2017天津大学考博英语模拟题

2017天津大学考博英语模拟题

17.0/满分70.0 (24%)

3

PART ONE (30%)

Direction: In this part of the test, there are 10 questions. For each question, you will have 5 segments. The segments are in mixed order. Drag them into right order to make a complete sentence.

题目1

部分正确

获得3.0分中的0.6分

4

Drag the segments into right order to make a complete sentence.

in North America,

work absence are related to

depression, according to some estimates

up to

40% of disability claims for

正确答案是：

in North America,

up to

40% of disability claims for

work absence are related to

depression, according to some estimates 题目2

部分正确

获得3.0分中的1.8分

4

Drag the segments into right order to make a complete sentence.

we welcome

this report’s emphasis

tackling this public health crisis

that physicians play in

on the vital role

我不知道

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正确答案是：

we welcome

this report’s emphasis

on the vital role

that physicians play in

tackling this public health crisis

题目3

from different backgrounds

to learn and thrive in a changing world

who have dedicated themselves

we greatly admire the teachers

to helping children

正确答案是：

we greatly admire the teachers

who have dedicated themselves

to helping children

from different backgrounds

to learn and thrive in a changing world

题目4

3

Drag the segments into right order to make a complete sentence.

thinking about how to provide

a lot of time

a better future for

a typical Tiger Mum spends

her only child

正确答案是：

a typical Tiger Mum spends

a lot of time

thinking about how to provide

a better future for

her only child

题目5

部分正确

获得3.0分中的0.6分

3

is more like

renting access

owning one outright

to a book than

the transaction

正确答案是：

the transaction

is more like

renting access

to a book than

owning one outright

题目6

不正确

获得3.0分中的0.0分3

are merely upgrades

to grasp that new goods

of existing ones

more subtly,

statisticians sometimes fail

正确答案是：

more subtly,

statisticians sometimes fail

to grasp that new goods

are merely upgrades

of existing ones

题目7

不正确

获得3.0分中的0.0分

3

a good many years

in advance of the people who are living in it

material progress has raced

that the world itself is

so far ahead of mental and spiritual progress

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正确答案是：

material progress has raced

so far ahead of mental and spiritual progress

that the world itself is

a good many years

in advance of the people who are living in it

题目8

部分正确

获得3.0分中的1.8分

3

dominated

in 2006 the list was

by 84 companies

from the four BRIC countries

including 44 from China alone

我不知道

12345

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正确答案是：

in 2006 the list was

dominated

by 84 companies

from the four BRIC countries

including 44 from China alone

题目9

正确

获得3.0分中的3.0分

3

adapting to local circumstances means

recognizing that

emerging-world consumers are

an odd mixture of

ignorance and sophistication

我不知道

12345

题目10

不正确

获得3.0分中的0.0分

3

disaster relief funding,

mitigate the risk of living off the land

advances in agricultural technology,

as well as the safety net of

crop insurance, subsidies and

我不知道

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正确答案是：

advances in agricultural technology,

as well as the safety net of

crop insurance, subsidies and

disaster relief funding,

mitigate the risk of living off the land 题目11

部分正确

获得20.0分中的4.0分

3

PART TWO (20%)

Direction: In this part of the test, you will have 5 short paragraphs. Re-arrange them (by dragging) so that they are in right order and thus make a complete passage. The 3rd paragraph has been labeled for you.

This pattern is occurring throughout the industrialized world. Even developing nations are facing increasing technological unemployment as transnational companies build state-of-the-art high-tech production facilities, letting go millions of cheap laborers who can no longer compete with the cost efficiency, quality control, and speed of delivery achieved by automated manufacturing.

(3) Corporate leaders and mainstream economists tell us that the rising unemployment figures represent short-term "adjustments" to powerful market-driven forces that are speeding the global economy in a new direction. They hold out the promise of an exciting new world of high-tech automated production, booming global commerce, and unprecedented material abundance. Millions of working people remain skeptical. In the United States, Fortune magazine found that corporations are eliminating more than 2 million jobs annually. While some new jobs are being created in the US economy, they are in the low-paying sectors and are usually temporary.

