性的成分充当，以前者为主，补语限于由谓词性充当，例外就是表时间（时段）的名词性成分，如”我等了你<三个小时>了”拿他和”我浪费了三个小时了”比较，用”把”字提宾法来鉴别，能用”把”字提到动词前的就是宾语，否则就是补语。动词后面是量词短语的话”看了三次””看了三本”有动量词的就是补语有名量词的是宾语。

国际商法缩印

International Law（国际商法）: The body of rules and norms that regulates activities carried on outside the legal boundaries of nations, It regulates three international relationships: SS, SP, PP, Comity（礼让）: The practice, or courtesy, between nations of treating each other with goodwill and civility.国家间以诚相待，礼貌往来的惯例或礼节 本法院职能为依据国际法审理向其提交的争端，应当适用以下渊源：1. Treaties and Conventions, 2. international customs and usages, 3. national business laws. Custom（习惯法）: Rules that have been around for a long time or which are generally accepted, which are constantly changing.two elements: 1.behavioral 心理要件: Is the consistent and recurring action. 2. Psychological行为要件:The custom must be regarded by states observing it as one that they must obligatorily follow. 国际法是否应纳入本地法律1.General Principles（一般原则）2. Doctrine of incorporation （并入原则）：大多数国家3. Doctrine of transformation（转化原则）英美国家 国际法主体包括：States and their subdivisions（机构）, international organizations, businesses, and individuals. Recognition承认：It comes about by a unilateral declaration, it implies that the recognized state or government is entitled to the rights and privileges granted by international law. Territorial Sovereignty领土主权: The right to exercise the function of a state within a territory. 2）国家获得领土主权的方式（简答题） ?By the occupation of land not claimed by another Sovereign. ?By the voluntary transfer of territory from one sovereign to another. ?By the conquest and continued occupation of the territory of another sovereign. 3）领土变更时，合同权利和义务变更（简答题及案例分析必考） ?Merge Rule：This presumes that when the two states merge to a new state, the preexisting treaties remain in force in the territories where they previously applied. ?Moving Boundaries Rule: this holds that when the territory from one state shifts to another, the treaties of absorbing state displace the treaties of the receding state in the territory where sovereignty has changed. 条约界域移动原则 ?Clean Slate Doctrine：The ex-colony starts with no obligation to succeed to the treaties of the formal colonial power.（白板原则）殖民者签订合约一律无效 ?Succession of State: All the treaties remain in force within each of their territories when the state is divided into several states. 承继原则 4)财产继承及国籍保留 ?The national of a territory that is acquired by a successor state will keep the nationality of the predecessor state unless a different result is agreed to in a treaty of cession or by municipal legislation.除非条例另有规定，国民保留原籍 ?Public property 公共财产 ①Public property located within a territory becomes the property of the successor state. 公众财产归承继者所有。

云南省环评文件必备

云南省建设项目环境审核受理中心项目受理形式审核表

环评文件编制及装订中需要注意的问题 1、附件至少应该有：审批登记表、委托书、确认函、公众参与调查样表、 公示材料、公众意见告知函、公众意见告知函的复函(水电站等项目还需要附动植物名录、样地调查表等); 2、附图至少应该有：工程地理位置图、工程布置图、环境影响评价工作图(图 上要注明评价范围、工程范围、现状监测点位、施工期监测点位、运行期监测点位、环境保护目标、环境敏感区域等)－－－－报告书还需要附:土地利用现状图、植被现状图、水土流失现状图、水土保持措施布置图、环境保护措施布置图等; 3、报告的装订顺序为:封面、环评单位资质证书缩印件、环评项目负责人环 评工程师证书复印件、环评文件编制人员名单、项目区现状照片、文本目录、正文、附件、附图; 4、"公众参与和信息公示"一章中,在最后一节中要说明公众参与调查结果 告知给项目业主的情况,并说明业主对这些公众意见的答复情况,要列一个表,列出每一条调查结论和业主答复情况; 5、报告书及一些有环境风险的报告表中,要有环境风险评价专章,要按"环境 风险评价导则"进行评价,识别风险因子,定出评价等级,分析风险情况,列出风险防范和事故处理对策措施,编制应急预案; 6、现场调查时,要进行排照片和摄像,要有拍摄时间显示,这些照片及影像资 料经过编辑后,要在评审会上投影给专家及与会人员看; 7、要调查清楚项目区所在的流域情况：降雨径流是怎么进入各水体的,要在 自然概况一节中"河流水系"中说明水的汇流情况,并说明各水体的功能、类别和现状水质;要注意:项目区没有水体或附近没有水体,并不表示不设水功

