外研版b3m4---new words

b3m4 key words and expressions

1. fright: n 恐惧，害怕fright en: vt使害怕，使惊吓

frightening: adj令人害怕的frightened: adj感到害怕的

be frightened of sth/ of doing sth害怕，恐惧be frightened to do sth害怕去做某事

be frightened to death吓得要死a frightening experience 一次可怕的经历

用frighten的适当形式填空

He was __________ at the sound.

What can we do to make the experience less_______________.

He knew that Soli was trying to _________him, so he smiled to hide his fear.

2.strong: adj强壮的，坚强的strength: un.力气，力量；cn.长处，优势strength en: vt加强build up one’s strength 强身健体with all one’s strength用尽全身的力气

strengths and weaknesses 优势和劣势have the strength to do sth有力气/意志做某事

eg. I don’t have the strength to climb any further. 我没有力气再往上爬了。

Tolerance is one of her many strengths. 宽容是她许多优点中的一个。

易混词辨析：strength, force, energy, power

用strength, force, power, 或energy 填空，并熟读句子。

1). He has so much ____________ that he can work eight hours without having a rest.

2). Electricity gives us ____________ and make machines work.

3). He pushed the stone into the river with all his _____________.

4). The police took the thief to the police station by ____________.

5). Knowledge is __________.

3. desertification n. 沙漠化deserted adj.被抛弃的，被遗弃的desert n.沙漠vt.遗弃，抛弃

4. mass adj. 大量的；大规模的；n. 大量；众多；堆

the masses（=the public）群众，民众the mass market 大众市场

a mass of/masses of =lots of大量；许多

masses of 做主语，谓语动词用复数形式。

a mass of 做主语，谓语动词单复数取决于of 后面的名词。

eg. Therewerea mass of people around the club entrance. 俱乐部门口聚集着一个群人。

There is a mass of water wasted every year. 每年有大量的水被浪费了。

Masses of books/moneywere sent to Hope Project. 大量的书籍/钱被送往了希望工程。

5.forecast—forecast—forecast (forecasted—forecasted) vt.预报，预告forecaster n.天气预报员Snow is forecast for tomorrow. 预报明天有雪。

Experts are forecasting a recovery in the economy. 专家预测经济将复苏。

6. cyclevi.= ride a bicyclecyclist 骑自行车的人

7.chemical adj. 与化学有关的，化学的n. 化学药品

chemist n. 药剂师，化学家chemistry n. 化学

8. atmosphere n. 大气，大气层；气氛，氛围

The atmosphere over dinner was warm and friendly. 用餐时洋溢着热情友好的气氛。

The hotel had a lovely and relaxed atmosphere. 宾馆的气氛轻松愉快。

9. pollute: vt使污染polluted: adj被污染的pollution: n污染

air pollution water pollution noise pollution white pollution

10.concern: vt，涉及，和…有关；使担忧n.担忧，焦虑,感兴趣的事

concerned: adj关心的，担心的(前置定语); a concerned look 关切的神色

有关的，相关的（后置定语）the authorities concerned 有关部门concerning: prep关于，至于

be concerned with 与…有关express one’s concern about 对……表示关心/担心

be concerned about/for 为…担心；关心as far as I am concerned 在我看来，就我而言

eg. We are concerned about /for his safety. 我们担心他的安全。

As far as I am concerned, the idea is crazy. 在我看来，这个想法真是荒诞至极。

Air pollution is concerned with carbon dioxide. 空气污染与二氧化碳有关。

11. major adj. 主要的，多数的；主修的，较重要的v. 主修n. 主修…的人

majority n. 大多数the majority of …的大多数major in 主修

1). There are a lot of students majoring in English now.现在有很多学生主修英语。

2). Exercise plays a major part in preventing disease.在预防疾病方面, 锻炼起着重要的作用。

3). He was a chemistry major./ His major is chemistry.他是主修化学的学生。/他的专业是化学。

4).The majority of the audience began laughing. 大部分观众笑了起来。

12. urgent: adj紧急的urgently: adv紧急地urgency: n紧急情况,紧急的事

It is urgent + that 从句（从句用虚拟语气，即should +动词原形，should 可以省略)

It is urgent that relief (should) be sent to the earthquake-stricken areas. 急需将救援物资送往地震灾区。

13. complain vi. 抱怨，投诉complaint: n 抱怨，投诉

complain (to sb) about sth向某人抱怨/投诉complain that...抱怨make a complaint 抱怨14. scare: vt使害怕scared: adj感到害怕的scary: adj恐怖的，吓人的