More than 800 million human beings are now unemployed or underemployed in the world. That figure is likely to rise sharply between now and the turn of the century as

millions of new entrants into the workforce find themselves without jobs.

A technology revolution is fast replacing human beings with machines in virtually every sector and industry in the global economy. Already, millions of workers have been permanently eliminated from the economic process, and whole work categories and job assignments have shrunk, been restructured, or disappeared. Global unemployment has now reached its highest level since the great depression of the 1930s.

With current surveys showing that less than five percent of companies around the world have even begun the transition to the new machine culture, massive unemployment of a kind never before experienced seems all but inevitable in the coming decades. Reflecting on the significance of the transition taking place, the distinguished

Nobel laureate economist Wasilly Leontief warned that with the introduction of increasingly sophisticated computers, "The role of humans as the most important factor of production is bound to diminish in the same way that the role of horses in agricultural production was first diminished and then eliminated by the introduction of tractors."

我不知道

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正确答案是：

A technology revolution is fast replacing human beings with machines in virtually every sector and industry in the global economy. Already, millions of workers have been permanently eliminated from the economic process, and whole work categories and job assignments have shrunk, been restructured, or disappeared. Global

unemployment has now reached its highest level since the great depression of the 1930s.

More than 800 million human beings are now unemployed or underemployed in the world. That figure is likely to rise sharply between now and the turn of the century as millions of new entrants into the workforce find themselves without jobs.

(3) Corporate leaders and mainstream economists tell us that the rising unemployment figures represent short-term "adjustments" to powerful market-driven forces that are speeding the global economy in a new direction. They hold out the promise of an exciting new world of high-tech automated production, booming global commerce, and unprecedented material abundance. Millions of working people remain skeptical. In the United States, Fortune magazine found that corporations are eliminating more than 2 million jobs

annually. While some new jobs are being created in the US economy, they are in the low-paying sectors and are usually temporary.

This pattern is occurring throughout the industrialized world. Even developing nations are facing increasing technological unemployment as transnational companies build state-of-the-art high-tech production facilities, letting go millions of cheap laborers who can no longer compete with the cost efficiency, quality control, and speed of delivery achieved by automated manufacturing.

With current surveys showing that less than five percent of companies around the world have even begun the transition to the new machine culture, massive unemployment of a kind never before experienced seems all but inevitable in the coming decades. Reflecting on the significance of the transition taking place, the distinguished

Nobel laureate economist Wasilly Leontief warned that with the introduction of increasingly sophisticated computers, "The role of humans as the most important factor of production is bound to diminish in the same way that the role of horses in agricultural production was first diminished and then eliminated by the introduction of tractors."

题目12

部分正确

获得20.0分中的4.0分

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题干

4

PART THREE (20%)

Direction: In this part of the test, you will have a passage with 10 missing words/expressions. Choose ONE word/expression from the box below and drag

your choice to its place.

In a world where many traditional forms of work are ever changing, good academic qualifications alone will no longer guarantee work. This is partly because of the transience of many contemporary forms of work. It is because there are many more people with academic qualifications. As the of work changes, education itself is becoming one of the world’s biggest industries.

It has been estimated that education and training now six per cent of world GDP. The United Nations predicts that in the next thirty years more people will be looking for qualifications in education than since the beginning of civilization. This has profound for the sorts of education people need, and for the of the qualifications they receive. One emergent issue is academic inflation. Qualifications are a form of currency. Their value is related to the

prevailing exchange rate for employment or higher education. all currencies, they can inflate when there are too many in relation to the opportunities . Two or three A-levels once a university place: the baseline for many courses is now much higher.

A first degree once guaranteed a job: the baseline is now a master’s degree or even a PhD. This is a structural problem for all education systems, and it may compound the number of people in formal education continues to increase. Whatever other issues it raises, one is already clear. Academic qualifications alone are no longer enough. Increasingly, employers and others emphasize the need for the qualities and aptitudes which academic qualifications are not designed to produce powers of creativity, of communication, of adaptability, and social skills.