XXX国际医学科学中心概念规划设计合同最新版Word可编辑

XXX国际医学科学中心概念规划设计合同 XXX国际医学科学中心 概念规划设计合同 杨勇军律师 甲方: XXX国际医学科学中心管委会 XXX国有资产运营有限公司 乙方: XXX株式会社 鉴于 1. 甲方针对本合同工作内容委托乙方承接【XXX国际医学科学中心概念规划设计】业务； 2. 乙方具有进行该项目规划设计的能力和资源，并愿意根据本合同的约定接受甲方的委托； 3. 甲方同意按乙方要求将合同款项按照本合同规定条款支付给乙方指定的账户。 在此基础上，就甲方委托乙方承担【XXX国际医学科学中心概念规划设计】相关事宜，双方经友好协商，达成以下协议： 第一条总则 1．甲方的法律地位、确认和保证：

甲方系按照中国法律设立与存续的中国法人。其在本合同上签字的代表已获授权签署本合同，自本合同签订之日起，即对甲方具有约束力。甲方将按本合同规定提供相关的文件及技术资料，支付乙方各阶段的设计费。 2．乙方的法律地位、确认和保证： 乙方系按照日本国法律设立及存续的日本国法人。其在本合同上签字的代表已获授权签署本合同，自本合同签订之日起，即对乙方具有约束力。 乙方将按本合同约定，承担XXX国际医学科学中心概念规划设计项目的设计工作。 第二条本合同依据下列文件签订： 《中华人民共和国合同法》、《中华人民共和国建筑法》。 第三条项目概要及设计内容 1．项目范围： XXX国际医学科学中心项目规划范围东至京福高速与腊山河西路，西至XX西编组站，北至黄河与北绕城高速，南至XX与市中边界线，总规划面积约XX平方公里。研究范围西至XX西湿地、北至黄河，总规划面积约X平方公里。 2、现状概况： XXX国际医学科学中心位于XXX西部新城范围内，紧邻主城区。项目用地狭长，南北长约11km 3．相关依据及参考资料：

研究生英语期末考试 选择(缩印版)