15. protect: vt保护protector: n保护者protection: n保护

under the protection of …在…的保护下protect sb from/against sth/doing sth使某人免受/免遭Try to protect your skin from the sun. 尽量保护皮肤不受太阳晒。

They took action under the protection of the police. 他们在警方的保护下采取了行动。

短语

1．cut down砍倒；削减，缩小(尺寸、数量)；驳倒

2．look through浏览；翻阅；翻找；审核

3．be caught in突然遭遇(风暴等)

*We got caught in a rainstorm on the way here.来这里的路上我们遇到了暴风雨。

1)Children who were caught up in the crime are getting a lot of attention from the government. 被胁迫参与犯罪的孩子们正得到政府的广泛关注。

2)I caught the boy stealing fruit from our orchard.我撞见那个男孩在偷我们果园里的水果。【短语归纳】

(完整版)最新整理：人教版高中英语单词表

必修1 Unit 1 △ survey n.调查；测验 add up 合计 upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的 vt. （upset, upset）使不安；使心烦 ignore vt. 不理睬；忽视 calm vt. & vi.（使）平静；（使）镇定 adj. 平静的；镇静的；沉着的 calm（…）down （使）平静下来；（使）镇定下来have got to 不得不；必须 concern vt.（使）担忧；涉及；关系到 n.担心；关注；（利害）关系 be concerned about 关心；挂念 walk the dog 遛狗 loose adj .松的；松开的 △ vet n. 兽医 go through 经历；经受 △ Amsterdam n.阿姆斯特丹（何二首都） Netherla nds n.荷兰（西欧国家） △ Jewish 犹太人的；犹太族的 Germa n adj.德国的；德国人的；德语的 n .德国人；德语 △ Nazi n. 纳粹党人 adj.纳粹党的 set dow n 记下；放下；登记 series n. 连续；系列 a series of 一连串的；一系歹U; —套 △ Kitty n .基帝（女名） outdoors adv.在户外；在野外 spellb ind vt. (spellbo und, spellbo und) 迷住；迷惑 on purpose 故意 in order to 为了…… dusk n. 黄昏；傍晚 at dusk 在黄昏时刻 thu nder vi.打雷；雷鸣 n .雷；雷声 en tire adj. 整个的；完全的；全部的 vt.使定居；安排；解决 suffer vt. & vi.遭受；忍受；经历suffer from 遭受；患病 △ Ion eli ness n.孤单；寂寞 highway n. 公路；大路 recover vi. & vt.痊愈；恢复；重新获得 get/be tired of 对……厌烦 pack vi. & vt.捆扎；包装；打行李 n. 小包；包裹 pack (sth) up 将（东西）装箱打包suitcase n. 手提箱；衣箱 △ Margot n. 玛戈（女名） Overcoat n. 大衣；外套 tee nager n. 十几岁的青少年 get along with 与……相处；进展 △ gossip vi. &n.闲话；闲谈 fall in love 丿相爱；爱上 exactly adv. 确实如此；正是；确切地disagree vi. 不同意 grateful adj. 感激的；表示谢意的dislike n. & vt.不喜欢；厌恶 join in 参加；加入 tip n. 提示；技巧；尖；尖端；小费 vt. 倾斜；翻倒 power n. 能力；力量；权力 face to face 面对面地 curtai n n. 窗帘；门帘；幕布 dusty adj. 积满灰尘的 no longer/not …any Ion ger 不 再 part ner n. 伙伴；合作者；合伙人 settle vi. 安家；定居；停留 adv.完全地；全然地；整个地en tirely