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The correct answer is:

PART THREE (20%)

Direction: In this part of the test, you will have a passage with 10 missing words/expressions. Choose ONE word/expression from the box below and drag your choice to its place.

In a world where many traditional forms of work are ever changing, good academic qualifications alone will no longer guarantee work. This is partly because of the transience of many contemporary forms of work. It is [also] because there are many more people with academic qualifications. As the [nature]of work changes, education itself is becoming one of the world’s

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2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）真题 Section I Use of English Section I Use of English Directions： Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) People have speculated for centuries about a future without work. Today is no different，with academics，writers，and activists once again 1 that technology is replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 . A few wealthy people will own all the capital，and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland. A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort，one 4 by purposelessness：Without jobs to give their lives 5 ，people will simply become lazy and depressed. 6 today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression，double the rate for 7 Americans. Also，some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality，mental-health problems，and addicting9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future. But it doesn’t 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work，a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure. Today，the 15 of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring，degrading，unhealthy，and a waste of human potential，” says John Danaher，a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway. These days，because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers，people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard day’s work，I often feel 18 ，” Danahe r says，adding，“In a world in which I don’t have to work，I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters. 1. [A] boasting [B] denying [C] warning [D] ensuring 2. [A] inequality [B] instability [C] unreliability [D] uncertainty 3. [A] policy [B]guideline [C] resolution [D] prediction 4. [A] characterized [B]divided [C] balanced [D]measured 5. [A] wisdom [B] meaning [C] glory [D] freedom 6. [A] Instead [B] Indeed [C] Thus [D] Nevertheless 7. [A] rich [B] urban [C]working [D] educated

2017年上海交通大学考博英语试题回忆

2017年上海交通大学博士入学测试英语试题回忆 阅读理解Passage One Rent control is the system whereby the local government tells building owners how much they can charge their tenants in rent. In the United States, rent controls date back to at least World War II. In 1943 the federal government imposed rent controls to help solve the problem of housing shortages during wartime. The federal program ended after the war, but in some locations, including New York City, controls continued. Under New York's controls, a landlord generally cannot raise rents on apartments as long as the tenants continue to renew their leases. In places such as Santa Monica, California, rent controls are more recent. They were spurred by the inflation of the 1970's, which, combined with California's rapid population growth, pushed housing prices, as well as rents, to record levels. In 1979 Santa Monica's municipal government ordered landlords to roll back their rents to the levels charged in 1978. Future rents could only go up by two-thirds as much as any increase in the overall price level. In any housing market, rental prices perform three functions: (1) promoting the efficient maintenance of existing housing and stimulating the construction of new housing, (2) allocating existing scarce housing among competing claimants, and (3) rationing use of existing housing by potential renters. One result of rent control is a decrease in the construction of new rental units. Rent controls have artificially depressed the most important long-term determinant of profitability —rents. Consider some examples. In a recent year in Dallas, Texas, with a 16 percent rental vacancy rate but no rent control laws, 11,000 new housing units were built. In the same year, in San Francisco, California, only 2,000 units were built. The major difference? San Francisco has only a 1.6 percent vacancy rate but stringent rent control laws. In New York City, except for government-subsidized construction, the only rental units being built are luxury units, which are exempt from controls. In Santa Monica, California, new apartments are not being constructed. New office rental space and commercial developments are, however. They are exempt from rent controls. 1. What does the passage mainly discuss? (A) The construction of apartments in the United States. (B) Causes and effects of rent control (C) The fluctuations of rental prices (D) The shortage of affordable housing in the United States. 2. Which of the following was NOT a reason for the introduction of rent controls in Santa Monica, California? (A) rapid population growth (B) inflation (C) economic conditions during wartime (D) record-high housing prices 3. It can be inferred that the purpose of rent control is to (A) protect tenants