一.同义词 16.Children may ridicule other children new to a neighborhood. A. make fun of 17.It is useless to attempt to flee from every danger, some risks must be taken. C. run away 18.Many pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily, or have some other drawbacks. B. disadvantages 19.Magazines are the fifth most important advertising medium, and magazine advertising requires a substantial investment from advertisers. D. considerable 20.Efforts to ameliorate housing conditions for the poor were halted because government funds were cut off. C. improve 21.Because of the close collaboration of architect and builder, the building was completed ahead of schedule. B. joint work 22.After World War , the Vietnamese believed that the French would allow them to be an autonomous people. A. self-governing 23.Physical well-being presupposes that one should vary his diet and often have some wholesome food. C. healthful 24.The layout of the book, with the text on the left and the notes on the right, makes it a pleasure to use. B. arrangement 25.A child leaving home before he is ready is analogous to bird trying to leave the nest before it can fly. D. similar 单选 26.He had always been oblivious to the way Ruth looked, and had never once paid her a compliment. 27.I like the professor's lecture because he amplified his lecture with some vivid slide shows. 28.On the seminar the historians still cannot agree on the date on which the particular war commenced . 29.Despite the news that her son had been dead years ago, she still clung to the hope that he would return some day. 30.During the night a person's temperature may drop one or two degrees, and it can be difficult to arouse him in the morning if his body hasn't become hot yet. 31.The farmers were more anxious for rain than the people in the city because they had more at stake. 32.Man often wonders how the earth evolved from a hot, violent birth to the celebrated watery planet that stands out in pictures from space. 33.When business is depressed , there is usually an obvious increase in unemployment. 34.Social structure organization is simply the way that people, groups, and institutions are organized with respect. to one another. 35.One of the reasons for his popularity in our village is that he asks after almost everyone every time when he comes back from the big city. 二.同义词 16.The winner was deprived of his gold medal because he was found to have taken stimulants before the race. C. was deprived of 17.The army launched a major assault against the rebel army and many citizens joined the army. A. attack 18.Because Charles had forgotten his key, he was locked out. B. unable to in 19.His behavior had been perturbing me more than had cared to admit. D. troubling 20.Lighting levels are carefully controlled to fall within an acceptable level for optimal reading convenience. A. ideal 21It is said that you can intimidate your enemies by speaking in a low voice and carrying a big stick. C. frighten 22 .If you know in advance that the examination is going to be easy, you have no incentive to study very much. D. motive 23.The soldier discovers martial stirrings in his breast as he puts on his uniform. B. excitement 24.Many pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily, or have some other drawbacks. C. disadvantages 25.You'll succeed in the final examination if you stick to your belief that you are not a failure. A. adhere to 单选 26Care should be taken to decrease the length of time that one is subjected to loud continuous noise. 27.The teacher set up those obstacles for no other purpose than to challenge the students to overcome them. 28.The police who was lack of experiences was completely, taken in by the thief's disguise. 29.My aunt wound a brightly-colored thread round her finger so as not to forget her appointment. 30.They could not go to the theater together because his free time never coincides with hers. 31.A (n) personnel manager has a variety of role relations with people occupying related statuses. 32.This is a difficult job that needs to be tackled whole-heartedly-not ply at. 33.The curtain had risen hardly when shot startled the audience. 34.He would go to endless trouble to help anyone he thought worthy of encouragement. 35.Some professors prefer to control discussion while others prefer to guide the class without dominating it. 三.同义词 16. If you know in advance that the examination is going to be easy, you have no incentive to study very much. B. motive 17.The mother soothed the disappointed child and then promised to take him on a picnic as soon as it stopped raining. D. comforted 18.It is not easy to remain tranquil when events suddenly change your life. C. calm 19.Sales are an accurate gauge of a book's popularity rather than a representation of it's real value. A. criterion 20.Because Charles had forgotten his key, he was locked out. D. unable to in 21.The army launched a major assault against the rebel army and many citizens joined the army. B. attack 22.The winner was deprived of his gold medal because he was found to have taken stimulants before the race. A. was deprived of 23.At the international conference on the nuclear weapons several dissenting statements were made. D. opposing 24.The dominant theme is of tranquility and peacefulness. C. major 25.A conservative person opposes change and too many new ideas. A. unprogressive 单选 26.It is very likely that the Martian will also be adapted to underground existence, for conditions are much more equable underground. 27.The medicine scientists discovered that the prime reason for her lung cancer is excessive smoking. 28.The interviewer interpreted the applicant's late arrival as a sign of disorganization, undependability or lack of interest in the job. 29.After about an early age of 13, perceptions have already been formed and ambitions cast. 30.South Africa's black majority got its first real say in governing early last December. 31.Technology has facilitated the sharing of information and the storage and 32.delivery of information, thus making more information available to more people. 32.Jack is the very person who can be entrusted with either money or secret information. 33.He stopped the car so abruptly that he was hit by the car behind him. 34.The black people launched civil movement, struggling for abolition of slavery. 35.After a long journey, the tourists who experienced danger and hardship reached their destination at length.