2019人教版高中英语必修3电子课本 word版

普通高中课程标准实验教科书《英语》电子课本 Book 3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world B3U1P1-3 FESTIV ALS AND CELEBRATIONS Ancient Festivals Festivals and celebrations of all kinds are held everywhere. The most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of the cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. Other celebrations were held when hunters could catch animals. They would starve if food was difficult to find, so they celebrated when they had food. They lit fires and made music because they thought these festivals would bring a year of plenty. Festivals of the Dead Some festivals are held to honour the dead, or satisfy and please the ancestors, who could return either to help or to do harm. In Japan the festival is called Obon, when people should go to clean the graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. They light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. In Mexico they have the Day of the Dead in early November. On this important feast day, people might eat food in shape of skulls, and cakes with “bones” on them. They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. The festival of Halloween had its origin as an event in memory of the dead. It is now a children’s festival, when they can go to their neighbours’ homes and ask for sweets. They dress up and try to frighten people. If they are not given anything, the children might play a trick. Festivals to Honour People Festivals can be held as an honour to famous people or to the gods. One of these is the Dragon Boat Festival in China, which honours the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan. Another is Columbus Day in the USA, in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in America. In India there is a national festival on October 2 to honour Mahatma Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain. Harvest Festivals Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events. People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter ,and because a season of agricultural work is over. In European countries it is the custom to decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and people get together to have meals. Some people might win awards for their animals, flowers, fruits and vegetables, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster. In China and Japan there are mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and give gift of mooncakes. Spring Festivals The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival in China, people eat dumplings, fish and meat, and may give children lucky money in the red paper. There are dragon dances and carnivals, and families celebrate the lunar New Year together. In some Western countries there are very exciting carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in February. They might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud music and colourful clothing of all kinds. Easter is an important religious and social festival in Christian countries. It celebrates the return of Jesus for Christians and it also celebrates the coming of spring. In Japan, the Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little later. The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow. People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each others. Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our daily life for a little while.

(完整版)高中英语人教版必修一课文内容电子版Unit2

Unit 2 English around the world The road to modern English At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in England. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or foreign language than ever before. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. Look at this example: British Betty: Would you like to see my flat? American Amy: Yes. I’d like to come up to your apartment. So why has English changed over time? Actually, all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. At first, the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French. These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British settlers moved to America. Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia too. English began to be spoken in both countries. Finally by the 19th century the language was settled. At that time two big changes in English spelling happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The America Dictionary of the English Language. The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling. English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia. For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. During that time English became the language for government and education. English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa. Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. In fact, China may have the largest number of English learners. Will Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will tell. STANDARD ENGLISH AND DIALECTS What is standard English? Is it spoken in Britain, the US, Canada, Australia, India and New Zealand? Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. This is because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English. However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak. When people use words and expressions different from “standard language”, it is called a dialect. American English has many dialects, especially the midwestern, southern, African American and Spanish dialects. Even in some parts of the USA, two people from neighboring towns speak a little differently. American English has so many dialects because people have come from all over the world. Geography also plays a part in making dialects. Some people who live in the mountains of the eastern USA speak with an older kind of English dialect. When Americans moved from one place to another, they took their dialects with them. So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost the same dialect as people in the northwestern USA. The USA is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken. Although many Americans move a lot, they still recognize and understand each other’s dialects.

人教版高中英语词汇表带音标

A access/ ‘?kses/ n.接近；通道，入口accidental/ ?ksi’dentl/ a.偶然的；非本质的accommodate/ ?’k?m?deit/ vt.容纳；供应，供给accommodation/ ?,k?m?’dei??n/ n.招待设备；预定铺位accordance/ ?’k?r:d?ns/ n.一致；和谐；授予accordingly/ ?’k?r:di?li/ ad.因此，所以；照着account/ ?’kaunt/ n.记述；解释；帐目 address / ?’dres/ n.地址；演说；谈吐adequate/ ‘?dikwit/ a.足够的；可以胜任的advisable/ ?d’vaiz?bl/ n.明智的；可取的 age/ eid?/ vt.变老 alloy/‘?l?i, ?’l?i/ n.合金；(金属的)成色aluminium/ ?lju’minj?m/ n.铝 anchor/‘??k?/ n.锚vi.抛锚，停泊 anticipate/ ?n’tisipeit/ vt.预料，预期，期望apparatus/ ,?p?’reit?s/ n.器械，仪器；器官appetite/‘?pitait/ n.食欲，胃口；欲望appliance/ ?’plai?ns/ n.用具，器具，器械applicable/‘?plik?bl/ a.能应用的；适当的 article/‘a:tikl/ n.条款；物品

assemble/ ?’sembl/ vt.集合，召集；装配assembly/ ?’sembli/ n.集合；集会；装配assure/ ?’?u?/ vt.使确信；向…保证atom/ ‘?t?m/ n.原子；微粒；微量attribute/ ‘?tribju:t/ vt.把…归因于n.属性automobile/‘?:t?m?bi:l/ n.汽车，机动车auxiliary/ ?:g’zilj?ri/ a.辅助的；附属的 B bang/ b??/ n.巨响，枪声；猛击barrel/‘b?r?l/ n.桶；圆筒；枪管battery/‘b?t?ri/ n.电池；一套，一组bay/ bei/ n.湾；山脉中的凹处 beam/ bi:m/ n.梁；横梁；束，柱behalf/ bi’ha:f/ n.利益，维护，支持bind/ baind/ vt.捆绑；包扎；装钉biscuit/ ‘biskit/ n.(英)饼干；(美)软饼blade/ bleid/ n.刀刃，刀片；叶片blend/ blend/ vt.&vi.&n.混和 bold/ b?uld/ a.大胆的；冒失的 bolt/ b?ult/ n.螺栓；插销vt.闩门bond/ b?nd/ n.联结，联系；公债