中国近代史心得体会

《中国近代史纲要》学习心得 时间如流水般从我手中滑过，转眼间这一学期的中国近代史课程已经接近尾声。当我自以为在高中学习的《历史》对中国历史有着很好的里欧阿姐，我一直以为我所了解的历史就是真正的历史，但是通过学习《中国近现代史纲要》,我对中国的历史有了更深刻的认识。有人说历史是胜利者的历史，但是如果我们学习了历史就要带着分析史实的态度，了解真相，作为新时代接班人的我们不仅要了解中国的今天，还应当了解中国的昨天和前天，回顾近百年的中国人民奋斗的历史——困惑与希望交织、污秽与崇高辉映、黑暗与光明搏击，构建了中国近代史波澜壮阔、跌宕起伏而又惊心动魄的历史画卷。 古往今来，对历史的考证、学习，从来都是亘古不变的话题。从司马迁写《史记》开创了中国纪传体文学，到如今我们坐在教室里聆听老师对中国近代史精彩评述以及大热的民间历史学说，人们总以各种各样的方式向后人讲述着前人的故事。对于司马迁及其他优秀史官，他们可能认为自己有义务将他们那个时代发生的事记录下来，传给后人；而对于现在选历史课的大多数人，或许更多只是因为必须修满学分吧！但我作为一名对历史充满兴趣的学生，很高兴学校开设了这门课程，也从这门课中学到了知识，得到了心灵的洗礼。 高中时学过中国的近代史，但那时只是为了应付会考，都比较零散，没有形成具体的轮廓，对其中的人物更是一知半解，没有了解。但通过这学期的学习，我对中国近代史的内容和理论体系形成了一个多层次的立体结构，《中国近代史纲要》从各个方面揭示中国近代社会内部一系列深刻的变化，阐明中国近代史的基本进程以及各重大历史事件之间的内在有机联系。更是对其中的人物进行了深刻的分析，给我们很大的空间去自己想象，自己评价，一副清晰的中国近代史画面仿佛呈现在眼前。 中国近代史的线索大体可以从两个方面来看：一是争取政治上的独立，贯穿着这个任务始终的是人民群众的反帝和反封建斗争。二是为发展自己的民族经济所作的斗争，这是在抵制西方列强的经济侵略和向西方学习先进技术两个方面进行的，即资本主义近代发生发展的历史。 从鸦片战争爆发开始，中国便一度遭遇到生存危机。帝国主义的入侵让中国人民深陷于水深火热之中。传统的中国劳动人民还仅仅滞留于渴望土地，维持生计的思想层面上。面对列强的侵略，清政府迅速垮台，广大人民更加不知所措。近代爱国之士总结中国人民的特点为奴性、缺乏爱国心、愚昧等。中国人民迫切需要从传统思想中解放出来，认清目标，同仇敌忾，保家卫国。中国开明的有识之士开始认识到西方的先进体制与科技，中国所处地位之危险。作为近代开眼看世界的第一人，林则徐组织人员翻译西方书籍。梁启超、康有为一干人等也指出中国的弊端与危机。 我每节课认真听老师讲课，对李鸿章有着深厚的情感，就因为我通过老师的讲解了解到真实的历史，真正的李鸿章，一个历史的罪人，民族的英雄，我也通过大量的查阅资料然后上台讲解了我心中的《林则徐》。 作为当代大学生，我们深怀科学探索的精神，辩证的看待历史的发展，从历史中得到教训得到启迪，哲人说“读史使人明智”，我们不求明智，但是要还历史以真相，探索历史人物，深入历史事件，从中获得民族的气节，祖先的精神节气。而学习《中国近代史纲要》，我们庄严的使命就是要深入地了解这段历史，铭记这段历史，对未来所可能发生的一切，我们都必须作好充分的准备，只有当我们对历史有充分的了解和认识的时候，我们才有能力去应对可能发生的变化，捍卫我们的中华民族。今天，我们站在新的历史潮头回顾历史，就是要更好地珍惜和维护来之不易的生活，就是要从那段悲壮的历史中汲取伟大的精神力量，转化为我们内在的强大动力,使社会主义现代化建设推向前进，推向中华民族的伟大复兴。

西安电子科技大学计算机图形学重点总结,缩印必备!

反走样：在光栅显示器上显示图形时，直线段或图形边界或多或少会呈锯齿状。原因是图形信号是连续的，而在光栅显示系统中，用来表示图形的却是一个个离散的象素。这种用离散量表示连续量引起的失真现象称之为走样；用于减少或消除这种效果的技术称为反走样 反走样方法主要有：提高分辨率、区域采样和加权区域采样 提高分辨率：把显示器分辨率提高一倍，锯齿宽度也减小了一倍，所以显示出的直线段看起来就平直光滑了一些。这种反走样方法是以4倍的存储器代价和扫描转换时间获得的。因此，增加分辨率虽然简单，但是不经济的方法，而且它也只能减轻而不能消除锯齿问题。 区域采样方法：假定每个象素是一个具有一定面积的小区域，将直线段看作具有一定宽度的狭长矩形。当直线段与象素有交时，求出两者相交区域的面积，然后根据相交区域面积的大小确定该象素的亮度值。 加权区域采样：相交区域对象素亮度的贡献依赖于该区域与象素中心的距离。当直线经过该象素时，该象素的亮度F是在两者相交区域A′上对滤波器进行积分的积分值 刚体：平移和旋转的组合，保持线段的长度，保持角的大小，图形不变形，为刚体变化 仿射：旋转、平移、缩放的组合为仿射变换，平行边仍然平行，错切变换也为仿射变换 较高次数逼近的三种方法：1将y和z直接表示成x的显函数即y=f(x) z=g(x)2用一个形如f(x,y,z)=0的隐式方程的解来表示曲线3曲线的参数表示 前两方法缺点：1由一个x值不能得到多个y值；这一定义不是旋转不变的；描述具有与坐标轴垂直的切线的曲线是困难的2给定方程的解可能更多；曲线段做链接时，很难确定他们的切线方向在连接点上是否相等 参数表示为什么要选择三做参数：1低于三次的函数控制曲线形状时不够灵活，高于三次的曲线会增加不必要的摆动其增加计算量2三次参数曲线是三维空间中次数最低的非平面曲线3定义高次曲线需要更多条件，这样在交互生成时会造成曲线的摆动而难以控制 G0连续：两条曲线段拼接成一条曲线 G1连续：两条曲线段拼接点处切向量方向相同。若相等（方向、大小）－C1 Gn连续：两条曲线段拼接点处切向量的阶导数方向相同。n阶导数相等－Cn B样条曲线优势：1四点加权求和，调和函数非负且和为1，具有凸壳特性2可证明Qi和Qi+1在连接点处连续3曲线段三次函数，所以整个曲线具有连续4凸壳的对曲线裁剪有用 中点生成算法： TBRL中点生成算法：

年度设计服务合同

________年度设计服务合同 本协议于______年___月___日由以下两方在北京签订。 甲方：______________________________________________ 地址：______________________________________________ 乙方：______________________________________________ 地址：______________________________________________ 经甲乙双方友好协商，就乙方向甲方购物中心提供营销策划执行服务事宜达成协议如下： 第一条甲方购物中心概况 1.本合同项下甲方购物中心包括项目，具体明细如下： 1)__________________； 2)__________________； 3)__________________； 第二条乙方工作 1.设计类工作 乙方设计类工作详见附件一（设计详单）。 2.其他服务类工作

本款内容为附件生效内容，本合同签署后，甲方如需乙方完成本款工作，应向乙方发出正 式书面通知，经甲方书面通知后，乙方同意并与甲方签订附件合同后，乙方按本款约定完 成工作，甲方按本合同约定支付费用。 乙方向甲方提供的本协议第一条项下各处购物中心的其他服务类工作具体包括如下内容： 第一类：支持报告类工作 第二类：支持调研类工作 第三类：活动策划及大客户资源收入工作 对于各处购物中心，乙方应有针对性的提供营销策划执行服务。 第一类乙方支持报告类工作及要求 乙方支持报告类工作内容及要求详见附件二。 对于附件二范围内的工作，甲方可变更工作要求。 第二类乙方调研类工作及要求 乙方调研类工作包括如下内容： 1)购物中心开业前调研； 2)购物中心开业后每年一次经营调研（调研内容包括竞争店分析、周边消费环境分析） 3)甲方要求的其他调研工作。 乙方应按照甲方要求按时完成调研类工作并提交相应分析报告（报告内容格式应符合甲方要求）。 第三类乙方支持活动策划及大客户资源收入工作及要求