(完整版)高中英语必修三教材分析_英语_教材分析_人教版

人教新课标模块3教材分析 ——西北工业大学附属中学 由国家教育部制定并颁布的《普通高中英语课程标准（实验）》明确规定高中英语课程应使学生在义务教育阶段学习的基础上进一步明确英语学习的目的，发展自主学习能力和合作精神；在加强对学生综合语言运用能力培养的同时，注重提高学生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力，以及用英语进行思维和表达的能力；高中英语课程还应根据学生的个性特征和发展的需要，为他们提供丰富的选择机会和充分的表现空间。通过高中英语课程的学习，使学生的语言运用能力进一步得到提高，国际视野更加宽广，爱国主义精神和民族使命感进一步增强，为他们的为未来发展和终身学习奠定良好的基础。人教新课标这套教材每一个模块有五个教学单元。每个单元围绕一个主要的话题开展听说读写的活动，共分九个部分。“热身”（warming up）---主要通过问卷调查，看图讨论，情景听说，思考问题等多种形式的活动，激发学生的学习兴趣，激活其已有的知识，使学生能运用自己已有的知识和经验思考该单元的中心话题。“读前”(Pre-reading)---设置问题启发学生预测课文的内容，展开简短的讨论，以便通过阅读验证自己的推测。“阅读”（Reading)---为各单元的主要阅读语篇，题材和体裁多种多样，承载该单元的话题重要信息，以及大部分词汇和主要的语法结构。“理解”（Comprehending）---用以检测学生对阅读课文的理解程度。“语言学习” (Learning about Language)---采用发现和探究的方法启发学生自己找出书中的重要语言项目，培养学生初步运用这些语言的技能。“语言运用”(Using Language)---围绕中心话题的听说读写的综合性练习，包括了Listening and speaking & Reading and writing。“小结”(Summing Up)---要求学生自己小结从各单元中学到的内容，生词和习惯用语以及语法结构。“学习建议”(Learning Tip)---培养学习策略，优化学习方式，提高自主学习的能力。“趣味阅读”(Reading for Fun)---满足学生的兴趣需求，体现教材的选择性和拓展性。 以上是普通高中英语课程标准（实验稿）对课程目标的解读。下面，我们将从教材的使用者的角度，结合在教材使用过程中学生对教材的反应情况，主要针对模块教材整体，从模块和单元知识结构，模块和单元内容发生发展过程，模块和单元知识学习意义，模块和单元教学建议与学法指导说明四个方面浅略地谈一下自己的见解，以期与各位同行共同探讨更好地掌握、运用好英语课程标准。

高中英语必修五全册课文内容

Unit 1 Great scientists JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a famous doctor in London – so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly disease of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died. John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enquiry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gather information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why. First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had lived. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 and 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame. Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus. To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. Finally “King Cholera” was defeated. COPERNICUS’ REVOLUTIONARY THEORY Nicolaus Copernicus was frightened and his mind was confused. Although he had tried to ignore them, all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion: that the earth was not the centre of the solar system. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in