大学英语第一册缩印版课后句子翻译

第一单元 1. 那是个正规宴会，As it was a formal dinner party. I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to. 2.她的女友劝他趁抽烟的坏习惯 His girlfriend advised him to get out of his ban habit of smoking before it took hold. 3. 他们预料到下几个月电的需求量很大Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production. 4.据说比尔因一再违反公司 It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. /Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. 5. 据报道地方政府已采取适当措施It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. /The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. 苏珊因车祸失去了双腿。有一段时间，她真的如何面对自己再也不能行走的事实。 一天，苏珊在浏览杂志时，被一个真实故事吸引住了。那个故事生动的描写了一个残疾姑娘是如何成为一位作家的、苏珊读后深受鼓舞，开始相信他最终也会成为一个有用的人生活下去。 Susan lost her legs because of/in a car accident. For a time, she didn’t know how to face up to the fact that she would never (be able to) walk again. One day, while scanning (through) books, she was attracted by a true story./One day, when she was scanning (through) books, a true story caught her eye. It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer. Greatly inspired, Susan began to feel that she, too, would finally be able to lead a useful life. 第二单元 1.半个小时过去了，但末班车还没来。Half an hour had gone by, but the last bus hadn’t come yet. We had to walk home. 2.玛丽看上去对汉语考试很担心Mary looks as if she is very worried about the Chinese exam because she hasn’t learnt the texts by heart. 3. 既然篮球赛已被推迟Since the basketball match has been postponed, we might as well visit the museum. 4. 整个世界大战期间他一直和父母住在澳大利亚He stayed in Australia with his parents all the way through World War Ⅱ. 5.自1985年从南京大学毕业至今Since I graduated from Nanjing University in 1985, I have kind of lost touch with my classmates. 和远方的朋友保持联系不是一件容易的事。对我来说，情形就是这样。 离开旧街区和那里的朋友已有几年了。我一直打算给他们写信，可是总有这样那样的事，似乎就是抽不出空。但是我一直记挂着他们，我想我今后一定会努力与他们保持联系的。 It is not easy to keep in touch with friends when they are far away. This is certainly true in my case. It has been a couple of years since I left my old neighborhood and all the friends I had there. I’ve been meaning to write to them but something or other comes up and I just don’t seem to find the time. They are always on my mind, however, and I think I will certainly make an effort to keep up correspondence with them in future. 第三单元 1. 正如科学家所预言的那样As is reported by scientists, global pollution has become one of the most serious problems humans are faced with. 2.谋求这些职位的竞争很激烈 Competition for these jobs is very tough— we have five times as many applicants this year as we did last year. 3. 正如事实表明的那样，教育大纲As the facts show, educational programs need to fit into the national plan for economic development. 4.这辆汽车太费油，而且价钱 The car burns too much gas, and moreover, the price is almost twice as much as I intend to pay. 5. 要了解一起重大的国际事件To understand a great international event, we, first of all, need to consider the historical and political background to it. 很难想象我们的先辈们没有现代话技 术带来这么多方便，那日子是怎么过 的那个时候只有一小部分人享受一些 舒适条件，大部分人连饭都吃不饱， 更不要说接受教育的特权了。然而许 多人责怪现代技术说他带来了很多问 题。他们想减慢进步的速度。但是谁 也不能阻止时代的进步。 It is hard to imagine how our forefathers could do without so many conveniences that modern technology has brought about. Back then only a small proportion of the population enjoyed the comforts of life. The majority didn’t even have sufficient food, not to speak of the priority of being educated. However, many people blame modern technology for creating so many problems. They want to slow down the rate of progress. But no one can put the clock back. 第四单元 1. 据报道，联合国斡旋者制定出It is reported that UN mediators have worked out a plan which they hope will be accepted to both sides. 2. 多丽丝小心翼翼的在森林里行走 Doris walked in the forest cautiously, afraid of being attacked by giant snakes. 3. 地震、台风和其他自然灾害无法防 止Earthquakes, typhoons and other natural disasters cannot be prevented, but action can be taken to protect life and property. 4. 我买了一期新的我最喜欢的体育 杂志I bought a new issue of my favorite sports magazine and hurried home, anxious to amuse myself reading it. 5.海伦缺乏信心。我从未遇到过像他 那样没有自信的Helen lacks confidence. I have never known anyone so unsure of herself. 