(完整版)人教版高中英语全部单词表

必修1 Unit 1 △survey n.调查；测验 add up合计 upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的vt. (upset, upset) 使不安；使心烦ignore vt.不理睬；忽视 calm vt. & vi.（使）平静；（使）镇定adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的 calm(…)down（使）平静下来；（使） 镇定下来 have got to不得不；必须 concern vt.（使）担忧；涉及；关系到n.担心；关注；（利害）关系 be concerned about关心；挂念 walk the dog 遛狗 loose adj.松的；松开的 △vet n.兽医 go through经历；经受 △Amsterdam n.阿姆斯特丹（荷兰首都）Netherlands n.荷兰（西欧国家） △Jewish 犹太人的；犹太族的 German adj.德国的；德国人的；德语的n．德国人；德语 △Nazi n.纳粹党人 adj.纳粹党的 set down记下；放下；登记 series n.连续；系列 a series of一连串的；一系列；一套△Kitty n.基蒂（女名） outdoors adv. 在户外；在野外 △spellbind vt. (spellbound, spellbound) 迷住；迷惑 on purpose 故意 in order to为了…… dusk n.黄昏；傍晚 at dusk在黄昏时刻 thunder vi.打雷；雷鸣 n．雷；雷声 entire adj.整个的；完全的；全部的entirely adv. 完全地；全然地；整个地power n.能力；力量；权力 face to face面对面地 curtain n.窗帘；门帘；幕布 dusty adj.积满灰尘的 no longer/not…any longer不再……partner n.伙伴；合作者；合伙人settle vi.安家；定居；停留 vt.使定居；安排；解决 suffer vt. & vi.遭受；忍受；经历suffer from遭受；患病 △loneliness n.孤单；寂寞 highway n.公路；大路 recover vi. & vt.痊愈；恢复；重新获得get/be tired of对……厌烦 pack vi. & vt.捆扎；包装；打行李 n.小包；包裹 pack (sth) up将（东西）装箱打包suitcase n.手提箱；衣箱 △Margot n.玛戈（女名） Overcoat n.大衣；外套 teenager n.十几岁的青少年 get along with与……相处；进展 △gossip vi. & n.闲话；闲谈 fall in love相爱；爱上 exactly adv. 确实如此；正是；确切地disagree vi.不同意 grateful adj.感激的；表示谢意的dislike n. & vt.不喜欢；厌恶 join in参加；加入 tip n.提示；技巧；尖；尖端；小费vt.倾斜；翻倒 △secondly adv.第二；其次 swap vt.交换 item n.项目；条款 Unit 2 △subway n.地下人行道；<美>地铁elevator n.电梯；升降机 petrol n. <英>汽油（=<美>gasoline）gas n.汽油；气体；煤气；毒气official adj.官方的；正式的；公务的voyage n.航行；航海 △conquer vt.征服；占领

人教版2020版高中英语必修3课文逐句翻译

1.必修三Unit1 Festivals and celebrations节日和庆典 Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient times. 自古以来，世界各地就有各种各样的节日和庆典。Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. 最古老的节日总是庆祝严寒的结束、春季的种植和秋天的收割。Sometimes celebrate would be held after hunters had caught animals. 有时，在猎人捕获猎物后，也举行庆祝活动。At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months. 在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬月，人们会挨饿。Today’s festivals have many origins ,some religious, some seasonal, and some for special people or events. 现在的节日有很多由来，一些是宗教上的，一些是季节性的，一些是纪念特殊的人和事件的。 Festivals of the Dead亡灵节 Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm. 有些节日，是为了纪念死者，或使祖先得到满足，因为祖先们有可能回到世上（给人们）提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。For the Japanese festival. Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. 在日本的盂兰盆节，人们要扫墓、烧香，以缅怀祖先。They also light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. 他们还点起灯笼，奏响乐曲，因为他们认为这样做可以把祖先引回到世上。In Mexico, people celebrate the Day of the Dead in early November. 在墨西哥，亡灵节是在11月初。On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with “bones” on them. 在这个重要的节日里，人们会吃制成颅骨形状的食物，和装点有“骨头”的蛋糕。They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. 他们向亡者祭献食物、鲜花和礼品。The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people. 西方节日万圣节也源自人们古老的信念，认为亡者的灵魂会返回人间。It is now a children’s festival, when they can dress up and to their neighbours’ homes to ask for sweets. 万圣节如今成了孩子们的节日，这天他们可以乔装打扮上到邻居家要糖吃。If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them. 如果邻居什么糖也不给，那么孩子们就可以捉弄他们了。 Festivals to Honour People纪念名人的节日 Festivals can also be held to honour famous people . 也有纪念名人的节日。The Dragon Boat Festival in China honours the famous ancient poet, Qu Y uan. 中国的端午节（龙舟节），是纪念著名古代诗人屈原的。In the USA Columbus Day is in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in New World. 美国的哥伦布日是纪念克里斯托弗·哥伦布发现“新大陆”的日子。India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain. 印度在10月2日有个全国性节日，纪念莫汉达斯·甘地，他是帮助印度脱离英国而独立的领袖。 Harvest Festivals庆丰收的节日 Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events. 收获与感恩节是非常喜庆的节日。People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural work is over. 越冬的粮食收集起来了，农活结束了，人们都心怀感激。In European countries, people will usually decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and will get together to have meals. 在欧洲国家，人们通常用花果来装饰教堂和市政厅，在一起聚餐。Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster. 有些人还可能因为他们的农产品（参加各种评选）而获奖，比如最大的西瓜或最帅的公鸡。China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and in China, enjoy