托尼大学毕业后决定自己开业，一开 始开多家银行都拒绝了她的贷款要 求。但他毫不泄气，继续一个个拜访 银行家寻求帮助，有一位银行家被他 的决心和乐观精神所打动，最终答应 贷款给他如今他成为了一位富商。在 谈到所取得令人惊讶的成就时，托尼 说重要的是创造机遇而不是等待机 遇。 After graduating from college, Tony decided to start his own business. At the beginning, many a bank turned down his request for a loan. But he was not a bit discouraged, and continued to call on one banker after another seeking help. Impressed by his determination and optimism, one banker finally agreed to loan him the money. Now he has become a wealthy businessman. Talking about his amazing achievement, Tony says that it is important to create rather than wait for opportunities. 第五单元 1. 我不太清楚哪你能找到一个好木 工I am not sure/certain where you can find a skilled carpenter---you had better ask around. 2.他感到有点尴尬，赶紧清了清喉咙 Felling a little embarrassed, he quickly cleared his throat and looked up at the painting on the war. 3. 迈克尔去世了，留下三个儿子 Michael was survived by three sons, two daughters, and his wife Elizabeth. 4. 作为金融专家，威廉建议As a financial expert, William advised us to invest our money in the stock market. 5. 我们这些小零售商无法超市和We small retailers can not compete with supermarkets in price/pricing and sales. 我爸是一家制造公司的行政领导， 工作很努力。他每周工作六天，每天 他的解决各种各样的问题，因此经常 熬夜。但是他还是竭尽全力兼顾工作 和家庭。星期日我爸通常呆在家里， 尽量多多照顾我们。最使我高兴的是 他给我们烹饪我们最喜爱的菜肴，还 和我们一起打球。 My father is a hard-working executive of a manufacturing firm. He works six days a week. Every day he has to straighten out various kinds of problems so that he often stays up late. However, he tries to maintain a banlance/ banlance between work and family. On Sundays, my father often stays at home and cares for us as much as he can. To my greatest joy, he cooks our favourite dishes and plays balls with us. 第六单元 1. 我上大学之前，祖父对我说的那几 句充满智慧的话my grandfather give me a few words of wisdom which impressed me deeply. 2.千万别把我的伤势告诉我父母y parents about my injures and I will be grateful to you (for it). 3. 我们有几个同事在会上提出了ues put forward sensible suggestions about improving our working environment at the meeting. 4. 迫于工作压力，资方sponse to the pressure of the union, the management has agreed to grant the workers a 10% pay rise. 5.女主人考虑的很周到ery thoughtful of the hostess to give the house a thorough cleaning before we arrived. 李大伯自己虽然并不富裕，但在帮助 别人时他从不犹豫，退休前他通过希 望工程他找到了两个家境贫穷但渴望 求学的孩子的地址，此后他定期给他 们汇钱，这两个孩子后来都考上了大 学，还获得了海外留学的机会。 Not rich himself, Uncle Li never hesitates to help others. Previous to / Before his retirement, through Project Hope he located the addresses of two country kids who grew up in poor families but had a keen desire to study . From then on he sent them money regularly. Later the two made their way to college, and even got a chance to study overseas. They often thought of Uncle Li and kept corresponding with him. Whenever he read their letters, Uncle Li's face would broaden into a smile. He felt this to be the most sensible investment in his life. 第七单元 1. 当地的一家公司承担了此项工程y undertook the project but went bankrupt before it was completed. 2. 我和你做一笔交易你替我洗车 deal---you wash my car, and I will let you use it tonight. 3.我们到达那个我们本以为毁于那次 大地震的村庄时which we thought must have been wiped out in the severe earthquake, only to find it slightly damaged. 4.我的花园即干燥又背阴 is dry and shady---few plants thrive in that condition. 5. 那位电影明星死亡的真相ll surrounds the exact truth behind the film star’s death. 我小时候常备家乡的动物园参观。哪 里最吸引我的是一对老虎，特别是那 只雄虎。他们起初被关在一只大铁笼 子里，后来放了出来，被签到一个叫 虎山的地方，二十年后我再度访问了 动物园，欣慰的发现虎山仍在，但以 扩大了许多，在哪里活动的有大小6 只老虎而不是2两只。 when I was young I developed a keen interest in animals. So I often visited the zoo in my home town. There what attracted me most was a couple of tigers, especially the male. They were kept in a huge iron cage at first, but later was released from it and put in a place called Tiger Hill. The hill was separated from the visitors by a very wide and deep ditch. What's more, it was also surrounded by a high iron fence along the ditch. Twenty years later, I revisited the zoo and was relieved to find the Tiger Hill was still there but greatly extended. Moving around now were six tigers, old and young, instead of two!